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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Forecasting |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41085 |
| By: | World Bank; ITU |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Policy and Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41238 |
| By: | Nupur Gupta; Elena Chesheva; Thomas Herrero Diaz |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Economics |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41179 |
| By: | Angella Montfaucon; Csilla Lakatos; Bayu Agnimaruto |
| Keywords: | International Economics and Trade-Trade and Environment Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41156 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Angelos Alamanos; Giannis Arampatzidis; Stathis Devves; Jeffrey D Sachs |
| Abstract: | Achieving climate-neutrality is a global imperative that demands coordinated efforts from both science and robust policies supporting a smooth transition across multiple sectors. However, the interdisciplinary and complex science-to-policy nature of this effort makes it particularly challenging for several countries. Greece has set ambitious goals across different policies; however, their progress is often debated. For the first time, we simulated a scenario representing Greece's climate-neutrality goals drawing upon its main relevant energy, agricultural and water policies, and compared it with a 'current accounts' scenario by 2050. The results indicate that most individual policies have the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions across all sectors of the economy (residential, industrial, transportation, services, agriculture, and energy production). However, their implementation seems to be based on economic and governance assumptions that often overlook sectoral interdependencies, infrastructure constraints, and social aspects, hindering progress towards a unified and more holistic sustainable transition. |
| Keywords: | Climate Neutrality, Energy-emissions modelling, LEAP, FABLE Calculator, MaritimeGCH, WaterReqGCH, Decarbonization, Greece |
| Date: | 2025–03–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2527 |
| By: | Richard Bullock; Martha Lawrence; Joanna Moody |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy-Fuels |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40529 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39863 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Solar Energy Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40790 |
| By: | Alan Mckinnon |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40530 |
| By: | Saher Asad; Lauren N. Dahlin; Juan D. Barón |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40698 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40883 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Forests and Forestry Agriculture-Forestry Management Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Natural Resources Management Urban Development-Urban Environment |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41683 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Water Resources-Freshwater Resources |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40852 |
| By: | Jérôme Ballet (Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux School of Economics (BSE)); Damien Bazin (Université Côte d'Azur; GREDEG CNRS); Frédéric Thomas (University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, MIVEGEC, France); François-Régis Mahieu (Fund for Research in Economic Ethics, FREE, France) |
| Abstract: | Governments, civil society groups, and international organisations actively raise awareness about major environmental risks and work to mitigate them. In practice, however, sustainable development tends to be approached in stages: first by addressing the economic dimension, followed by the environmental, and finally, the social dimension. We argue that this sequencing reflects an inherent bias in how the importance of each dimension is perceived, with the social dimension consistently being undervalued. We challenge the prevailing notion that the social dimension is synonymous with poverty and is detrimental to natural resources. Instead, we propose that sustainable development must shift towards a model of socially sustainable development. Our findings suggest that socially sustainable development is more closely aligned with addressing inequity and enhancing capabilities, rather than merely alleviating poverty. It is therefore essential to move beyond the outdated view that economics and environmental protection are in conflict. Instead, we must frame the environment as a matter of human justice, where the social dimension is given its rightful importance. In this context, we present three key pillars of analysis—equity, safety, and social cohesion—to renew the sustainability debate and mitigate the disruptions caused by imbalances between the dimensions. |
| JEL: | Q01 Q26 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2025-06 |
| By: | Schlogl, Lukas; Pfaffenbichler, David; Raza, Werner |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the intersection of export finance and climate policy with a focus on Austria and relevant peers. It addresses the role of Austria's export credit system in facilitating the global transition to a net-zero economy. Specifically, it examines how Austria's official export financing policy aligns with the goals of the Paris Agreement and explores ways to reform it towards promoting a more sustainable and climate-neutral portfolio. Public export promotion policies and so-called export credit agencies (ECAs) have a significant potential to leverage change: They are based on powerful financial instruments that provide government-backed loans, guarantees, and insurance for international trade. Their influence extends globally as they reduce the risk of international business transactions and encourage economic activities abroad. However, these financial institutions have traditionally supported carbon-intensive projects, such as those in the fossil fuel sector, significantly contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Given the urgency of the climate crisis, as highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), there is increasing global pressure on governments and ECAs to align their activities with the Paris Agreement. This alignment is essential for limiting dangerous global warming to 1.5êC, as outlined by the International Energy Agency (IEA), which asserts that new fossil fuel projects must be avoided to meet these targets. Austria, like many other countries, is at a critical juncture where its export credit policies must pivot quickly and decisively towards climate sustainability. Austria's export credit portfolio, while relatively small compared to international peers, still contains exposure to fossil fuel projects. Between 2019 and 2023, new commitments to fossil fuel projects amounted to EUR 325 million, with Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Canada being major recipients. Despite a growing commitment to green finance, the scale and persistence of these carbon-intensive projects pose a challenge to Austria's Paris-alignment ambitions. The study critiques Austria's lag in adopting an overarching net-zero strategy for its export credit system. In response to an EU Council Conclusion from March 2022, Austria devised a Sustainability Strategy of the Export Promotion Procedure in 2023. Though a welcome step, the strategy shows serious deficiencies: Austria embarks on one of the slowest phase-out trajectories among comparable EU peers and allows one of the most wide-ranging sets of fossil exemptions. The current strategy does not define a time-bound road map for achieving a climate neutral portfolio and thus fails to ensure alignment with the Paris Agreement. Austria's approach also includes green finance initiatives like "Exportinvest Green Energy", which offers favourable financial conditions for renewable energy projects. However, a comprehensive approach towards achieving net-zero for the vast majority of its export promotion portfolio is currently missing. This lack of coherence is also evident in the lack of a speedy and science-based roadmap required to phase out high-GHG guarantees fully. Austria's approach is contrasted with other EU countries such as Germany and Sweden, which have adopted more ambitious export credit strategies aligned with climate goals. For instance, Germany's "Climate Policy Sector Guidelines for Export Credit Guarantees" categorize projects into green, white, and red categories based on their contributions to or hindrance of climate goals. Sweden has embraced the "Fossil Free Sweden" initiative, focusing on making the country a leader in fossil-free systems and promoting the export of sustainable technologies. More importantly, both these peers have adopted methods and frameworks for assessing the GHG footprint of projects and for bringing their portfolios progressively more in line with the Paris Agreement. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:oefser:313623 |
| By: | Hönow, Nils Christian; Karki, Kiran; Burger, Maximilian N. |
| Abstract: | In July 2021, severe floods devastated parts of Germany, causing numerous casualties and extensive damage to property and infrastructure. As climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of such extreme weather events, understanding their social implications is crucial. Using data from three nationwide surveys, we examine the impact of the 2021 flood on environmental attitudes, pro-environmental behaviors, and the support for climate-related policies across a wide range of indicators. Results reveal no statistically significant effects, regardless of the estimation methods or measures of flood exposure used. We additionally investigate the flood's effect on prosociality, assessed through measures such as past charitable donations and incentivized decisions in a dictator game. Similarly, we find only limited variation in prosociality, but with impacts differing based on whether respondents in affected areas also sustained damage to their households. These findings challenge the expectation that direct exposure to natural disasters increases environmental awareness and prosocial behavior. |
| Abstract: | Im Juli 2021 verwüsteten schwere Überschwemmungen Teile Deutschlands, führten zu zahlreichen Todesopfern und verursachten erhebliche Schäden an Eigentum und Infrastruktur. Da der Klimawandel voraussichtlich die Häufigkeit und Intensität solcher extremen Wetterereignisse erhöhen wird, ist es wichtig, ihre gesellschaftlichen Auswirkungen zu verstehen. Anhand von Daten aus drei landesweiten Umfragen untersuchen wir die Auswirkungen der Flut von 2021 auf Umweltbewusstsein, umweltfreundliches Verhalten und die Unterstützung klimabezogener Politiken anhand einer Vielzahl von Indikatoren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen keine statistisch signifikanten Effekte - unabhängig von den verwendeten Schätzmethoden oder den Messgrößen zur Hochwasserexposition. Darüber hinaus analysieren wir den Einfluss der Flut auf prosoziales Verhalten, gemessen anhand von Spendenaktivitäten sowie Entscheidungen in einem experimentellen "Dictator Game". Auch hier zeigen sich nur geringe Unterschiede im prosozialen Verhalten, wobei die Auswirkungen davon abhängen, ob Befragte in den betroffenen Gebieten auch Schäden an ihrem Haushalt erlitten haben. Diese Ergebnisse stellen die Annahme in Frage, dass das direkte Erleben von Naturkatastrophen Umweltbewusstsein und prosoziales Verhalten erhöht. |
| Keywords: | Natural disaster, flood, environmental awareness, environmental attitudes, environmental behavior, climate policy, prosociality |
| JEL: | D64 D91 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:314410 |
| By: | M. Amadio; A.P. Behrer; L. Bosch; H.K. Kaila; N. Krishnan; G. Molinario |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Air Quality & Clean Air Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Environmental Disasters & Degradation |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40597 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40652 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Energy-Energy and Environment Energy-Renewable Energy |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41114 |
| By: | Angella Faith Montfaucon; Csilla Lakatos; Bayu Agnimaruto; Jana Mirjam Silberring |
| Keywords: | International Economics and Trade-Trade Policy International Economics and Trade-Trade and Environment Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40925 |
| By: | Valeria Jimenez; Ryan Woodgate |
| Abstract: | Despite the scientific consensus on the need to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 as a key environmental goal, there is little consensus among economists on the best pathway to achieve this crucial goal. Particularly contentious is what achieving net zero in time implies for the growth rate of the global economy. In the search for a post-Keynesian answer, we first review the related literature showing the divide between degrowth/post-growth authors, who argue that net zero implies a need for negative or zero growth, and Keynesian green growth advocates, who argue that positive growth rates are required. Motivated by these controversies, we develop a simple Sraffian supermultiplier model of the global economy, where GHG emissions depend on the stock of capital in production and absorption depends on the stock of natural capital, from which we can formally demonstrate that the goal of net-zero GHG emissions implies a constraint on the growth rate of the global economy. Crucially, this “balance-of-emissions constraint” on growth depends on a number of key parameters that are influenced by public policy, such as the share of public spending on natural capital, the share of investment in low-emission production capital, and the parameters that enter the supermultiplier, which determine the size of the rebound effect. From this, we model different pathways to net zero and argue for an interventionist policy mix, which we show brings about net zero emissions much more rapidly than any laissez-faire alternative scenario, even one with utmost optimism about future green technology. |
| Keywords: | Degrowth, post-growth, green growth, net zero, structural change |
| JEL: | E12 O44 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp2507 |
| By: | Guido Ascari; Andrea Colciago; Timo Haber; Stefan Wöhrmüller |
| Abstract: | The EU aims for 42.5% green energy consumption by 2030. What are the effects of the European green transition on inequality? We answer this question using a heterogeneous-agent model with non-homothetic preferences for energy and non-energy goods, calibrated to European data. We study the impact of an increase in carbon taxes designed to meet the EU target under different revenue-recycling strategies. Redistributing tax revenues via uniform transfers reduces consumption inequality, shifts the welfare burden to high-income households, but leads to significant output losses. Subsidizing green energy producers boosts energy production, reduces output losses, and requires a smaller carbon tax to meet the EU target. However, it increases consumption and income inequality, with the highest welfare costs borne by low-income and asset-poor households. Our findings highlight key trade-offs between equity and efficiency in green transition policies. |
| Keywords: | Green Transition; Inequality; Carbon Pricing |
| JEL: | Q43 Q52 E6 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dnb:dnbwpp:830 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Protection Environment-Sustainable Land Management Water Resources-River Basin Management Environment-Forests and Forestry |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40592 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40650 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Energy-Energy and Natural Resources Agriculture-Agricultural Sector Economics Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41137 |
| By: | International Telecommunication Union; World Bank |
| Keywords: | Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Economics Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Policy and Strategies Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40696 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Social Protections and Labor-Safety Nets and Transfers Environment-Environmental Disasters & Degradation Social Development-Social Aspects of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40680 |
| By: | Marc Jim M. Mariano; George Verikios; Yingying Lu |
| Abstract: | Continued climate change raises concerns on climate-related physical and transition risks. This study focuses on transition risk or the structural change related to decarbonisation. Specifically, we model the structural change associated with net zero emissions (NZE) for Australia along with global action to limit warming to 1.5°C by the end of the century. This scenario is implemented using a two-stage integrated approach that links two computable general equilibrium (CGE) models – one representing the world economy at a broad level and the other representing the Australian economy in greater detail. Results indicate that achieving NZE would contract the global and Australian economy. Global GDP is projected to fall by 5% and Australian GDP by 3.95%. Both globally and in Australia the capital and labour use falls. The NZE pathway is transformative for the energy sector but disruptive to other industries. Electricity generation increases by 1.45% per year as the Australian economy shifts from fossil-fuel-based energy to renewable energy. Economic activity of the non-energy sector contracts due to higher production costs related to the cost of abatement. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the GDP effects are rather sensitive to the speed with which NZE is reached. |
| Keywords: | computable general equilibrium, model Integration, net-zero transition, Australia |
| JEL: | C68 Q43 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2025-18 |
| By: | Imen Ghattassi (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord); David Dosso (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord); Francisco Serranito (EconomiX - EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This paper addresses climate change by examining the determinants of international climate finance. In response to the effects and potential damages of climate change, countries and international institutions are increasingly making efforts to mitigate its impacts. While financial assistance are being increasingly mobilized to help countries confront this threat, many nations remain underprepared for the effects of climate change and are at risk of experiencing significant economic and social damage due to climate-related events. This paper focuses on the allocation of international climate finance, exploring the extent to which countries are supported in their climate change adaptation efforts, particularly with regard to more vulnerable nations. By employing a Gravity Panel Model that includes 140 recipient and 30 provider countries over the period 2000-2021, this paper shows that vulnerable countries to climate change are not likely to receive climate finance in the form of either grants or loans. Political ties and economic interests appear to play a significant role in the allocation of international climate finance. |
| Keywords: | international climate finance, climate vulnerability, gravity panel model |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cepnwp:hal-04984013 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40599 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Concessional Finance and Global Partnerships Energy-Energy Markets Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40353 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Protection Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41271 |
| By: | Bucher-Koenen, Tabea; Herforth, Anna-Lena; Kirschenmann, Karolin; Ravanbakhshhabibabadi, Monireh |
| Abstract: | The greening of the European economy will require large amounts of capital to flow into green projects. As the public sector alone will not be able to achieve this, European capital markets and the European banking system will play an important role in financ- ing the green transition. In this policy brief, we provide evidence on the drivers and barriers for private and institutional inves- tors to engage in financing the green transition from two recent projects funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the ZEW Sponsors' Association, respectively. For private investors, increasing (sustainable) financial lit- eracy is crucial to increase the capital market participation of EU households in general and sustainable investments in particu- lar. Furthermore, reliable and accessible information on sustainable financial products is important to facilitate retail investors' decisions to invest in green projects. For institutional investors, engagement and the integration of sustainability as an integral part of investment decisions seem to be the most promising ways to effectively create impact. For securitization to become a more attractive tool for financing the transition, it should be placed on a level regulatory playing field with other financial prod- ucts with similar risks. And while the new disclosure regulations impose high costs, their impact on sustainability remains un- clear. Overall, policymakers should focus on effective climate policies in the real economy and enabling regulatory frameworks for the financial sector. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewpbs:314443 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Energy-Energy and Mining Environment-Environmental Strategy |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41071 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Agriculture-Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats Environment-Forests and Forestry |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41122 |
| By: | adiid, hibanan |
| Abstract: | The concept of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) has gained increasing recognition as organizations strive to align their operations with environmental and social responsibility. This paper explores the critical role of SSCM in enhancing sustainability across supply chains, with a focus on minimizing environmental impacts, fostering ethical labor practices, and promoting responsible sourcing. As businesses face growing pressures to operate in an environmentally and socially responsible manner, SSCM emerges as a strategic framework to achieve these goals. Through an analysis of best practices, case studies, and emerging trends, this research seeks to shed light on the evolution of SSCM, its impact on businesses, and the future prospects it holds for fostering sustainability in global supply chains. |
| Date: | 2023–10–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dyhw8_v1 |
| By: | adiid, hibanan |
| Abstract: | The concept of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) has gained increasing recognition as organizations strive to align their operations with environmental and social responsibility. This paper explores the critical role of SSCM in enhancing sustainability across supply chains, with a focus on minimizing environmental impacts, fostering ethical labor practices, and promoting responsible sourcing. As businesses face growing pressures to operate in an environmentally and socially responsible manner, SSCM emerges as a strategic framework to achieve these goals. Through an analysis of best practices, case studies, and emerging trends, this research seeks to shed light on the evolution of SSCM, its impact on businesses, and the future prospects it holds for fostering sustainability in global supply chains. |
| Date: | 2023–10–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:c2jyq_v1 |
| By: | Luca Benati |
| Abstract: | I use Bayesian VARs with stochastic volatility to forecast global temperatures and sea level and ice cover in the Northern hemisphere until 2100, by exploiting (i) their long-run equilibrium relationship with climate change drivers (CCDs) and (ii) the relationship between world GDP and anthropogenic CCDs. Assuming that trend GDP growth will remain unchanged after 2024, and the world economy will fully decarbonize by 2050, global temperatures and sea level are projected to increase by 2.3 Celsius degrees and 38 centimeters respectively compared to pre-industrial times. Further, uncertainty is substantial, pointing to significant upward risks. Because of this, bringing climate change under control will require massive programme of carbon removal from the atmosphere, in order to bring anthropogenic CCDs back to the levels of the end of the XX century. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change; Bayesian VARs; stochastic volatility; cointegration; forecasting; conditional forecasts |
| JEL: | E2 E3 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ube:dpvwib:dp2503 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39560 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Science and Technology Development-Climate and Meteorology Environment-Climate Change Impacts Science and Technology Development-Science of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39815 |
| By: | Keuschnigg, Christian; Stalenis, Giedrius Kazimieras |
| Abstract: | We study a small open economy that must implement an emissions reduction plan and eventually phase out fossil fuel. R&D leads to the design of energy saving new machines. Endogenous scrapping eliminates old inefficient machines. We identify two distortions that delay the adoption and diffusion of energy saving technology: scrapping of old equipment and investment in new machines are both too low. The optimal policy to manage the energy transition thus combines a carbon tax with a profit tax to speed up exit, and an investment subsidy to speed up investment in new equipment. The optimal policy increases capital turnover, the diffusion of energy saving technology, and thereby mitigates the costs of the energy transition. Compared to a policy that exclusively relies on carbon taxes, the optimal policy could reduce the GDP loss of moving to net zero from 7.8 to 6.1% of GDP. |
| Keywords: | Energy saving innovation, vintage capital, emissions reduction |
| JEL: | D21 D62 H23 O33 Q41 Q43 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usg:econwp:2025:03 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Rural Development Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41407 |
| By: | Marion Davin (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Mouez Fodha (UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Thomas Seegmuller (AMSE - Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - ECM - École Centrale de Marseille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AMU - Aix Marseille Université) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines an endogenous growth model that allows us to consider the dynamics and sustainability of debt, pollution, and growth. Debt evolves according to the financing adaptation and mitigation efforts and to the damages caused by pollution. Three types of features are important for our analysis: the technology through the negative effect of pollution on TFP; the fiscal policy; the initial level of pollution and debt with respect to capital. Indeed, if the initial level of pollution is too high, the economy is relegated to an endogenous tipping zone where pollution perpetually increases relatively to capital. If the effect of pollution on TFP is too strong, the economy cannot converge to a stable and sustainable long-run balanced growth path. If the income tax rates are high enough, we can converge to a stable balanced growth path with low pollution and high debt relative to capital. This sustainable equilibrium can even be characterized by higher growth and welfare. This last result underlines the role that tax policy can play in reconciling debt and environmental sustainability. |
| Keywords: | Environmental damage, pollution, fiscal policy, public debt, sustainability |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:pseptp:hal-04990924 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40740 |
| By: | Sandström, Christian (Linnaeus University); Stenkula, Mikael (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)) |
| Abstract: | This paper critically evaluates the European Union’s shift towards large-scale green industrial policies. It highlights the risks of government-directed resource allocation, such as inefficiencies, misaligned incentives, rent-seeking, and lobbying. Politicians and bureaucrats at the EU level lack the ability to identify the future industries, products, and technologies for this policy to work effectively. The EU is not designed to operate large top-down interventions successfully. There is a substantial risk that large amounts of resources will be spent on initiatives that ultimately fail. Instead, this paper emphasizes competition- and technological-neutral frameworks, emissions trading systems, and general policy incentives. The paper concludes that a decentralized, market-driven approach is more sustainable for fostering innovation. |
| Keywords: | New industrial policy; Green investments; Innovation policy; Mission-oriented policies |
| JEL: | H50 L52 O38 P16 |
| Date: | 2025–02–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1523 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41241 |
| By: | Michaela Dolk; Dimitrios Laliotis; Sujan Lamichhane |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Finance and Development Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41037 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40688 |
| By: | VILLANI Davide (European Commission - JRC); GONZALEZ VAZQUEZ Ignacio (European Commission - JRC); FERNANDEZ MACIAS Enrique (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The green transition is set to transform labour markets, yet its impact remains difficult to measure. This paper critically examines the occupational approach—based on task-based measures—which is the most widely used framework among researchers and institutions for estimating green employment. First, we identify theoretical shortcomings in this approach, emphasizing that its reliance on occupational titles leads to false positives by misclassifying non-green jobs as green, while also producing false negatives by excluding key contributors to the green transition. Second, we highlight methodological issues, such as inconsistent categorizations, arbitrary task definitions, outdated classifications, and the flawed assumption that occupational content remains stable across time and countries. Third, we apply the occupational approach using the O*NET framework to quantify green employment in 24 European countries from 2011 to 2022. Our analysis reveals that, according to this method, there has been virtually no net creation of green jobs in Europe. Moreover, we find no meaningful correlation between the presence of green jobs and various aggregate and sectoral environmental indicators. These findings underscore the fundamental limitations of the occupational approach, suggesting that it is an inadequate tool for assessing the labour market effects of the green transition. We discuss how this measure is suitable for policy benchmarking in the context of the European green transition. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:laedte:202502 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41194 |
| By: | See, Priti |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the potential of biomimetics to revolutionize medical and food waste management systems in the United States. By forging circular economies in these fields, biomimetics can provide robust financial benefits. Furthermore, biomimetics can mitigate waste accumulation and related health hazards from such systems. In light of this paper’s findings, ongoing and long-term financial investments in biomimetic technology are recommended to create sustainable medical and food waste systems on a nationwide scale. |
| Date: | 2023–08–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:rg6q2_v1 |
| By: | Pablo Garcia Sanchez (Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Departement Economie et Recherche); Olivier Pierrard (Banque centrale du Luxembourg, epartement Economie et Recherche) |
| Abstract: | While a sustained contraction of global production could lower total carbon emissions, it would hamper economic development in poorer countries, reduce living standards for low-income households in advanced economies, and heighten the risk of social unrest. Therefore, reducing carbon intensity - emissions per unit of output - appears to be the most viable and sustainable path forward. We make two contributions: one empirical and one theoretical We make two contributions: one empirical and one theoretical. Empirically, we show that the transport equation, a basic partial differential equation from physics, captures well the evolution of the distribution of carbon intensities across major economies since 1995. Theoretically, we show that in an extended Solow model with abatement capital, the distribution of carbon intensity across a continuum of economies follows the dynamics described by the transport equation. Moreover, this theory-backed version remains empirically plausible under standard parameter values. In addition, unlike its empirical counterpart, it enables projections of emissions and temperature increases under various policy scenarios, aligning closely with forecasts by leading institutions. |
| Keywords: | Carbon intensity; Transport equation; Solow model |
| JEL: | O44 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025–03–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctl:louvir:2025006 |
| By: | Moustafa, Khaled (Founder & Editor of ArabiXiv) |
| Abstract: | Wildfires are a growing global threat that require effective prevention and control strategies. A novel fire suppression system is proposed, using a fleet of specialized and interconnected “firecraft” that pump water from nearby sources—such as rivers, lakes, seas, or dedicated fire hydrants—and disperse it through a continuous downpour over and around wildfire areas to effectively suppress the blaze. Key advantages of such a system include its potential for rapid response capability, making it particularly effective for controlling large wildfires in remote and inaccessible areas. While developing such a system may present technical and logistical challenges, these obstacles can be addressed through careful planning and innovation, without undermining its overall feasibility. Beyond its ability to quickly suppress fires, the system offers the potential to protect critical environmental resources, wildlife habitats, and biodiversity, making it a viable option that warrants exploration and investment to mitigate the broader ecological impacts of wildfires. |
| Date: | 2023–08–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:t7qz8_v1 |
| By: | Monyl Toga; Maria Rodriguez; Ashok Sarkar; Jari Vayrynen; Ashini Samarasinghe |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Energy-Energy and Environment Urban Development-Urban Housing |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40695 |
| By: | A.C. Pinate; M. Dal Molin; M.G. Brandano |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the relationship between institutional quality and green innovation in Italian regions (NUTS2). We examine how varying levels of institutional quality influence the regional capacity to generate green innovation, disentangling the effects related to economic institutions (corruption, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality) from the impacts associated with political institutions (rule of law and voice and accountability). Using a panel of data for 2004–2018 on green patents, we use an instrumental variable IV approach to control for endogeneity and several robustness checks. Our results show that the most important drivers of green innovation are related to the quality of political institutions. These findings remain robust, even when checking for economic and environmental controls, demonstrating that green innovation is more related to political decisions and social capital than innovation in general is. |
| Keywords: | regional green innovation;green patents;Institutional Quality;italy |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cns:cnscwp:202508 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41437 |
| By: | Bianca Bianchi Alves; Lama Bou Mjahed; Joanna Moody |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40373 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41249 |
| By: | Wu, Qiang; Zhou, Peng (Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University) |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial in achieving the carbon peak and neutrality goals and mitigating climate change. Although previous studies have explored cross-sectional differences in corporate carbon emissions, temporal heterogeneities in firm lifecycles have been overlooked. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of AI adoption on carbon emission intensity over firm lifecycles and the micro-level mechanisms of this effect. This study examines panel data from Chinese listed companies (2010–2021) using a two-way fixed-effects model and the difference-in-differences method. The empirical results demonstrate that AI significantly reduces enterprises’ carbon emission intensity. However, this effect is mainly observed in growth-stage enterprises and not in decline-stage enterprises. The mechanism analysis reveals that AI primarily reduces enterprises’ carbon emission intensity by improving productivity and promoting innovation. The effect on productivity is particularly evident in growth-stage enterprises, whereas the effect on innovation is dominant in decline-stage enterprises. Heterogeneity tests indicate that the effect on state-owned enterprises, medium-sized enterprises, the manufacturing sector, heavily polluting industries, non-high-tech industries, and capital-intensive industries is more pronounced than that on other enterprises. These findings suggest that enterprises should actively adopt AI, and differentiated AI adoption strategies should be formulated based on the needs of enterprises at different lifecycle stages. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence; carbon emission intensity; firm lifecycle; productivity |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdf:wpaper:2025/9 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40483 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41159 |
| By: | Duong, Thi Minh-Phuong |
| Abstract: | The ASA’s criticism serves as a reminder that organizations must align their actions with their environmental claims to contribute to environmental betterment genuinely. Otherwise, that will not be a pursuit of eco-surplus culture but a greenwashing culture that keeps distancing the business sector from achieving the environmental semiconducting principle |
| Date: | 2023–09–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6qnhb_v1 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Rural Energy Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Rural Development-Rural Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40950 |
| By: | D Kaczan; F Nurhabni; W Cheung; T Frölicher; A Kuswardani; V Lam; U Muawanah; R Puspasari; G Reygondeau; U Sumaila; L Teh |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Agriculture-Fisheries & Aquaculture |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40564 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy-Energy Production and Transportation |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41017 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Forecasting Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40729 |
| By: | David Newbery |
| Keywords: | Variable renewable electricity, marginal curtailment, average curtailment, levelised cost of electricity, VRE support design |
| JEL: | L94 Q42 Q48 |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:enp:wpaper:eprg2503 |
| By: | Chandan Deuskar; Mark Roberts; Nicholas Jones; Jane Park |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Urban Environment Urban Development-Urban Health Urban Development-Urban Housing Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Social Protections and Labor-Labor Standards |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40771 |
| By: | ALOISI Antonio |
| Abstract: | The green and digital transitions are increasingly described as the ‘twin transition’ in EU policy documents, social partners’ strategic plans and academic debates. However, the exact meaning of this term remains ambiguous, and the interconnections between these transitions are largely unexplored. This paper aims to clarify the motivations and pitfalls behind their ‘twinning’ and assess where and how their convergence might be successful. It considers the socioeconomic risks, policy trade-offs and implications for the future of work. The analysis covers major EU employment and social policy developments concerning workers’ environmental and digital rights, as enshrined in legislation that presents a ‘mix’ between two distinct legal areas. A key finding is that the transitions are often treated as separate rather than integrated phenomena, with limited direct spillovers. However, despite shifts in institutional agendas and inconsistencies in understanding, the underlying priorities remain deeply entrenched. This paper identifies regulatory gaps and rigidities that maintain outdated, inflexible and hierarchical organisational paradigms, which are ill-suited to the demands of the twin transitions. It also calls for regenerating labour regulation to foster positive interactions and modernisation of work practices. The proposed normative changes should promote worker-oriented flexibility, universal labour protection and worker participation in technological and green initiatives, paving the way for more sustainable working arrangements. |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:laedte:202501 |
| By: | Somik V. Lall; Jon Kher Kaw; Forhad Shilpi; Sally Beth Murray |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40712 |
| By: | De Melo, Jaime; Solleder, Jean-Marc |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the likely effects of tariff reductions under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It proceeds in three steps, with all estimates relying on the most recent, i.e. 2015, disaggregated data on emissions intensities. First, we show that, across African countries, CO2 intensities are higher in the more protected sectors, so that, at unchanged emission intensities, tariff elimination on intra-African trade during AfCFTA should favour CO2 intensive activities. Second, for the EAC and ECOWAS, the two RECs for which AfCFTA-compliant tariff reduction schedules are available, we estimate that removing tariffs on goods in the tariff elimination list would reduce progressively the carbon intensity of trade for these goods. The estimates suggest that an increase of 1% of the emission intensity is associated with a decrease of about 0.09% of the MFN tariff. Third, to see which effect will dominate, we estimate partial equilibrium effects of full tariff elimination under AfCFTA and find that intra-African trade would increase by 32% and emissions embedded in trade by 24%, implying a CO2 elasticity to trade of 0.74, thus, reducing the CO2 emission intensity of Intra-African trade. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:77a7d84a-0c8e-4b20-b1c1-a89ee8d596c8 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Economics & Policies Environment-Environmental Governance Water Supply and Sanitation-Landfills Energy-Energy and Natural Resources |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40686 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Applications Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Policy and Strategies Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40692 |
| By: | Michel Bellet (Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, CNRS, Université Lyon 2, emlyon, GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne UMR 5824, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France) |
| Abstract: | Saint-Simonianism is often associated with the promotion of a productivist industrialism rooted in science and technology—a model that has fueled, to this day, a tension between its emancipatory and reformist aspirations on one hand, and environmental considerations on the other. This article reexamines that assessment in detail by exploring Saint-Simon’s naturalist philosophy and its transformation by his disciples. It highlights and explains lesser-known aspects that add complexity to the initial interpretation without fundamentally challenging it. |
| Keywords: | Saint-Simonianism, industrialism, ecological economics, naturalist philosophy, religion |
| JEL: | B14 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gat:wpaper:2504 |
| By: | Nam, Nguyễn Hoàng |
| Abstract: | After more than 350 years since the first steam-powered vehicle was invented in 1672, much has been changed in the automotive industry towards sustainable and environmentally friendly products. Nowadays, the development of a circular economy (CE) in the automotive industry has attracted the attention of many countries. The main objective of study is to understand how to approach sustainable products in the automotive industry and adapt to social needs. Through analysis and synthesis methods, the study analyzed international car manufacturers’ experience in developing sustainable products. The results indicate that there is a trend of switching to electric vehicles in the policies of international car manufacturers, while car manufacturers also set policies and regulations in accessing sustainable products for the development of CE. |
| Date: | 2023–09–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ybqrj_v1 |
| By: | Catarina Midões (Ca’ Foscari University of Venice; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona); Enrica De Cian (Ca’ Foscari University of Venice; Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici; RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment) |
| Abstract: | Climate change is bringing abnormally high temperatures to Europe and thus a substantial physical and mental health burden, especially for older populations. We expand the individual longitudinal Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement (SHARE) on the 50+ population in Europe, with heat exposure from gridded datasets and derived household location. We estimate that ten extra days in a year at 31º, an increase predicted for many European regions, without air-conditioning (AC), increases by 3 - 7 p.p. the probability of reporting fatigue, by 2 - 4 p.p. of reporting reduced appetite and by 4 p.p. of reporting difficulties sleeping. It also increases the probability of being irritable by 4 p.p., but the effect is short lived. Ultimately, heat increases the probability of hospitalization by 2 - 4 p.p.. Addressing potential biases in estimating AC's effect, we find that it protects meaningfully against hospitalization risk and especially against fatigue, but not against irritability nor difficulties sleeping. These states are mechanisms behind socio-economic outcomes connected with rising temperatures - cognitive performance, labour productivity, and aggressive behaviours. We find that the effects of heat and AC's protection accrue over time. The evidence of significant residual impacts calls for research on alternative adaptation measures. |
| Keywords: | Climate Adaptation, Air-conditioning, Heat, Well-being, Climate Change |
| JEL: | D12 O13 Q41 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2025:03 |
| By: | Ai-Ju Huang; David Githiri Njoroge; Lilian Otiego; Alexander Danilenko |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Monitoring and Evaluation in Water Supply and Sanitation Water Resources-Water Policy & Governance Water Resources-Water Use |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39897 |
| By: | Luxton, Sarah; Smith, Greg; Williams, Kristen; Ferrier, Simon; Bond, Anthelia; Prober, Suzanne |
| Abstract: | Global biodiversity is in decline and businesses are being asked to urgently create new operating models to ameliorate the crisis. Amongst the strategies proposed to do this, the development of an economy that is ‘nature-positive’ has captured worldwide attention. Publicised as biodiversity’s catch-all equivalent for a carbon net-zero future, organisations from the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures to the World Economic Forum are calling for a transition to nature-positive, but little guidance exists as to what this means and how to do it. In this article, we outline financial opportunities, ecological concepts, and risks underpinning aspirations for a nature-positive economy, including seven financial instruments, and four ecological concepts that form the foundation of nature-positive (health, abundance, diversity, and resilience). We then outline six classes and 30 drivers of risk that could arise through poor design or implementation of the nature-positive economy, and touch on mitigation measures to prevent these. |
| Date: | 2023–07–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:cu8rj_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Finance and Financial Sector Development-Insurance & Risk Mitigation International Economics and Trade-Trade Finance and Investment Finance and Financial Sector Development International Economics and Trade-Trade Policy |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42414 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-City Development Strategies Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41220 |
| By: | Fabien Giauque; Mehdi Farsi; Sylvain Weber; Michael Puntiroli |
| Abstract: | Using a discrete choice experiment (DCE), we analyze how social comparisons and financial information influence households' preferences and trade-offs among three sustainable electricity demand behaviors: conservation actions, efficiency investments, and purchasing a green power mix. Our results show that while a strong majority favors sustainable behaviors over inaction, both interventions significantly increase the likelihood of choosing inaction. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that this negative effect is driven by households with above-average consumption. Furthermore, our findings highlight conflicting motivational mechanisms, suggesting that financial information within normative messages may crowd out intrinsic motivation. |
| Keywords: | Electricity-saving behaviors, households' preferences, social comparisons, financial information; discrete choice experiment, mixed logit (MXL) model, crowding out effect |
| JEL: | D12 D91 Q48 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irn:wpaper:25-02 |
| By: | Claudia Vasquez Suarez; Roberto Estevez; Arcenio Torres |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40827 |
| By: | Scanlan, Oliver |
| Abstract: | The outcome of COP 15 is unlikely to end the debate over the potential adverse effects on human beings caused by a dramatic expansion of area-based conservation targets. Despite uncertainties, common features of a design for conservation approaches that are compatible with human rights commitments have emerged from the literature. These include a substantive decentralisation of decision making to communities, and the application of the principles of recognitional, procedural and distributive justice. Simply by analysing existing documentation disclosed by major conservation initiatives, it is possible to assess how effectively current mainstream approaches, defined by those supported by multilateral donors like the World Bank, embed these features at the intervention level. The Sustainable Forests and Livelihoods (SUFAL) project is currently being funded by the World Bank in Bangladesh, and suffers from major shortcomings relating to all of these characteristics. It is likely that the project will have an adverse impact on local communities, including highly marginalised Indigenous peoples, if it has not already done so. To the extent that the approach used by the World Bank in Bangladesh is replicated by other major actors in the conservation space, so too will these negative human impacts be replicated, vindicating critics of the “30 x 30” target. |
| Date: | 2023–09–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:8tcys_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Water Resources-Coastal and Marine Resources Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40683 |
| By: | World Bank; Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Private Sector Development-Business Environment |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41223 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Angelos Alamanos; Giannis Arampatzidis; Stathis Devves; Jeffrey D Sachs |
| Abstract: | As global commitments to decarbonization intensify, energy-emission models are becoming increasingly vital for policymaking, offering data-driven insights to evaluate the feasibility and impact of climate strategies. These models help governments design evidence-based policies, assess mitigation pathways, and ensure alignment with national and international targets, such as the Paris Agreement and the EU Green Deal. Researchers often spend a lot of time considering their modelling choices to develop the best possible tools in terms of data-requirements, accuracy, computational demand, while there is always a 'debate' of complexity versus explicability and ready-to-use models for policymaking. Especially for energy-emissions models, given their increasing policy-relevance, and the need to provide insights fast for short-term policies (e.g. 2030, or 2050 net-zero goals), such considerations become increasingly pressing. In this paper, we present two different versions of the same energy-emissions model, and we run them for the same study area, planning horizon, and scenario analysis. The two versions differ only in how they approach complexity: Version1 is a more 'detailed', complex model, while Version2 is a 'simpler' and less data-hungry one. A set of evaluation criteria was then used to qualitatively compare these two versions, based on modelling- and policymaking-related considerations, debating modelers' and policymakers' expectations and preferences. We reflect on best modelling practices, discuss different goal-dependent approaches, providing useful guidance for modelers and policymakers. |
| Keywords: | Energy-emissions modelling, Decarbonization pathways, Model development, LEAP, Models to policy. |
| Date: | 2025–03–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2528 |
| By: | Navaratne, Atharva |
| Abstract: | All things considered, integrating sustainability into marketing strategies has the potential to profoundly shape consumer perception and brand loyalty. By aligning with consumer values and addressing social and environmental concerns, brands can forge deeper connections and drive positive impact. The integration of sustainability in marketing is marked by challenges which necessitate genuine commitment, transparency, and adaptability. As the discourse on sustainability continues to evolve, the strategic interplay between brands and consumer still remains pivotal in shaping a more responsible marketplace. |
| Date: | 2023–08–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:djtvz_v1 |
| By: | White, Thomas; Bromwich, Talitha; Bang, Ashley H Y; Bennun, Leon; Bull, Joseph W.; Clark, Michael; Milner-Gulland, E.J.; Prescott, Graham; Starkey, Malcolm; zu Ermgassen, Sophus Olav Sven Emil |
| Abstract: | The 2022 Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework calls upon the private sector to take substantial action to mitigate its negative impacts on biodiversity and contribute towards nature recovery. The term ‘Nature Positive’ has gained traction in biodiversity conservation discourse to describe both a societal goal and the ambitions of individual organisations to halt and reverse nature loss. However, enabling businesses to contribute towards Nature Positive outcomes will require major shifts in the way businesses and society operate, and research that can help guide and prioritise business actions. As a group of researchers and consultants working at the interface between business and biodiversity, we propose a conceptual model through which private sector contributions to a Nature Positive future could be realised and use it to identify priority research questions. The key questions address: i) sectoral strategic options, ii) methods and approaches individual businesses can implement to inform these strategies, iii) systemic driving forces that influence private sector action, and iv) how outcomes are measured to deliver Nature Positive contributions. Collaborations between researchers, businesses and industry bodies are needed to co-design and implement research, where there is currently no coordinated approach to identify and fund priority research areas for Nature Positive themes. A clearly structured and prioritised research agenda is vital to guide effective, equitable and timely action by businesses. |
| Date: | 2023–09–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:nya52_v1 |
| By: | Flavio de Carolis; Vinzenz Peters |
| Abstract: | We investigate how leverage and the debt maturity structure of SMEs influences their resilience to floods. Using a dataset of six million geo-coded firm-year observations across nine European countries and granular flood maps, we employ dynamic difference- in-differences estimators to assess the economic impacts of floods and the mediating effects of leverage and debt maturity. Our findings highlight a non-linear relationship between leverage and resilience. SMEs with high levels of short-term debt and low levels of long-term debt show more severe reductions in their post-flood employment growth. |
| Keywords: | Economic Resilience; Climate Change; Floods; Leverage; Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises |
| JEL: | G32 J21 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dnb:dnbwpp:832 |
| By: | Asha Williams; Gracia Hadiwidjaja; Rabia Ali; Imam Setiawan |
| Keywords: | Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41180 |
| By: | Vargas Pérez, Andrés (Fundación Universidad del Norte); Ramos Ruiz, José Luis (Fundación Universidad del Norte) |
| Abstract: | La producción de alimentos es una de las principales causas de la pérdida de biodiversidad, emisión de gases efecto invernadero, así como de otros impactos negativos ambientalmente. A su vez, la producción de alimentos depende estrechamente de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos que de ella se derivan. La sostenibilidad, entendida como la capacidad de producir alimentos en suficiente cantidad, calidad, y variedad, para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria de la población, se soporta en la salud de los ecosistemas. Esta capacidad, está siendo disminuida tanto por las prácticas agrícolas como por los efectos del cambio climático. La variabilidad climática, los eventos, extremos, las modificaciones de los patrones estacionales, y los cambios de largo plazo en temperatura y precipitaciones, impactan de manera negativa la producción de alimentos, y por lo tanto las condiciones de vida de los productores, y comprometen la seguridad alimentaria de la población. En este sentido, el sistema de producción alimentario requiere transformarse con miras a alcanzar los objetivos simultáneos de protección de la biodiversidad, mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático, y seguridad alimentaria. En este documento se argumenta que la mayor integración de la biodiversidad en los sistemas de producción agrícola los hace más resilientes al cambio climático. Este análisis es relevante para Colombia toda vez que en ella convergen la ruralidad, elevados índices de pobreza e inseguridad alimentaria, un proceso de degradación ambiental acelerado, y alta vulnerabilidad al cambio climático. |
| JEL: | A10 |
| Date: | 2025–03–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000383:000058 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Development Economics & Aid Effectiveness |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41225 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Energy and Natural Resources Energy-Renewable Energy |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40922 |
| By: | Nassiri, Somayeh; Roy, Souvik; Haider, Md Mostofa; Butt, Ali A; Pandit, Gandhar A; Harvey, John T |
| Abstract: | Research has demonstrated the multiple benefits of fibers for the early and late-age performance of concrete pavements and bridge decks. Many research studies have also shown that the expected enhancements in properties of concrete with recycled fibers could be commensurate with those of concrete reinforced with virgin fibers. However, compared with virgin polymeric fibers and steel fibers from primary steel, recycled fibers and fibers from natural sources are not as commonly implemented in construction due to several barriers. Some of these obstacles include a lack of research on recycled fibers, leading to gaps in technical performance data, case studies, test tracks, and pilot projects. The primary reason for the lack of research is related to gaps in information regarding the quality of recycled fibers compared to virgin fibers. To help overcome some of these barriers, this study included a comprehensive survey of concrete fiber suppliers. Those suppliers with recycled fiber and natural fiber manufacturing lines were identified and interviewed. The categories of fibers included in this report are recycled polymeric fibers, natural fibers mainly from cellulose, recycled steel fibers, carbon and glass fiber-reinforced polymer composites (for example, from end-of-life windmill blades), recycled carbon fibers, and glass and basalt fibers. The information gathered from the manufacturers is summarized in this report and includes the feedstock material, recycling process, geometric properties of fibers, recommended load for concrete flatwork applications, performance data (if available), cost, and environmental product declaration, if available. In addition to manufacturers’ surveys, a synthesis of performance in concrete is provided based on published technical literature for each fiber type. The topics included in the literature review are fiber dispersion and the impacts of fibers on the workability of concrete, plastic and drying shrinkage, strength and post-cracking performance, and durability of concrete. Based on this comprehensive review, many fibers from recycled and natural sources were identified for each source material. These fibers are already available on a large scale in the market, and several have been successfully implemented in concrete applications. In the case of steel and carbon fibers, recycled fibers are available at a fraction of the cost of virgin fibers, making this product more feasible in construction. Cellulosic fibers appear to have great potential to reduce plastic shrinkage cracking in concrete. Glass and basalt fibers are from natural silica sources and offer many structural advantages to the performance of concrete. These fibers are recommended for laboratory testing in the next phase of the project. |
| Keywords: | Engineering, fibers, recycled fibers, fiber-reinforced concrete, steel fibers, plastic fibers, glass fibers |
| Date: | 2025–03–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt9pf3f8gm |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Private Sector Development-Private Sector Economics |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41059 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Social Protections and Labor-Employment and Unemployment Environment-Environmental Protection Social Protections and Labor-Work & Working Conditions |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40726 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Private Sector Development-Private Sector Economics Agriculture-Agribusiness Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41198 |
| By: | Mahdavi, Paasha |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences |
| Date: | 2025–03–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt0wj8009x |
| By: | Chakraborty, Kritika Sen; Villa, Kira |
| Abstract: | Climate change disproportionately affects rural economies, particularly in poorer regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, where livelihoods depend on weather fluctuations. South Africa, a middle-income country located within a drought belt, has experienced exacerbated drought conditions in recent years. In 2015-2016, the country suffered the worst drought in decades, which substantially decreased food production (World Bank Group, 2021). To cope with weather events, households employ several strategies, including adjusting the human capital investments and labour supply responses of household members as a form of self-insurance. Rainfall shocks, as a proxy for agricultural productivity shocks, can affect the schoolwork decisions of adolescents and young adults in rural South Africa. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable as they may be forced to enter the labour market to cope with shocks, resulting in school termination and, consequently, long-lasting negative effects on human capital accumulation. Exploring the weather shocks-human capital nexus is crucial for South Africa, which has around 207, 714, out-of-school adolescents and a low net secondary school enrollment rate of 70.3 % in 2019 (UNESCO, 2019). |
| Date: | 2024–03–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:2c9f02bc-6112-42f7-b40c-b1b39c537c00 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Energy and Environment |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40848 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Natural Disasters Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance Governance-Governance Indicators |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39521 |
| By: | Wenting Wei |
| Keywords: | Governance-E-Government Private Sector Development-Business Environment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41326 |
| By: | Nelli, Linnea; Virgillito, Maria Enrica; Vivarelli, Marco |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to understand whether what has been labelled as “twin transition”, at first as a policy flagship, endogenously emerges as a new technological trajectory stemming by the convergence of the green and digital technologies. Embracing an evolutionary approach to technology, we first identify the set of relevant technologies defined as “green”, analyse their evolution in terms of dominant blocks within the green technologies and concurrences with digital technologies, drawing on 560, 720 granted patents by the US Patent Office from 1976 to 2024. Three dominant blocks emerge as relevant in defining the direction of innovative efforts, namely energy, transport and production processes. We assess the technological concentration and underlying complexity of the dominant blocks and construct counterfactual scenarios. We hardly find evidence of patterns of actual endogenous convergence of green and digital technologies in the period under analysis. On the whole, for the time being, the “twin transition” appears to be just a policy flagship, rather than an actual endogenous technological trajectory driving structural change. |
| JEL: | O33 O38 Q55 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–03–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2025008 |
| By: | Dhushyanth Raju; Stephen D. Younger; Christabel Dadzie |
| Keywords: | Social Protections and Labor-Safety Nets and Transfers Social Development-Social Aspects of Climate Change Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39751 |
| By: | Angerer, Andrea; Busch, Roland; Douglas, Martyn; Endemann, Peter; Flämig, Heike; Hesse, Markus; Hülz, Martina; Leerkamp, Bert; Rössig, August-Friedrich; Thiemermann, Andre |
| Abstract: | Güterverkehr und Logistik sind in hohem Maße raumwirksam, werden aber dennoch in der Kommunal- und Regionalplanung nur unzureichend planerisch adressiert und nicht integriert behandelt. Planerische Strategien und Instrumente sind dazu jedoch durchaus vorhanden. Eine integrierte Verkehrs- und Standortplanung auf den relevanten Handlungsebenen kann dazu beitragen, eine nachhaltige Ver- und Entsorgung von Bevölkerung und Wirtschaft mit stabilen Lieferketten in Städten und Regionen zu unterstützen. |
| Abstract: | Freight transport and logistics have a high spatial impact, but are nevertheless insufficiently addressed in urban and regional planning and are not dealt with in an integrated manner. However, planning strategies and instruments are certainly available. Integrated transport and site planning at the relevant levels of action can help to support sustainable supply and disposal for the population and the economy with stable supply chains in cities and regions. |
| Keywords: | Logistik, Güterverkehr, Raumplanung, räumliche Entwicklung, Kommunal- und Regionalplanung, integrierte Verkehrs- und Standortplanung, nachhaltige Entwicklung, Logistics, freight transport, spatial planning, spatial development, urban planning, regional planning, integrated transport and site planning, sustainable development |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:arlpos:314428 |
| By: | Maddalena Honorati; Céline Ferré; Tomasz Gajderowicz |
| Keywords: | Energy-Coal and Lignite |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:39843 |
| By: | Valeria Fanghella (EESC-GEM Grenoble Ecole de Management); Lisette Ibanez (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); John Thøgersen (Aarhus University [Aarhus]) |
| Abstract: | Recent research suggests that people are willing to pay to avoid requests for prosocial behavior. However, it is unknown whether this applies to private pro-environmental requests. To study this, we conducted a preregistered, incentivized online experiment where participants played two consecutive dictator games with an environmental charity of their choice. In stage 1, we varied the type of dictator game and the information provided in a 2 × 2 factorial between-subject design: (i) a standard dictator game versus one with a costly opt-out option; (ii) with or without social information about the average donation made by participants in a previous session. All participants played a standard dictator game in stage 2, the primary aim of which was to capture temporal spillovers from stage 1. Overall, 9 % of participants opted out, leading to lower donations in the dictator game with the costly opt-out option. Providing social information decreases donations in the standard dictator game and appears to increase opt-outs when the costly opt-out option is available, but not statistically significant. Distinct spillover effects emerged depending on the options available and decisions made in stage 1, indicating that the context and motivation of the initial behavior affect the direction of the temporal spillover. |
| Keywords: | Dictator game, Opt-out option, ENGO, Temporal spillover, Social information |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:hal-04982503 |
| By: | Tingley, Dustin |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences |
| Date: | 2025–03–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt5jd1k428 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Demand Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Renewable Energy |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41170 |
| By: | España, Sergio; Thorsteinsdottir, Gudrun; Ramautar, Vijanti; Pastor, Óscar |
| Abstract: | Enterprise modelling has been used traditionally to elicit and document phenomena related to organisations. It has proven to be valueble within research and industry projects in the domains of enterprise engineering and information systems engineering. Yet, in this work, we apply enterprise modelling as a research method to investigate the links between ethical, social and environmental accounting (a.k.a. sustainability reporting) and strategic management practices. Such links have been theorised or anecdotically reported in scientific literature within the fields of sustainability management, accounting, corporate social responsibility, and corporate governance. But, to date, there has been no rigorous investigation into the concrete ways in which both practices interrelate. In this work, we conduct six literature-based case studies and five observational case studies within large companies, applying enteprise modelling to reveal the links between sustainability reporting and strategic management and document them. We have found evidences in all case studies, demonstrating that such form of accounting has value for stragegic management, who uses the reported results to steer the company and determine organisational policies. Strategic managers also provide input that the accounting department uses to adapt the ethical, social and environmental accounting method to the needs of strategic managers. These results open up new avenues of research in sustainability reporting, and supports our claim that enterprise modelling is a valid and useful research method beyond enterprise and information systems engineering. |
| Date: | 2023–09–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xv529_v1 |
| By: | Indrageni, Putri |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to determine of job stress effect, job satisfaction and organizational climateto turnover intention on the PT. Kencana Sawit Indonesia. The respondentamounted to52 staff, determining respondents using random sampling from the number of respondent 108. Data was collected byquestionnaires. The study uses the job stress and organizational climate of independent variables and turnover intention of dependent variables along job satifaction mediation variables.This shows that the higher the perceived stress, the greater the employee turnover intention, and the better the organizational climate satifaction and turnover intention would be lower. |
| Date: | 2023–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2386f_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance Private Sector Development-Private Sector Economics Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Agriculture-Agricultural Sector Economics Industry-Accommodation & Tourism Industry |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40562 |
| By: | Ochou, Fabrice Esse; Ouattara, Pierre Dignakouho |
| Abstract: | Le changement climatique pese sur le secteur de l'agriculture depuis quelques decennies. Cet impact pourrait avoir de graves consequences pour les agriculteurs des pays en developpement. Ce document applique l'approche spatiale pour evaluer la reponse du revenu agricole net au changement climatique en Cote d'Ivoire. Il utilise d'abord une simple approche comparative statique pour montrer que l'imperfection du marche induit une heterogeneite spatiale dans les prix des produits agricoles et donc une autocorrelation spatiale. Prenant ces resultats comme point de depart, l'analyse empirique utilise un modele d'erreur de Durbin spatial base sur les donnees de l'enquete de 2016 de la Banque mondiale sur les menages de petits exploitants en Cote d'Ivoire. Les resultats revelent que les precipitations ont un effet direct non lineaire et des retombees lineaires positives sur le revenu agricole net. En outre, le document montre que l'effet marginal total des precipitations est positif dans les regions du centre, de l'est et du nord du pays et negatif dans les regions cotieres et occidentales. En outre, les previsions indiquent qu'une diminution des precipitations moyennes de 5 a 10 % entraine en general une diminution du revenu agricole net moyen d'environ 0, 45 % a 1, 38 %, tandis qu'une augmentation dans les memes fourchettes entraine une diminution du revenu agricole net moyen d'environ 0, 02 % a 0, 05 %. |
| Date: | 2024–04–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:d5f68d36-756e-4684-a018-49c464ef14d3 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Private Sector Development |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41216 |
| By: | Mario Mansour; Marijn Verhoeven; Fayçal Sawadogo; Benedict Chu Sheen Tan |
| Abstract: | This note presents the methodology behind the IMF’s World Revenue Longitudinal Database, a comprehensive data set that tracks government revenue trends since the early 1990s. With data for 193 countries, including 190 IMF member countries, the World Revenue Longitudinal Database provides policymakers, researchers, and the public with invaluable insights into the evolution of the level and composition of revenues and tax revenues. It is a unique, consistent, and reliable source for comparing countries around the world, helping to shape policies that support the Sustainable Development Goals, climate action, and economic equity. Updated annually, the database and accompanying technical note provide a concise overview of recent revenue developments, data revisions, and methodological improvements, making it an essential resource for understanding revenue mobilization developments at the global level. |
| Keywords: | World Revenue Longitudinal Database; tax revenues; nontax revenues; tax potential |
| Date: | 2025–03–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imftnm:2025/004 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Development Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Forecasting Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets Private Sector Development-Privatization Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41036 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Forecasting Energy-Energy and Economic Development |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40882 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Social Development-Social Risk Management Environment-Environmental Disasters & Degradation Governance-Political Systems and Analysis |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40749 |
| By: | Pascal Jaupart; Aditi Kharb; Ailo-Klara Manigat; Caroline Tassot; Cornelia Tesliuc |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40682 |
| By: | Ajai Nair; Barry Maher; Qhelile Ndlovu; Andrea Stoppa; Chris Hoveka |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agricultural Sector Economics Environment-Natural Disasters Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Fiscal & Monetary Policy |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41086 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41409 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Industry-General Manufacturing Energy-Energy Resources Development Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41226 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States Environment-Natural Disasters Finance and Financial Sector Development-Finance and Development |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41039 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Renewable Energy Energy-Energy Resources Development |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40470 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Resources Development Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40817 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Renewable Energy Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor-Skills Development and Labor Force Training |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41077 |
| By: | World Bank; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40816 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy and Environment Energy-Renewable Energy Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40962 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41183 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40921 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Hazard Risk Management Finance and Financial Sector Development-Insurance & Risk Mitigation Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40753 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Energy-Energy Resources Development Environment-Water Resources Management Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Policy and Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41195 |
| By: | Oleche, Martine; Kamau, Paul; Muriithi, Moses; Njoka, John; Ngigi, Samuel |
| Abstract: | The COVID-19 pandemic affected the way children experience education and, by extension, the learning capability. It is evidenced that the longer they stayed out of school, the greater the risk of the poorest among them dropping out completely. Furthermore, even when they returned back to school their performance was dismal (Miguel and Kremer, 2004; UN, 2020). Access to learning technology during the period of closure in Kenya seems to have favored disproportionately the private schools pupils at the expense of public-school pupils. This in a sense introduced inequality in school attendance which to large extent was not justifiable. In addition, it contravened the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 on quality education and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)10 on reduction of inequality. It is therefore clear that the pandemic adversely affected quality and quantity of learning outcomes in Kenya and more severely the poor households. |
| Date: | 2024–04–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:8155995e-34cc-4e7a-abf2-cce6c668e4f3 |