|
on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Anne de Bortoli; Adelaide Feraille |
| Abstract: | Long-distance mobility sustainability, high-speed railways (HSR) decarbonization effect, and bans for short-haul flights are debated in Europe. Yet, holistic environmental assessments on these topics are scarce. A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the Paris-Bordeaux transportation options in France: HSR, plane, coach, personal car, and carpooling. The overall ranking on four environmental indicators, from best to worst, is as follows: coach, HSR, carpooling, private car, and plane. Scenario analyses showed that increasing train occupancy decreases the environmental impact of the mode (-12%), while decreasing speed does not. Moreover, worldwide carbon footprints of electric HSR modes range 30-120 gCO2eq per passenger-kilometer traveled. Finally, a consequential LCA highlighted carbon paybacks of the HSR project. Under a business-as-usual trip substitution scenario, the HSR gets net-zero 60 years after construction. With a short-haul flight ban, it occurs after 10 years. This advocates for generalizing short-haul flight bans and investing in HSR infrastructure. |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.05192 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42360 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42395 |
| By: | Wollburg, Philip Randolph; Hallegatte, Stephane; Mahler, Daniel Gerszon |
| Abstract: | Previous studies have explored potential conflicts between ending poverty and limiting global warming, by focusing on the carbon emissions of the world’s poorest. This paper instead focuses on economic growth as the driver of poverty alleviation and estimates the emissions associated with the growth needed to eradicate poverty. With this framing, eradicating poverty requires not only increasing the consumption of poor people, but also the consumption of non-poor people in poor countries. Even in this more pessimistic framing, the global emissions increase associated with eradicating extreme poverty is small, at 2.37 gigatonnes of equivalent carbon dioxide in 2050, or 4.9 percent of 2019 global emissions. These additional emissions would not materially affect the global climate change challenge: global emissions would need to be reduced by 2.08 gigatonnes of equivalent carbon dioxide per year, instead of the 2.0 gigatonnes of equivalent carbon dioxide per year needed in the absence of any extreme poverty eradication. Lower inequality, higher energy efficiency, and decarbonization of energy can significantly ease this trade-off: assuming the best historical performance in all countries, the additional emissions for poverty eradication are reduced by 90 percent. Therefore, the need to eradicate extreme poverty cannot be used as a justification for reducing the world’s climate ambitions. When trade-offs exist, the eradication of extreme poverty can be prioritized with negligible emissions implications. The estimated emissions of eradicating poverty are 15.3 percent of 2019 emissions with the lower-middle-income poverty line at $3.65 per day and or 45.7 percent of 2019 emissions with the $6.85 upper-middle-income poverty line. The challenge to align the world’s development and climate objectives is not in reconciling extreme poverty alleviation with climate objectives but in providing middle-income standards of living in a sustainable manner. |
| Date: | 2023–02–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10318 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42288 |
| By: | Elise Doumergue; Shaadee Ahmadnia; Max Hammond; Caio de Araújo Barbosa |
| Keywords: | Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change and Environment |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42295 |
| By: | M. Mani; H. Pollitt |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42397 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts International Economics and Trade-Trade and Transport Urban Development-National Urban Development Policies & Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42403 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42281 |
| By: | World Bank; Carbon Markets Infrastructure Working Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading Environment-Climate Change Impacts |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42389 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41803 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42361 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42286 |
| By: | Fiegenbaum, Hanna |
| Abstract: | Carbon credits are a key component of most national and organizational climate strategies. Financing and delivering carbon credits from forest-related activities faces risks at the project and asset levels. Financial mechanisms are employed to mitigate risks for investors and project developers, and are complemented by non-financial measures such as environmental and social safeguards and physical risk mitigation. Academic research highlights that safeguards and climate risk mitigation measures are not efficiently implemented in some carbon projects and that specification of environmental safeguards remains underdeveloped. This text examines how ecosystem capacities can be used and valued for mitigation of and adaptation to physical risks and can complement existing risk mitigation measures through biodiversity insurance and resilience value. |
| Date: | 2024–11–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:buvzy_v1 |
| By: | Fernandez-Bou, Angel Santiago; Rodriguez-Flores, Jose M.; Ortiz-Partida, J. Pablo; Fencl, Amanda; Classen-Rodriguez, Leticia; Yang, Vivian; Williams, Emily; Schull, Val Zayden; Dobbin, Kristin; Penny, Gopal |
| Abstract: | There is not enough water in California to support current water uses and preserve healthy environments. California aquifers have been systematically depleted over decades, causing household water insecurity, degrading groundwater-dependent ecosystems, affecting small and medium farmers, and inducing subsidence. The California government enacted the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act a decade ago to prevent declining aquifer levels from continuing to cause undesirable results. This law has indirectly driven the necessity to reduce irrigated agriculture by about half a million hectares. If this change is left to market forces alone, cropland retirement could disrupt local economies and vulnerable communities, increasing the levels of injustice for local residents and threatening farmer and farmworker livelihoods. However, if cropland repurposing is organized and managed correctly and collaboratively among the stakeholders involved, it could improve quality of life in disadvantaged agricultural communities, diversify the economy, create more local socioeconomic opportunities, and increase environmental health while promoting food and nutrition security and advancing water sustainability. In this study, we present a systems-level, coproduced Framework of best practices in cropland repurposing to achieve socioenvironmental and economic benefits for all. The Framework is informed and supported by peer-reviewed science, authors’ first-hand experiences, and public engagement about the topic for several years. Our team includes scientists, community leaders, and other experts in cropland repurposing, socioenvironmental justice, agriculture, climate change, land trusts, disadvantaged communities, energy, Indigenous knowledge, and ecosystems. The Framework includes guiding objectives and best practices to overcome co-occurring challenges that prioritize public health, justice, equitable development, sustainable agriculture, green economies, protection to vulnerable groups, education, grassroots leadership, and cultural preservation. We conduct an extensive literature review of the current status quo and to support the best practices identified in our Framework. This review and coproduced Framework aim to ensure that anyone following these best practices can develop new solutions without causing new problems, while fully considering the impacts on all groups affected firsthand by cropland repurposing. |
| Date: | 2024–10–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bvfsm_v1 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Urban Development-National Urban Development Policies & Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42482 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Urban Development-Urban Water & Waste Management Environment-Pollution Management & Control Social Development-Social Analysis |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42647 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Water Resources-Water Resources Assessment Water Supply and Sanitation-Public Private Partnerships in Water Supply and Sanitation |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42592 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Freshwater Resources Environment-Water Resources Management Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42595 |
| By: | Fatima Batool (Central University of Finance and Economics [Beijing]); Muhammad Mohsin (UniGe - Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa) |
| Abstract: | The global business landscape is shiftingtowards sustainability due to escalating environmental concerns. This review examines the interplay between green innovation, business sustainability, and the green finance, focusing on China's listed industries. The methodology of the paper is to involve a combination of theoretical frameworks, literature review, and hypothesis formulation to explore the relationship between business sustainability, green innovation, the green finance, and the role of green intellectual capital. Drawing upon the resource-based view and institutional theory, this paper analyzes data from heavily polluting enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share recorded manufacturing firms from 2012 to 2023. The study explores the relationship between business sustainability applications and corporate sustainable development performance, as well as the mediating role of green innovation and institutional pressure. Findings indicate a significant positive impact of Business Sustainability application on corporate sustainable development performance, with green innovation acting as a partial intermediary. The study also highlights the role of institutional pressure in regulating these effects. This review offers practical insights for fostering sustainable corporate development by synthesizing diverse scholarly articles, empirical studies, and industry reports, It provides an in-depth analysis of China's current status of green innovation and its implications for the broader economic landscape. |
| Keywords: | Global landscape, Environmental concerns, Sustainable practices, Green innovation, Business sustainability, Green finance, China's listed industries |
| Date: | 2024–04–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04964597 |
| By: | Marine Kohler (CentraleSupélec, Greenly (Offspend SAS)) |
| Abstract: | Carbon credits have generated an increasing amount of controversies during the beginning of the 2020's -culminating in the turmoil generated by SBti's declaration to integrate them in scope 3 reduction targets. These controversies resulted in the market shrinking significantly in 2023, loosing up to 60% for its initial value. It went from a booming market to being a disregarded option in corporate climate strategies. Yet, as stated by the IPCC, the increase of natural or industrial carbon sinks is necessary to uphold the Paris agreements and limit the impacts of climate change. In line with science, Greenly thus decided to edit recommendations so that companies are able to navigate the risks associated with carbon offsetting and contribute to reaching Global Net Zero. |
| Keywords: | Offset, emissions, Additionnality, CCS, CCU |
| Date: | 2024–06–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04954426 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Environmental Economics & Policies |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42172 |
| By: | Alfath, Muhammad Hafizh; Wandebori, Harimukti; Prawiraatmadja, Widhyawan |
| Abstract: | Since the Paris Agreement in 2015, climate change has become an important global issue, prompting companies to adopt sustainable practices. PT United Tractors Tbk (UT), which relies heavily on coal, faces challenges due to the declining coal market and increasing emphasis on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles. This research explores UT's strategic transition to diversify into the minerals and renewable energy sectors and assesses the potential of Sustainability Linked Loans (SLL) to support this transition. The research aims to evaluate UT's readiness to implement SLL by examining its business strategy, ESG initiatives, and financial performance. A qualitative approach was used, involving semi-structured interviews with UT management and analysis of annual reports. Findings show that UT is committed to achieving a 50-50 revenue balance between coal and non-coal businesses by 2030. SLL offers a viable funding solution, providing financial flexibility and incentivizing ESG improvements through interest rate discounts. The study concludes that UT's strong commitment to sustainability and proactive management puts it in a good position to obtain SLL, enhancing its ability to balance its portfolio and achieve long-term sustainability. Recommendations include improving ESG measurement systems, securing SLL agreements, and continuously monitoring ESG achievements to maximize benefits. |
| Date: | 2024–08–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6nkr8_v1 |
| By: | Yedong Zhang; Hua Han |
| Abstract: | Against the macro-background of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goals, eco-environment protection regulations are increasingly stricter. Facing high government regulatory risks and frequent environment lawsuits, corporate environmental compliance starts to play a vital role in healthy corporate operation. Law fulfillment routes constitute a critical part in corporate environmental compliance. Few academic scholars have conducted a profound analysis or discussion of legal accomplishment routes for corporate environmental compliances. As a matter of fact, legal routes for accomplishing corporate environmental compliance should be based proper theories concerning corporate environmental rights and obligations as well as dual layer nested governance structure (government environmental power and corporate environmental liabilities). Under the guidance of environmental jurisprudence, enterprises are responsible for setting up practical legal fulfillment routes for their environmental compliance-related rights and obligations. A diversified environmental governance layout composed of government regulation, enterprise self-discipline and social participation should be established. Within enterprises, effective legal routes should be developed for dealing with government regulatory risks and environment lawsuit risks at the same time. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.13543 |
| By: | E. Hordvei; S. Hummelen; M. Petersen; S. Backe; P. Granado |
| Abstract: | As the European countries strive to meet their ambitious climate goals, renewable hydrogen has emerged to aid in decarbonizing energy-intensive sectors and support the overall energy transition. To ensure that hydrogen production aligns with these goals, the European Commission has introduced criteria for additionality, temporal correlation, and geographical correlation. These criteria are designed to ensure that hydrogen production from renewable sources supports the growth of renewable energy. This study assesses the impact of these criteria on green hydrogen production, focusing on production costs and technology impacts. The European energy market is simulated up to 2048 using stochastic programming, applying these requirements exclusively to green hydrogen production without the phased-in compliance period outlined in the EU regulations. The findings show that meeting the criteria will increase expected system costs by 82 EUR billion from 2024 to 2048, largely due to the rapid shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy. The additionality requirement, which mandates the use of new renewable energy installations for electrolysis, proves to be the most expensive, but also the most effective in accelerating renewable energy adoption. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.10859 |
| By: | Eliseo Curcio |
| Abstract: | This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of gray, blue, and green hydrogen production pathways, evaluating their cost structures, investment feasibility, infrastructure challenges, and policy-driven cost reductions. The findings confirm that gray hydrogen (1.50-2.50/kg) remains the most cost-effective today but is increasingly constrained by carbon pricing. Blue hydrogen (2.00-3.50/kg) offers a transitional pathway but depends on CCS costs, natural gas price volatility, and regulatory support. Green hydrogen (3.50-6.00/kg) is currently the most expensive but benefits from declining renewable electricity costs, electrolyzer efficiency improvements, and government incentives such as the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which provides tax credits of up to 3.00/kg. The analysis shows that renewable electricity costs below 20-30/MWh are essential for green hydrogen to achieve cost parity with fossil-based hydrogen. The DOE's Hydrogen Shot Initiative aims to lower green hydrogen costs to 1.00/kg by 2031, emphasizing the need for CAPEX reductions, economies of scale, and improved electrolyzer efficiency. Infrastructure remains a critical challenge, with pipeline retrofitting reducing transport costs by 50-70%, though liquefied hydrogen and chemical carriers remain costly due to energy losses and reconversion expenses. Investment trends indicate a shift toward green hydrogen, with over 250 billion projected by 2035, surpassing blue hydrogen's expected 100 billion. Carbon pricing above $100/ton CO2 will likely make gray hydrogen uncompetitive by 2030, accelerating the shift to low-carbon hydrogen. Hydrogen's long-term viability depends on continued cost reductions, policy incentives, and infrastructure expansion, with green hydrogen positioned as a cornerstone of the net-zero energy transition by 2035. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.12211 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Water Resources-Freshwater Resources |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42497 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Forests and Forestry Water Resources-Wetlands |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42585 |
| By: | Dube, Benhilda; Nyika, Teresa; Pasara, Michael Takudzwa |
| Abstract: | This study analyses global value chain participation (GVCP) in Zimbabwe's two critical sectors of agriculture and mining in the face of environmental pollution and climate change. Mining and agriculture are Zimbabwe's largest export sectors by value, and the later plays a critical role towards food security. However, the two sectors have potential conflicting interests on land as well as environmental pollution. The study employs the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) and ARDL-EC (error correction), to analyse short-run and long-run relationships. The results indicate that, in the short run, lagged GVCP agriculture exerts positive pressure on GVCPagriculture by 0.66% while, climate change (droughts) and pollution (CO2 emissions) exert negative pressure on GVCP agriculture at 5% and 1% level of significance, respectively. However, GVCP mining and population growth did not significantly reduce GVCP agriculture. Moreover, GVCP mining and population growth increase transport CO2 emissions both in the short run and long run at 5% and 1% level, respectively. Thus, mining is not environmentally neutral. In the long run, interaction between population growth and mining rents reduce transport CO2 levels at 5% level. The study recommends government to raise mineral taxes for those participating in mining and use the revenues to subsidise the agriculture sector. In the agriculture sector, government can remove import tax on agriculture equipment such irrigation equipment as well as the removal of other restrictions including opening up grain price to market forces to increase quality and level of participation. The government should continue enacting and enforcing policies which minimize pollution, such as limits on carbon emissions. |
| Date: | 2024–11–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:0ad7f4c9-011d-4ab6-b748-ae6e68a079eb |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Climate Change and Environment Environment-Natural Resources Management |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41809 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42283 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42379 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42263 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42364 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42381 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Food Security Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States Environment-Natural Resources Management Health, Nutrition and Population Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42059 |
| By: | Spillane, Charles; Chekol, Dawit Alemayehu; Hoang, Ky; Plazas, Carlos Andrés Rodríguez; Ssekandi, Shamilah Nassozi; Tessema, Yared Mesfin; Varley, Ciara; McLaughlin, Isabel; Mashizha, Tinashe; Lorente, Anna |
| Abstract: | The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is preparing a new IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities, which will address issues of climate mitigation, adaptation and just transitions in cities and urban systems. In this context, accelerating the sustainable transitions of the diets and food systems of cities is critical to ensuring that the planet remains within key planetary boundaries, including the 1.5 C limit for global warming. The EU/IFAD EcoFoodSystems project [https://ecofoodsystems.org/] is focused on research to enable food systems transitions in city regions that can deliver diets that are more sustainable, healthy and affordable. The EcoFoodSystems project is working with stakeholders in Vietnam (Hanoi), Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) and Colombia (Cali) to conduct research to enable accelerated transitions towards more sustainable, healthy and affordable diets. To contribute to the process for developing the new IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities, the EU/IFAD funded EcoFoodSystems project provides the following initial guidance and inputs to the scoping process for the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities. |
| Date: | 2024–06–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hqgu8_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42280 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42262 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42093 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42268 |
| By: | Can, Zeynep Gizem (University of Galway); O'Donoghue, Cathal (National University of Ireland, Galway); Sologon, Denisa Maria (LISER (CEPS/INSTEAD)) |
| Abstract: | As middle income countries grow they see an increase in demand for energy. To avoid extreme climate change as these countries develop, there will be a need to decarbonise the increased energy consumption as they grow. We use the PRICES microsimulation model to examine the impact of carbon pricing across the income distribution in Türkiye. In particular we assess the joint distributional impact of combining both carbon taxation with revenue recycling. We evaluate both the relative performance of existing excise duties and additional carbon taxation. Despite the relative large change in the tax rate, replacing excise duties with carbon related excise duties has a relatively small distributional impact, with carbon taxes slightly less regressive than excised duties. Additional carbon taxes equivalent to €30 per tCO2 are regressive, increasing inequality. However we find that revenue recycling has a greater impact on inequality than the tax itself, with targeted instruments reducing inequality, while flatter instruments when combing with the carbon tax do not fully compensate for the increased inequality from the carbon tax. Although the carbon tax reduced emissions, revenue recycling mitigated this impact with a trade off between redistribution and emissions reduction. |
| Keywords: | carbon pricing, middle income countries, revenue recycling, microsimulation |
| JEL: | Q58 C15 |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17701 |
| By: | J. Martinez; Jaime Marti-Herrero; S. Villacis; A. J. Riofrio; D. Vaca |
| Abstract: | The objective of this study is to analyze the CO2 emissions and economic impacts of the implementation of the National Efficient Cooking Program (NECP) in Ecuador, which aims to migrate the population from Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)-based stoves to electric induction stoves. This program is rooted in the current effort to change Ecuador's energy balance, with hydroelectric power expected to generate 83.61% of national electricity by 2022, ending the need for subsidized LPG. For this analysis, the 2014 baseline situation has been compared with two future scenarios for 2022: a business-as-usual scenario and an NECP-success scenario. This study demonstrates the viability of migration from imported fossil fuels to locally-produced renewable energy as the basis for an efficient cooking facility. The new policies scenario would save US$ 1.162 billion in annual government expenditure on cooking subsidies, and reducing CO2 emissions associated to energy for cooking in 1.8 tCO2/y. |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.07788 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42273 |
| By: | Prabakusuma, Adhita Sri; Bounkham, Phonedalom |
| Abstract: | The Lao government has implemented various policies focused on the agricultural sector, particularly commercial crop production, as an effort to overcome economic weakening. Those policies have also been designed to reduce malnutrition and poverty. The current fast growth and expansion of commercial crop production have proven to trigger poverty alleviation in Laos. However, this condition led to the to the attenuation of farming communities, which accounted for 75% of the total population in Laos, raising the indebtedness number of farmer families, increasing the vulnerability of the communities, and sharpening disparities among producers. Recently, besides the increase in climate change influence, agricultural practices in Laos have also faced several economic risks. These economic risks include the intermittent nature of local market monopolies, fluctuation, and price games along the agricultural value chains, and instability of production contract implementation. Since 2014, the Lao government has evaluated the consequences of these agricultural practices based on the exploitation of natural resources and the environment. The Eco-Friendly Intensification and Climate-Resilient Agricultural Systems (EFICAS) project was funded and managed by Centre de Cooperation International en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (France International Cooperation Center for Agronomy Research Development, CIRAD) and the European Union Global Climate Change Alliance (EU-GCCA) during 2014-2018. CIRAD partnered with (Department of Agricultural Land Management, DALAM) under Laos Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) performed EFICAS together. This project aimed to improve Northern upland community livelihoods, strengthening food security, resilience to climate change, introducing innovative methods, and new intervention approaches to support farmers’ adoption of climate-smart systems based on sustainable agriculture. |
| Date: | 2024–07–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:q79ry_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Oil & Gas Energy-Energy and Environment Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Pollution Management & Control |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42520 |
| By: | B. Wang; C. Rogate |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42494 |
| By: | Caio de Araújo Barbosa; Shaadee Ahmadnia |
| Keywords: | Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Impacts Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42139 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42016 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health Public Sector Development-Climate Change Policy and Regulation Social Development-Social Aspects of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42687 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, Legislation and Regulation Urban Development-Urban Water & Waste Management Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42605 |
| By: | Shwetlena Sabarwal; Sergio Venegas Marin; Marla Spivack; Diego Ambasz |
| Keywords: | Education-Educational Policy and Planning Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42098 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42291 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Demand Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42126 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Drought Management Water Resources-Freshwater Resources Water Resources-Water Resources Assessment |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42613 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Agriculture-Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Agriculture-Food Security Agriculture-Climate Change and Agriculture Water Resources-Water Resources Assessment Environment-Climate Change Impacts |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42627 |
| By: | Abdulaziz Almuzaini; Nicholas Menzies |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Urban Development Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42532 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Taxation & Subsidies Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Natural Resources Management Environment-Green Issues |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42615 |
| By: | Camilo Lombana Cordoba; Raimund Mair; Crystal Fenwick; Reetik Kumar Sahu; Barbara Anna Willaarts; Dor Fridman; Julian Joseph; Mikhail Smilovic; Tamir Kahil |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Water Resources Assessment Water Resources-Water Use Water Resources-Water Rights Water Resources-Transboundary Water Management Poverty Reduction-Poverty, Environment and Development |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42549 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Urban Development-City Development Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42553 |
| By: | Ministry of Finance of the Kyrgyz Republic; World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Environmental Economics & Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Fiscal & Monetary Policy Finance and Financial Sector Development-Public & Municipal Finance |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42155 |
| By: | Ruth Hill; Trang Nguyen; Miki Khanh Doan |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Poverty Reduction-Poverty, Environment and Development Rural Development-Rural Roads & Transport Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42258 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Water Resources Management Water Resources-Water Policy & Governance Water Supply and Sanitation-Monitoring and Evaluation in Water Supply and Sanitation |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42545 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Air Quality & Clean Air Environment-Pollution Management & Control |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41995 |
| By: | Angrist, Noam; Winseck, Kevin; Patrinos, Harry Anthony; Zivin, Joshua S. Graff |
| Abstract: | Addressing climate change requires individual behavior change and voter support for pro-climate policies, yet surprisingly little is known about how to achieve these outcomes. This paper estimates causal effects of additional education on pro-climate outcomes using new compulsory schooling law data across 16 European countries. It analyzes effects on pro-climate beliefs, behaviors, policy preferences, and novel data on voting for green parties—a particularly consequential outcome to combat climate change. Results show a year of education increases pro-climate beliefs, behaviors, most policy preferences, and green voting, with voting gains equivalent to a substantial 35% increase. |
| Date: | 2023–02–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10316 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42483 |
| By: | Viktoriya Ereshchenko; Elena Popic |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Renewable Energy Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42581 |
| By: | Monica Robayo-Abril; Jonathan Karver; Britta Rude; Ailin Tomio; Alessandro Silvestri; Kiyomi Cadena |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy and Poverty Alleviation Energy-Energy Consumption Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42158 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Urban Development-Urban Water & Waste Management Environment-Natural Resources Management |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42374 |
| By: | Dilip Limaye; Jas Singh; Selena Jihyun Lee |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Energy-Energy Consumption Energy-Energy Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42714 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42274 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Environment-Green Issues Environment-Natural Resources Management |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42606 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42270 |
| By: | L. Jones; J. Banga; B. Notkin; A. Brochen |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Environmental Strategy Energy-Energy Finance Conflict and Development-Conflict and Fragile States |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41912 |
| By: | Lavoie, Declan; Maraj, Anika; Parascandalo, Fiona; Wong, Gigi Y.C.; Sergeant, Myles D |
| Abstract: | Objective: To provide health care decision makers and practitioners with an understanding of existing tools that can be utilized to evaluate suppliers’ commitments and performance in emissions reduction and sustainability. Data sources: The study is based on a literature review and a subsequent analysis of various tool websites. Study Design: We provide an overview of the types of tools available that can be used to evaluate the carbon footprints of individual companies and rate their performance, as well as certifications that formally recognize companies’ sustainability practices and commitments. The tools and rating systems selected are industry leading, widely used, and easily accessible. Principal findings: Procurement models that prioritize sustainability have the potential to fundamentally shift supplier practices so that they take on their own commitments to science-based, net-zero targets. Conclusions: Although it is challenging to assess the footprint associated with individual products and services, using the available tools and certifications to evaluate suppliers’ commitment and performance in environmental stewardship can lead to a reduction in health care’s carbon footprint. |
| Date: | 2024–04–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:d45uj_v1 |
| By: | Hunger, Tom; Arnold, Marlen Gabriele; Engesser, Sven; van den Boogaart, K. Gerald |
| Abstract: | The integration of sustainability into the early stages of New Product Development (NPD) is critical for fostering innovation and ensuring long-term competitive advantage. This critical review explores the incorporation of sustainability facets within NPD processes. Despite the growing emphasis on sustainable practices, significant gaps persist in effectively embedding holistic sustainability approaches during initial NPD phases. This review critically analyzes existing literature, identifying the extent to which Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and other holistic methodologies are utilized for sustainable NPD. The review reveals that while numerous tools and frameworks exist to enhance sustainability in NPD, their application is often fragmented and lacks a comprehensive approach. Key barriers include the complexity of sustainability criteria, limited operational tools, data deficiencies, and high costs associated with sustainable practices. Furthermore, the current research predominantly addresses environmental and economic dimensions, with insufficient focus on social, cultural, political, and systemic aspects. The findings underscore the necessity for a multidimensional framework that integrates all facets of sustainability, supported by robust MCDA methods to manage trade-offs effectively. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of stakeholder involvement and the need for industry-specific adaptations of sustainability tools. Future research should aim to develop practical, validated tools that accommodate diverse sustainability dimensions and are adaptable across different sectors. |
| Date: | 2024–08–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:qmg76_v1 |
| By: | Scanlan, Oliver |
| Abstract: | Adequately integrating evidence from diverse social science perspectives, from political ecology to development studies, gives us a clear picture of the conditions necessary for conservation strategies to support human rights outcomes. Collectively these comprise the need for principles of recognitional, procedural and distributional justice to be embedded in conservation programs. An analysis of the World Bank-funded Sustainable Access to Forests and Livelihoods (SUFAL) Program in Bangladesh, finds significant shortcomings relating to this conception of environmental justice within the disclosed project documentation. The SUFAL project is likely to fail in achieving human rights outcomes. The theoretical implication is that at least in some cases area-based conservation will fail to protect human rights because justice is not part of the plan. The methodological implication is that analysis of all extant disclosed donor documentation by area experts is a research priority, allowing us to determine the extent to which the SUFAL intervention design is typical. To the extent that it is typical, it is likely that the Global Biodiversity Framework will fail to achieve human rights outcomes. In policy terms, this further vindicates recent progress in donor disclosure practices; such practices should be strengthened where they already exist, and adopted immediately by conservation NGOs and civil society organizations. |
| Date: | 2024–03–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:x8u2a_v1 |
| By: | Pascaline Wanjiku; Ruth Kennedy-Walker |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, Legislation and Regulation Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Economics Environment-Water Resources Management Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Water Supply and Sanitation |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42433 |
| By: | Völker, Richard (Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg); Hirschauer, Norbert; Lind, Fabienne; Gruener, Sven |
| Abstract: | Agricultural and environmental economists frequently use content analyses of textual data to gain a deeper understanding of public discourses that reflect the conflicting interests and attitudes of various stakeholders on agricultural issues. These discourses encompass topics such as nitrogen leaching, climate change, biodiversity loss, and animal welfare. However, the procedural standards of content analysis established in communication science are rarely fully adhered to due to a lack of interdisciplinary communication. This paper provides applied agricultural economists with the conceptual background of systematic search term validation that facilitates the transparent generation of high-quality databases for the content analysis of large datasets. |
| Date: | 2024–08–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:v68r7_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Climate Change and Environment Environment-Environmental Disasters & Degradation Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41960 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies Governance-International Governmental Organizations Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Finance and Financial Sector Development-Finance and Development |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42180 |
| By: | Lundberg, Clark Christopher; Szmurlo, Daniel Anthony; Abman, Ryan Michael |
| Abstract: | Reducing trade barriers offers tremendous potential for economic growth and productivity gains. However, higher incomes and increased industrial output can negatively impact the environment. This paper studies the impacts of trade liberalization on the emissions of ozone depleting substances regulated under the Montreal Protocol. While freer trade might challenge the gains achieved by the Montreal Protocol by increasing domestic use of ozone depleting substances, environmental provisions in regional trade agreements linked to Montreal Protocol participation might mitigate such negative environmental outcomes. The paper provides causal evidence that signing a new regional trade agreement leads to increases in consumption of ozone depleting substances relative to Montreal Protocol targets. Environmental provisions aimed at controlling ozone depleting substances offset the increase in consumption of ozone depleting substances observed in regional trade agreements without such provisions. The findings show that the effect is rooted in preventing a “reduction in overcompliance” with the Montreal Protocol observed in regional trade agreements without provisions. The findings also show that cumulative exposure to trade agreements, especially those with ozone depleting substances provisions, increases the speed at which countries ratify the Montreal Protocol amendments. |
| Date: | 2023–02–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10319 |
| By: | Hyunji Lee; Jonathan Hasoloan; Hogeun Park; Terri B. Chapman; José Siri |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Urban Housing Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42303 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Marine Environment Environment-Environmental Management |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41816 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Forestry Management Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change International Economics and Trade-Trade and Labor Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42036 |
| By: | Varley, Ciara; Lorente, Anna; Novak, Inna; Hoang, Ky; Tho, Pham; Ha, Nguyen; Tessema, Yared Mesfin; Ssekandi, Shamilah Nassozi; Chekol, Dawit Alemayehu; Plazas, Carlos Andrés Rodríguez |
| Abstract: | The transition of city region diets to diets that are more sustainable, healthy and affordable is critically important for environmental, health and food security outcomes. The EcoFoodSystems project aims to work with city-regional stakeholders to identify key needs and priorities for dietary transitions in Hanoi city region that can be enabled by research and innovation. To identify the research needs and priorities of Hanoi city region food systems stakeholders, an EcoFoodSystems Project Research Prioritisation Workshop was held on 24th January 2024 in Hanoi, Vietnam. The workshop introduced food systems stakeholders in the Hanoi city region to the EcoFoodSystems research project and to enable stakeholders to co-create and prioritise research and innovation activities that could be advanced by EcoFoodSystems research project. The EcoFoodSystems workshop brought together sixty participants from diverse sectors and stakeholder organisations, including Government Ministries, UN Agencies, private sector companies, farmer cooperatives, university and research institutes, national and international NGOs and civil society. The workshop attendees shared their expertise in areas spanning nutrition, food systems, policy, consumer safety, climate resilience and urban and peri-urban development. Participants worked together in groups to identify and prioritise research topics and tools for decision-making that should be developed to enable transitions towards diets in Hanoi city region that are more sustainable, healthier and affordable. The workshop had opening speeches from representatives of the EU Delegation to Vietnam, the Vietnam Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Hanoi Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Institute of Nutrition (Vietnam) and representatives of the EcoFoodSystems project from University of Galway, Rikolto and the Alliance of Bioversity – CIAT. The workshop highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research collaboration for food systems transformation for sustainability, health and affordability outcomes. This EcoFoodSystems workshop report identifies the key research priorities generated by stakeholders during the workshop. |
| Date: | 2024–12–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:n86mg_v1 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy and Natural Resources Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Energy and Environment |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42694 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Social Protections and Labor Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42505 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Natural Resources Management Environment-Tourism and Ecotourism |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42207 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Water Resources Assessment |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42392 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Urban Water & Waste Management Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Environment-Pollution Management & Control Urban Development-Urban Governance and Management Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, Legislation and Regulation Law and Development-Administrative & Regulatory Law |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42569 |
| By: | Dasgupta, Susmita; Lall, Somik V.; Wheeler, David |
| Abstract: | This paper extends recent research on satellite-based carbon dioxide measurement to an easily updated template for tracking changes in carbon dioxide concentrations at local and regional scales. Using data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 satellite platform and a large sample of urban areas, a comparison of trend estimation models suggests that the template can use a simple model that estimates trends directly from satellite data pre-filtered to isolate local concentration anomalies. Illustrative applications are developed for a long-period trend model and a short-period model focused on change in the most recent year. In addition, the paper estimates carbon dioxide emissions for thousands of urban areas and identifies cities whose emissions performance is above or below expectation. Although the tracking model is “simple, ” it requires software and hardware that are beyond the means of many interested stakeholders. For this reason, the World Bank’s Development Economics Vice Presidency has established an open web facility that pre-filters data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2satellite and publishes monthly mean concentration anomalies for all terrestrial cells of a 25-kilometer global grid. The website will also publish annual carbon dioxide tracking reports for urban areas and provide information that links the 25-kilometer global grid cell IDs to IDs for urban areas and national administrative units (levels 0, 1, and 2). |
| Date: | 2023–02–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10297 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth International Economics and Trade-Trade Facilitation Private Sector Development-Global Value Chains and Business Clustering Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Urban Development |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42700 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Agriculture-Forestry Management |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42010 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Tourism and Ecotourism Environment-Pollution Management & Control Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Agriculture-Agribusiness Private Sector Development Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42629 |
| By: | Perrot De Champ, Francois Marie Jean Fernand Joseph; Hoekman, Bernard M.; Manchin, Miriam; Santi, Filippo |
| Abstract: | Using a data set covering more than 120 countries spanning several decades, this paper employs a synthetic difference in difference estimator to study whether non-trade provisions on labor standards, environmental protection and civil and human rights in trade agreements yield improvements in corresponding indicators. The paper distinguishes between binding (enforceable) and non-binding provisions and investigates linkages between non-trade provisions and official development assistance. The analysis finds no evidence that provisions related labour or civil rights improved the associated outcome indicators, while evidence on environmental outcomes is mixed. Official development assistance is significantly greater with non-binding environmental and civil rights provisions, but not with labor standards. |
| Date: | 2023–02–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10323 |
| By: | Mustapha Jaad (Laboratoire Études et recherches appliquées en sciences économiques (LERASE) - Équipe de recherche en économie de développement (ERED) - Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]); Abdellah Haida (Laboratoire Études et recherches appliquées en sciences économiques (LERASE) - Équipe de recherche en économie de développement (ERED) - Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]) |
| Abstract: | Since the 1980s, modern finance has seen many innovations. However, most of these were not always created to support the real economy to improve the standard of living of marginalized populations, but often to create income markets. The objectives of solidarity finance are intrinsically social. Popularized by the Brundtland report, sustainable development is one of the most important challenges of the 21st century; the importance of this challenge is essentially due to the need to meet social, economic, and environmental needs. To fully understand and appreciate the importance of solidarity finance, it becomes imperative to take stock of its different definitions to understand its essence, to explore their underlying logic, their contribution to the creation of value and the sustainability of the share capital. «These initiatives, to promote access to finance, are at the origin of alternative financial logics: the logic of sharing, the logic of mutualisation and the logic of assistance » (Artis, 2015) |
| Abstract: | Depuis les années quatre-vingt, la finance moderne a connu de nombreuses innovations. Pourtant, force est de constater que la plupart de celles-ci n'ont pas été toujours créées pour soutenir l'économie réelle afin d'améliorer le niveau de vie des populations marginalisées, mais souvent pour créer des marchés de rente.Les objectifs de la finance solidaire sont intrinsèquement sociaux. Popularisé par le rapport Brundtland, le développement durable est l'un des défis les plus importants du 21 ème siècle ; l'importance de ce défi est essentiellement due à la nécessité de répondre aux besoins sociaux, économiques et environnementaux.Pour bien comprendre et apprécier l'importance de la finance solidaire, il devient impératif de faire le point sur ses différentes définitions pour comprendre son essence, d'explorer leurs logiques sous-jacentes, leur contribution à la création de valeur et à la durabilité du capital social. « Ces initiatives, pour favoriser l'accessibilité au financement, sont à l'origine de logiques financières alternatives : logique de partage, logique de mutualisation et logique d'assistance » (Artis, 2015). |
| Keywords: | solidarity finance, sustainable development, dimensions of sustainable development, Classic finance, Finance classique, Finance solidaire, développement durable, dimensions du développement durable |
| Date: | 2024–06–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04966268 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Environment-Environmental Protection Conflict and Development-Disaster Management Agriculture-Food Security Poverty Reduction-Poverty, Environment and Development |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42315 |
| By: | Boothroyd, Anne; Adams, Vanessa; Alexander, Karen; Hill, Nicole |
| Abstract: | Establishing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in international waters is critical for the conservation of marine biodiversity. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is a global leader in high seas conservation, having established two international MPAs in Antarctica’s Southern Ocean, as part of a commitment to establish a representative system of MPAs for the CAMLR Convention Area. However, proposals for new MPAs have faced ongoing challenges in the planning process, and since 2016 the Commission has been unable to agree and implement further MPAs, which has stalled the development of the circumpolar representative system. The key aim of this study was to identify how features of the planning process contribute to outcomes, problems and solutions. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 scientists, policymakers, and expert observers from fisheries and environmental non-government organisations involved in CCAMLR MPA planning, to explore their perceptions (experiences, opinions, impressions) of the planning process. Our results identify four key features that are influential across multiple areas of the CCAMLR MPA planning and decision-making process: i) a lack of common understanding; ii) the influence of historical relationships and legacy in subsequent planning processes; iii) inconsistencies between expectations of and requirements for MPA planning; and iv) the degree to which CCAMLR principles and practices, norms, and values are shared. We describe how these four features may help or hinder the effectiveness of the current planning process. We then make suggestions regarding how the planning process could be adapted to capitalise on these features. |
| Date: | 2024–03–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:cwun6_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | International Economics and Trade-Foreign Direct Investment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42181 |
| By: | J. Jordan; J. Tenzing |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Climate Change Economics Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor-Skills Development and Labor Force Training |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42538 |
| By: | Arcusa, Stephanie; Hagood, Emily |
| Abstract: | What should be the definition and implementation of durable carbon storage? As carbon markets are expanding to include various forms of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), the time is right to revisit this topic in relation to standard development. Particularly, we look for mechanisms that could be implemented across CDR methods so that certification guarantees sequestration on climate-relevant timescales while preserving the collective sequestration effort. Collecting data from 29 international standard developing organizations and one large carbon removal purchaser, we review the different definitions and mechanisms proposed to implement durability and manage reversals. We find the most often used stipulated contractual definition of durable storage by standard developing organizations is 100 years but ranges from 10 to beyond 100 years. Six different durability mechanisms are employed for various goals, which may not be intended for or aligned with climate mitigation purposes. Even with four different types of reversal management mechanisms, we see that most organizations are choosing mechanisms that are supportive of preserving the collective sequestration effort. However, our analysis also shows no single durability mechanism will work across the full range of CDR methods nor for the goal of keeping carbon sequestered on climate-relevant timescales. Our results highlight that complications arise when including short-term sequestration into a climate-relevant certification system and when attempting to safely end the responsibility of monitoring. Definitions of durable storage are being pushed beyond what can be managed contractually. These complications make innovation necessary and could be addressed using a combination of existing and improved mechanisms tailored to specific implementations. |
| Date: | 2024–12–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6bth5_v1 |
| By: | Nahed Eddai (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, IÉSEG School Of Management [Puteaux]); Ani Guerdjikova (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes) |
| Abstract: | We analyze the effect of strategic ambiguity and heterogeneous attitudes towards such ambiguity on optimal mitigation and adaptation. Pessimistic players tend to invest more in mitigation, while optimists favor adaptation. When adaptation is more expensive than mitigation, three types of equilibria can obtain depending on the level and distribution of ambiguity aversion: (i) a mitigation equilibrium, (ii) an adaptation equilibrium and (iii) a mixed equilibrium with both adaptation and mitigation. The interaction between ambiguity attitudes and wealth distribution plays a crucial role for the aggregate environmental policy: a wealth transfer from pessimistic to optimistic agents increases total mitigation. A similar result applies to the choice of an optimal mitigation subsidy, which is shown to increase in optimism, but decrease following a transfer of income towards the more optimistic players. Finally, we show that under strategic ambiguity, the introduction of a non-binding standard can impact agents' beliefs about their opponents' behavior and as a result lower total equilibrium mitigation. Our results highlight the necessity to consider attitudes towards strategic ambiguity in the design of economic policies targeting climate change. They might also shed some light on the slow rate of convergence of environmental policies across countries. |
| Keywords: | Climate policy, Ambiguity, Heterogeneity, Choquet expected utility |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03590990 |
| By: | Emile Aurélien Ahua (Université Alassane Ouattara [Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire], LETG - Nantes - Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique - UBO - Université de Brest - UR2 - Université de Rennes 2 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - LETG - Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 - UBO - Université de Brest - UR2 - Université de Rennes 2 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Nantes Univ - IGARUN - Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Humanités - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université, PoSTer - Groupe de recherche Populations, Sociétés et Territoires - UJloG - Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé); Chiadon Prisca Orphilia Ogui (UFHB - Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny [Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire]) |
| Abstract: | In recent years, economic urban governance in secondary cities has focused a great deal of attention on corporate social responsibility (CSR), particularly in industrial cities. However, it seems that in Africa's secondary cities, where industrial activity is evolving, public authorities are struggling to achieve the desired objectives. These include the application by industrial units of several mechanisms aimed at protecting the urban environment and coastline or reducing pollution factors. This contribution analyzes the mechanisms used by industrial players in secondary cities to implement corporate social responsibility. Through the case study of the city of San-Pédro, the aim is to show how this policy is operationalized and what is really at stake in its implementation. To achieve this, the methodological approach used was structured around a mixed-method analysis. The method used integrates a literature review, a questionnaire survey of local industry players and interviews with public authorities and bodies in charge of the sector. The results of the study show that CSR remains a weakly applied initiative by industrial operators as a whole. However, they are taking some steps to promote sustainable management of the urban and coastal environment. Finally, the public authorities, through awareness-raising and the introduction of a specific regulatory framework, are working hard to reorganize industrial practices so that CSR is better taken into account. |
| Abstract: | Au cours de ces dernières années dans les villes secondaires, la gouvernance urbaine sur le plan économique s'est beaucoup penchée sur la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE) notamment dans les villes industrielles. Cependant, il semble que dans les villes secondaires africaines où l'activité industrielle est évolutive, les pouvoirs publics peinent à atteindre les objectifs souhaités. Il s'agit entre autres de la difficile application par les unités industrielles de plusieurs mécanismes visant à protéger l'environnement urbain et le littoral ou à réduireles facteurs de pollution. Ainsi, cette contribution analyse les mécanismes de mise en œuvre de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises par les acteurs de l'activité industrielle dans les villes secondaires. À travers l'étude de cas de la ville de San-Pédro, il s'agit de montrer les modes d'opérationnalisation de cette politique et les enjeux réels de sa mise en œuvre. Pour y parvenir, l'approche méthodologique utilisée s'est structurée autour d'une analyse mixte. Cette méthode utilisée intègre une revue de la littérature, une enquête par questionnaires auprès des acteurs de l'industrie locale et des entretiens auprès des pouvoirs publics ainsi que des organes en charge du secteur. Les résultats de l'étude montrent que la RSE reste une initiative faiblement appliquée par les opérateurs de l'activité industrielle dans sa globalité. Cependant, certaines actions sont menées par ces derniers pour impulser une gestion durable de l'environnement urbain et littoral. Enfin, les pouvoirs publics à travers la sensibilisation et l'instauration d'un cadre réglementaire spécifique s'activent à réorganiser les pratiques industrielles pour une meilleure prise en compte de le RSE. |
| Keywords: | Industrial activity, Social responsibility, Sustainable development, Environmental policy, San-Pédro., Activité industrielle, Responsabilité sociétale, Développement Durable, Politique environnementale, San-Pédro |
| Date: | 2024–05–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04962478 |
| By: | Milivojevic, Lazar |
| Abstract: | This paper examines to what extent slowdowns in economic growth after natural disasters are accompanied by widening fiscal deficits and corresponding pressures on public debt. Empirical analysis based on exogenous measures of physical disaster intensity shows that natural disasters lead not only to output losses but also to further deterioration of countries’ fiscal positions. The effects are persistent and driven by developments in emerging markets and developing economies. A dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is used to show the propagation mechanism of an extreme event that affects agricultural productivity. The model features farmers endowed with land with time-varying productivity subject to economic and weather conditions. Simulation results illustrate the climate-fiscal nexus existence and highlight the role of structural resilience in limiting the impact of natural disasters. |
| Date: | 2023–02–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10298 |
| By: | B, Wang; C. Colon |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies Rural Development-Rural Roads & Transport Poverty Reduction-Rural Poverty Reduction |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41974 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Treatment & Quality Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, Legislation and Regulation |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42611 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Food Security Agriculture-Livestock & Animal Husbandry Environment-Natural Disasters Health, Nutrition and Population-Disease Control & Prevention Poverty Reduction-Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42439 |
| By: | Arnone, Massimo; Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | The competitiveness of financed intermediaries cannot be based exclusively on financial sustainability, i.e. the ability to create profit, but it is also necessary to acquire a transversal vision of sustainability focused on the three ESG dimensions. The paper intends to propose a reflection on the main impacts of the integration of ESG factors on business decisionmaking and operational processes in the financial sector. In this context, we try to understand what role FinTech can play in favor of greater sustainability. Furthermore, through an empirical analysis, some determinants relating to social, environmental, and governance issues are identified which influence the volume of financial resources moved in the factoring market at a European level. Machine learning models are also proposed to estimate the volume. |
| Date: | 2024–06–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:753gf_v1 |
| By: | Yuan, Boning |
| Abstract: | Using panel data from 35 listed banks' annual reports and corporate social responsibility reports from 2009 to 2022 as a sample, this study empirically examines the impact of green credit on the performance of commercial banks and takes China Merchants Bank as the case analysis object. Based on the theory of green finance, this paper discusses the function mechanism of the effect of green credit on commercial banks by empirical method, heterogeneity analysis and robustness test. Then, using the specific business data of China Merchants Bank in the field of green credit and its business performance data, the paper further reveals the specific impact of green credit on the business performance of the bank. The research shows that commercial banks have improved their asset income ability through green credit, significantly enhanced their operating efficiency in social responsibility and risk control, and positively impacted the overall operating effect. Finally, this paper suggests that green credit can positively promote commercial banks' performance and point out a new path for the sustainable development and social responsibility of commercial banks. This research has not only contributed to theory but also provided important reference for practice. |
| Date: | 2024–11–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xk6ew_v1 |
| By: | Stoeckli, Sabrina; Merian, Sybilla (University of Zurich); Wanner, Silvan; Stucki, Matthias; Chaudhary, Abhishek |
| Abstract: | Our food production, distribution, and consumption threaten biodiversity. Thus, we need to promote biodiversity conservation along the food supply chain. We expanded the existing methodology for assessing crops’ biodiversity impact on other food products and calculated the biodiversity footprints of 51 frequently consumed foods in Switzerland. We find that biodiversity loss is predominantly caused by a few hedonic and animal-based products (e.g., coffee, beef). Discussing various intervention strategies demonstrates that consumers, retailers, and producers all play a pivotal role in biodiversity conservation. This research provides practical and non-technical information on biodiversity quantification, suggests a concrete research agenda, and thereby enables behavioral scientists as well as practitioners in the food sector to identify effective strategies for more biodiversity-friendly food supply chains. |
| Date: | 2024–06–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:zpvq4_v1 |
| By: | Oumarou, Mohamadou; Sali, Oumarou; Hamadou, Alioum |
| Abstract: | Do natural resource endowments influence the relationship between economic growth and income inequality in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries? This is the main question of this article. To this end, we use polynomial non-linear modeling and non-parametric and semi-parametric modeling applied to a panel of 43 SSA countries between 2000 and 2020. The data used come from World Development Indicators (WDI) and the University of Texas Inequality Project. In order to enrich the empirical literature on the subject, four indices measure income inequality in the econometric tests. All other things being equal, the results show that the growth-inequality link is non-linear, with a positive trend that changes convexity with the level of growth. Rents from non-renewable natural resources (oil, gas and other minerals) accentuate the negative effect of growth on inequality, while income from renewable resources (water and forests) has the effect of reducing inequality. Furthermore, these results show that rents from a single product (a single natural resource) have no impact on inequality. On the other hand, income from the export of several natural resources accentuates the effect of growth on inequality. Consequently, SSA countries need to put in place a general policy to reduce inequalities and a strategy to reduce their dependence on the exploitation of natural resources. This can be achieved through the structural transformation of economies and the development of global value chains. |
| Date: | 2024–09–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5sczh_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Economics & Policies Environment-Green Issues Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41994 |
| By: | World Bank; International Energy Agency (IEA); International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Finance |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42091 |
| By: | Yan Li |
| Abstract: | As the global economic environment becomes increasingly unstable, enhancing financial flexibility to cope with risks has become the consensus of many companies. At the same time, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance may be one of the effective ways. We studied the impact of a firm's ESG performance on its financial flexibility with a sample of companies listed on the Hong Kong stock market from 2018 to 2022. The empirical results show that good environmental, social and governance performance can significantly improve a firm's financial flexibility. In addition, this paper also finds that the influence of ESG performance on financial flexibility is weak for state-owned enterprises due to the influence of governance structure and market characteristics. Finally, the further analysis shows that there is a mediating role played by financing constraints in this process. This study can provide background information for state-owned enterprises' governance, information disclosure, and corporate operations. It also has guiding significance for relevant investors, management and officials. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.14261 |
| By: | Haufe, Luise |
| Abstract: | Peri-urbanisation has been conceptualised during the recent years. In this research work, peri-urbanisation is viewed through the lens of water body conversion from rural to eventually urban use. Underlying power relations and networks are examined, using an assemblage thinking approach combined with the framework of Situated (Urban) Political Ecology on a case study in peri-urban Chennai, Tamil Nadu, South India. Chennai experiences rapid expansion and its peri-urban zone tells numerous stories of transformation. The underlying rural landscape was defined by the eri (or tank) system and has evolved as a cultural landscape within the past centuries. An eri (Tamil: lake, reservoir) is a semi-natural water body, which catches water during monsoon to retain and release it during the dry season. With the help of eris, agriculture was enabled throughout the year by creating a balance between wet and dry seasons. Eris are connected to each other and form a system of water bodies, which increases the efficiency of water retention as the capacities of the entire system can be utilised through spillover from one eri to another. Within the current context of urbanisation however, eris have to change their meaning to fit into the new setting. This research is focussed on how eris in peri-urban Chennai are being transformed from rural irrigation reservoirs to urban water bodies - a transformation with very diverse outcomes, ranging from modern drinking water reservoirs to decaying water bodies used as landfills. Moreover, the eri defines its surroundings in the traditional cultural landscape, by creating two types of land: irrigated farmland under individual ownership and common land. Peri-urbanisation of eris usually includes their disconnection from their immediate surroundings on the physical, social and administrative level. The characteristics of the two traditional land types and their connection to the eri shape the peri-urbanisation process in regard to legal security, pace of change, land value, environmental and social impact. This results in urban areas of different characteristics, which are based on their former rural land type. The eri as defining landscape feature can therefore be seen as peri-urban development nucleus. Hence, the term "urban eri" is established to define a water body, which has undergone disconnection from its earlier rural surroundings to be reintegrated into its later urban context, thus (re)shaping access mechanisms and the future urban form. |
| Date: | 2024–05–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:pgkn5_v1 |
| By: | Daniel Benitez; Jyoti Bisbey |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance Environment-Environmental Strategy |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42586 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42318 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Persistent Organic Pollutants Environment-Pollution Management & Control Agriculture-Fisheries & Aquaculture |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42600 |
| By: | Stoeckli, Sabrina; Merian, Sybilla (University of Zurich); Holenweger, Geraldine; Nielsen, Kristian Steensen; Natter, Martin |
| Abstract: | Food is a major driver of the biodiversity crisis. Therefore, fostering biodiversity-friendly diets is essential for reducing biodiversity loss and restoring nature. However, how accurately the public perceives biodiversity impact of food is unknown. We conducted a preregistered quota-based study with 1, 744 citizens from Switzerland to examine public perceptions of food-related biodiversity footprints. Only a minority recognizes how substantially food affects biodiversity. The food-related actions perceived as being the most impactful concern more local, organic, and less animal-based foods. Participants—especially those with high problem awareness—systematically overestimated Switzerland-specific biodiversity footprints. The magnitude of this pattern varies across foods, and only a few high-impact foods (e.g., cocoa, olive oil) are underestimated. We demonstrate that a simple educational intervention can alter perceptions of biodiversity footprints. Although we find no change in the general accuracy of footprint ratings, we observe an improvement in the ability to recognize high-impact foods. |
| Date: | 2024–06–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2w4tc_v1 |
| By: | World Bank; Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Green Issues Private Sector Development-Small and Medium Size Enterprises Finance and Financial Sector Development Social Protections and Labor-Employment and Unemployment |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42421 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Health, Nutrition and Population-Health Monitoring & Evaluation Health, Nutrition and Population-Health and Poverty Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42419 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Climate Change and Environment Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Natural Resources Management |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42450 |
| By: | Liotta, Charlotte; Avner, Paolo; Hallegatte, Stephane |
| Abstract: | Flood exposure is likely to increase in the future as a direct consequence of more frequent and more intense flooding and the growth of populations and economic assets in flood-prone areas. Low-income households, which are more likely to be located in high-risk zones, will be particularly affected. This paper assesses the welfare and equity impacts of three flood management policies—risk-based insurance, zoning, and subsidized insurance—using an urban economics framework with two income groups and three potential flood locations. The paper shows that in a first-best setting, risk-based insurance maximizes social welfare. However, depending on flood characteristics, implementing a zoning policy or subsidized insurance is close to optimal and can be more feasible. Subsidizing insurance reduces upward pressure on housing rents but increases flood damage, and is recommended for rare floods occurring in a large part of a city. Zoning policies have the opposite effect, avoiding damage but increasing housing rents, and are recommended for frequent floods in small areas. The social welfare impact of choosing the wrong flood management policy depends on the location of floods relative to employment centers, with flooding close to employment centers being particularly harmful. Implementing flood management policies redistributes flood costs between high- and low-income households through land markets, irrespective of who is directly affected. As such, they are progressive in terms of equity, compared to a laissez-faire scenario with myopic anticipations, in the more common scenario where poorer populations are more exposed to urban floods. But their impacts on inequality depend on flood locations and urban configuration. For instance, in a city where floods are centrally located and low-income households live in the city center, subsidized insurance would mitigate a surge in inequality, whereas a zoning policy could substantially increase inequalities. |
| Date: | 2023–02–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10292 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate International Economics and Trade-Trade Policy Environment-Climate Change Impacts Poverty Reduction-Inequality |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42409 |
| By: | Strzelecka, Celina |
| Abstract: | This article examines the implementation and impact of the Digital Urban Waste Tracking System (DUWTS) in Poland, a smart waste management technology designed to enhance waste segregation practices in urban environments. DUWTS combines public administration and private sector efforts to oversee proper waste disposal through advanced dataveillance technologies. The system utilizes electronic ground containers equipped with sensors and QR codes to weigh and record waste, aiming to improve recycling levels and manage waste data. The purpose of the research is to critically explore the concept of "waste data reflectivity, " highlighting the socio-technological implications of data representation in waste management. The major findings reveal significant distortions and errors in data reflection, impacting various stakeholders, including municipalities, waste disposal companies, and residents. The study concludes that while DUWTS represents a technological advancement, it also perpetuates existing challenges in waste management by obscuring true complexities and responsibilities. Integrating critical discard studies and critical data studies, the article provides a nuanced understanding of the data-driven waste management systems' complexities and challenges. |
| Date: | 2024–10–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ebzsv_v1 |
| By: | Lombana Cordoba Camilo; Gustavo Saltiel; Perez Penalosa Federico |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Water Supply and Sanitation |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42493 |
| By: | Syed Adeel Abbas; Ali Ahmad; Ban Edilbi; Amos Abu |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41833 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Governance-Governance Indicators Environment-Air Quality & Clean Air Urban Development-Urban Environment |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42599 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Governance-Governance Indicators Urban Development-Urban Environment Environment-Air Quality & Clean Air |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42598 |
| By: | Bromwich, Talitha; White, Thomas; Bouchez, Alice; Hawkins, Isobel; zu Ermgassen, Sophus; Bull, Joseph W.; Bartlett, Harriet; Bennun, Leon; Biggs, Elizabeth; Booth, Hollie (University of Oxford) |
| Abstract: | The use of Life cycle assessment (LCA) methods is rapidly expanding as a means of estimating the biodiversity impacts of organisations across complex value chains. However, these methods have limitations and substantial uncertainties, which are rarely communicated in the results of LCAs. Drawing upon the ecological and LCA literature on uncertainty and two worked examples of biodiversity footprinting, we outline where different types of uncertainty occur across multiple stages of the LCA process, from input data to the choice of biodiversity metric. Some uncertainties are epistemic, incorporating structural (e.g., the types of pressures included in models), parametric (e.g., uncertainty around conversion factors), and measurement uncertainty, as well as natural variability, stochasticity, and information gaps. Other uncertainties are linguistic (e.g., ambiguity around definitions of biodiversity) and decision-based (e.g., choices made when matching company data to inventory categories). We provide suggestions for understanding, reducing, and navigating uncertainties when using LCAs for biodiversity footprinting. Understanding the risks posed by these uncertainties, weighing them against the costs of inappropriate action or inaction, and ensuring decisions are robust to these uncertainties, is vital for designing effective biodiversity strategies. With a full understanding of these uncertainties, opportunities exist to utilise LCAs for high-level risk screening to prioritise action and highlight areas where focused effort and more granular data are needed, to track progress towards abating impacts year-on-year and identify low risk actions. However, biodiversity strategies should not be based solely on absolute LCA impact results. Instead, LCAs should be used alongside other approaches to guide location-specific and robust action to deliver a Nature Positive future. |
| Date: | 2024–07–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:th8j6_v1 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Energy-Electric Power Energy-Energy and Environment Environment-Climate Change Impacts |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42208 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth International Economics and Trade-Trade Facilitation Urban Development Water Supply and Sanitation-Urban Solid Waste Management Private Sector Development-Global Value Chains and Business Clustering |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42704 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42463 |
| By: | Owen Nie; Nepomuk Dunz; Hector Pollitt |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Banks & Banking Reform |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41970 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Development Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42246 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Oil & Gas Environment-Carbon Policy and Trading Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42495 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development Environment-Natural Disasters Environment-Climate Change Impacts Urban Development |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42624 |
| By: | Timo Kuosmanen; Xun Zhou |
| Abstract: | Secondary materials present promising opportunities for firms to repurpose emissions into marketable goods, aligning with circular economy principles. This paper examines conditions under which introducing a market for secondary materials can completely replace Pigouvian emissions taxes. These conditions prove highly restrictive: positive Pigouvian emissions taxes remain necessary unless secondary materials prices immediately reach unrealistically high levels. We propose that the socially optimal budget-neutral policy is to subsidize secondary materials prices while taxing uncontrolled emissions. Further, we extend the analysis to a two-firm framework where a data center supplies residual heat to a district heating firm acting as a monopsony buyer. This extension explicitly models the demand for residual heat and explores how subsidies and emissions taxes align firm incentives with the social optimum in the absence of competitive markets. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.14636 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction-Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Health, Nutrition and Population-Communicable Diseases Conflict and Development-Disaster Management Agriculture-Agribusiness Industry-Industrial Management Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies Poverty Reduction-Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42109 |
| By: | Glitscher, Wolfgang |
| Abstract: | Decarbonization and the conversion of production to circular processes and the use of sustainable raw materials is in the hands of the strategic decision-makers of organizations who want this transformation. The necessary concepts and organizational measures must be put in place in the following steps. The necessary prerequisites for strategic and operational management and thus also for project management are discussed at the beginning and illustrated with examples. Subsequently, the example of an international group with over one hundred production sites worldwide is used to illustrate how this transformation process is managed via a program and a project management office (PMO) over a period of more than ten years. The process is fully digitalized to ensure the necessary monitoring and control. |
| Date: | 2024–06–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:zxk6h_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Renewable Energy Energy-Windpower Law and Development-Environmental & Natural Resources Law |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42461 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Renewable Energy Energy-Windpower Law and Development-Environmental & Natural Resources Law |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42233 |
| By: | Tijen Arin; Shalika Subasinghe; Annabelle Bladon; Tiloka De Silva |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Natural Resources Management Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Agriculture-Fisheries & Aquaculture Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42410 |
| By: | Juliette Malvagi (AgroParisTech, ENS Paris Saclay - Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay); Romero Rocha (UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Federal University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] = Université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]); Julien Wolfersberger (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04938138 |
| By: | Chakraborty, Kritika Sen; Villa, Kira M. |
| Abstract: | Rural households rely on several strategies to cope with weather variability, including school-work transitions of adolescents and changes in human capital investments. Using rich longitudinal data from rural South Africa linked with geospatial data on climate indicators, we examined the effect of rainfall realizations on the schooling and work decisions and education expenditures of adolescents and young adults. We exploited the exogenous within-individual variation in exposure to district-level rainfall realizations over age. Our results suggest that current and lagged growing season rainfall increases adolescent human capital investments on the intensive margin among both female and male adolescents. While current rainfall decreased labour market participation among adolescents in non-agricultural households, current rainfall increased female labour supply in agricultural households. We also found that previous-period rainfall positively affected work propensity among all male adolescents. Our results documented schooling and labour supply adjustments among adolescents in agricultural and non-agricultural households, in response to rainfall fluctuations. |
| Date: | 2024–08–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:695939e4-0327-4bc9-9ced-2ac00c57dad0 |
| By: | World Bank; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42005 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Private Sector Development-Competitiveness and Competition Policy Social Protections and Labor-Wages, Compensation & Benefits Private Sector Development Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42645 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41866 |
| By: | Hafish, Muhammad; Famiola, Melia |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to focus on the contribution of stakeholder engagement to Sustainable innovation (SI) within the context of sustainable food and agriculture context. It investigates whether engagement with different stakeholders promotes sustainable innovation. The empirical analysis is based on a distinctive single case study of sustainable-oriented ventures that successfully deliver sustainable impact within their SI. A qualitative study, which an abductive approach was performed in order to delve the stakeholder engagement and its relationship with the type of SI. We use multiple data sources. Primary data such as semi-unstructured interview with several representative innovating ventures. Then, secondary data from multiple sources gathered to acquire deeper knowledge and information to capture the retrospective data about SI journey and development process of the ventures. Result showed that proactive role in venture to engage with various and wider stakeholders is needed to foster the SI particularly in system-building SI. Moreover, sustainability-oriented innovation (SI) as a journey and its characteristics constitutes from on practices that constitute day-to-day SI activities, strategies, activities, and linkages that resulting SI output and outcome. Particularly, stakeholders are part of these linkages. The wider and various of stakeholders also its engagement in co-creation of SI is affecting the output and outcomes of its SI. This research extends the response to the lack of systematic knowledge about stakeholder collaboration in SI. This paper provides a fine-grain qualitative analysis, a single case study, and identifies several types of stakeholders with various roles in the SI. |
| Date: | 2024–06–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bp94f_v1 |
| By: | Muhammad Khudadad Chattha; Hoda Youssef; Olena Ftomova; Ashwaq Natiq Maseeh; Xinyue Wang; Željko Bogeti?; Dominik Naeher; Christian Borja-Vega; Adnan Ghosheh |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Freshwater Resources Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42515 |
| By: | Shinohara, Hajime (Keio University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effectiveness of an "opportunity-based approach" as a new solution to the challenges faced by non-profit organizations, particularly national governing bodies of minor sports, such as financial constraints and human resource shortages. Using the Japan Korfball Association (JKA), which governs korfball (a sport similar to mixed-gender basketball), as a case study, we analyzed the effects of implementing an organizational management model centered on "opportunities" such as "national team selection slots" and "tournament participation slots" rather than traditional monetary incentives. Through specific measures including a contribution map and evaluation system utilizing website integration, and a framework system that integrates competition and operations, organizational revitalization and development were achieved. As a result, improvements were seen in website content, increased number of tournaments, participation of diverse human resources, and enhanced external relationships. This study presents a sustainable development model for national governing bodies of minor sports while suggesting new possibilities for value creation in sports organization management. Furthermore, this approach has high potential for application to other fields facing similar challenges, such as non-profit organizations and startups, and is expected to have broad social impact as a new organizational management framework that does not overly rely on monetary value. |
| Date: | 2025–01–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:c45us_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Private Sector Development-Global Value Chains and Business Clustering Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42546 |
| By: | Jiwook Jang; Patrick J. Laub; Tak Kuen Siu; Hongbiao Zhao |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we consider catastrophe stop-loss reinsurance valuation for a reinsurance company with dynamic contagion claims. To deal with conventional and emerging catastrophic events, we propose the use of a compound dynamic contagion process for the catastrophic component of the liability. Under the premise that there is an absence of arbitrage opportunity in the market, we obtain arbitrage-free premiums for these contacts. To this end, the Esscher transform is adopted to specify an equivalent martingale probability measure. We show that reinsurers have various ways of levying the security loading on the net premiums to quantify the catastrophic liability in light of the growing challenges posed by emerging risks arising from climate change, cyberattacks, and pandemics. We numerically compare arbitrage-free catastrophe stop-loss reinsurance premiums via the Monte Carlo simulation method. Sensitivity analyzes are performed by changing the Esscher parameters and the retention level. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.13325 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, Legislation and Regulation Water Supply and Sanitation-Water Supply and Sanitation Participation Law and Development-Administrative & Regulatory Law Governance-International Governmental Organizations |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42602 |
| By: | Shinohara, Hajime (Keio University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effectiveness of an "opportunity-based approach" as a new solution to the challenges faced by non-profit organizations, particularly national governing bodies of minor sports, such as financial constraints and human resource shortages. Using the Japan Korfball Association (JKA), which governs korfball (a sport similar to mixed-gender basketball), as a case study, we analyzed the effects of implementing an organizational management model centered on "opportunities" such as "national team selection slots" and "tournament participation slots" rather than traditional monetary incentives. Through specific measures including a contribution map and evaluation system utilizing website integration, and a framework system that integrates competition and operations, organizational revitalization and development were achieved. As a result, improvements were seen in website content, increased number of tournaments, participation of diverse human resources, and enhanced external relationships. This study presents a sustainable development model for national governing bodies of minor sports while suggesting new possibilities for value creation in sports organization management. Furthermore, this approach has high potential for application to other fields facing similar challenges, such as non-profit organizations and startups, and is expected to have broad social impact as a new organizational management framework that does not overly rely on monetary value. |
| Date: | 2025–01–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:7fdb4_v1 |
| By: | BARRO, Lamissa; TIENDREBEOGO, Aicha; NANA, Issa; Mawuvi KY, Landry Paul Armand |
| Abstract: | Education levels in Burkina Faso, especially among women, remain low despite efforts made by government authorities and development partners to implement priority area 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). This situation presents difficulties for women in terms of their being economically and socially empowered. At the same time, the infant mortality rate in Burkina Faso is higher than the average for sub Saharan Africa. This study therefore used data derived from health and population surveys to provide evidence of the combined impact of the level of education and economic empowerment of women on infant mortality, using an instrumental variables approach on a linear probability model. The results highlight the positive impact of the education levels of women understood through the aspect of literacy and their economic empowerment, in terms of probability of gain, decision-making power in relation to those gains and in relation to the familys level of expenditure. Nevertheless, the impact of the level of economic empowerment of mothers remains mixed. In regard to economic policy, emphasis should be laid upon the strengthening of policies related to education of girls to ensure their empowerment in the future. |
| Date: | 2024–08–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:8ce3b9cf-a688-46f1-9720-7498624a2498 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Tourism and Ecotourism Urban Development Agriculture-Agribusiness Industry-General Manufacturing Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42630 |
| By: | Stephan Bogs; Ali Abdelshafy; Grit Walther |
| Abstract: | The transition to a low-carbon economy necessitates effective carbon capture and storage (CCS) solutions, particularly for hard-to-abate sectors. Herein, pipeline networks are indispensable for cost-efficient $CO_2$ transportation over long distances. However, there is deep uncertainty regarding which industrial sectors will participate in such systems. This poses a significant challenge due to substantial investments as well as the lengthy planning and development timelines required for $CO_2$ pipeline projects, which are further constrained by limited upgrade options for already built infrastructure. The economies of scale inherent in pipeline construction exacerbate these challenges, leading to potential regret over earlier decisions. While numerous models were developed to optimize the initial layout of pipeline infrastructure based on known demand, a gap exists in addressing the incremental development of infrastructure in conjunction with deep uncertainty. Hence, this paper introduces a novel optimization model for $CO_2$ pipeline infrastructure development, minimizing regret as its objective function and incorporating various upgrade options, such as looping and pressure increases. The model's effectiveness is also demonstrated by presenting a comprehensive case study of Germany's cement and lime industries. The developed approach quantitatively illustrates the trade-off between different options, which can help in deriving effective strategies for $CO_2$ infrastructure development. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.12035 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Industry-Mining & Extractive Industry (Non-Energy) Energy-Energy Markets Social Protections and Labor-Employment and Unemployment International Economics and Trade-Access to Markets Governance-International Governmental Organizations |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42156 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Conflict and Development-Disaster Management Environment-Natural Disasters Agriculture-Food Security Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies Urban Development |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42152 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Marine Environment |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42102 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Capital Markets and Capital Flows Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate International Economics and Trade-Trade Finance and Investment |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42649 |
| By: | Juanjuan Fan; Ying Wang |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces a new solution concept for the Cooperative Game with Public Externalities, called the w-value, which is characterized by three properties (axioms), namely Pareto-optimality (PO), Market-equilbrium (ME) and Fiscal-balance (FB). Additionally, the implementation mechanism for w-value is also provided. The w-value exists and is unique. It belongs to the core. And, more specifically, it belongs to the -core. Meanwhile, the computational cost of w-value is very low. Therefore, the w-value is a theoretically more compelling solution concept than the existing cooperation game solutions when analyzing cooperative games with public externalities. A numerical illustration shows the calculation steps of w-value. Meanwhile, the w-value well explains the reason why the mandatory emission reduction mechanism must be transformed into a "nationally determined contribution" mechanism in current international climate negotiations. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.16800 |
| By: | Manuel E. Morales (ESC Clermont-Ferrand - École Supérieure de Commerce (ESC) - Clermont-Ferrand); Susu Nousala (KTU - Kaunas University of Technology); Morteza Ghobakhloo (Department Engineering Sciences - Industrial Engineering and Management [Uppsala] - Uppsala University) |
| Abstract: | In this chapter, we explore and analyze the foundations of our societal relationships, in relation to the concept of industrial transitions. When trying to understand how humans, collectively and prospectively, adapt or react to socioeconomic disruptive changes like the one Industry 5.0 is enacting, two concepts emerge. The first concept is the scope at which humans can handle complex issues. The second is the speed at which they are able to reframe their mental models, based on exposure to high-speed information exchange, that may drive thinking towards unexpected and completely different outcomes. We argue that ecosystems and their innovation capabilities are the only available mechanism we collectively have to build creativity and address the prioritizing of societal values. Innovation ecosystems can supply the testbed pathways on which better societal functions may emerge. In summary, this chapter discusses ways in which socioeconomic transitions could be dynamically applied to relevant functional systems, with a time horizon that allows enough time for evaluation of the effects (positive or negative), so that elements could be changed and/or introduced into or for the system. The circular society described in this chapter would have both intended and unintended consequences, as does any social complex adaptive system. As such, changes to any social contract defining particular interactions and relevant issues, would in turn, contribute to the fabric of preconditions and definitions of the transition between Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. |
| Abstract: | Dans ce chapitre, nous explorons et analysons les fondements de nos relations sociétales, en relation avec le concept de transitions industrielles. Lorsqu'on tente de comprendre comment les humains, collectivement et prospectivement, s'adaptent ou réagissent aux changements socio-économiques perturbateurs comme celui qu'implique l'Industrie 5.0, deux concepts émergent. Le premier concept est la portée avec laquelle les humains peuvent gérer des problèmes complexes. La seconde est la vitesse à laquelle ils sont capables de recadrer leurs modèles mentaux, sur la base d'une exposition à un échange d'informations à grande vitesse, qui peut conduire la réflexion vers des résultats inattendus et complètement différents. Nous soutenons que les écosystèmes et leurs capacités d'innovation sont le seul mécanisme dont nous disposons collectivement pour développer la créativité et donner la priorité aux valeurs sociétales. Les écosystèmes d'innovation peuvent fournir des pistes d'essai sur lesquelles de meilleures fonctions sociétales peuvent émerger. En résumé, ce chapitre examine les manières dont les transitions socio-économiques pourraient être appliquées de manière dynamique aux systèmes fonctionnels pertinents, avec un horizon temporel qui laisse suffisamment de temps pour évaluer les effets (positifs ou négatifs), afin que les éléments puissent être modifiés et/ou introduits dans les systèmes fonctionnels concernés. ou pour le système. La société circulaire décrite dans ce chapitre aurait des conséquences à la fois voulues et imprévues, comme tout système social adaptatif complexe. En tant que tel, les modifications apportées à tout contrat social définissant des interactions particulières et des questions pertinentes contribueraient à leur tour au tissu de conditions préalables et aux définitions de la transition entre l'Industrie 4.0 et l'Industrie 5.0. |
| Keywords: | Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0, Circular society, Social Complex Adaptive System |
| Date: | 2024–04–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04542447 |
| By: | Stéphane De Cara (ECO-PUB - Economie Publique - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - AgroParisTech, SAE2 - Département Sciences Sociales, Agriculture et Alimentation, Espace et Environnement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Maxime Ollier |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04938167 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction-Access of Poor to Social Services Poverty Reduction-Moving Out Of Poverty Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41839 |
| By: | Petri P. Karenlampi |
| Abstract: | For the first time, quality distribution of trees is introduced in a tree growth model. Consequently, the effects of quality thinning on stand development can be investigated. Quality thinning improves the financial return in all cases studied, but the effect is small. Rotation ages, timber stocks and maturity diameters are not much affected by quality thinning. Bare land valuation neither changes the contribution of the quality thinning. The reason for the small effect apparently lies in the value development of individual trees. The relative value development of small pulpwood trunks is large, since the harvesting expense per volume unit is reduced along with size increment. Such trees are not feasible objects for quality thinning, unless quality correlates with growth rate. Another enhanced stage of value development is when pulpwood trunks turn to sawlog trunks. For large pulpwood trunks, quality thinning is feasible. Existing sawlog content in trees dilutes the effect of quality thinning on the financial return. The results change if the growth rate is positively correlated with quality, quality thinning becoming feasible in all commercial diameter classes. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.09678 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Protection Environment-Marine Environment Environment-Pollution Management & Control |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42460 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Private Sector Development-Enterprise Development & Reform Social Protections and Labor-Labor Policies Rural Development-Rural Roads & Transport Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42614 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42568 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Persistent Organic Pollutants Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Tourism and Ecotourism |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42623 |
| By: | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) |
| Keywords: | Energy-Renewable Energy |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42578 |