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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Apoorva Bademi; Miriam Stevens; Isha Sura; Shweta Singh |
| Abstract: | There is a projected increase in offshore wind energy generation in the United States over the next three decades, driven by legislative commitments and government funding. Like other renewable technologies, the construction of offshore wind farms has environmental impacts and spillover effects that must be assessed. Developing offshore wind as a reliable domestic energy source requires a multiregional analysis of economic and environmental effects of constructing projects along lakefronts and coastal regions. Although no commercial offshore wind farms currently operate in the United States, seven states have announced capacity commitments exceeding 28 gigawatts by 2035. This study evaluates the spatial economic and environmental impacts of planned projects by linking the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Offshore Renewables Balance-of-system Installation Tool (ORBIT) with a multiregional input-output model of the U.S. economy developed in the Virtual Industrial Ecology Lab. ORBIT provides capital investment requirements for installation, which are combined with the model to estimate economic spillover effects. Environmental impacts are assessed using a newly developed multiregional greenhouse gas emissions dataset for the U.S. to capture supply chain emissions of offshore wind construction. The five projects analyzed require 16.3 billion dollars in capital investment and generate 27.6 billion dollars in direct and indirect economic impacts across the country. Emissions results show that states active in energy generation are most affected, but impacts can be reduced by decarbonizing the grid. A carbon payback analysis indicates the projects offset construction-phase emissions in less than a year. The framework highlights which states experience the greatest spillover effects in terms of emissions and economic activity required to support offshore wind expansion. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.15012 |
| By: | Hanzhe Xing; John Miles; Stuart Ashley Scott |
| Keywords: | Additionality, green hydrogen, power system model, curtailment, variable renewable energy |
| JEL: | D24 H23 L94 Q42 Q47 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:enp:wpaper:eprg2517 |
| By: | Clay, Karen (Carnegie Mellon University); Jha, Akshaya (Carnegie Mellon University); Lewis, Joshua (University of Montreal); Severnini, Edson (Boston College) |
| Abstract: | This paper documents the evolution of US carbon emissions and discusses the main factors that contributed to the historical carbon emissions rollercoaster. We divide the discussion into four periods – up to 1920, 1920-1960, 1960-2005 and after 2005. For each period, we discuss the main drivers of national carbon emissions. We then discuss trends in carbon emissions in the electricity sector. Electricity sector emissions were initially very small, but would become the largest source of US carbon emissions over the period 1980-2015, and the largest contributor to decarbonization since 2007. In the final section, we distill lessons from the U.S. experience that may inform decarbonization strategies in developing economies. |
| Keywords: | environmental regulation, electricity sector, energy transition, decarbonization, carbon emissions, clean air act, climate policy |
| JEL: | N72 Q31 Q48 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18008 |
| By: | Mohammadzadeh Asl, Nazi; Hataminia, Soheil |
| Abstract: | The relationship between poverty and the environment is multi-dimensional and complex, necessitating a detailed analysis, particularly at the regional level. This study evaluates and ranks Iran’s 30 provinces based on the poverty-environment nexus. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a composite index comprMiising energy consumption intensity, CO₂ emissions, water stress index, and desertified land area was developed for the year 2021. The first two principal components explained approximately 71% of the total variance. Results indicate a significant negative correlation between poverty and environmental degradation (r = -0.61). In this context, wealthier provinces such as Tehran, Isfahan, and Khuzestan experience the highest environmental degradation, whereas poorer provinces encounter relatively less environmental pressure. The findings suggest that improved economic conditions in Iranian provinces have often been accompanied by reduced livability and heightened environmental degradation. Therefore, policymakers are advised to prioritize enhancing livability by integrating sustainable water resource management and desertification control into poverty alleviation strategies. |
| Keywords: | Welfare, Poverty, Inequality, Environment, Livability |
| JEL: | A12 A13 I3 I31 O10 O18 O21 O44 Q2 Q25 Q28 Q5 Q52 Q53 Q54 Q56 Q57 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–02–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125768 |
| By: | Burke, Josh; Mercer, Leo |
| Abstract: | This report consists of a response made on behalf of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment in August 2024 to the ‘Integrating Greenhouse Gas Removals in the UK Emissions Trading Scheme’ joint consultation of the UK Government, the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs for Northern Ireland. The consultation document is available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/consultati ons/integrating-greenhouse-gas-removals- in-the-uk-emissions-trading-scheme. |
| Keywords: | UK ETS; BECCS; carbon accounting; carbon credits; carbon market; DACCS; emission trading; GGR |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–08–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129080 |
| By: | Higham, Catherine; Bradeen, Emily; Averchenkova, Alina; Chan, Tiffanie |
| Abstract: | This report consists of a submission to a call for views by the Scottish Parliament on the Climate Change Targets Bill, launched in August 2024. More information on the consultation is available at: https://yourviews.parliament.scot/nzet/climate-change-targets-bill/consultation/intro/. The submission draws on research and policy analysis conducted by the Grantham Research Institute that aims to understand the key features of the existing stock of climate change framework laws around the world, and how these features contribute to the positive and negative impacts arising from the laws. It responds to questions relating to carbon budgets, climate change plans, and monitoring and reporting. |
| Keywords: | Scotland; UK climate policy; carbon budgets; legislation |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–09–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129079 |
| By: | Kirill Borissov; Nigar Hashimzade |
| Abstract: | We examine a green transition policy involving a tax on brown goods in an economy where preferences for green consumption consist of a constant intrinsic individual component and an evolving social component. We analyse equilibrium dynamics when social preferences exert a positive externality in green consumption, creating complementarity between policy and preferences. The results show that accounting for this externality allows for a lower tax rate compared to policy ignoring the social norm effects. Furthermore, stability conditions permit gradual tax reductions or even removal along the transition path, minimising welfare losses. Thus, incorporating policy-preference interactions improves green transition policy design. |
| Keywords: | climate change, endogenous preferences, green transition, social norms, temporary policies |
| JEL: | H23 H31 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12020 |
| By: | Daniel Marcel te Kaat; Alexander Raabe; Yuanjie Tian |
| Abstract: | Using granular data on global investment funds in difference-in-differences regressions around the announcement of the US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), we identify a novel international spillover channel of green industrial policies. Sustainable global investment funds received more inflows upon the act announcement, in turn increasing their cross-border portfolio investments worldwide. Recipient economies better prepared to address climate change benefited most from sustainable global funds' additional investments. Our results are stronger for funds with a larger portfolio share invested in the US and in IRA-targeted industries. Yet, we see strong international spillovers even for non-US domiciled sustainable funds investing entirely outside the US. Thus, global investment funds have become an important conduit for the international spillover of climate policies. |
| Keywords: | sustainable finance, climate policy, industrial policy, cross-border spillover, portfolio reallocation, portfolio capital flows, investment fund, Inflation Reduction Act |
| JEL: | F3 G1 G2 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2025-46 |
| By: | Xing, H.; Miles, J.; Scott, S. A. |
| Abstract: | This study quantifies the additionality of grid-connected hydrogen production, i.e., the additional CO2 emissions and system costs incurred when electrolysers divert variable renewable energy (VRE) from the grid. Using a power system model for the current and a future Great Britain (GB) power system with high VRE penetration, we define a fair cost and fair carbon intensity to analyse hydrogen with additionality produced via different electricity sourcing strategies: buying from the grid (on-grid), from VRE generators before the market (VRE-ahead), and using curtailment. It is found that the additional thermal generation led by grid-connected hydrogen production prevents hydrogen from being cost-efficient and clean. In the future GB power system with high VRE penetration, using curtailment is the most cost-effective option. Offsetting the additional emissions from hydrogen production requires substantially more VRE capacity in a future decarbonised system than in the current one, though the additional emissions are less in a decarbonised system. This risks increasing the cost of offsetting the additional emissions from hydrogen production in the future. |
| Keywords: | Additionality, Green Hydrogen, Power System Model, Curtailment, Variable Renewable Energy |
| JEL: | D24 H23 L94 Q42 Q47 |
| Date: | 2025–08–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:2552 |
| By: | Fries, Christian P. |
| Abstract: | This paper applies concepts from mathematical finance to the analysis of climate change mitigation costs and policy design. We define three metrics: an implied CO2-price based on the total discounted cost of abatement and damages; a carbon interest rate, representing the internal rate of return of abatement actions; and a fair share of GDP to support effort-based climate funding. These metrics provide ex post evaluations of optimal emission pathways in integrated assessment models (IAMs), offering a descriptive framework for understanding the cost structure of climate policy. In addition, we extend an integrated assessment model by incorporating a climate transformation fund, funded by a fixed GDP share, a CO2-price, or a mix) and that finances climate-related costs over time. This extension improves intergenerational equity. We consider the general case of a stochastic model. Our numerical experiments on a classical (deterministic) DICE model show that the implied CO2-price is a factor of 10 larger than the classical social cost of carbon (a marginal price) and that the implied share of GDP is roughly 3 %. However, the model exhibits substantial intergenerational inequality. Introducing a climate transformation fund, our numerical result shows that roughly 2.4 % of the GDP is sufficient to cover all climate mitigation costs (including abatement and damage cost), equally distributing the burden among all generations. This intergenerational equitable climate change mitigation results in only a modest reduction of the GDP or consumption (significantly smaller than the funding rate). Analysing a stochastic extension of a DICE model, we see that the presence of a climate transformation fund significantly reduces the convexity and volatility of the cost structure. |
| Keywords: | Integrated Assessment Models; CO₂-Price; Social Cost of Carbon; Carbon Interest Rate; Interest Rate of Carbon; Intergenerational Equity; Fair Share of GDP; Climate Transformation Fund; Stochastic IAM, Convexity |
| JEL: | D58 H43 Q51 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–12–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125821 |
| By: | Higham, Ian; Higham, Catherine; Feyertag, Joe; Chan, Tiffanie; Sharp, Jared; Da Silva, Filipe; Jahn, Valentin; Diaz Puerto, Nelson |
| Abstract: | This report consists of a submission by the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment to a call for inputs on corporate accountability in the context of human rights and climate change. It was issued by the UN Special Rapporteur on climate change to inform a report that will be presented to the 56th Session of the Human Rights Council in 2024. The submission includes responses to questions on topics including: corporate disclosure mechanisms; climate change risks and corporate accountability; net zero accountability and greenwashing; the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights in relation to climate change; and the role of the finance and banking sector. |
| Keywords: | climate change; climate change litigation; corporate accountability; corporate disclosure; ESG; human rights; net zero commitments; sustainable finance |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–01–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129171 |
| By: | Wan, Lu; Zhou, Yanxi; Wang, Ying; Zhao, Tiantian |
| Abstract: | Following the “dual carbon” goals in 2021, which emphasize achieving the carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060, China introduced a “dual circulation” strategy to connect domestic and international trade. Leveraging the quantile regression model, this study examines the impact of green total factor productivity, trade penetration, foreign direct investment, and sustainable finance on carbon emissions (CO2). Furthermore, a mediating model is established from another perspective to discover the mechanism, respectively, testing how trade, foreign direct investment, and sustainable finance affect carbon emissions via green total factor productivity. The findings indicate that green total factor productivity exerts an inverted “U-shaped” effect on carbon emissions within a certain threshold of the total CO2 volume. While the relationship between the green total factor productivity and CO2 becomes a significant “U-shaped” when the total CO2 goes beyond a certain level. Meanwhile, foreign direct investment penetration and sustainable finance contribute positively to carbon emissions reduction, whereas trade penetration notably increases carbon emissions. Transition mechanisms with international cooperation, trade penetration, foreign direct investment penetration, and sustainable finance also affect CO2 through the green total factor productivity channel. As suggested, China should tailor its low-carbon transition strategies, drawing on global insights and considering its unique national development. Broadly, efficiency in the production process and low-carbon transition are preferred (i.e. improved green total factor productivity), which will balance economic development and environmental protection. The adoption and promotion of a consistent framework for sustainable finance are crucial, as they help enterprises in developing countries access more global sustainable finance. This study also notes that participating more in international trade that embodies low-carbon concepts and introducing green foreign direct investment helps developing countries improve resource efficiency and productivity. |
| Keywords: | carbon peak; correlation; green total factor productivity; sustainable finance; trade penetration |
| JEL: | F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2025–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129148 |
| By: | Bian, Alice; Dikau, Simon; Miller, Hugh; Pierfederici, Roberta; Stern, Nicholas; Ward, Bob |
| Abstract: | As the world’s largest trading nation, China holds a dominant position in global green manufacturing, particularly through the development of the so-called ‘new three’ clean energy technologies – that is, electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar panels. There are tremendous opportunities for emerging markets and developing countries to improve their integration into global supply chains for clean energy technologies by leveraging intra-regional trade that boosts their manufacturing competitiveness and exports of higher-value-added products. This policy insight seeks to evaluate China’s role in supply chains for renewable energy technologies, and how the country can support the energy transition in other countries, particularly those in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). |
| Keywords: | ASEAN; Asia; Association of Southeast Asian Nations; batteries; Belt and Road Initiative; China; China ETS; clean energy; climate finance; electric vehicles; international agreement; international climate finance; Just Energy Transition Partnerships; manufacturing; net zero transition plan; regional comprehensive economic partnership; South-east Asia; supply chains; transition-critical materials |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–02–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129230 |
| By: | Kyle C. Meng; Vincent Thivierge |
| Abstract: | The central appeal of environmental markets – efficient allocation of emission reductions – has been difficult to establish empirically. We develop a framework linking the theoretical change in allocative efficiency following a market-based policy to a quasi-experimental estimator. We apply this framework with administrative data to two major U.S. air pollution markets. We find allocative efficiency for pollution improved by 3.3 percentage points annually under California’s RECLAIM program but do not detect a change under the U.S.’ NOx Budget Trading Program. These results are supported by greater heterogeneity in baseline facility characteristics under RECLAIM and differences in program implementation. |
| JEL: | D61 Q50 Q52 Q53 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34111 |
| By: | Smolenska, Agnieszka |
| Abstract: | The sustainability transition requires a fundamental change in the way economies function to align socioeconomic systems with planetary boundaries. From a legal perspective, such a shift should entail a transformation of the prevailing legal coding of economic relations to enable consistent integration of social and environmental considerations. Within the emerging sustainable finance trend, shoots of change are visible: new financial instruments, such as green or sustainability-linked bonds and loans, appear to be reorienting the market relationships around sustainability impact issues. A sociolegal and legal institutionalist analysis of this trend reveals how such instruments shape and are shaped by different facilitative, regulatory and constitutive facets of law. Using EU green bond issuances as a case study, the article highlights how law expands and limits the transformative potential of such novel financial instruments. The analysis is revealing of the co-constitutive dynamics of law and sustainable finance. In this context, the article makes three contributions. Firstly, it offers a comparative case study of law’s co-constitutive dynamics in the case of financial innovation designed for environmental and social impact. Secondly, it identifies the co-constitutive dynamics of law and (sustainable) finance relating to differentiation and expansion.Thirdly, it finds variance in the law’s co-constitutive role at the micro-level of financial interactions, and in meso-structures that emerge in the context of sustainable finance specifically. To the extent that sustainable debt instruments are increasingly linked to a company’s overall performance and corporate governance, the article’s findings have implications for the integration of social concerns in financial instruments. |
| JEL: | F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2025–08–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:128884 |
| By: | Md. Bokhtiar Hasan (Islamic University, Bangladesh); Gazi Salah Uddin (Linköping University); Donghyun Park (Asian Development Bank); Md. Sumon Ali; John Beirne (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | Economic and climate shocks inflict huge economic costs and undermine sustainable development (SD). This study is the first comprehensive attempt to empirically assess the influence of economic and climate resilience, which can mitigate those costs, on SD. Our analysis is based on a panel dataset of 31 countries from 2007 to 2021 and advanced econometric techniques, including panel-corrected standard errors, feasible generalized least squares, panel quantile regression, and local projections. We find that economic and climate resilience have significant effects on SD. Furthermore, dynamic analysis indicates that both types of resilience have persistent effects on SD and quantile analysis validates the robustness and consistency of our findings across different stages of development. |
| Keywords: | sustainable economic development;economic resilience;climate resilience;panel data analysis |
| JEL: | C33 O11 Q01 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–08–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:021476 |
| By: | Barmes, David; Bosch, Jordi Schröder |
| Abstract: | Climate change, environmental degradation, and global energy markets are all sources of price instability, with important implications for inflation forecasting and macroeconomic policy. Central banks will have to deepen their understanding of these drivers of inflation and adapt their policymaking accordingly, recognising that achieving environmental targets is necessary to avoid persistent environmentrelated macroeconomic instability. While primary responsibility for the transition to a sustainable economy lies with fiscal, industrial, and environmental authorities, new approaches to monetary policy and improved inflation forecasting should support these efforts. Energy’s relevance to price stability is widely acknowledged, as fossil fuel prices driving inflation (‘fossilflation’) is a longstanding phenomenon, most recently triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The inflationary effects of climate change (‘climateflation’) and environmental degradation in a modern context are comparatively novel though increasingly pronounced. Climateflation, which is global in nature yet borne disproportionately by lower income households and countries, occurs primarily through reductions in agricultural activity and damage to crop yields. As environmental disruptions intensify, they will play an increasingly significant role in driving price instability. In this context, orthodox monetary policy is counterproductive to achieving price stability, as well as governments’ economic, social and environmental objectives. Increasing interest rates fails to address the core drivers of rising energy and food prices, disproportionately hampers investment in capital-intensive green projects, and reduces government’s fiscal space. Instead, central banks should factor environmental considerations into the conduct of monetary policy and explore greater macroeconomic policy coordination with fiscal and industrial authorities. New international monetary arrangements will also be necessary to secure price stability and a just transition. |
| JEL: | F3 G3 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129176 |
| By: | Matthew A. Tarduno; Reed Walker |
| Abstract: | This paper explores whether misperceptions about air pollution contribute to environmental inequality in the United States. We use a two-part survey experiment to elicit respondents' beliefs about local air quality and pollution's effects on life expectancy. We document how misperception differs across demographic groups and then how this misperception affects willingness to pay (WTP) for cleaner air. Since misperception or beliefs may be correlated with other unobservable determinants of WTP, we randomly show selected participants customized information about their actual air pollution. This allows us to trace out how experimentally induced changes in beliefs affect WTP for air quality. Our results suggest significant misperceptions about air pollution in the US. Respondents, on average, overestimate both their air pollution exposure and its impact on life expectancy. Beliefs about relative air pollution are not systematically biased but are noisy. Despite some differences in misperceptions between Black and White respondents, counterfactual exercises do not suggest that rectifying these misperceptions would meaningfully close the observed gap in WTP and/or pollution exposure. |
| JEL: | H4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34116 |
| By: | Baatz, Christian; Tank, Lukas; Bednarz, Lena-Katharina; Böttcher, Miranda; Morganti, Teresa Maria; Voget-Kleschin, Lieske; Cabus, Tony; Doorn, Erik van; Dorndorf, Tabea; Havermann, Felix; Holzhüter, Wanda; Keller, David; Kreuzburg, Matthias; Matz-Lück, Nele; Mengis, Nadine; Merk, Christine; Moustakis, Yiannis; Pongratz, Julia; Wehnert, Hendrikje; Yao, Wanxuan; Rehder, Gregor |
| Abstract: | Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) options could potentially play an important role in future CDR policy portfolios. They include, for example, ocean alkalinity enhancement, blue carbon projects such as mangrove cultivation, as well as sub-seabed storage of captured atmospheric CO 2 . In this paper we present a novel assessment framework designed for mCDR options. The framework provides important conceptual advancements to existing frameworks currently used to assess climate options: It clearly distinguishes between and allows for the assessment of both the feasibility and desirability of mCDR options, it makes explicit the evaluative standards upon which the assessment is based and it separates the descriptive listing of information from the evaluation of said information. The assessment framework aims to advance the debate on what role mCDR can and should play in responding to the climate crisis by providing a tool for both policymakers and stakeholders to assess mCDR options in a transparent and comprehensive way. |
| Keywords: | assessment framework, marine carbon dioxide removal, feasibility, desirability, climate change, assessment criteria, mitigation |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwkie:323601 |
| By: | Basaglia, Piero; Isaksen, Elisabeth; Sato, Misato |
| Abstract: | Carbon pricing is often paired with compensation to carbon-intensive firms to mitigate the risk of carbon leakage. This paper empirically examines the effects of indirect carbon cost compensation on UK manufacturing firms. Using administrative microdata, we combine difference-in-differences and fuzzy regression discontinuity designs to exploit firm-level eligibility criteria and identify the causal impact of compensation. We find that compensation reduces output contraction but also increases electricity consumption and emissions. These findings highlight a key policy trade-off – while compensation can help protect firms’ competitiveness and reduce leakage risks, it may also delay industrial decarbonization and increase the overall cost of achieving national emission targets. |
| Keywords: | carbon pricing; compensation; competitiveness; electricity consumption |
| JEL: | Q52 Q58 Q40 Q41 H23 |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:128813 |
| By: | Gkargkavouzi, Anastasia; Halkos, George |
| Abstract: | The increasing urgency of the climate crisis has necessitated a transformative approach to education that prepares learners to act as agents of sustainable change. This working paper synthesizes UNESCO's Greening Curriculum Guidance with contemporary academic insights to propose a comprehensive framework for embedding climate change education into formal and non-formal learning environments. Drawing on theoretical models, empirical evidence, and international policy frameworks, the paper articulates strategies for greening the curriculum, outlines actionable steps for institutional implementation, and analyzes pedagogical methods that cultivate cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioral competencies. The role of intersectionality, justice, and indigenous knowledge systems is emphasized to ensure an inclusive and context-sensitive transition toward climate-resilient education systems. |
| Keywords: | Curriculum Greening; Climate Education; Sustainability; Pedagogical Strategies; UNESCO; ESD. |
| JEL: | D90 I21 Q01 Q50 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025–08–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125668 |
| By: | Ibrahim Musa, Mohammed |
| Abstract: | Sudan faces deep challenges of the interrelation between food security, climate change, and the impact of the 15th April 2023 war in Sudan. This study investigates the complex relationships among these factors using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model over two periods: 1961–2022 and 1961–2024, capturing pre- and post-conflict dynamics. Key variables analyzed include cereal production, population growth, annual mean precipitation, average temperature, and 15th April 2023 war-induced displacement. The results reveal significant long-run equilibrium relationships among these variables, highlighting the severe impacts of climate change and conflict on agricultural productivity and food security. Findings demonstrate that a 1% increase in cereal production land correlates with a 1.18% rise in food security before the war, but this effect diminishes post-conflict due to displacement and land loss. Population growth, while a positive contributor in stable periods, becomes non-significant under conflict conditions. Climatic variables show substantial influence, with altered precipitation patterns and rising temperatures exacerbating food insecurity. The study concludes that food security in Sudan is deeply intertwined with its social, political and environmental context. Policy recommendations include promoting climate-resilient agricultural practices, rebuilding agricultural infrastructure, and adopting integrated strategies to address the combined impacts of climate change and conflict on food security. |
| Keywords: | ARDL model, Climate Change, Food security, 15th April War in Sudan |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–08–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125570 |
| By: | Andrianady, Josué R. |
| Abstract: | This study tests the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Madagascar using time-series data from 1990 to 2015. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality tests, we analyze the nexus between CO$_2$ emissions, economic growth, agricultural production, and trade openness. Results confirm a U-shaped EKC, with economic growth initially reducing emissions before increasing at higher income levels. Trade openness marginally reduces emissions, while agricultural production has no significant impact. Granger causality tests indicate that economic growth drives emissions. Policy recommendations include promoting trade in environmentally friendly goods and investing in clean energy to mitigate emissions. |
| Keywords: | EKC Hypothesis, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Economic Growth, ARDL, Granger Causality, Madagascar |
| JEL: | A1 Q4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125625 |
| By: | Gogova Lea; Hledik Juraj (European Commission - JRC); Klacso Jan |
| Abstract: | Climate change is expected to lead to more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts, which in turn increase physical risks. In this paper, we assess the direct exposure of Slovak banks' corporate loan portfolios to riverine flood risk. We propose several monitoring metrics and estimate exposures at risk due to riverine flooding. Our analysis leverages a comprehensive dataset that integrates flood risk maps from the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, cadastral data on firm properties, credit register data, and firms' financial statements. While a significant share of firms are located in flood-prone areas, only a subset are likely to face flood levels that exceed critical thresholds. Consequently, the direct impact of riverine flooding on corporate credit risk appears to be relatively moderate — with the estimated increase of exposure at default ranging from 2 to 10 basis points of the corporate loan portfolio under standard scenarios, and up to 50–60 basis points in conservative stress cases accounting for asset value declines. Under counterfactual scenarios assuming a fivefold increase in the frequency of floods, the estimated increase exceeds 1 percentage point of the loan portfolio. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrs:wpaper:202508 |
| By: | Magreth Felician Felix (Tanzania Revenue Authority); Ismail Abdi Changalima (UDOM - University of Dodoma [Tanzanie]); Goodluck Goldian Ntangeki (CBE - College of Business Education) |
| Abstract: | Despite the growing attention to sustainability in supply chain management, empirical evidence on how sustainable supply chain practices directly influence organizational performance, particularly from the perspective of developing countries, remains limited. To fill this gap, the study examines the influence of sustainable supplier management practices on organizational performance. The study relied on the data obtained through structured questionnaires from randomly selected 80 respondents from Dodoma quality furniture located in Dodoma city, Tanzania. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis in IBM SPSS version 25. The findings reveal that sustainable supplier management practices, including sustainable supplier selection, sustainable supplier integration, and sustainable supplier monitoring, are perceived as relevant in a manufacturing firm. Furthermore, the findings indicate that sustainable supplier selection, sustainable supplier integration, and sustainable supplier monitoring are positively and significantly related to organizational performance. These findings confirm that sustainable supplier management practices are critical determinants of organizational performance in the context of a manufacturing firm. The study emphasizes prioritizing sustainability in supply chain management to enhance long-term performance and gain a competitive edge in environmentally conscious markets. The positive role of sustainable supplier management practices on organizational performance urges policymakers to develop comprehensive policies supporting sustainable supplier practices, enabling organizations to achieve economic, environmental, and societal benefits while navigating competitive challenges. |
| Keywords: | Performance, sustainable supplier integration, sustainable supplier monitoring, sustainable supplier selection, sustainable supply chain management |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05153497 |
| By: | Monnin, Pierre; Feyertag, Joe; Robins, Nick; Wollenweber, Alexander |
| Abstract: | Sovereign bonds are central to aligning finance flows with the net zero transition required to meet the Paris Agreement temperature goals. This report aims to understand the system-wide context within which central banks can make a responsible contribution to this alignment. It reviews market innovations and challenges, considers existing practice and sets out robust options for action. |
| Keywords: | central banks; climate finace; climate risk; net zero transition; sovereign bond; sovereign debt |
| JEL: | F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2024–03–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129233 |
| By: | Helen Chiappini; Laura Nieri; Stefano Piser |
| Abstract: | This study investigates whether physical risk and transition risk factors affect South African bank lending behaviour. Results of baseline analysis suggest that physical climate risk negatively affects South African bank lending behaviour. Similarly, we find consistent results when considering climate transition risk proxied by the adoption of South Africas carbon tax in 2019. Finally, we find that the physical climate risk effect is stronger for commercial banks and tends to assume a non-linear U-shape effect. Our research provides one of the first empirical assessments of climate risk effects on the South African banking industry and includes useful suggestions for practitioners, policymakers and regulators. |
| Date: | 2025–08–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rbz:wpaper:11086 |
| By: | Dan Li; Vassili Kitsios; David Newth; Terence John O'Kane |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces a Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework within a fully probabilistic setting for crop yield estimation, model selection, and uncertainty forecasting under multiple future greenhouse gas emission scenarios. By informing on regional agricultural impacts, this approach addresses broader risks to global food security. Extending an established multivariate econometric crop-yield model to incorporate country-specific error variances, the framework systematically relaxes restrictive homogeneity assumptions and enables transparent decomposition of predictive uncertainty into contributions from climate models, emission scenarios, and crop model parameters. In both in-sample and out-of-sample analyses focused on global wheat production, the results demonstrate significant improvements in calibration and probabilistic accuracy of yield projections. These advances provide policymakers and stakeholders with detailed, risk-sensitive information to support the development of more resilient and adaptive agricultural and climate strategies in response to escalating climate-related risks. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.21559 |
| By: | Paola DOrazio; Torsten Schmidt; Maximilian Dirks |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates climate-related transition risks in the financial sectors of Botswana, Namibia, Mozambique and South Africa, focusing on exposure to carbon-intensive industries and the macrofinancial transmission of transition shocks. Drawing on sectoral loan allocation data, greenhouse gas emissions and transition risk metrics, the analysis applies the Climate Policy Relevant Sectors taxonomy, loan carbon intensity and a transition risk index to quantify financial sector vulnerabilities across the four economies. To assess the macrofinancial effects of transition risk shocks, a set of country-specific Bayesian vector autoregression models is estimated. The results reveal heterogeneous responses: while transition shocks lead to current account deterioration in Namibia and South Africa, trade volumes show resilience or expansion, particularly in Botswana. Credit supply and non-performing loans respond only modestly, with financial sector effects remaining limited and sensitive to identification strategies. The findings underscore the importance of integrating transition risk into financial supervisory frameworks. Enhancing climate-related prudential regulation through improved risk disclosure, stress testing and capital requirements for high-carbon exposures can strengthen financial system resilience and facilitate the reallocation of capital towards low-emission sectors. Aligning domestic regulatory practices with international climate finance standards will be essential to mitigate systemic risks and ensure stability during the transition to a low-carbon economy. |
| Date: | 2025–08–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rbz:wpaper:11085 |
| By: | Lucien Genge; Felix M\"usgens |
| Abstract: | Green ammonia is emerging as a strategic intermediary within green energy supply chains, serving effectively as both an industrial commodity and hydrogen carrier. This study provides a techno-economic analysis of green ammonia supply chains, comparing cost-effective pathways from global production to European consumers, and evaluates ammonia alongside alternative hydrogen carriers. Gaseous hydrogen consistently remains the most economical import option for Europe, though ammonia holds a narrowing cost advantage over liquid hydrogen (from 16 % in 2030 to 10 % by 2040). Competitive ammonia suppliers, notably Morocco, the United States, and the United Arab Emirates, benefit from low renewable energy costs, with significant price reductions expected by 2040, driven by falling costs for electricity, electrolysers, and conversion technologies. Optimal transport modes vary by consumer demand and distance: trucks are ideal for low demands at all distances, rail for medium ranges, and pipelines for high-demand scenarios. By 2040, ammonia will primarily serve direct-use applications, as hydrogen consumers increasingly shift to direct hydrogen supplies. Policymakers should prioritize pipeline infrastructure for hydrogen distribution, cautiously invest in ammonia's short- to medium-term infrastructure advantages, and limit long-term reliance on ammonia as a hydrogen carrier to mitigate stranded asset risks. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.02412 |
| By: | Ayushi Choudhary (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research); Rupayan Pal (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the implications of various forms of corruption-namely, grand corruption, petty corruption, and the cut-money culture-on the formulation and enforcement of regulatory policies. Focusing on quota regulation in the context of natural resource extraction, it demonstrates the following. In absence of cut-money culture, upward distortion in extraction quota in the equilibrium under only grand corruption is less (more) than that in case only petty corruption is possible, when the reduction in the firms' expected effective price under petty corruption is less (more) than the `discounted net marginal environmental damage' to price ratio under grand corruption. Interestingly, in absence of cut-money culture, petty corrupt never occurs in the equilibrium regardless of whether the policy maker is honest or corrupt. The threat of petty corruption induces the policy maker to inflate the quota, unless the policy maker is corrupt and he sufficiently discounts environmental damage due to extraction. Grand corruption occurs only in the later case. In contrast, when there is cut-money culture, corruption of at least one type always occur in the equilibrium. While the presence of cut-money culture reduces the equilibrium quota in some cases, in each of those cases it results in higher total extraction, greater environmental damage and lower welfare. Our r esults have important implications for designing corruption control mechanisms and the governance of natural resource extraction. |
| Keywords: | Quota Regulation, Grand Corruption, Petty Corruption, Cut-Money Culture, Natural Resource Extraction, Environmental Damage, Bribe |
| JEL: | D73 P28 P37 |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2025-017 |
| By: | Felix K\"ubler; Simon Scheidegger; Oliver Surbek |
| Abstract: | We develop a computational framework for deriving Pareto-improving and constrained optimal carbon tax rules in a stochastic overlapping generations (OLG) model with climate change. By integrating Deep Equilibrium Networks for fast policy evaluation and Gaussian process surrogate modeling with Bayesian active learning, the framework systematically locates optimal carbon tax schedules for heterogeneous agents exposed to climate risk. We apply our method to a 12-period OLG model in which exogenous shocks affect the carbon intensity of energy production, as well as the damage function. Constrained optimal carbon taxes consist of tax rates that are simple functions of observables and revenue-sharing rules that guarantee that the introduction of the taxes is Pareto improving. This reveals that a straightforward policy is highly effective: a Pareto-improving linear tax on cumulative emissions alone yields a 0.42% aggregate welfare gain in consumption-equivalent terms while adding further complexity to the tax provides only a marginal increase to 0.45%. The application demonstrates that the proposed approach produces scalable tools for macro-policy design in complex stochastic settings. Beyond climate economics, the framework offers a template for systematically analyzing welfare-improving policies in various heterogeneous-agent problems. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.01704 |
| By: | Robin Boadway; Katherine Cuff |
| Abstract: | We explore the efficiency of alternate allocations of responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions pricing policies in a small open economy federation. Emissions result from consumption and production of a tradeable dirty good, and their intensity depends on the emissions technology. National emissions have an imperceptible effect on global warming, so preferences for control are based on social norms which can differ depending on the allocation of policy responsibility. Policies include emissions taxes and permit trading systems. The costs of collecting emission taxes and administering a permit trading system are lower for the regional governments that the federal government because of informational advantages. Unlike the regions, the federal government internalizes the social costs of emissions borne by both regions. Both federal and regional optimal emission pricing policies are variants of Pigovian taxes. When regional governments are responsible for emissions policy and the federal government makes interregional income transfers, the timing of government decisions affects policies. |
| Keywords: | fiscal federalism, global warming, greenhouse gas pricing |
| JEL: | H23 H7 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12048 |
| By: | Jérémy Lavarenne (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Michel Vaksmann (UMR AGAP - Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier, Cirad-BIOS - Département Systèmes Biologiques - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); François Affholder (UPR AIDA - Agroécologie et intensification durables des cultures annuelles - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Cirad-PERSYST - Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Marie Ferré (UMR Innovation - Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Karine Nunes (Centre de recherche sur les circulations, les liens et les échanges - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales, ECODEVELOPPEMENT - Ecodéveloppement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Parc Naturel Régional des Monts d’Ardèche); Michael Dingkuhn (UMR AGAP - Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier, Cirad-BIOS - Département Systèmes Biologiques - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Fernando Antonio Macena da Silva (Embrapa - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - MAPA - Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] - Governo do Brasil); Agali Alhassane (CRA - Centre Régional AGRHYMET); Seydou Traoré (CRA - Centre Régional AGRHYMET); Benjamin Sultan (UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - AU - Avignon Université - UR - Université de La Réunion - UNC - Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie - UG - Université de Guyane - UA - Université des Antilles - UM - Université de Montpellier); Vincent Bonnal (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Mathieu Castets (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Alain Clopes (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Philippe Reitz (LIRMM - Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Henri Songoti (CRA - Centre Régional AGRHYMET); Francis Forest (Retraité, UPR 1 Couverts permanents - Systèmes de semis direct sous couverture végétale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Christian Baron (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement) |
| Abstract: | The SARRA (Regional Analysis System for Agroclimatic Risks) model family has been under development by the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) since the 1970s. Used in intertropical regions, the early versions of the model were designed to assess the impact of water stress—that is, the lack of accessible water for crops—on production and seedling losses. Their objectives were to improve risk estimation, optimize sowing management, and serve as a regional-scale early warning system for food security. Since the 2000s, the model has been increasingly used to analyze the impacts of climate change on agroclimatic risks. Several developments have enabled the integration of, on the one hand, the genetic characteristics of crops, and on the other hand, a better consideration of spatio-temporal dynamics, particularly through the use of remote sensing. Additionally, SARRA has gradually evolved from a descriptive model into a scenario-based anticipation tool, requiring structural transformations and the adoption of modern programming and versioning techniques to ensure traceability and reproducibility of simulations. Recognized for their simplicity, parsimony, and robustness, these models have proven effective for monitoring agricultural seasons, managing food security, and supporting decision-making in the face of climate risks. This article provides a retrospective analysis of their development, highlighting major innovations and their potential to guide resilient agricultural practices in response to current climate challenges. |
| Abstract: | La famille de modèles SARRA (Système d'Analyse Régional des Risques Agroclimatiques) est développée par le CIRAD depuis les années 1970. Utilisées dans les régions intertropicales, les premières versions du modèle permettaient d'évaluer l'impact des stress hydriques, c'est-à-dire le manque d'eau accessible par la culture, sur sa production ainsi que les pertes de semis. Elles avaient pour objectif d'améliorer l'estimation des risques, la gestion des semis et de servir de système d'alerte à l'échelle régionale pour la sécurité alimentaire. À partir des années 2000, le modèle a été sollicité pour analyser les effets du changement climatique sur les risques agroclimatiques. Plusieurs évolutions ont permis d'intégrer, d'une part, les caractéristiques génétiques des plantes et, d'autre part, une meilleure prise en compte des dynamiques spatio-temporelles, notamment par le biais de la télédétection. Par ailleurs, SARRA a progressivement évolué d'un modèle descriptif vers un outil d'anticipation et de simulation de scénarios, nécessitant des transformations structurelles et l'adoption de techniques modernes de programmation et de versioning afin d'assurer la traçabilité et la reproductibilité des simulations.Reconnus pour leur simplicité, parcimonie et robustesse, ces modèles se sont avérés efficaces pour le suivi des campagnes agricoles, la gestion de la sécurité alimentaire et la prise de décision face aux risques climatiques. Cet article propose une rétrospective de leur développement et met en lumière les innovations majeures ainsi que leur potentiel pour guider des pratiques agricoles résilientes face aux défis climatiques actuels. |
| Keywords: | crop modeling, rainfed farming, food security, climate change adaptation, agroclimatic zones, zones agroclimatiques, adaptation au changement climatique, sécurité alimentaire, agriculture pluviale, modélisation des cultures |
| Date: | 2025–06–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05046043 |
| By: | Sem Duijndam (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]); W. Botzen (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]); Liselotte Hagedoorn (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]); Marijn Ton (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]); Jens de Bruijn (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]); Silvina Carretero (CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires]); Jeanne Dachary-Bernard (UR ETTIS - Environnement, territoires en transition, infrastructures, sociétés - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Bénédicte Rulleau (UR ETTIS - Environnement, territoires en transition, infrastructures, sociétés - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Jeroen Aerts (VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]) |
| Abstract: | Climate change-induced sea-level rise and associated flood riskwill havemajor impacts on coastal regions worldwide, likely prompting millions of people to migrate elsewhere. Migration behavior is expected to be context-specific, but comparative empirical research on coastal migration under climate change is lacking. We address this gap by utilizing original survey data from coastal Argentina, France, Mozambique and the United States to research determinants of migration under different flood risk scenarios. Here we show that migration is more likely in higher-than in lower-income contexts, and that flood risk is an important driver of migration. Consistent determinants of migration across contexts include response efficacy, self-efficacy, place attachment and age, with variations between scenarios. Other factors such as climate change perceptions, migration costs, social networks, household income, and rurality are also important but context-specific. Furthermore, important trade-offs exist between migration and in-situ adaptation. These findings support policymakers in forging equitable migration pathways under climate change. |
| Date: | 2025–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05189058 |
| By: | Aldy, Joseph E. (Resources for the Future); Reinhardt, Forest L.; Stavins, Robert (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | There is growing recognition of the relative importance of anthropogenic emissions of methane as a contributor to global climate change. An important source of such emissions in some countries, including the United States, is the oil and gas (O&G) sector. This points to the importance of developing understanding of the marginal abatement cost functions for methane emissions reductions. Scholars have employed a diverse set of methodologies to estimate abatement costs, including engineering cost models, econometric analysis of natural gas markets, and statistical retrospective analysis of state-level regulation. We critically examine these approaches and synthesize their results. We find significant potential for low-cost methane abatement in the O&G sector in the United States and elsewhere, although claims of widespread negative abatement cost opportunities should be taken with a grain of salt. We also find that the potential for low-cost abatement is not without limit. Whereas it appears that cutting methane emissions in half would be relatively inexpensive, a sharp uptick in marginal abatement cost may occur when reductions exceed 60 to 80 percent below baseline levels. This threshold may change over time with technological advances in remote sensing, which can reduce abatement costs at various levels of ambition.Key Words: methane emissions; marginal abatement cost; climate change.JEL Classification Codes: Q52, Q54, Q58. |
| Date: | 2025–08–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-20 |
| By: | Nicholls, Mark |
| Abstract: | One of the defining features of the just transition is its potential to maximise the social opportunities of climate action, including by creating employment. In India, Ayana Renewable Power is combining the social need for decent work with business self-interest by developing skills development programmes for local people so they can participate in the growing clean energy economy – which in the country as a whole is set to generate hundreds of thousands of new jobs. |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–05–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129022 |
| By: | Leslie Shiell (Department of Economics, University of Ottawa, Canada) |
| Abstract: | In March 2015, the Canadian Prime Minister terminated the federal carbon price and rebate system, in response to widespread belief that the carbon price was a major factor in the ongoing affordability crisis. The previous autumn, the Parliamentary Budget Officer (PBO 2024) released a report indicating that, including both cash and economics effects, approximately 60% of households paid more on the carbon price than they received in the rebate, and therefore the average household across the eight affected provinces (all but BC and Quebec) was made worse off by the policy. However, there are several features of PBO (2024) which were apt to create confusion and lead to misunderstanding of the results, including: (i) vagueness about income levels, (ii) disproportionate emphasis on 2030 results, (iii) use of after-tax (disposable) income as the basis of analysis, (iv) use of average income, rather than median income, to summarize typical impact, and (v) lack of information on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at different income levels. We address these issues and provide a clearer picture of the distributional impacts of the carbon price and rebate system. In 2024-2025, the policy made 50% or more of households, in four of the eight affected provinces, better off financially, and all households were forecast to be better off by the final year of the policy, 2030-2031, than they were in 2024-2025, as standard growth factors were forecast to outweigh the modest costs associated with the policy. We conclude that, far from making most households worse off, the federal carbon price and rebate policy was an effective policy to counteract the affordability crisis among those who needed help the most, and of course it was forecast to result in important environmental benefits as well. |
| Keywords: | Canada’s carbon tax and rebate; distributional impact. |
| JEL: | H23 Q52 Q58 D31 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ott:wpaper:2505e |
| By: | Romero-Goyeneche Oscar Yandy; Ramirez Matias; Osorio-Garcia Ana Milena; Harman Canalle Ursula |
| Abstract: | This paper undertakes an analysis of deforestation in the Amazon area using a pathways-based approach to sustainability. We ground the analysis primarily in the sustainability transitions literature but also draw a bridge with socio-ecological concepts which helps us to understand the nature of transitions in this context. The concept of a deforestation system is developed by examining the interplay of infrastructure, technologies, narratives, and institutions. Drawing on a literature review and an in-depth case study of Puerto Maldonado in Madre de Dios, Peru, the paper identifies three pathways for addressing deforestation: optimisation, natural capital, and regenerative change. We suggest that while the optimisation pathway provides partial solutions through mitigation and compensation strategies, it often reinforces extractivist logics. The study also underscores the limitations of natural capital frameworks, which tend to rely on centralised governance and market-based instruments while lacking broader social engagement. In contrast, our findings emphasise the potential of regenerative strategies rooted in local agency, community-led experimentation, and context-sensitive institutional arrangements. The paper contributes to ongoing debates on biodiversity governance by illustrating how the spatial and long-term dynamics of deforestation interact, and why inclusive, territorially grounded pathways are crucial for bending the curve of biodiversity loss. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.06663 |
| By: | Carattini, Stefano; Huang, Hanwei; Pisch, Frank; Singh, Tejendra Pratap |
| Abstract: | Although the environmental impact of trade has been a long-standing concern, there is still only scant evidence on the channels through which international market access affects pollution. In this paper, we exploit the unique episode of China's world market integration in the early 2000s to provide direct empirical evidence on three such mechanisms. We combine granular satellite data on air pollution with detailed information on manufacturing firms and coal power plants, and leverage exogenous foreign demand shocks for identification. Three main findings emerge: exporting firms reduce local pollution (scope-1); pollution levels around coal power plants rise due to regional export shocks (scope-2); and upstream suppliers reduce pollution in the face of export demand shocks to downstream firms (scope-3). Our findings point to China's reliance on coal power plants to fuel its export-driven growth as one of the main drivers of the rise in pollution. |
| Keywords: | Trade, pollution, satellite, supply chain, coal power plants, electricity |
| JEL: | D22 F18 F64 H23 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usg:econwp:2025:04 |
| By: | Yi Jiang |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susphd:0324 |
| By: | Sagebiel, Julian; Cavallaro, Nino; Quaas, Martin |
| Abstract: | Despite the urgent need to preserve natural capital, little is known about the direct benefits people receive from it. Reliable benefit estimates are required to incorporate the complex values of natural capital in national capital accounting, cost-benefit analyses, project appraisal, and international policy agreements. The study employs a spatial-explicit choice experiment approach, which estimates benefits people receive from changes in natural capital conditional on the current endowment in their places of residence. Studying changes in protected areas and high nature value farmland across Germany, we identify significant use and non-use values of natural capital stocks. We find that the marginal values of natural capital are conditional on the spatial endowment and on whether the type of natural capital is use or non-use related. We use our estimates together with geographic information system data to aggregate and map the distribution of the demand for protected areas and high nature value farmland across Germany. The results are easily transferable to other regions and contexts and allow trading off the benefits and costs of restoring natural capital and biodiversity. Our findings enrich the discussion on the loss of natural capital and biodiversity and can significantly contribute to broader policy discussions in the context of the interlinked climate and biodiversity crises. |
| Keywords: | Natural Capital Valuation; Discrete Choice Experiment; Biodiversity Values; Spatial Preference Heterogeneity; Benefit Transfer |
| JEL: | Q28 Q50 Q51 Q57 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–06–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:125429 |
| By: | Megan Yeo; Sebastian Nosenzo; Sichen Shawn Chao; Ashley Nunes |
| Abstract: | Enabling battery technology has not achieved sufficient maturity to facilitate electric flight for all aircraft models across all distances. Consequently, existing discourse emphasizes electrifying short haul routes using smaller, lighter aircraft. Does this emphasis have merit. We estimate a model that addresses this question. Our findings are fourfold. First, we find that current energy density limitations impede short haul electric flight, regardless of aircraft model utilized. Second, we document that electrifying smaller, lighter aircraft models serving short haul routes may be particularly challenging as these aircraft require more, not less, acute increases in energy density. Third, we identify a subset of larger, heavier aircraft as better candidates for electrification and note that doing so could prevent the annual release of significant amounts of carbon dioxide equivalent. However, we observe that the regional benefits of electrification are highly heterogeneous. The largest emissions benefit is realized in Europe, followed by South America, North America, Oceania and Africa. Electrification flights originating in Asia produces a net increase in carbon emissions owing to the disproportionate share of miles claimed by Asian countries with a more carbon intensive electrical grid. Indian emissions warrant scrutiny, as its emissions contribution most disproportionately exceeds its mileage contribution. The implications of these findings for decarbonization policy are subsequently discussed. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.15075 |
| By: | Jose Cobian Alvarez; Budy Resosudarmo |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the effects of devastating flooding on household welfare in northern Peru. Remote sensing data are used to construct a novel damage index as a proxy for the local economic impact caused by the 2017 coastal El Niño floods. Using 5-year panel data from the Peruvian National Household Survey (ENAHO), we observe that affected households experience a decrease in income and expenditure compared to those in unaffected areas during the period 2015–2019. Additionally, poverty increases as a result of this natural hazard, especially among households in urban areas. Although there is a recovery in income and expenditure in the aftermath of the floods, households mitigate their consumption through donations of food and clothing. We suggest that, in a context where the occurrence of flooding affects the most vulnerable groups, the development of formal risk-coping strategies such as insurance is crucial for boosting their ability to reduce, mitigate, or adapt to future disaster risk. |
| JEL: | C23 O12 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pas:papers:2025-07 |
| By: | Joltreau, Eugénie; Sarmiento, Luis |
| Abstract: | Developing a circular economy through waste recycling has emerged as a paradigm for conserving nonrenewable resources. But what does implementing a circular economy mean in the context of globalized economies? Waste generated by consumption, including imports, often misaligns with national production and export material needs. This material mismatch, termed "material imbalances, " along with variations in waste disutility, costs, and access to virgin resources across countries, shapes local and international trade strategies related to waste. This paper offers a new perspective on recycling policies, emphasizing international trade and national material imbalances. We theoretically characterize the existence of a waste market for recycling and demonstrate that local recycling incentive policies can drive or reduce waste exports depending on their design. Additionally, we show both theoretically and empirically that relative material imbalances between countries are a key determinant of waste trade for recycling.JEL codes: Q53; H23; L33; L51Keywords: Circular Economy, International Trade of Waste, Environmental Policy |
| Date: | 2025–07–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-19 |
| By: | Virginie Hamm (BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières); Fenintsoa Andriamasinoro (BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières); Moustapha Mounmemi (LEO - Laboratoire d'Économie d'Orleans [2022-...] - UO - Université d'Orléans - UT - Université de Tours - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne); Xavier Galiègue (LEO - Laboratoire d'Économie d'Orleans [2022-...] - UO - Université d'Orléans - UT - Université de Tours - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne); Xavier Moch (AFPG - Association des professionnels de la géothermie); Frédérik Bugarel (CFG - Compagnie Française de Géothermie); Remi Beaulieu (AMORCE - AMORCE); Muriel Doucet (AgreenTech Valley - Le LAB’O); Thomas Schmit (AgreenTech Valley - Le LAB’O) |
| Abstract: | The Centre Val-de-Loire region sees deep geothermal energy as a virtuous energy solution for the region, but to date it has not been widely deployed. To encourage its use, the region has financed a research project of regional interest, called "AMIGO". The project is being co-ordinated by BRGM in partnership with LEO (Laboratoire d'Économie d'Orléans), AFPG (Association Française des Professionnels de la Géothermie), AMORCE (Association d'accompagnement des collectivités et des acteurs dans la transition énergétique) and AgreenTech Valley (national cluster dedicated to digital technologies for plant-based industries). Its aim is to draw up a set of arguments to help local authorities and private-sector players in the region to choose between the various possible sources of renewable energy for district heating networks, industrial processes or heating crops in greenhouses. To develop this argument, the phases of the project are: (1) to understand the position of the stakeholders with regard to deep geothermal energy, and (2) to gather the key information in the territorial context (socio-economic and environmental aspects of a deep geothermal energy project, information on the geothermal resource, demand for heat in the territory). This article presents the progress made in the process of constructing the argument, in particular the results of (1) the analysis of the positioning of stakeholders in the region and (2) the economic and environmental analysis of a deep geothermal energy project. |
| Abstract: | La géothermie profonde est vue par la région Centre Val-de-Loire comme une solution énergétique vertueuse pour le territoire, cependant, à ce jour, elle y reste peu déployée. Aussi, pour favoriser sa mise en œuvre, la région a financé un projet de recherche d'intérêt régional, appelé « AMIGO ». Ce projet est coordonné par le BRGM en partenariat avec le LEO (Laboratoire d'Économie d'Orléans), l'AFPG (Association Française des Professionnels de la Géothermie), l'AMORCE (Association d'accompagnement des collectivités et des acteurs dans la transition énergétique) et AgreenTech Valley (Cluster national dédié aux technologies numériques pour les filières végétales). Il a pour objectif d'établir un argumentaire pour aider les collectivités locales et les acteurs privés de la région à choisir entre les différentes sources d'énergie renouvelable possibles pour les réseaux de chauffage urbain, les processus industriels ou le chauffage des cultures sous serres. Pour développer cet argumentaire, les phases du projet sont : (1) comprendre le positionnement des acteurs vis-à-vis de la géothermie profonde, et (2) rassembler les informations clés dans le contexte territorial (aspects socio-économiques et environnementaux d'un projet de géothermie profonde, informations sur la ressource géothermale, demande de chaleur sur le territoire). Cet article présente les avancées dans le processus de construction de l'argumentaire, en particulier les résultats (1) de l'analyse du positionnement des acteurs de la région et (2) de l'analyse économique et environnementale d'un projet de géothermie profonde. |
| Keywords: | leviers, argumentaire, atouts, serristes, industriels, énergies renouvelables, collectivités, Région Centre-Val de Loire, freins, géothermie profond |
| Date: | 2025–06–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05044110 |
| By: | Dominique Desbois (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, LEF - Laboratoire d'Economie Forestière - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - AgroParisTech, Département EcoSocio - Département Économie et Sciences Sociales pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | With 2050 as its horizon, the focus of this 2025 edition of Déméter is resolutely forward-looking. This horizon serves as a framework for proposing multisectoral reflections on the possible futures of agriculture and agri-food, and their likely impacts in light of current demographic and environmental realities. A series of articles outline the various concerns of the editorial committee members on global agricultural and food issues. The book is organized into three parts: "Agrospheres" analyzes the geo-economic transformations at work, focusing on technological innovations, socio-demographic issues, and climate emergencies; "Regards d'avenir" (Looking to the future) focuses on Pakistan—the fifth most populous country in the world—red fruits, rapidly expanding on-demand products, and genetic resource banks, which preserve our food resources; "Repères" (Benchmarks) documents the French markets for nuts, medicinal and aromatic plants, carbon, and finally French food consumption. |
| Abstract: | Con el año 2050 como horizonte, la orientación de esta edición 2025 de Déméter es decididamente prospectiva. Este horizonte sirve de marco para proponer reflexiones multisectoriales sobre los posibles futuros de la agricultura y la agroalimentación, y sus probables repercusiones a la luz de las realidades actuales en materia de demografía y medio ambiente. Una serie de «artículos» detallan las diferentes preocupaciones de los miembros del comité editorial sobre las cuestiones agrícolas y alimentarias mundiales. La obra se divide en tres partes: «Agrosferas» analiza las transformaciones geoeconómicas en curso, centrándose en las innovaciones tecnológicas, los retos sociodemográficos y las urgencias climáticas; «Perspectivas de futuro» se centra en Pakistán, el quinto país más poblado del mundo, las frutas rojas, productos de demanda en rápida expansión, y los bancos de recursos genéticos, conservatorios de nuestros recursos alimentarios; «Referencias» documenta el mercado francés de los frutos secos, el de las plantas medicinales y aromáticas, el del carbono y, por último, el del consumo alimentario francés. |
| Abstract: | Avec 2050 pour horizon, l'orientation de cette édition 2025 du Déméter est résolument prospective. Cet horizon sert de cadrage pour proposer des réflexions multisectorielles sur les possibles futurs de l'agriculture et de l'agroalimentaire, et leurs impacts probables à l'aune des réalités actuelles concernant la démographie et l'environnement. Des « billets » précisent les différentes préoccupations des membres du comité de rédaction sur les problématiques agricoles et alimentaires mondiales. L'ouvrage est organisé en trois parties : « Agrosphères » analyse les transformations géoéconomiques à l'œuvre, ciblant les innovations technologiques, les enjeux socio-démographiques et les urgences climatiques ; « Regards d'avenir » dirige la focale sur le Pakistan – cinquième État le plus peuplé au monde –, les fruits rouges, produits à la demande en expansion rapide, et les banques de ressources génétiques, conservatoires de nos ressources alimentaires ; « Repères » documente le marché français des noix, celui des plantes médicinales et aromatiques, celui du carbone, et enfin celui de la consommation alimentaire française. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Food, Environment, Rural Economy, Rural Sociology, Prospective, Agricultura, Alimentación, Entorno, Economía rural, Sociología rural, Prospectivo, Alimentation, Environnement, Economie rurale, Sociologie rurale |
| Date: | 2025–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05189776 |
| By: | Wang, Jodi Ann; Robins, Nick |
| Abstract: | This report consists of a submission by the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment on different elements of the UNFCCC work programme on just transition pathways (JTWP). Agreement on the JTWP at COP27 marked a significant step forward for delivering climate action in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement. Since COP28, the political profile of the just transition has risen among high-level political actors, decision-makers, and civil society stakeholders. The Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and Environment and our new Just Transition Finance Lab welcome the new programme as a strategic tool for mainstreaming social justice throughout climate decision-making at all levels, everywhere. In this submission, we provide views on work to be undertaken, along with possible topics for dialogues, under the JTWP. The submission is a follow-up to Professor Nick Robins’ presentation at the ‘First Annual High-level Ministerial roundtable on just transition’, which was held on 3 December 2023 at COP28 in Dubai. |
| Keywords: | COP27; COP28; just transition; Just Transition Finance Lab; just transition pathways; Just Transition Work Programme; UAE; United Arab Emirates |
| JEL: | R14 J01 N0 |
| Date: | 2024–02–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129177 |
| By: | Scheer, Antonina; Robins, Nick |
| Abstract: | Extraction is at the heart of the just transition challenge: both a just phaseout of coal mining and a just expansion of mining for minerals critical to the low-carbon transition are required. The scale and complexity of this task requires informed and proactive investor participation in shifting the mining sector towards more sustainable and equitable practices. This report takes forward a sector-specific approach to elaborate the priorities for a just transition in the mining sector and the levers that investors have at their disposal to drive action. |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–08–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129013 |
| By: | Mani, Sneha; Gupta, Aashish; Elo, Irma |
| Abstract: | Scientific understanding of the relationship between environmental hazards and cognitive health at older ages in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is poor. Using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study of India and the World Health Organization's Survey on Global AGEing and adult health for four LMICs, we examine the association of direct and local exposure to polluting cooking fuels with cognitive health at older ages. We document the negative influence of both: cognitive health is poorer among members of households that use polluting fuels and among residents of neighborhoods where the use of polluting fuels is more common. These associations cannot be explained by accounting for individual or local differences in socioeconomic status. Consistent with direct impacts of polluting fuels, we find that women in households where the use of polluting fuels is common have the lowest predicted cognitive scores. Our findings reveal the substantial direct influence and negative externalities of polluting fuel use in LMICs and help understand why overall cognitive health may be poor in these settings. Moving away from polluting fuels toward clean fuels may not only reduce individual risk but also community-level exposure to air pollution, contributing to better cognitive health in older ages. |
| Date: | 2025–06–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:73nyb_v1 |
| By: | Mr. Zamid Aligishiev; Daria Kolpakova |
| Abstract: | Peru is highly exposed to periodic El Niño Costero events, which impair production in the country’s fishing, agriculture, and construction sectors, as well as inflict sizeable damages to physical assets. Moreover, rising average temperatures are expected to diminish productivity in agriculture, fisheries, and energy. Without efforts to strengthen its adaptive capacity, the country remains highly vulnerable to such acute and chronic physical risks in the long term. This paper combines a Markov-switching DSGE model with empirical estimates of losses from such risks to conduct a scenario analysis of their macro-fiscal implications. We find that cumulative income losses could reach up to 18.6 percent by 2050 and 50.6 percent by 2100. The analysis further shows that scaling up investments in structural resilience and adaptation can partially mitigate these losses—raising output by up to 12.3 percent by 2050 and 31 percent by 2100—while also generating long-term fiscal savings. |
| Keywords: | El Niño; Weather shocks; Structural resilience; Acute physical risk; Chronic physical risk; El Niño shock; scenario analysis; anomaly in El Niño; temperature anomaly; building macroeconomic resilience; investment needs; Climate change; Natural disasters; Potential output; Global; Caribbean |
| Date: | 2025–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2025/144 |
| By: | Mathilde Marchand (LATTS - Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Gustave Eiffel - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris); François-Mathieu Poupeau (LATTS - Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Gustave Eiffel - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris) |
| Abstract: | This article looks at the role played by the regions in energy and climate planning in France. Through an analysis of the implementation of the regional plans for land use, sustainable development and territorial equality (SRADDET) created by the 2015 NOTRe law, it shows that this level of government is struggling to assert its capacity for strategic action in the face of three types of stakeholders. First of all, the State continues to play a framing role, which is most apparent upstream in the process, in its desire to restrict the Regions to the role of relaying national guidelines. Secondly, network operators are seeking to retain their autonomy of action by developing their own planning strategies. Finally, sub-regional authorities are contesting the territorialisation of the plans, in the name of respect for the free administration of local authorities. The process of drawing up the SRADDETs thus reflects a balance of power that is unfavourable to the regions, and reflects the still-fragile position they currently occupy in the governance of energy and climate. |
| Abstract: | Cet article s'intéresse au rôle joué par les Régions dans la planification de l'énergie-climat en France. À travers l'analyse de la mise en œuvre des Schémas régionaux d'aménagement, de développement durable et d'égalité des territoires (Sraddet) créés par loi NOTRe de 2015, il montre que cet échelon peine à affirmer sa capacité d'action stratégique, face à trois types d'acteurs. L'État, tout d'abord, continue d'exercer un rôle de cadrage, qui se manifeste surtout en amont du processus, dans la volonté de circonscrire les Régions à une fonction de relais des orientations nationales. Les gestionnaires de réseaux, ensuite, cherchent à conserver une autonomie d'action en développant leur propre stratégie de planification. Les collectivités infrarégionales, enfin, contestent la territorialisation des schémas, au nom du respect de libre administration des collectivités locales. Le processus d'élaboration des Sraddet reflète ainsi un rapport de force défavorable aux Régions et traduit la place encore fragile qu'elles occupent actuellement dans la gouvernance de l'énergie-climat. |
| Keywords: | energy-climate, planification, territorialisation, State Régions, gouvernance, énergie-climat, État, Régions |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-05196261 |
| By: | Vanille Ecrement (ITE - Institut de la Transition Environnementale - SU - Sorbonne Université, GRIPIC - Groupe de recherches interdisciplinaires sur les processus d’information et de communication - SU - Sorbonne Université) |
| Keywords: | Overshoot, Climate change mitigation, Capitalism, Models, Scenarios |
| Date: | 2025–07–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05191190 |
| By: | Probowo Erawan Sastroredjo; Marcel Ausloos; Polina Khrennikova |
| Abstract: | Our research investigates the relationship between eco-innovation and earnings management among 567 firms listed on the FTSE All-Share Index from 2014 to 2022. By examining how sustainability-driven innovation influences financial reporting practices, we explore the strategic motivations behind income smoothing in firms engaged in environmental initiatives. The findings reveal a positive association between eco-innovation and earnings management, suggesting that firms may leverage ecoinnovation not only for environmental signalling but also to project financial stability and meet stakeholder expectations. The analysis further uncovers that the propensity for earnings management is amplified in firms facing financial constraints, proxied by low Whited-Wu (WW) scores and weak sales performance, and in those characterised by high financial opacity. We employ a robust multi-method approach to address potential endogeneity and selection bias, including entropy balancing, propensity score matching (PSM), and the Heckman Test correction. Our research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the dual strategic role of ecoinnovation -balancing sustainability signalling with earnings management, under varying financial conditions. The findings offer actionable insights for regulators, investors, and policymakers navigating the intersection of corporate transparency, financial health, and environmental responsibility. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.14935 |
| By: | Belloc, Ignacio (University of Zaragoza); Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio (University of Zaragoza); Molina, José Alberto (University of Zaragoza) |
| Abstract: | Understanding the determinants of worker effort is central, as even small changes in productivity can have significant implications for economic growth and labor market performance. This study examines the relationship between extreme temperatures and work effort—proxied by non-work time while at the workplace—using the ATUS 2003–2019. Results indicate that extremely hot days (? 100ºF) are related to increased time spent at work not working, particularly among women in non-supervised occupations. On these days, women in non-supervised occupations spend 6.79 more minutes at work not working compared to comfortable temperature days. Men, by contrast, do not exhibit significant changes in non-work time at work. Furthermore, the results align with increased worker bargaining power during economic expansions, which facilitates labor supply adjustments on extremely hot days, and with hypotheses regarding adaptation and acclimation to high temperatures in warmer counties. These findings underscore the relevance of temperature as a determinant of worker effort, reveal a previously overlooked margin of labor adjustment, and highlight the moderating role of occupational supervision in shaping behavioral responses to environmental stressors. |
| Keywords: | non-work time at work, temperature, climate change, supervision, ATUS |
| JEL: | J16 J22 J24 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18038 |
| By: | Griffith, Rhianydd; Nicholls, Mark |
| Abstract: | This report explores the barriers and opportunities associated with scaling up net zero investment at the local authority level in the UK. By examining the experiences of two contrasting but ambitious councils, Westminster City Council and Cumberland Council, it aims to identify context-specific opportunities for local net zero projects and how to advance investment readiness, and assesses the enabling policy environment at the two councils. In so doing, it provides insights for those and other local authorities seeking to accelerate their transition to net zero. The project draws on workshops held with investors and council stakeholders, plus analysis from Energy Systems Catapult and the University of Edinburgh. |
| JEL: | F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2024–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129011 |
| By: | Acocella, Angela (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Cruijssen, Frans (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Fransoo, Jan C. (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:713aa20a-9e80-46e2-95df-dc6c281aa846 |
| By: | Hill, Peter |
| Abstract: | This report focuses on the UK’s foreign, development and economic policies as they relate to climate. In examining the world as it may develop over the next decade in order to illuminate decisions needed in the short term, it argues that governments, including the UK’s new government, should treat climate as a first order geopolitical issue and examines the UK’s role and required actions within this context. |
| Keywords: | renewables; UK; China; COP29; critical minerals; finance; multilateral development banks; net zero transition; polling; public opinion; geopolitics; MDBs; global economy |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–09–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129078 |
| By: | Carlos G\'oes; Otavio Concei\c{c}\~ao; Gabriel Lara Ibarra; Gladys Lopez-Acevedo |
| Abstract: | What is the environmental impact of exports? Focusing on 2000-20, this paper combines customs, administrative, and census microdata to estimate employment elasticities with respect to exports. The findings show that municipalities that faced increased exports experienced faster growth in formal employment. The elasticities were 0.25 on impact, peaked at 0.4, and remained positive and significant even 10 years after the shock, pointing to a long and protracted labor market adjustment. In the long run, informal employment responds negatively to export shocks. Using a granular taxonomy for economic activities based on their environmental impact, the paper documents that environmentally risky activities have a larger share of employment than environmentally sustainable ones, and that the relationship between these activities and exports is nuanced. Over the short run, environmentally risky employment responds more strongly to exports relative to environmentally sustainable employment. However, over the long run, this pattern reverses, as the impact of exports on environmentally sustainable employment is more persistent. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.03855 |
| By: | Premyanov, Nikolay; Roma-Athanasiadou, Elli; Metta, Julie (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Tsoniotis, Nikolaos; Angelidou, Margarita; Tsolakis, Apostolos |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:6d28810e-f503-4e9e-9737-79549dbcfe92 |
| By: | María José Arteaga Garavito; Riccardo Colacito; Mariano Max Croce; Biao Yang |
| Abstract: | We develop novel high-frequency indices that measure climate attention across a wide range of developed and emerging economies. By analyzing the text of over 23 million Tweets published by leading national newspapers, we find that a country experiencing more severe climate news shocks tends to see both an inflow of capital and an appreciation of its currency. In addition, brown stocks experience large and persistent negative returns after a global climate news shock if located in highly exposed countries. A risk-sharing model in which investors price climate news shocks and trade consumption and investment goods in global markets rationalizes these findings. |
| JEL: | F3 F4 G1 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34084 |
| By: | Lucas W. Davis; Paul Gertler |
| Abstract: | A common theme in the vast literature on climate change is the estimation of models using historical data to make predictions many decades into the future. Although there is a large and growing number of these types of studies, researchers rarely return later to check the accuracy of their predictions. In this paper, we perform such an exercise. In Davis and Gertler (2015), we used household-level microdata from Mexico to predict future air conditioning adoption as a function of income and temperature. Revisiting these predictions with 12 years of additional data, we find that air conditioning in Mexico has accelerated, significantly exceeding our predictions. Neither errors in predicting income growth or rising temperatures, nor migration patterns, nor an overly restrictive model can explain the large prediction gap. Instead, our results point to the failure to account for falling electricity prices and technological changes in air conditioner efficiency as key drivers of the prediction gap. |
| JEL: | D12 H23 Q40 Q41 Q47 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34101 |
| By: | Chen Yujia; Ding Zhenghong; Barbaglia Luca (European Commission - JRC); Calabrese Raffaella; Fatica Serena (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "This paper assesses the impact of floods on credit to European small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using a discrete-time survival model. We find a statistically significant relationship between the default probability of loans to SMEs and floods occurring in the region where the firm is located. We propose a micro-level stress testing exercise to assess the performance of small business loans under different climate scenarios.Our results allow us to identify the European regions with heightened vulnerability under a stressed climate scenario and to quantify the impacts upon individual firms in terms of increases in loan default probability." |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrs:wpaper:202506 |
| By: | Anthony Wiskich |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the potential long-run effects of autonomous and electric vehicles, and a carbon tax, on personal domestic aviation demand in Australia. We estimate a discrete choice disutility model with two travel modes – car and air – using Australian National Visitor Survey data and Bayesian priors. We use multiplicative Fréchet errors, consistent with a constant elasticity of substitution utility function for a representative consumer of both modes. An elasticity of substitution of almost 4 replicates the observed transition to air travel as distances increase. Combining in turn electrification, autonomy, the use of overnight robotaxis, a 10 kph increase in average car speeds, and an AUS$200/tCO2e carbon tax leads to air passenger reductions of 5%, 19%, 22%, 28% and 43%, respectively. Reductions are highest for shorter flights, so aggregate emissions do not decline as much as passenger numbers, while the number of aircraft trips declines more. |
| Keywords: | aviation economics, autonomous vehicles, decarbonisation, discrete choice travel model |
| JEL: | O33 Q40 Q54 R40 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2025-48 |
| By: | Andres Rodriguez-Pose; Zhuoying You; Peter Teirlinck |
| Abstract: | This This paper explores the relationship between support for extreme political parties and research and innovation across regions in the European Union (EU). Extreme parties often exhibit deep scepticism towards expertise and science, with extreme right-wing parties, in particular, challenging the legitimacy of climate change; an attitude that may weaken green research and innovation. We draw on data from 1, 137 EU regions —including scientific publication and patent records— and apply Tobit regression models to find that stronger support for extreme parties is associated with lower levels of scientific research and technological innovation, both overall and in their green forms. While this pattern is visible across the political spectrum, important differences emerge. Support for extreme right-wing parties is consistently tied to reduced research output and innovation performance, particularly in green technological sectors. By contrast, the relationship with extreme left-wing support is more variable, depending on the degree of radicalism, and shows no consistent negative connection with green innovation. |
| Keywords: | research, innovation, climate change, extreme parties, regions, Europe |
| JEL: | D72 D74 O32 O33 R10 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:2525 |
| By: | Lorenz Goette; Zhi Hao Lim |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the potential for behavioral interventions aimed at promoting resource conservation within one domain to induce spillovers in another. Through a large-scale natural field experiment involving around 2, 000 residents, we assess the direct and spillover effects of real-time feedback and social comparisons on water and energy consumption. Three interventions were implemented: two targeting shower use and one targeting air-conditioning use. We document a significant reduction in shower use attributable to both water-saving interventions, but no direct effects on air-conditioning use from the energy-saving intervention. For spillovers, we precisely estimated null effects on air-conditioning use arising from the water-saving interventions, and vice versa. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.04371 |
| By: | Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés; You, Zhuoying; Teirlinck, Peter |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the relationship between support for extreme political parties and research and innovation across regions in the European Union (EU). Extreme parties often exhibit deep scepticism towards expertise and science, with extreme right-wing parties, in particular, challenging the legitimacy of climate change; an attitude that may weaken green research and innovation. We draw on data from 1137 EU regions —including scientific publication and patent records— and apply Tobit regression models to find that stronger support for extreme parties is associated with lower levels of scientific research and technological innovation, both overall and in their green forms. While this pattern is visible across the political spectrum, important differences emerge. Support for extreme right-wing parties is consistently tied to reduced research output and innovation performance, particularly in green technological sectors. By contrast, the relationship with extreme left-wing support is more variable, depending on the degree of radicalism, and shows no consistent negative connection with green innovation. |
| Keywords: | research; innovation; climate change; extreme parties; regions; Europe |
| JEL: | D72 D74 O32 O33 R10 |
| Date: | 2025–08–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129232 |
| By: | David Cayla (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage) |
| Abstract: | La combustion de ressources fossiles pour produire de l'énergie est l'activité humaine la plus émettrice de gaz à effet de serre (GES). Pour limiter son impact environnemental, il serait théoriquement possible d'agir sur deux leviers : diminuer globalement notre consommation d'énergie dans une logique de décroissance ou décarboner sa production. Si une diminution de la consommation est envisageable dans les pays développés, elle ne l'est pas pour les pays en développement ou à l'échelle du monde. Aussi, cette contribution entend étudier les conditions économiques et institutionnelles requises par la décarbonation du secteur énergétique, étant entendu que, dans les pays développés, des efforts de sobriété seront sans doute nécessaires. |
| Keywords: | Décarbonation, changement climatique, néolibéralisme |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-05178224 |
| By: | Donia Besher; Anirban Sengupta; Tanujit Chakraborty |
| Abstract: | Forecasting Climate Policy Uncertainty (CPU) is essential as policymakers strive to balance economic growth with environmental goals. High levels of CPU can slow down investments in green technologies, make regulatory planning more difficult, and increase public resistance to climate reforms, especially during times of economic stress. This study addresses the challenge of forecasting the US CPU index by building the Bayesian Structural Time Series (BSTS) model with a large set of covariates, including economic indicators, financial cycle data, and public sentiments captured through Google Trends. The key strength of the BSTS model lies in its ability to efficiently manage a large number of covariates through its dynamic feature selection mechanism based on the spike-and-slab prior. To validate the effectiveness of the selected features of the BSTS model, an impulse response analysis is performed. The results show that macro-financial shocks impact CPU in different ways over time. Numerical experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of the BSTS model with exogenous variables on the US CPU dataset over different forecasting horizons. The empirical results confirm that BSTS consistently outperforms classical and deep learning frameworks, particularly for semi-long-term and long-term forecasts. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.12276 |
| By: | Selvaraju, Sangeeth; Robins, Nick |
| Abstract: | This briefing examines the just transition agenda at the Port Talbot steel works, South Wales, and compares the UK experience with steps to achieve green steel in other European countries. It closes with lessons and recommendations for action by the UK and Welsh governments, for Tata Steel and similar companies, and for the financial system. |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–06–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129021 |
| By: | Scheer, Antonina |
| Abstract: | This is a response to a call for submissions issued by the UN Secretary-General’s Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals to help the Panel develop stronger and clearer principles and actionable recommendations for guidance to stakeholders across the critical energy transition minerals value chains and speed up their implementation. The Panel made this call for submissions to inform its development of principles and actionable recommendations for implementation under four different workstreams, which will feed into ‘final overarching outcomes’ ahead of the UN General Assembly in September 2024. |
| Keywords: | capital markets; development finance; institutional investors; energy; industry; global; financial instruments and strategies; policy; regulation |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–08–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129014 |
| By: | Agramont, Daniel |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the evolving geopolitical dynamics surrounding critical raw materials (CRMs), with a focus on Latin America and the European Union's (EU) attempt to secure access to these resources amid intensifying competition with China. Drawing from trade statistics, foreign investment trends, and institutional strategies, the study assesses the EU’s renewed interest in Latin America through the Global Gateway and the Win-Win Partnership frameworks. While China's economic footprint in the region is deeply entrenched through its South-South cooperation model, the EU seeks to reposition itself as a viable partner by leveraging environmental and governance standards. The analysis identifies key minerals—particularly lithium, copper, and lead—where dependency and vulnerability are highest, and where strategic diversification is urgently needed. Ultimately, the paper argues that the EU’s success will depend on its ability to implement a more flexible and pragmatic strategy, balancing its normative approach with tangible development outcomes for Latin American partners. |
| Keywords: | geopolitics; critical raw materials; EU-Latin America; energy transition |
| JEL: | F14 F59 Q34 O13 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129191 |
| By: | Assane Ka (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Sérigne Modou Sarr (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Alioune Badara Diop (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Aliousseyni Ly (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Pape Diène Faye (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey, Université Senghor [Alexandria]); Ousmane Cissé (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Mamadou Sy (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Daouda Ngom (UCAD - Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar [Sénégal]); Bernard Riéra (MECADEV - Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The Sangomar Marine Protected Area (AMPS) plays an important socio-economic, ecological and cultural role. However, since its creation, little information exists on its total economic value, which is generally difficult for local people to perceive. This study is a contribution to the assessment of the economic value of the AMPS. To do this, surveys were carried out in three villages of Dionewar (Dionewar, Falia and Niodior) using focus groups for all types of ecosystem service with specific socio-professional categories, fisheries services and managers. The criteria measured concerned the identification of stakeholders, the population's perception of the services and their monetary value. The results show that the majority of stakeholders in the AMPS are fishermen (48%), carters (42%) and women who process fish and forest products (29%). A total of 19 ecosystem services were inventoried, and divided into 4 categories (provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services). The most important services in terms of scores were nursery (8.71), soil formation (8.43) and the water cycle (8.38). The total economic value of the AMPS was estimated at 2, 808, 323, 563 FCFA, with regulating services having the highest value (61.87%), followed by provisioning services (22.53%). These results should serve as a decision-making tool to raise awareness of the importance of the AMPS among the population and political decision-makers. |
| Keywords: | Ecosystem Services, Total Economic Value, Sangomar Marine Protected Area, Economic Valuation, Dionewar Municipality |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05197504 |
| By: | Lauro Nogueira (Postgraduate Program in Economics PPE/UERN - CCSAH/UFERSA); Fábio Lúcio Rodrigues (Postgraduate Program in Economics PPE/UERN); Wallace Patrick Santos de Farias Souza (Postgraduate Program in Economics PPGE-UFPB); Jevuks Matheus de Araújo (Postgraduate Program in Economics PPGE-UFPB) |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to investigate how water scarcity and periods of drought can affect firearm homicide rates in the Brazilian semi-arid region between 2002 and 2020. To this end, the methodology of inference in counterfactual distributions proposed by Chernozhukov, Fernández-Val and Melly (2013) was employed. The main findings indicate that periods of severe drought have a significant impact on homicide rates in the semi-arid region. These effects are more pronounced when associated with factors such as the presence of rural municipalities and the migration process. In other words, there is strong evidence that drought in the hinterlands/countryside contributes to the increase in crime rates in both urban and rural municipalities. Additionally, the decomposition of the results revealed that periods of extreme drought, coupled with other unfavorable factors, act as triggers for the increase in homicide rates in the Brazilian semi-arid region, significantly exacerbating conditions of vulnerability during these adverse climatic shocks. |
| Keywords: | Water Scarcity; Drought; Homicide Rate; Brazilian Semiarid. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:nereus:021486 |
| By: | Zhang, Hulai (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:f757e17c-febf-407a-9957-40256cf759a7 |
| By: | Elmallakh, Nelly Youssef Louis William; Gatti, Roberta V.; Islam, Asif Mohammed; Mousa, Mennatallah Emam Mohamed Sayed |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the long-term impacts of early-life drought exposure on the human capital and socioeconomic outcomes of women born in the Arab Republic of Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco across more than five decades. Using a pooled cross-section of 13 rounds of the Demographic and Health Surveys, the paper demonstrates that early childhood drought exposure significantly hinders female education, leading to lower educational attainment, increased illiteracy, and reduced likelihood of secondary school completion. These adverse effects are concentrated among women from rural households, suggesting that drought impacts operate through disruptions to agricultural livelihoods. Furthermore, the paper finds that early-life drought exposure is associated with reduced adult height, an increased likelihood of early marriage, and continued engagement in agricultural labor. This study provides novel evidence on the enduring human costs of climate variability in the Middle East and North Africa region, highlighting the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to mitigate the socioeconomic vulnerabilities of rural women in the face of climate change. |
| Date: | 2025–08–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11190 |
| By: | Haibo Wang |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the risk factors around investing in global supply chain infrastructure: the energy market, investor sentiment, and global shipping costs. It presents portfolio strategies associated with dynamic risks. A time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) model is used to study the spillover and interconnectedness of the risk factors for global supply chain infrastructure portfolios from January 5th, 2010, to June 29th, 2023, which are associated with a set of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indexes. The effects of extreme events on risk spillovers and investment strategy are calculated and compared before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. The results of this study demonstrate that risk shocks influence the dynamic connectedness between global supply chain infrastructure portfolios and three risk factors and show the effects of extreme events on risk spillovers and investment outcomes. Portfolios with higher ESG scores exhibit stronger dynamic connectedness with other portfolios and factors. Net total directional connectedness indicates that West Texas Intermediate (WTI), Baltic Exchange Dry Index (BDI), and investor sentiment volatility index (VIX) consistently are net receivers of spillover shocks. A portfolio with a ticker GLFOX appears to be a time-varying net receiver and giver. The pairwise connectedness shows that WTI and VIX are mostly net receivers. Portfolios with tickers CSUAX, GII, and FGIAX are mostly net givers of spillover shocks. The COVID-19 outbreak changed the structure of dynamic connectedness on portfolios. The mean value of HR and HE indicates that the weights of long/short positions in investment strategy after the COVID-19 outbreak have undergone structural changes compared to the period before. The hedging ability of global supply chain infrastructure investment portfolios with higher ESG scores is superior. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.04858 |
| By: | Bryan, Calvin; Donovan, Pierce; Kacker, Kanishka; Pham, Linh |
| Abstract: | Fabra and Imelda (2023) study how the method of payment for renewable energy can reduce the ability of energy producers to exert market power in electricity markets. Their theoretical model provides predictions for dominant and fringe firm behavior under incentives using fixed prices or market exposure. Across several reported specifications, they measure the price depressing effects under both economic instruments. The authors find that in the case of the Spanish electricity market, fixed prices for renewables mitigate market power more than exposure to market pricing. We successfully computationally reproduce 100% of the main claims of the paper. We then explore the robustness of these findings to a placebo event test and modeling choices concerning seasonality and sample selection. These robustness checks typically replicate the main findings of the original paper in sign, but consistently reduce the magnitude and statistical significance of measured results. |
| Keywords: | market power, forward contracts, arbitrage, renewables |
| JEL: | L13 L94 L98 Q42 Q48 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:258 |
| By: | Amal Belghazi (ENA - Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès); Zakaria Kadiri (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca = University of Hassan II Casablanca = جامعة الحسن الثاني (ar)); Mostafa Errahj (ENA - Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès); Elhassane Abdellaoui; Zeine Zein Taleb (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca = University of Hassan II Casablanca = جامعة الحسن الثاني (ar), ENA - Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès); Julien Burte (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier, Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Nicolas Faysse (Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | In the oases of southern Morocco, migration is a determining factor in socio-economic development. Young people in these regions, often with limited resources, frequently choose to migrate. Understanding their migration trajectories, which exhibit significant similarities, is essential to identifying local development challenges, as these choices influence community dynamics and political decisions. This article aims to: i) Explore the attitudes of young oasis dwellers toward migration; ii) Analyze their perception of the future of oases and the role of migrants in local development. Between 2020 and 2023, 82 surveys were conducted with young people from eight villages in the Todgha Valley, along with 18 semi-structured interviews with older community members. The majority of young oasis dwellers have a conflicted attitude toward migration, revealing a complex decision-making process influenced by personal and social factors. Migration goes beyond mere displacement; it affects all socio-economic and environmental aspects of individuals' lives. The involvement of young migrants in the development of their communities, through transnational practices or collective projects, is evidence of this impact. These findings could inform local development policies by incorporating the perspectives of young people. |
| Abstract: | Dans les oasis du sud du Maroc, l'émigration est un facteur déterminant du développement socio-économique. Les jeunes de ces régions, qui ont souvent des ressources limitées, choisissent fréquemment d'émigrer. Comprendre leurs trajectoires migratoires, qui présentent des similarités significatives, est essentiel pour identifier les enjeux de développement locaux, puisque ces choix influencent les dynamiques communautaires et les décisions politiques. Cet article vise à : i) explorer les attitudes des jeunes oasiens envers l'émigration et ii) analyser leur perception de l'avenir des oasis et du rôle des émigrants dans le développement local. Entre 2020 et 2023, 82 enquêtes ont été réalisées auprès de jeunes de 8 douars de la vallée de Todgha, ainsi que 18 entretiens semi-directifs avec des membres non jeunes de la communauté. La majorité des jeunes oasiens ont une attitude conflictuelle envers l'émigration, révélant un processus décisionnel complexe influencé par des facteurs personnels et sociaux. L'émigration dépasse un simple déplacement ; elle impacte tous les aspects socio-économiques et environnementaux de la vie des individus. L'engagement des jeunes émigrants dans le développement de leurs communautés, à travers des pratiques transnationales ou des projets collectifs, en est la preuve. Ces résultats pourraient éclairer les politiques de développement local en intégrant les perspectives des jeunes. |
| Keywords: | enquête, émigration, développement socioéconomique, Jeunes, Emigration, Perception, Oasis, Todgha, Maroc, Youth, Morocco, oasis, migration, politique de développement, exode rural, développement agricole, jeunesse rurale, projet de développement, étude de cas, communauté rurale, développement de la communauté, changement social |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04984238 |
| By: | Angelo Forino; Andrea Mercatanti; Giacomo Morelli |
| Abstract: | Factor models for longitudinal data, where policy adoption is unconfounded with respect to a low-dimensional set of latent factor loadings, have become increasingly popular for causal inference. Most existing approaches, however, rely on a causal finite-sample approach or computationally intensive methods, limiting their applicability and external validity. In this paper, we propose a novel causal inference method for panel data based on inverse propensity score weighting where the propensity score is a function of latent factor loadings within a framework of causal inference from super-population. The approach relaxes the traditional restrictive assumptions of causal panel methods, while offering advantages in terms of causal interpretability, policy relevance, and computational efficiency. Under standard assumptions, we outline a three-step estimation procedure for the ATT and derive its large-sample properties using Mestimation theory. We apply the method to assess the causal effect of the Paris Agreement, a policy aimed at fostering the transition to a low-carbon economy, on European stock returns. Our empirical results suggest a statistically significant and negative short-run effect on the stock returns of firms that issued green bonds. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.08764 |
| By: | Selvaraju, Sangeeth Raja; Robins, Nick; Tandon, Suranjali |
| Abstract: | This report focuses on the increasing role that institutional investors will play in advancing the just transition in India, given the vast capital they can bring to bear and attractiveness of the Indian economy to foreign portfolio investments. The authors identify levers for investors to develop real-world practice, build confidence, and lay the foundations for broad-based adoption in ways that support national priorities. They also outline the just transition challenge and risk facing India, examples of building momentum for action, and the need to attract more international capital. |
| Keywords: | banking; institutional investors; energy; agriculture and nature; built environment; India; policy; policy reform |
| JEL: | R14 J01 F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2024–07–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129016 |
| By: | Özdogan, Mutlu; Wang, Sherrie; Ghose, Devaki; Fraga, Eduardo; Fernandes, Ana Margarida; Varela, Gonzalo J. |
| Abstract: | Rice is a staple crop for over half the world’s population, and accurate, timely information on its planted area and production is crucial for food security and agricultural policy, particularly in developing nations like Sri Lanka. However, reliable rice monitoring in regions like Sri Lanka faces significant challenges due to frequent cloud cover and the fragmented nature of small-holder farms. This research introduces a novel, cost-effective method for mapping rice planted area and yield at field scales in Sri Lanka using optical satellite data. The rice planted fields were identified and mapped using a phenologically-tuned image classification algorithm that high-lights rice presence by observing water occurrence during transplanting and vegetation activity during subsequent crop growth. To estimate yields, a random forest regression model was trained at the district level by incorporating a satellite-derived chlorophyll index and environmental variables and subsequently applied at the field level. The approach has enabled the creation of two decades (2000–2022) of reliable, field-scale rice area and yield estimates, achieving map accuracies between 70% and over 90% and yield estimations with less than 20% RMSE. These highly granular results, which were previously unattainable through traditional surveys, show strong correlation with government statistics. They also demonstrate the ad-vantages of a rule-based, phenology-driven classification over purely statistical machine learning models for long-term consistency in dynamic agricultural environments. This work highlights the significant potential of remote sensing to provide accurate and detailed insights into rice cultivation, supporting policy decisions and enhancing food security in Sri Lanka and other cloud-prone regions. |
| Date: | 2025–08–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11194 |
| By: | Roth, Joachim; Plyska, Oleksandra; Wang, Jodi-Ann; Renman, Gustaf; Bosman, Savanah |
| Abstract: | This input paper for the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group (SFWG) seeks to: Provide an assessment of the state of play of just transition efforts from real economy companies. Show what frameworks and data on just transition already exist, why this information is important and how it can be used by regulators and financiers to assess the credibility of company efforts. Explore some of the levers different financial actors can use to drive credible, robust and just transition plans. The paper was prepared by the Just Transition Finance Lab at the Grantham Research Institute at LSE, and the World Benchmarking Alliance (WBA). |
| Keywords: | global |
| JEL: | R14 J01 F3 G3 |
| Date: | 2024–06–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129017 |
| By: | Zenghelis, Dimitri; Serin, Esin; Stern, Nicholas; Sivropoulos Valero, Anna; Van Reenen, John; Ward, Bob |
| Abstract: | The UK faces large-scale investment needs across both the public and private sector. There is mounting evidence that targeted and temporary borrowing to invest in sustainable technologies and infrastructure would prove cost-effective and beneficial to living standards and economic competitiveness by increasing productivity and economic growth. This report sets out the need for long-lasting institutional and policy frameworks that can induce investment in a broad range of assets in the UK. These assets drive technological, institutional and behavioural innovation. The authors show that the transition to a sustainable, inclusive and resilient economy is a genuine opportunity for the UK to drive innovation and competitiveness and rekindle productivity growth. This requires a coherent, credible and targeted set of policies to raise living standards, manage disruption and unlock new, intelligent and sustainable forms of growth. The report is intended to guide policymakers to manage a structural transition, by taking advantage of the opportunity associated with the sustainable, intelligent and resilient economy while minimising the disruption and the risks associated with assets being left redundant and devalued in the economy of the 21st century. It makes the case for a strategic approach, noting that inaction is a choice that raises the cost of capital, reduces competitiveness and favours inefficient and unproductive economic activity. |
| Keywords: | infrastucture; innovation; investment; productivity; sustainable growth; UK |
| JEL: | N0 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2024–01–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129172 |
| By: | Amal Shalayan M Alghanmi |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susphd:0325 |
| By: | Dirk Bergemann (Yale University); Marina Bertolini (University of Padova); Marta Castellini (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei and University of Padova); Michele Moretto (University of Padova); Sergio Vergalli (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei and University of Brescia) |
| Abstract: | A municipality (social planner) is seeking to establish a renewable energy community paying the initial investment costs, while also identifying the optimal management framework. In this context, two distinct modes of governance are analyzed: the private and the public one. In the first case, a private (or profit) aggregator oversees the energy community with a monopolistic behavior, while in the other the aggregator is a public owned, or controlled, company following the social approach advocated by the promoter, i.e the municipality. In both scenarios, the effective functioning of the community requires the collection of private data on membersÕ energy consumption. This process allows for optimal management of the community, but also results in a loss of privacy for members. The model incorporates this as a dis-utility, assuming that the members address the portion of their energy needs not covered by the communityÕs production by purchasing energy from the manager at a price determined on the basis of the information collected. In addition, the aggregator is allowed to sell the collected data to third parties for financial gain. By integrating the membersÕ energy valuation and incorporating uncertainty regarding the investment cost, we examine policy recommendations aimed at establishing a community size closer to the social optimum. |
| Date: | 2025–07–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2452 |
| By: | Zorana Grbac; Simone Pavarana; Thorsten Schmidt; Peter Tankov |
| Abstract: | We introduce a new mean-field game framework to analyze the impact of carbon pricing in a multi-sector economy with defaultable firms. Each sector produces a homogeneous good, with its price endogenously determined through market clearing. Firms act as price takers and maximize profits by choosing an optimal allocation of inputs-including labor, emissions, and intermediate goods from other sectors-while interacting through the endogenous sectoral price. Firms also choose their default timing to maximize shareholder value. Formally, we model the economy as an optimal stopping mean-field game within each sector. The resulting system of coupled mean-field games admits a linear programming formulation that characterizes Nash equilibria in terms of population measure flows. We prove the existence of a linear programming Nash equilibrium and establish uniqueness of the associated price system. Numerical illustrations are presented for firms with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production functions. In a stylized single-sector economy, carbon price shocks induce substitution between emissions and labor. In a three-sector economy, the manufacturing sector faces consumer demand and requires inputs from a brown sector, which can be increasingly replaced by green-sector goods as carbon prices rise. These experiments reveal that carbon price shocks can generate substantial spillover effects along the value chain, underscoring the importance of sectoral interdependencies in shaping effective decarbonization pathways. |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2507.11353 |
| By: | Sang Yoon (Tim); Lee; Massimo Morelli; Marvin Pappalettera; Dario Sansone; Sulin Sardoschau |
| Abstract: | In 2023, the European Economic Association (EEA) Minorities in Economics Committee, in collaboration with the German Economic Association, conducted a professional climate survey to assess diversity, equity, and inclusion in the European economics profession.The survey gathered responses from 861 current and former EEA members, capturing demographic data and experiences across gender, ethnicity, LGBTQ+ identity, disability, and socioeconomic background. Results revealed widespread disparities in perceptions of inclusion, respect, and professional treatment. Reports of discrimination, exclusion, and harassment were significantly higher among women, ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ individuals, and people with disabilities. Geographic differences also emerged, with the Nordic countries reporting the most positive climate and the UK and Italy showing higher levels of dissatisfaction and discrimination. Compared to the American Economic Association 2018 survey, European respondents reported lower satisfaction overall. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2508.04302 |
| By: | Ojea Ferreiro Javier; Panzica Roberto; Papadopoulos Georgios |
| Abstract: | "This study investigates how extreme flood events can indirectly impact the global supply chain through production disruptions. Using a data-driven, agent-based network model that combines company-level data with flood hazard maps, the research simulates the transmission and amplification of shocks. The findings emphasize that the size of inventories is crucial; a lean-inventory system leads to faster shock propagation, higher losses, and fewer recoveries compared to an abundant-inventory system. Additionally, the study identifies that the number and criticality of flooded companies’ trade links, along with the magnitude of the flood, correlate with the speed and severity of contagion. Interestingly, a key metric —the average criticality of affected firms’ outgoing links— consistently peaks before the onset of the shock’s fast-propagation regime. This could serve as an early warning indicator, giving businesses and policymakers precious time to react. By identifying these critical vulnerabilities, this research provides a framework for enhancing the resilience of global supply chains in the face of increasing climate-related and other risks." |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrs:wpaper:202509 |
| By: | Ishita Varma (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research; Institute of Economic Growth) |
| Abstract: | India's indigenous communities (Schedule Tribes or STs) have historically relied on forests for their subsistence, livelihood and cultural identity. Despite this, the STs lacked formal rights to reside in forests and use forest resources under governmental control. In 2008, the Forest Rights Act (FRA) was implemented which granted these STs access to forest land and non-timber forest products (NTFPs). This paper examines the impact of FRA on the dietary diversity of STs. We evaluate this objective by making use of four rounds of a large-scale consumer expenditure survey and use variation in forest cover as a proxy for the potential of the Act to employ a generalised difference-in-differences strategy. We find that post-FRA, dietary diversity of ST households increased in areas with greater forest cover. This increased dietary diversity is driven by an increase in the diversity of vegetables, fruits, and oils consumed. In addition, we find that the sources of food shifted from subsistence-based collection and cultivation to market purchases. Suggestive evidence points to an occupational shift toward non-agricultural employments, particularly in wholesale and retail trade, potentially facilitated by improved NTFP access. |
| Keywords: | FRA, Dietary Diversity, Indigenous Communities, Forest Dwellers, Land Tenure |
| JEL: | J15 O15 Q15 Q23 |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2025-012 |
| By: | Evangelos Christou (IHU - International Hellenic University); Anestis Fotiadis (Zayed University); Antonios Giannopoulos (IHU - International Hellenic University) |
| Abstract: | Zweck: Diese konzeptionelle Studie untersucht, wie Generative Künstliche Intelligenz (GenAI) die Wertkokreation, die Destination Governance und die verantwortungsvolle Innovation im Tourismus neu gestaltet. Ziel ist es, GenAI von einem bloßen Hintergrundinstrument zu einem eigenständigen Tourismusakteur umzupositionieren und das Synthetic Experience System vorzustellen – ein triadisches Rahmenmodell, das Tourist*in, GenAI und Ort/Gemeinschaft über Daten‑, Inhalts‑ und Emotionsebenen miteinander verknüpft. Methoden: Der Beitrag folgt einem integrativen theoriebildenden Ansatz. Er synthetisiert abductiv Literatur aus Tourismusforschung, Informationssystemen, Marketing, Psychologie und Ethik, um wiederkehrende Konstrukte herauszuarbeiten, verortet diese in der Service‑Dominant Logic sowie der Akteur‑Netzwerk‑Theorie und verfeinert das Modell iterativ durch den Vergleich von GenAI‑Anwendungen mit Fokus auf Responsible Research and Innovation. Ergebnisse: Die Analyse identifiziert drei kontinuierliche Kokreationsschleifen, in denen Handlungsmacht zwischen den Akteuren zirkuliert, sowie vier Rahmenbedingungen – Authentizität, Bias, Nachhaltigkeit, Datenschutz – die die Systemtragfähigkeit bestimmen. Das Synthetic Experience System verdeutlicht, wo Wert entsteht, markiert potenzielle Punkte der Wertkodestruktion und generiert fünfzehn Forschungsvorschläge, die touristische Kognition, Unternehmenskompetenzen, Destinationspolitik und planetare CO₂‑Grenzen umfassen. Implikationen: Das Rahmenwerk bietet Destination‑Management‑Organisationen, Plattformdesigner*innen und Regulierungsbehörden eine Roadmap, um Algorithmen zu prüfen, partizipative Prompts zu gestalten und CO₂‑bewusste Implementierungen vorzunehmen. Durch die Benennung von Akteuren, Ebenen und Grenzen liefert die Studie ein gemeinsames Vokabular, das empirische Untersuchungen verankern und interdisziplinäre Zitationen in Tourismus‑, Informationssystem‑ und Nachhaltigkeitsforschung anregen kann. |
| Abstract: | Purpose: This conceptual study examines how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) reshapes value co creation, destination governance, and responsible innovation in tourism. It seeks to reposition GenAI from a backstage tool to a tourism actor and to present the Synthetic Experience System, a triadic framework connecting Tourist, GenAI, and Place/Community through data, content, and emotion layers. Methods: The paper follows an integrative theory building approach. It abductively synthesises tourism literature, information systems, marketing, psychology and ethics to surface recurring constructs, situates them within the service dominant logic and the actor-network theory, and iteratively refines a model through comparison of GenAI applications focusing on responsible research and innovation. Results: Analysis reveals three continuous co creation loops that circulate agency among actors and four boundary conditions-authenticity, bias, sustainability, privacy-that determine system viability. The Synthetic Experience System clarifies where value emerges, identifies points of potential value co destruction, and yields fifteen research propositions spanning tourist cognition, firm capabilities, destination policy, and planetary carbon limits. Implications: The framework provides a roadmap for destination management organisations, platform designers, and regulators to audit algorithms, design participatory prompts, and adopt carbon aware deployment. By naming actors, layers, and boundaries, the study offers a shared vocabulary that can anchor empirical investigations and stimulate cross disciplinary citations in tourism, information systems, and sustainability research. |
| Abstract: | Propósito: Este estudio conceptual examina cómo la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (GenAI) reconfigura la co‑creación de valor, la gobernanza de destinos y la innovación responsable en turismo. Se propone reposicionar la GenAI de una herramienta "entre bastidores" a un actor turístico y presentar el Sistema de Experiencia Sintética, un marco triádico que conecta al Turista, la GenAI y el Lugar/Comunidad a través de capas de datos, contenido y emociones. Métodos: El artículo adopta un enfoque integrador de construcción teórica. Sintetiza abductivamente literatura sobre turismo, sistemas de información, mercadotecnia, psicología y ética para identificar constructos recurrentes, situarlos dentro de la lógica dominante del servicio y la teoría del actor‑red, y refinar iterativamente un modelo mediante la comparación de aplicaciones de GenAI centradas en la investigación e innovación responsables. Resultados: El análisis revela tres bucles continuos de co‑creación que distribuyen la agencia entre los actores y cuatro condiciones límite —autenticidad, sesgo, sostenibilidad y privacidad— que determinan la viabilidad del sistema. El Sistema de Experiencia Sintética aclara dónde emerge el valor, identifica puntos de posible co‑destrucción de valor y genera quince proposiciones de investigación que abarcan la cognición del turista, las capacidades empresariales, la política de destinos y los límites planetarios de carbono. Implicaciones: El marco ofrece una hoja de ruta para que las organizaciones de gestión de destinos, los diseñadores de plataformas y los reguladores auditen algoritmos, diseñen indicaciones participativas y adopten despliegues conscientes del carbono. Al nombrar actores, capas y fronteras, el estudio proporciona un vocabulario compartido que puede anclar investigaciones empíricas y estimular citas interdisciplinarias en turismo, sistemas de información e investigación sobre sostenibilidad. |
| Abstract: | Objectif : Cette étude conceptuelle examine la façon dont l'intelligence artificielle générative (GenAI) remodèle la co‑création de valeur, la gouvernance des destinations et l'innovation responsable dans le tourisme. Elle vise à repositionner la GenAI, d'un outil en coulisse à un acteur touristique, et à présenter le Système d'Expérience Synthétique (SES), un cadre triadique connectant Touriste, GenAI et Lieu/Communauté à travers les couches de données, de contenu et d'émotion. Méthodes : L'article adopte une démarche intégrative de construction théorique. Il synthétise abductivement la littérature en tourisme, systèmes d'information, marketing, psychologie et éthique afin de faire émerger des constructions récurrentes, les situe dans la logique dominante de service et la théorie de l'acteur‑réseau, puis affine de manière itérative un modèle en comparant des applications de GenAI centrées sur la recherche et l'innovation responsables. Résultats : L'analyse révèle trois boucles continues de co‑création qui font circuler l'agentivité entre les acteurs, ainsi que quatre conditions limites — authenticité, biais, durabilité, confidentialité — déterminant la viabilité du système. Le Système d'Expérience Synthétique éclaire les lieux d'émergence de la valeur, identifie les points potentiels de co‑destruction de valeur et produit quinze propositions de recherche couvrant la cognition touristique, les capacités des entreprises, la politique de destination et les limites carbone planétaires. Implications : Le cadre offre une feuille de route aux organisations de gestion de destination, aux concepteurs de plateformes et aux régulateurs pour auditer les algorithmes, concevoir des invites participatives et adopter un déploiement sobre en carbone. En nommant les acteurs, les couches et les frontières, l'étude propose un vocabulaire partagé susceptible d'ancrer les investigations empiriques et de stimuler les citations interdisciplinaires dans la recherche en tourisme, en systèmes d'information et en durabilité. |
| Abstract: | उद्देश्य: यह वैचारिक अध्ययन इस बात की जाँच करता है कि जनरेटिव आर्टिफ़िशियल इंटेलिजेंस (GenAI) किस प्रकार पर्यटन‑क्षेत्र में मूल्य‑सह‑सृजन, गंतव्य शासन तथा उत्तरदायी नवोन्मेष को पुनर्परिभाषित करती है। यह GenAI को पार्श्व के उपकरण से एक सक्रिय पर्यटन‑कर्ता के रूप में पुनर्स्थापित करता है और सिंथेटिक अनुभव प्रणाली (Synthetic Experience System) प्रस्तुत करता है—एक त्रयी ढाँचा, जो पर्यटक, GenAI और स्थान/समुदाय को डेटा, सामग्री और भावना के स्तरों के जरिये जोड़ता है। पद्धति: अध्ययन ने एक एकीकरणात्मक सिद्धांत‑निर्माण (integrative theory‑building) दृष्टिकोण अपनाया। पर्यटन‑साहित्य, सूचना‑प्रणालियाँ, विपणन, मनोविज्ञान एवं नैतिकता को एबडक्टिव (abductive) रूप से समाकलित कर आवर्ती संकल्पनाएँ उजागर की गईं, उन्हें सेवा‑प्रधान तर्क (service‑dominant logic) एवं कर्ता‑संजाल सिद्धांत (actor‑network theory) में स्थित किया गया, तथा उत्तरदायी अनुसंधान और नवोन्मेष पर केन्द्रित GenAI अनुप्रयोगों की तुलना के माध्यम से मॉडल का क्रमिक परिष्करण किया गया। परिणाम: विश्लेषण से तीन निरंतर सह‑सृजन चक्र प्रकाश में आते हैं, जो कर्ताओं के बीच एजेंसी का परिसंचरण करते हैं, और चार सीमा‑शर्तें—प्रामाणिकता, पक्षपात, स्थिरता, गोपनीयता—निर्धारित करते हैं, जो प्रणाली की व्यवहार्यता तय करती हैं। सिंथेटिक अनुभव प्रणाली स्पष्ट करती है कि मूल्य कहाँ उत्पन्न होता है, संभावित मूल्य‑विघटन के बिन्दुओं की पहचान करती है, तथा पन्द्रह शोध‑प्रस्ताव प्रस्तुत करती है, जो पर्यटक‑संज्ञान, फर्म‑क्षमताएँ, गंतव्य‑नीति और ग्रहगत कार्बन सीमाएँ आच्छादित करती हैं। निहितार्थ: यह ढाँचा गंतव्य प्रबंधन संगठनों, प्लेटफ़ॉर्म डिज़ाइनरों और विनियामकों को एल्गोरिद्म‑लेखा‑परीक्षण, सहभागी प्रॉम्प्ट‑डिज़ाइन तथा कार्बन‑सचेत परिनियोजन के लिये एक रोडमैप प्रदान करता है। कर्ताओं, स्तरों और सीमाओं को नाम देकर यह अध्ययन एक साझा शब्दावली उपलब्ध कराता है, जो अनुभवजन्य अनुसंधानों का आधार बन सकती है और पर्यटन, सूचना‑प्रणाली व स्थिरता‑अनुसंधान में अंतःविषय उद्धरणों को उत्प्रेरित कर सकती है। |
| Abstract: | Scopo: Questo studio concettuale esamina in che modo l'Intelligenza Artificiale Generativa (IAG) rimodelli la co‑creazione di valore, la governance delle destinazioni e l'innovazione responsabile nel turismo. L'obiettivo è ricollocare la IAG da semplice strumento "dietro le quinte" ad attore del sistema turistico e presentare il Synthetic Experience System, un quadro triadico che connette Turista, IAG e Luogo/Comunità attraverso tre strati—dati, contenuti ed emozioni. Metodi: Il lavoro adotta un approccio integrativo di costruzione teorica. Sintetizza in maniera abduttiva la letteratura su turismo, sistemi informativi, marketing, psicologia ed etica per far emergere costrutti ricorrenti, inquadrandoli nella Service‑Dominant Logic e nella Actor‑Network Theory; il modello viene poi perfezionato iterativamente mediante il confronto di applicazioni IAG con focus sulla Responsible Research and Innovation. Risultati: L'analisi individua tre cicli continui di co‑creazione che fanno circolare l'agency tra gli attori e quattro condizioni al contorno—autenticità, bias, sostenibilità, privacy—che determinano la viabilità del sistema. Il Synthetic Experience System chiarisce dove nasce il valore, individua i punti di potenziale co‑distruzione di valore e genera quindici proposizioni di ricerca relative a cognizione turistica, capacità aziendali, politiche di destinazione e limiti planetari di carbonio. Implicazioni: Il framework offre una roadmap per le Destination Management Organisations, i progettisti di piattaforme e i regolatori, utile a verificare gli algoritmi, progettare prompt partecipativi e adottare implementazioni carbon‑aware. Denominando attori, strati e confini, lo studio fornisce un vocabolario condiviso capace di ancorare indagini empiriche e di stimolare citazioni interdisciplinari nei campi del turismo, dei sistemi informativi e della sostenibilità. |
| Abstract: | Propósito: Este estudo conceitual examina como a Inteligência Artificial Generativa (GenAI) remodela a cocriação de valor, a governança de destinos e a inovação responsável no turismo. Busca reposicionar a GenAI de uma ferramenta de bastidores para um ator turístico e apresentar o Sistema de Experiência Sintética, um arcabouço triádico que conecta Turista, GenAI e Lugar/Comunidade por meio de camadas de dados, conteúdo e emoção. Métodos: O artigo adota uma abordagem integrativa de construção teórica. Sintetiza abductivamente a literatura de turismo, sistemas de informação, marketing, psicologia e ética para revelar constructos recorrentes, situá‑los na lógica dominante de serviço e na teoria ator‑rede, e refinar iterativamente um modelo por meio da comparação de aplicações de GenAI com foco em pesquisa e inovação responsáveis. Resultados: A análise revela três ciclos contínuos de cocriação que transferem agência entre os atores e quatro condições de fronteira — autenticidade, viés, sustentabilidade e privacidade — que determinam a viabilidade do sistema. O Sistema de Experiência Sintética esclarece onde o valor emerge, identifica pontos de potencial co‑destruição de valor e gera quinze proposições de pesquisa que abrangem cognição do turista, capacidades empresariais, políticas de destino e limites planetários de carbono. Implicações: O arcabouço oferece um roteiro para organizações de gestão de destinos, projetistas de plataformas e reguladores auditarem algoritmos, conceberem prompts participativos e adotarem implantações com consciência de carbono. Ao nomear atores, camadas e limites, o estudo fornece um vocabulário compartilhado que pode ancorar investigações empíricas e estimular citações interdisciplinares em turismo, sistemas de informação e pesquisas em sustentabilidade. |
| Abstract: | Цель. Данное концептуальное исследование анализирует, каким образом генеративный искусственный интеллект (GenAI) трансформирует совместное создание ценности, управление туристическими дестинациями и ответственное новаторство в туризме. Работа стремится переосмыслить GenAI, переместив его из «закулисного» инструмента в полноправного актора отрасли, а также представить Синтетическую систему опыта — триадную модель, объединяющую Туриста, GenAI и Место/Сообщество через уровни данных, контента и эмоций. Методы. Исследование опирается на интегративный подход к построению теории. Абдуктивно синтезируются труды по туризму, информационным системам, маркетингу, психологии и этике для выявления повторяющихся конструктов, которые затем соотносятся с логикой доминирования услуг и теорией акторно‑сетей. Модель итеративно уточняется посредством сопоставления практических приложений GenAI с акцентом на ответственное исследование и инновации. Результаты. Анализ выявил три непрерывных петли совместного создания ценности, перераспределяющие агентность между акторами, и четыре граничных условия — аутентичность, предвзятость, устойчивость и конфиденциальность — которые определяют жизнеспособность системы. Синтетическая система опыта показывает, где именно рождается ценность, обозначает точки возможной ко‑деструкции ценности и формулирует пятнадцать исследовательских положений, охватывающих когниции туристов, способности фирм, политику развития дестинаций и планетарные углеродные ограничения. Импликации. Предложенная рамка служит «дорожной картой» для организаций управления дестинациями, разработчиков платформ и регуляторов, позволяя им проводить аудит алгоритмов, проектировать партисипативные подсказки и внедрять решения с учётом углеродного следа. Чёткое обозначение акторов, уровней и границ формирует общий понятийный аппарат, который может стать опорой для эмпирических исследований и стимулировать междисциплинарное цитирование в областях туризма, информационных систем и устойчивого развития. |
| Abstract: | 目的：本概念性研究探讨生成式人工智能（Generative Artificial Intelligence，简称 GenAI）如何重塑旅游业中的价值共创、目的地治理与负责任创新。研究旨在将 GenAI 从幕后工具重新定位为旅游行动者，并提出"合成体验系统"——一个通过数据层、内容层与情感层将游客、GenAI 与地点／社区三者联结起来的三元框架。 方法：本研究采用综合性理论建构方法，运用溯因式逻辑对旅游学、信息系统、营销学、心理学与伦理学文献进行综合分析，提炼循环出现的核心构念，并将其置于服务主导逻辑与行动者网络理论之下；同时，通过比较聚焦于负责任研究与创新的 GenAI 应用，迭代修正模型。 结果：分析揭示了三个持续循环的价值共创回路，在多元行动者之间传递能动性；并确定真实性、偏见、可持续性与隐私四项边界条件，这些条件决定了系统的可行性。"合成体验系统"进一步阐明了价值的生成位置，识别了潜在的价值共毁点，并提出涵盖游客认知、企业能力、目的地政策以及地球碳约束的十五条研究命题。 启示：该框架为目的地管理组织、平台设计者与监管者提供了审计算法、设计参与式提示以 及实施碳感知部署的路线图。通过明确行动者、层级与边界，本研究构建了一套共享词汇， 为经验研究提供锚点，并有望促进旅游学、信息系统与可持续性研究的跨学科引用。 |
| Keywords: | generative Künstliche Intelligenz, synthetischer Tourismus, Ko-Kreation von Erlebnissen, Service-dominante Logik, Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie, algorithmische Governance, verantwortungsvolle Forschung, verantwortungsvolle Innovation, Generative artificial intelligence, synthetic tourism, algorithmic governance, experience co-creation, service-dominant logic, actor-network theory, responsible innovation, responsible research, Innovación responsable, Inteligencia artificial generativa, Turismo sintético, Co-creación de experiencias, Lógica dominante del servicio, Teoría del actor-red, Gobernanza algorítmica, Investigación responsable, intelligence artificielle générative, co-création d'expérience, logique dominante du service, tourisme synthétique, théorie de l’acteur-réseau, Gouvernance algorithmique, Recherche responsable, Innovation responsable, जनरेटिव कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता, कृत्रिम पर्यटन, अनुभव सह-सृजन, सेवा-प्रधान तर्क, अभिनेता–नेटवर्क सिद्धांत, एल्गोरिदमिक शासन, उत्तरदायी अनुसंधान, उत्तरदायी नवाचार, intelligenza artificiale generativa, turismo sintetico, co-creazione dell’esperienza, logica dominante del servizio, teoria dell’attore-rete, governance algoritmica, ricerca responsabile, innovazione responsabile, inteligência artificial generativa, turismo sintético, cocriação de experiências, lógica dominante de serviço, Teoria Ator‑Rede, Governança algorítmica, pesquisa responsável, inovação responsável, генеративный искусственный интеллект, синтетический туризм, ко‑креация опыта / совместное создание опыта, логика сервисной доминанты (Service‑Dominant Logic), акторно‑сетевая теория, алгоритмическое управление, ответственные исследования, ответственные инновации, 生成式人工智能, 合成旅游, 体验共创, 服务主导逻辑, 行动者网络理论, 算法治理, 负责任研究, 负责任创新 |
| Date: | 2025–12–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05191936 |
| By: | Houyam Boudaouine (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | In a context of continuous transformation of public management, marked by the influence of New Public Management (NPM), local authorities must adapt their internal organizations while ensuring the continuity of their essential missions. Waste management is an emblematic field of this tension, both from the point of view of governance and professional practices on the ground. This communication (poster) presents an analysis focused on the HRM practices at work in public waste management services, based on a qualitative survey conducted among garbage collectors (drivers and garbage collectors), waste disposal center agents, and their local managers. By framing a broader reflection on the changes in public management, it aims to understand how strategic objectives in terms of human resources are translated—or distorted—according to the adaptation made by local managers in their operational practices. The results reveal strong structural tensions between the political-managerial level and the operational level. Local managers, at the crossroads of top-down logic and the concrete realities of work, play a decisive but often invisible role as HR interface, mobilizing discreet room for maneuver and specific management tools to adapt policies to operational realities. Beyond the specific case of waste services, this study questions more broadly the conditions for the effectiveness of local public HR policies, and the capacity of public management to integrate the specificities of field professions into a more contextualized and realistic approach to human resources management. |
| Abstract: | Dans un contexte de transformation continue du management public, marqué par l'influence de la Nouvelle Gestion Publique (NGP), les collectivités territoriales doivent adapter leurs organisations internes tout en assurant la continuité de leurs missions essentielles. La gestion des déchets constitue un champ emblématique de cette tension, tant du point de vue de la gouvernance que des pratiques professionnelles de terrain. Cette communication (poster) présente une analyse centrée sur les pratiques de GRH à l'œuvre dans les services publics de gestion des déchets, à partir d'une enquête qualitative menée auprès d'éboueurs (chauffeurs et ripeurs), des agents de déchetterie, et de leurs managers de proximité. En s'inscrivant dans une réflexion plus large sur les mutations du management public, elle vise à comprendre comment les objectifs stratégiques en matière de ressources humaines se traduisent — ou se déforment — selon l'adaptation qu'en font les managers de proximité dans leurs pratiques opérationnelles. Les résultats révèlent des tensions structurelles fortes entre le niveau politico-managérial et le niveau opérationnel. Les managers de proximité, à la croisée des logiques descendantes et des réalités concrètes du travail, jouent un rôle d'interface RH décisif mais souvent invisibilisé, mobilisant des marges de manœuvre discrètes et des outils de gestion spécifiques pour adapter les politiques aux réalités opérationnelles. Au-delà du cas spécifique des services déchets, cette étude interroge plus largement les conditions d'effectivité des politiques RH publiques locales, et la capacité du management public à intégrer les spécificités des métiers de terrain dans une approche plus contextualisée et réaliste de la gestion des ressources humaines. |
| Keywords: | Gestion publique des déchets ; Travailleurs des déchets ; Tensions stratégique/opérationnel ; Politiques RH ; Management/pratiques de proximité |
| Date: | 2025–07–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05168343 |
| By: | Stern, Jonathan |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susphd:0225 |
| By: | Wells, Louis T. |
| Abstract: | "Use-it-or-lose-it" provisions in mining laws and contracts compel timely and sustained production, preventing firms from hoarding mineral rights without development. Especially vital amid global competition for "critical" resources, these clauses protect host states' economic interests by ensuring expected resource income and employment, deterring speculative behavior and guiding granting of waivers. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:colfdi:323908 |
| By: | Akhayad Loubna (ESSDL, FSJES, UMPO - Laboratoire ESSDL, faculté des sciences juridiques economique et sociale , UMP oujda) |
| Abstract: | Résumé: Ce travail de recherche examine le rôle significatif des paradigmes financiers éthiques dans la promotion de l'inclusion économique et la lutte contre la pauvreté au Maroc, où 4, 8 % de la population continue de vivre en dessous du seuil de pauvreté. Trois modèles principaux sont passés au crible : la finance islamique (ancrée dans la charia, avec des produits tels que murabaha), la microfinance éthique (illustrée par des institutions comme Al Amana) et l'investissement socialement responsable (ISR) (qui intègre des critères ESG). Ces méthodologies visent à proposer des alternatives aux systèmes bancaires classiques, qui restent souvent inaccessibles aux populations marginalisées, tout en respectant les principes de transparence, d'équité et de durabilité. Néanmoins, les progrès de la finance éthique se heurtent à de nombreux obstacles, notamment le manque de sensibilisation concernant les instruments financiers éthiques, un cadre règlementaire incomplet (notamment en ce qui concerne la microfinance et l'ISR) et la concurrence des banques traditionnelles, perçues comme plus avantageuses en termes de rentabilité. Par exemple, Al Amana, bien qu'elle ait permis à 600 000 bénéficiaires d'améliorer leurs conditions de vie et qu'elle ait créé plus de 100 000 emplois, doit faire face au risque de surendettement de sa clientèle. Pour relever ces défis, l'article propose des stratégies telles que l'innovation technologique (y compris la fintech et la blockchain), le renforcement de la littératie financière et le raffinement des réglementations pour définir les pratiques éthiques. En conclusion, l'essor de la finance éthique au Maroc dépendra de sa capacité à harmoniser performance économique et impact social, renforcée par le soutien des institutions publiques, des acteurs financiers et de la société civile. Un tel paradigme pourrait reconfigurer durablement le paysage économique marocain, le rendre plus inclusif et plus adapté aux considérations sociales et environnementales. |
| Keywords: | inclusion financière développement durable fintech blockhain investissement socialement responsable finance Microfinance, inclusion financière, développement durable, fintech, blockhain, investissement socialement responsable, finance, Microfinance |
| Date: | 2025–07–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05170299 |
| By: | Alexander Egberts (Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn); Christoph Engel (Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn); Joshua Fairfield (Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn) |
| Abstract: | Many social ills can be modelled as a public bad. In such scenarios, private benefit is often immediate while the public damage takes some time to materialize. In this experiment, we investigate the behavioral effects caused by such delays in the realization of collective harm. By manipulating the weight with which the damages caused by group contributions are carried over to the next round, we alter the number of periods required for the social damage to fully unfold. We keep constant the economic consequences of contributions between treatments (by introducing a multiplier for the damage) and between periods (by deducting all unrealized harm at the end of the game) to avoid multiple equilibria. In a second treatment dimension, we isolate the cognitive challenges of this experiment by replacing human group-members with “computerized players†which perfectly copy each subject’s previous behavior. We find that participants’ behavior is less cooperative over time when harm is deferred into the future. Our results also suggest that the driving mechanism behind this effect is not insufficient anticipation, but the lack of having experienced the negative consequences of the public damage. |
| Keywords: | public bad; dynamically developing social harm; cognitive and motivational challenge; experiment |
| JEL: | C91 D62 D91 H41 K24 K32 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpg:wpaper:2024_16 |
| By: | Didier Raboisson (UMR ASTRE - Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UM - Université de Montpellier, ENVT - Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Guillaume Lhermie (UMR ASTRE - Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UM - Université de Montpellier, ENVT - Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse, University of Calgary); Raphael Guatteo (BIOEPAR - Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale - ONIRIS - École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | To support farmers in their decisions related to Q fever, a dedicated economic assessment tool is developed. The present work describes the calculator, its economic rationale, and the supporting assumptions. The calculator integrates a yearly compartmental model to represent population dynamism and the main interactions between disorders linked to Q fever, especially reproductive disorders (abortion, retained foetal membranes, purulent vaginal discharge and endometritis, extra services, and calving–conception delays). The effects of the nontangible cost of the disease on human health, the welfare of the animals, and the workload of farmers were not integrated into the model. The model shows high-level sensitivity to the prevalence of Q fever in the herd prevaccination and to the costs of abortion and extra days of calving–conception intervals. Breakeven points, i.e., cost values that allow us to achieve positive vaccination benefits, are also reported. For herds with moderate or high prevalence rates of Q fever prevaccination (>30%), a vaccination benefit is observed. The vaccine should be considered a type of insurance in herds with low prevalence rates of Q fever prevaccination (≤20%). The calculator was developed to aid decision-making at the farm level, and no conclusion can be extrapolated as a generic trend based on the present work. |
| Keywords: | Cost, Economics, Vaccine, Benefits, impact économique, France, bovin laitier, ferme laitière, Coxiella burnetii, dynamique des populations, fièvre Q, bien-être social, vaccin, évaluation de l'impact, vaccination, épidémiologie, système d'aide à la décision, endométrite |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04546084 |
| By: | Samuel Auclair (BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières); Alexandre Sabouni; Anouck Adrot; Aurélie Montarnal; Cécile Gracianne (BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières); Sylvain Chave |
| Date: | 2024–07–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05169108 |