|
on Financial Development and Growth |
| By: | Böhm, Sebastian; Grossmann, Volker; Steger, Thomas |
| Abstract: | The paper revisits the debate on trickle-down growth in view of the widely discussed evolution of the earnings and income distribution that followed a massive expansion of higher education. We propose a dynamic general equilibrium model to dynamically evaluate whether economic growth triggered by an increase in public education expenditure on behalf of those with high learning ability eventually trickles down to low-ability workers and serves them better than redistributive transfers. Our results suggest that, in the shorter run, low-skilled workers lose. They are better off from promoting equally sized redistributive transfers. In the longer run, however, low-skilled workers eventually benefit more from the education policy. Interestingly, although the expansion of education leads to sustained increases in the skill premium, income inequality follows an inverted U-shaped evolution. |
| JEL: | H20 J31 O30 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc15:113220&r=fdg |
| By: | Schnabel, Isabel; Seckinger, Christian |
| Abstract: | Using industry data from Eurostat and applying the Rajan-Zingales methodology, we investigate the real growth effects of banking sector integration in the European Union. Our sample stretches from 2000 until 2012 and includes the phase of rapid financial integration before the crisis as well as the following phase of financial fragmentation and bank deleveraging. We find evidence that banking sector integration had a more than four times stronger growth effect during the crisis than in normal times. Growth effects are also stronger in times of domestic bank deleveraging. We conclude that concerns of European policy makers about fragmentation in the European banking sector are justified and that future reintegration is an important building block of future growth perspectives in the European Union. |
| JEL: | F36 G01 G15 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc15:112864&r=fdg |
| By: | Brenner, Thomas |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effects of public research (publications) and innovation output (patents) on national economic growth with the help of a GMM panel regression including 114 countries. Effects on productivity growth and capital and labor inputs are distinguished. Furthermore, different time lags are examined for the various analyzed effects and two time periods as well as less and more developed countries are studied separately. The results confirm the effect of innovation output on productivity for more developed countries. Simultaneously, innovation output is found to have negative impacts on capital and labor inputs, while public research is found to have positive impacts on labor inputs. |
| JEL: | O11 O31 C23 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc15:112873&r=fdg |
| By: | Jannsen, Nils; Potjagailo, Galina; Wolters, Maik |
| Abstract: | We study the effects of monetary policy on output during financial crises. We use a large panel of advanced and emerging economies to guarantee a sufficiently high number of financial crises episodes. A financial crises dummy, which is constructed based on the narrative approach, is interacted with other key macroeconomic variables in a panel VAR. Theory suggests that monetary policy might be more effective in financial crises if it can ease malfunctioning of financial markets for example by loosening credit constraints or restoring confidence. Alternatively, deleveraging and uncertainty might predominate and make the economy less interest rate responsive and monetary policy less effective in financial crises. Taking a sample from the mid 1980s to today we find that an expansionary monetary policy shock is very effective in raising GDP during the recessionary period of a financial crisis. The effect is stronger than in non-crises times. In contrast, during the recovery period of a financial crisis, monetary policy has a very small effect on GDP. These differences can be explained by a confidence channel. During the joint occurrence of a recession and a financial crisis an expansionary monetary policy shock increases consumer confidence and GDP. During the following recovery monetary policy has no effects on confidence or GDP. Other variables like credit, housing prices and exchange rates can at most partially explain differences in transmission between the different regimes. |
| JEL: | E52 E58 G01 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc15:113096&r=fdg |