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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Masashige Hamano (Waseda University, School of Political Science and Economics); Yuki Murakami (Waseda University, Graduate School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper highlights the potential for decoupling economic growth from CO2 emissions under strong policy, while providing a tractable framework for analyzing the long-run global green transition. We develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms: green firms abate emissions at higher costs, while brown firms do not. Emissions reduce aggregate productivity but are not internalized in competitive equilibrium. Using global data from 1981 to 2022, we calibrate the model to match observed trends in GDP and emissions. The analysis delivers three main findings. First, while emissions continue to rise, the share of green firms grows over time. Second, faster technological progress amplifies the growth–emissions trade-off, whereas slower progress attenuates it. Third, welfare analysis shows that the optimal emission tax must be substantially higher than current levels, though its role is moderated when combined with abatement innovation. Together, these results underscore the importance of policy in sustaining growth while mitigating environmental externalities. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Green transition, Heterogeneous firms, Economic growth, DSGE models |
| JEL: | Q54 Q58 E32 F44 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wap:wpaper:2522 |
| By: | Juan J. Cortina (World Bank); Claudio Raddatz (Central Bank of Chile, School of Economics and Business, Universidad de Chile); Sergio L. Schmukler (World Bank Research Department); Tomas Williams (George Washington University) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how firms use green versus conventional debt and the associated firm- and aggregate-level environmental consequences. Employing a dataset of 127, 711 global bond and syndicated loan issuances by non-financial firms across 85 countries during 2012-23, the paper documents a sharp rise in green debt issuances relative to conventional issuances since 2018. This increase is particularly pronounced among large firms with high carbon dioxide emissions. Local projections difference-in-differences estimates show that, compared to conventional debt, green bond and loan issuances are systematically followed by sustained reductions in carbon intensity (emissions over income) of up to 50 percent. These reductions correspond to as much as 15 percent of global annual emissions. Green bonds contribute to reducing emissions by providing financing to large, high-emitting firms, whose improvements in carbon intensity have significant aggregate consequences. Syndicated loans do so by channeling a larger volume of financing to a wider set of firms. |
| Keywords: | carbon emissions, corporate bonds, firm growth, green debt, green transition, sustainability, syndicated loans |
| JEL: | F33 G00 G01 G15 G21 G23 G31 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anc:wmofir:193 |
| By: | Marion Davin (Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AMSE, Marseille, France); Mouez Fodha (Paris School of Economics, University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne); Thomas Seegmuller (Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AMSE, Marseille, France) |
| Abstract: | This paper considers the dynamics of pollution and sustainable growth in a context where the detrimental effects of pollution on total factor productivity can push the economy to a point of collapse. With environmental policy constrained by tax revenues, we investigate how the proximity to collapse -distance to the end -influences the balance between mitigation and adaptation spending. We show that adaptation policies are recommended when pollution intensity is high, whereas mitigation policies may be more effective when pollution intensity is low. Financing these policies by a carbon tax is more effective than an income tax. Examining the welfare of present and future generations, we reveal that the trade-off between mitigation and adaptation does not align across generations: while current generations may prefer adaptation, future generations tend to benefit more from mitigation. |
| Keywords: | Environmental damage, Environmental policy, fiscal policy, sustainability |
| JEL: | E60 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aim:wpaimx:2519 |
| By: | Camilo Ulloa; Agustín García; Joxe Mari Barrutiabengoa |
| Abstract: | Este documento presenta un marco metodológico para cuantificar el impacto económico de desastres naturales. Estima una función de daños y mide los efectos sobre el empleo usando un modelo espacial dinámico. La DANA 2024 en Valencia valida el enfoque, y destaca la importancia de la localización y las indemnizaciones. This paper presents a methodological framework to quantify the economic impact of natural disasters. It estimates a damage function and measures employment effects using a dynamic spatial model. The 2024 DANA in Valencia validates the approach and highlights the importance of both location and compensation mechanisms. |
| Keywords: | DANA, DANA, Employment, Empleo, Climate change, Cambio climático, Global, Global, Europe, Europa, Spain, España, Macroeconomic Analysis, Análisis Macroeconómico, Regional Analysis Spain, Análisis Regional España, Climate Sustainability, Sostenibilidad Climática, Working Paper, Documento de Trabajo |
| JEL: | Q54 E24 R11 C33 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bbv:wpaper:2513 |
| By: | Madhushree Ayalasomayajula (University of Lausanne - Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC Lausanne)); Eric Jondeau (University of Lausanne - Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC Lausanne); Swiss Finance Institute) |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a theoretical asset-pricing model to examine how sustainable investors can combine exclusion and engagement strategies to accelerate corporate transition. Firms are classified as green, brown, or reformable, with the latter being polluting firms that can reduce emissions under shareholder pressure. Sustainable investors exclude brown firms but may engage with reformable ones when majority ownership enables them to enforce a transition. Engagement is modeled as a costly but effective mechanism that lowers emissions and generates non-pecuniary benefits for investors. Our main result is that only a moderate share of sustainable investors (around 22.5% of market wealth) is sufficient to trigger reformable firms' transition, provided they derive a modest non-pecuniary benefit (about 2.3%) from sustainability improvements. In this equilibrium, sustainable investors are willing to concentrate their portfolios in reformable assets, enabling these firms to adopt cleaner technologies and reduce their environmental footprint. The model shows that a relatively small but motivated coalition of investors can induce meaningful environmental change through targeted engagement. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Investing, Exclusion and Engagement, Equilibrium Asset Pricing, Shareholder Activism, Green Transition |
| JEL: | G11 G12 Q51 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2574 |
| By: | Anna Lungarska (US ODR - Observatoire des Programmes Communautaires de Développement Rural - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Raja Chakir (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the complex relationship between climate change and ecosystem services (ESs) in France. We explore both the direct effects of climate change and the indirect effects of land-use change on six regulating ESs (e.g., habitat quality, water retention) and two provisioning ESs (e.g., crop production, livestock production). Results indicate that while climate change may initially have positive impacts on ESs, the induced negative impacts of land-use adaptation often overshadow these benefits. We show the effectiveness of a greenhouse gas (GHG) tax of 200€/tCO2eq on agriculture in offsetting the negative effects of land-use adaptation to climate change on ESs. This highlights the importance of integrating economic instruments, such as carbon pricing mechanisms, to promote the sustainable management of ESs in the context of climate change. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Climate change adaptation and mitigation, Spatial autocorrelation, Land use, Ecosystem services |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04692723 |
| By: | Tiantian Yang; Richard S. J. Tol |
| Abstract: | To address the dual environmental challenges of pollution and climate change, China has established multiple environmental markets, including pollution emissions trading, carbon emissions trading, energy-use rights trading, and green electricity trading. Previous empirical studies suffer from known biases arising from time-varying treatment and multiple treatments. To address these limitations, this study adopts a dynamic control group design and combines Difference-in-Difference (DiD) and Artificial Counterfactual (ArCo) empirical strategies. Using panel data on A-share listed companies from 2000 to 2024, this study investigates the marginal effects and interactive impacts of multiple environmental markets implemented in staggered and overlapping phases. Existing pollution emissions trading mitigates the negative effects of carbon emission trading. Carbon trading suppresses (improves) financial performance (if implemented alongside energy-use rights trading). The addition of energy-use rights or green electricity trading in regions already covered by carbon or pollution markets has no significant effects. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.26403 |
| By: | Quinten De Wettinck; Karolien De Bruyne; Wouter Bam; C\'esar A. Hidalgo |
| Abstract: | Economic complexity has been linked to sustainability outcomes, such as income inequality and greenhouse gas emissions. Yet, it is unclear whether the pursuit of complex and/or related activities naturally aligns with these outcomes, or whether meeting sustainability goals requires policy interventions that pursue unrelated diversification. Here, we exploit multidimensional social and environmental sustainability indicators to quantify the alignment between a country's closest diversification opportunities and sustainability goals. We find that high- and upper-middle-income countries face significantly better environmentally aligned diversification opportunities than poorer economies. This means that, while richer countries enjoy diversification opportunities that align complexity, relatedness and environmental performance, this alignment is weaker for developing economies. These findings underscore the value of evaluating future diversification trajectories through a multidimensional sustainability framework, and emphasise the strategic relevance of unrelated diversification for less developed economies to foster sustainable development. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.17919 |
| By: | Killian Thibaud Chary (UMR ISEM - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EPHE - École Pratique des Hautes Études - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Emma Soulé (INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Souhil Harchaoui (INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Circularity is a powerful strategy for decreasing the use of non-renewable resources, nutrient pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions from food systems. To enhance food system sustainability, circularity and its trade-offs should be considered along with productivity, efficiency, or self-sufficiency strategies. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural policies, Nutrient cycling, Environmental impacts, Crop-livestock integration, Circular food systems, systèmes alimentaires, impact sur l'environnement, systèmes agroalimentaires, autosuffisance, agroécologie, diversification, système de production, réglementation |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05298391 |
| By: | Zacharias Sautner (University of Zurich - Department of Finance; Swiss Finance Institute; European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)) |
| Abstract: | Institutional investors can use engagement strategies to affect corporate responses to climate and nature risks. Engagement improves climate-related disclosure and sometimes reduces emissions. However, persistently high emissions among major polluters and carbon leakage through divestitures or outsourcing raise doubts about investors' ultimate effect on economywide decarbonization. Collective investor initiatives may enhance engagement, yet evidence remains limited on their effectiveness. Recent extensions of engagement efforts to nature topics reflect the interconnectedness of nature and climate risks. Open research questions point to a rich agenda for understanding better how, why, and with what effects institutional investors engage on climate and nature risks. |
| Keywords: | Institutional Investors, Climate Risks, Nature Risks, Engagement, Active Ownership |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2576 |
| By: | Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Eder Peter (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "HIGHLIGHTS- Climate Change Mitigation: Circular Economy strategies in four key industries can double the greenhouse gas emission reduction by 2050, compared to relying solely on decarbonisation efforts, saving 189-231 Mt CO2-eq. per year- Reduced Fossil Energy Demand: EU fossil energy carrier demand can reduce by 6%- Higher Economic Security: The EU’s trade balance can be improved by up to EUR 35 billion annually, through reduced imports.- Significant Decoupling Effect: Greenhouse gas emissions can decrease 9 to 26 times more than the reduction in the gross value added of the energy-intensive sectors" |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143439 |
| By: | Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Christis Maarten; Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "In the face of accelerating climate change and a shifting geopolitical landscape, the circular economy (CE) paradigm is emerging as a critical strategy in EU policy-making. This is of particu-lar importance for the cement and concrete sector, which accounts for about 4% of EU greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study demonstrates that implementing CE levers related to reduction, reuse and recovery could significantly reduce GHG emissions by up to 52 Mt CO2-eq. annually and enhance the EU's trade balance by approximately €6.1 billion by 2050. Decreased imports are the main reason for this trade balance improvement. However, potential trade-offs from CE levers related reduction and reuse, such as lower employment and economic growth, necessitate further research into socioeconomic impacts in service sectors. Key CE levers include substituting clinker with alternative binders, reducing the use of concrete by design as well as advancing cement fines recycling technologies. The findings underscore the necessity for a com-prehensive policy mix to harness CE's full potential, with a focus on the production and use phase, given the large material flows in the construction versus the demolition phase. Therefore, economic incentives related to financial support of novel clinker and cement recycling technolo-gies, as well as the inclusion of novel cements in green public procurement award criteria are proposed, in addition to updating cement, concrete and building standards towards performance-based standards. In the light of the forthcoming Circular Economy Act in 2026, this research provides detailed insights for policymakers to implement CE measures that go beyond waste legislation to ensure a resilient and competitive EU industrial sector." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143126 |
| By: | Yuna Heo (University of Basel - Faculty of Business and Economics; Swiss Finance Institute); S. Ghon Rhee (University of Hawaii at Manoa - Shidler College of Business; University of Hawaii at Manoa - Department of Financial Economics and Institutions) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the effects of skilled labor mobility as a response to climate disasters. Based on a novel measure of firm-level skilled labor mobility, we identify that skilled labor mobility exposed to climate disasters leads to increased liquidity buffers whereas routine-task labor does not. Additionally, firms with skilled labor mobility exposed to frequent climate disasters experience a decrease in sales growth and market shares, while firms with more routine-task labor remain unaffected. Furthermore, state-level climate adaptation policies can mitigate the adverse effects of climate disasters. Overall, the findings suggest that skilled labor mobility increases the cost of labor adjustment induced by climate change, but adaptation actions promote resilience to the challenges caused by labor market frictions. |
| Keywords: | skilled labor, labor mobility, climate disasters, precautionary savings, product market outcomes, climate adaptation policy, routine-task labor |
| JEL: | G15 G32 G38 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2568 |
| By: | Rêve Dagher (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Nicolas Faysse (Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Leila Temri (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Myriam Kessari (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Faten Khamassi (Laboratoire GREEN_TEAM - INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie) |
| Abstract: | Crop diversity is promoted for its environmental benefits. However, few analyses have been conducted on whether crop diversity can reduce farm economic vulnerability to multiple production stresses. Deglet Noor is the most frequently grown variety of date in Kebili Region, Tunisia. Other date varieties, termed "common date varieties", were formerly considered to be less profitable and hence marginalised. Date production in this region is facing constraints linked to climate change, decreasing water availability and rising labour costs. The study compares the economic benefits of producing Deglet Noor dates and common date varieties at farm level, when faced with different production stresses. A survey was made of 123 farmers producing dates in Kebili Region. In the absence of stress, Deglet Noor is the most profitable variety, but its profitability is particularly vulnerable to different stresses. By contrast, the profitability of common date varieties is much less sensitive to these stresses. Stress-free environments become increasingly rare in Tunisian oases. Hence, re-directing interest towards common date varieties could help build less vulnerable oasis farming systems. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Crop diversification, Dates, Tunisia, Underutilised crops, Profitability, Economic vulnerability |
| Date: | 2025–10–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05303130 |
| By: | Derek Lemoine; Catherine Hausman; Jeffrey G. Shrader |
| Abstract: | Multiple lines of research aim to quantify the economic impacts of climate change, including through reduced-form and structural approaches. We show that the effects of climate change on economic activity depend on changes in weather across time and space: changes in contemporary weather have direct effects on output; changes in past weather and in expectations of future weather induce adaptation; and changes in weather elsewhere around the globe introduce a general equilibrium component. Using this framework, we argue that estimation of climate impacts faces a trilemma: a methodology can have at most two of (i) robustness to a particular economic model structure, (ii) interpretation as effects of persistent, widespread, anticipated climate change, and (iii) quasi-experimental identification. We summarize the literature on climate damages in light of the trilemma, with an emphasis on recent progress understanding adaptation and spatial spillovers. We propose directions for future work. |
| JEL: | C23 C51 F18 O13 Q17 Q51 Q54 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34348 |
| By: | Bertassello Leonardo (European Commission - JRC); Basu Nandita; Maes Joachim; Grizzetti Bruna (European Commission - JRC); La Notte Alessandra; Feyen Luc (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "In Europe, excessive inputs of nitrogen threaten ecosystems and public health. Wetlands act as natural filters, removing excess nutrients and protecting downstream waters. Using high-resolution data on nitrogen surplus and wetlands distribution, we estimate that existing European wetlands remove 1092 ± 95 kt of nitrogen per year. Restoring 27% of wetlands historically drained for agriculture (3% of land area), targeted in high nitrogen input areas, could reduce current nitrogen loads to the sea by 36%, but with potential costs to agricultural productivity. A more efficient strategy targets wetland restoration on farmlands projected to be abandoned by 2040, yielding a 22% load reduction, and enabling major rivers such as the Rhine, Elbe and Vistula to meet water quality targets with minimal agricultural impact. Our findings highlight wetland restoration as a cost-effective, policy-relevant solution that – if spatially targeted – can deliver major water quality improvements while supporting broader EU climate, biodiversity, and agricultural sustainability goals." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143319 |
| By: | Wagner Aymara; Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Rostek Leon; Keramidas Kimon (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Christis Maarten; Fonteyn Pieter; Petsinaris Foivos; Zibell Laurent; Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "The EU steel sector can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 64-81 Mt CO2-eq. annually by 2050 through circular economy (CE) measures. CE can also significantly decrease EU demand for ores and energy demand, leading to a €7 billion annual increase in the EU net trade balance with significant imports reduction from China, US, UK, and Russia. However, this may come with trade-offs such as reduced employment and gross value added, which need to be further studied. The study's findings are policy-relevant, highlighting the need for a holistic approach and policy mix to materialise CE potential and informing EU policy-makers on strategies to support the steel sector's sustainable transition." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc142957 |
| By: | Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Garcia-gutierrez Pelayo; Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "The implementation of Circular Economy measures in the EU plastics sector has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 75-84 Mt CO2-eq. annually by 2050. CE measures can also significantly decrease EU demand for fossil resources and energy demand, leading to a €18 billion annual increase in the EU net trade balance with significant imports reduction from the US, China, UK, and Russia. However, this may come with trade-offs such as reduced employment and gross value added, which need to be further studied to produce more accurate assessment and potential mitigation measures. The study's findings are policy-relevant, highlighting the need for a holistic approach and policy mix over the lifecycle of materials and products to materialise the CE potential, while informing EU policymakers on feasible strategies to support the plastics sector's sustainability transition." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143075 |
| By: | Akbaripour, Navid (Stockholm School of Economics); Bos, Marieke (Mistra Center for Sustainable Markets (Misum)); Mahdikhani, Ehsan (Stockholm School of Economics); Olafsson, Arna (Stockholm School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Financial markets are increasingly seen as pivotal in mitigating climate change by influencing consumer choices. This paper studies the introduction of a green loan program in Iceland that offers an interest rate rebate for electric vehicle (EV) purchases, and analyzes who selects these loans and how adopting an electric car affects household finances. Using transaction-level data from a large Icelandic bank, we compare green car loan takers to regular car loan takers. We find that green loan adopters tend to be more affluent, have larger families, live in areas with strong Green Party support, and are more financially literate and more likely to have previously invested in green bonds, indicating both pro-environment and financial-awareness channels in selection. They also exhibit different pre-purchase consumption patterns (e.g., lower spending on gasoline and higher spending on other carbon-intensive goods) even before switching to an EV. After the purchase, green loan households dramatically reduce gasoline expenditures (about 30% on average) while increasing electricity costs modestly (around 13%), resulting in a net decline in monthly car-related outlays of roughly 10, 000 ISK (≈$77). This corresponds to a 0.8 percentage point drop in the household’s energy-expenditure-to-income ratio and implies sizable reductions in fuel-related CO2 emissions. We further show that exogenous liquidity windfalls significantly increase the likelihood of choosing a green car loan: lottery winners who subsequently buy a car are 12-13 percentage points more likely to opt for an EV. However, because current green loan take-up is heavily skewed toward wealthier, already green consumers, the aggregate carbon reductions remain limited. Our findings suggest that green loan programs can both cut carbon emissions and save consumers money, but only if complemented by policies to broaden access beyond the environmentally motivated and financially well-off. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Finance; Green Loans; Household Finance |
| JEL: | G00 |
| Date: | 2025–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:hamisu:2025_003 |
| By: | Lautaro Chittaro; Monika Piazzesi; Marcelo J. Sena; Martin Schneider |
| Abstract: | In frictionless financial markets, a carbon tax on energy users provides the same incentives as a replicating asset price schedule that depends on emissions. In particular, the replicating rate of return on a firm increases linearly in scope 1 emissions relative to enterprise value. We use this result to interpret pollution premia measured by recent empirical studies and conclude that markets currently provide only modest incentives. Replicating a serious carbon tax requires high returns in the right tail of the emission intensity distribution. With heterogeneous investors, such returns are not sustainable unless essentially everyone perceives large nonpecuniary costs from holding dirty capital. Substantial emission reductions can be achieved, however, when even a small share of investors perceive nonpecuniary benefits from owning clean electricity capital. |
| JEL: | E0 G0 Q0 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34342 |
| By: | Yasmine Blili (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, IAV Hassan II - Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II); Elie Abou Nader (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, IAV Hassan II - Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II); Iciar Pavez (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes); Paolo Prosperi (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Rachid Harbouze (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, IAV Hassan II - Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II); Leonidas Sotirios Kyrgiakos (UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]); Christina Kleisiari (UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]); Marios Vasileiou (UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]); Vasileios Angelopoulos (UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]); George Vlontzos (UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]); Georgios Kleftodimos (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Pollination is a critical ecosystem service for agriculture, with 76 % of European food crops and 80 % of wild plants depending on it. However, bee populations are declining due to diseases, pesticides, and climate change, with major economic and environmental impacts. In France, pollination services are valued between 2, 3 and 5, 3 billion euros annually, but detailed data at the department scale (NUTS 3) is lacking. This study aims to fill this gap by quantifying the economic value of crop production (EVCP), the economic value of insect pollination (EVIP), and agricultural vulnerability to pollinator loss across all French departments. We analyzed data from 2022 for 34 major crops, of which 26 are pollinator-dependent, applying the dependence ratio method to estimate pollination contributions. We also developed a generalized additive model (GAM) to identify the main drivers of spatial variation in EVIP per hectare. We estimate France's economic value of crop production at 34, 8 billion € and economic value of insect pollination at 4, 2 billion €, with an agricultural vulnerability rate of 12 %. The highest economic value of insect pollination per hectare was recorded in Loire-Atlantique (19302, 5 €/ha) and the lowest in Seine-Saint-Denis (575, 5 €/ha). By analyzing crop-specific dependencies and regional production patterns, the study reveals that southern and western France, particularly departments specialized in fruit and vegetables, are most economically dependent and vulnerable to pollinator decline. The GAM explained 97.6 % of the variability in EVIP per hectare, revealing that fruit and vegetable cultivation strongly drives pollination value. The results highlight spatial disparities in pollination dependency and underscore the need for territorially targeted conservation strategies. Compared to previous studies, our findings suggest a significant underestimation of pollination value, highlighting the need for fine-scale entomological research and territorially targeted conservation strategies to support sustainable agricultural development. However, the study has some limitations: certain crop prices had to be approximated, dependence ratios were fixed and do not account for local ecological conditions, and some minor crops were excluded. Despite these constraints, the results remain robust and provide a reliable basis for territorialized conservation policies. |
| Keywords: | Pollinators, Economic value, Vulnerability ratio, Dependence ratio method, Agriculture, Policy |
| Date: | 2025–09–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05301963 |
| By: | Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Garcia-gutierrez Pelayo; Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "- Climate Change Mitigation: Circular Economy strategies in the plastics sector can annually save 75-84 Mt CO₂ eq. emissions by 2050, compared to relying solely on decarbonisation strategies- Reduced Resource Dependency: The EU’s fossil resource use is reduced by 3.3%, equivalent to 930 PJ or 23 Mt oil eq.- Lower Energy Demand: Alongside the use of fossil energy carriers, the electricity demand in the EU plastics industry decreases by 34%- Higher Economic Security: The EU’s trade balance can be boosted by EUR 18 billion due to a decrease in imports." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143443 |
| By: | Felix Kubler (University of Zurich); Simon Scheidegger (University of Lausanne - School of Economics and Business Administration (HEC-Lausanne); London School of Economics, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment); Oliver Surbek (University of Lausanne - Department of Economics (DEEP)) |
| Abstract: | We develop a computational framework for deriving Pareto-improving and constrained optimal carbon tax rules in a stochastic overlapping generations (OLG) model with climate change. By integrating Deep Equilibrium Networks for fast policy evaluation and Gaussian process surrogate modeling with Bayesian active learning, the framework systematically locates optimal carbon tax schedules for heterogeneous agents exposed to climate risk. We apply our method to a 12-period OLG model in which exogenous shocks affect the carbon intensity of energy production, as well as the damage function. Constrained optimal carbon taxes consist of tax rates that are simple functions of observables and revenue-sharing rules that guarantee that the introduction of the taxes is Pareto improving. This reveals that a straightforward policy is highly effective: a Pareto-improving linear tax on cumulative emissions alone yields a 0.42% aggregate welfare gain in consumption-equivalent terms while adding further complexity to the tax provides only a marginal increase to 0.45%. The application demonstrates that the proposed approach produces scalable tools for macro-policy design in complex stochastic settings. Beyond climate economics, the framework offers a template for systematically analyzing welfare-improving policies in various heterogeneous-agent problems. |
| Keywords: | Climate Policy, Optimal Policy, Ramsey Taxation, Pareto Frontier, Deep Learning, Gaussian Processes |
| JEL: | C61 C63 D58 H23 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2582 |
| By: | Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Donati Franco; Christis Maarten; Baldassarre Brian; Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "- Climate Change Mitigation: By 2050, Circular Economy strategies can save 12-14 Mt CO2-eq. emissions annually in the aluminium sector, compared to relying solely on decarbonisation strategies- Reduced Resource Dependency: They can reduce the direct input of bauxite for the EU aluminium industry by 27%- Lower Energy Demand: These strategies can also decrease the EU aluminium industry’s demand for fossil energy carriers by 9% and electricity by 22%- Higher Economic Security: The EU’s trade balance can be improved by EUR 3.6 billion through reduced imports" |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143441 |
| By: | Hugo Morão |
| Abstract: | Thisstudyexaminesthemacroeconomicimpactofpolicyuncertaintyinclimatedecisionmaking. It employs data mining to 23 Portuguese news sources to construct a novel monthly Climate Policy Uncertainty (CPU) series, which is then used in a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model to analysis its macroeconomic effects. These responses collectively reveal significant economic restructuring in response to climate policy uncertainty. The combination of reduced industrial production and increased unemployment suggests substantial supply-side adjustment costs during the transition. However, the positive stock market response indicates that financial markets view these changes as ultimately beneficial for certain sectors, particularly those aligned with environmental sustainability. |
| Keywords: | Climate policy; Textual analysis; Policy uncertainty; Portugal; SVAR. |
| JEL: | C32 E32 E61 F18 G18 Q54 L66 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ise:remwps:wp03942025 |
| By: | Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Eder Peter (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "In a changing political landscape, the implementation of Circular Economy (CE) strategies presents significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, decreasing fossil fuel use, and altering trade dynamics. CE strategies related to material reduction, reuse and recovery complement industrial decarbonisation measures and have the potential to double GHG savings by 2050. Through a multi-method analysis, this study shows that an ambitious CE scenario can yield substantial annual GHG savings across selected energy-intensive sectors, with annual emission reductions of 64-81 Mt CO2-eq. in steel, 12-14 Mt CO2-eq. in aluminium, 38-52 Mt CO2-eq. in cement and concrete, and 75-84 Mt CO2-eq. in plastics by 2050. Moreover, the implemented CE strategies mainly decrease EU imports, reducing trade dependency and increasing the trade balance by over EUR 30 billion compared to the decarbonised baseline. The study underscores the importance of creating conducive framework conditions to support CE integration in hard-to-abate industries in the form of a policy mix. Policy recommendations include promoting recycling technologies to improve recyclate quality, reducing material input through more efficient design, and mandating Green Public Procurement to create market demand for more circular material use. These strategies align with EU goals to enhance sustainability and competitiveness, while mitigating macroeconomic risks from global dependencies." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc142938 |
| By: | Wagner Aymara; Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Rostek Leon; Keramidas Kimon (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Christis Maarten; Fonteyn Pieter; Petsinaris Foivos; Zibell Laurent; Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "- Climate Change Mitigation: By 2050, implementing Circular Economy strategies can save 64-81 Mt CO2-eq. emissions annually in the steel sector, compared to relying solely on decarbonisation strategies- Reduced Resource Dependency: These strategies can reduce the direct input of metal ore for the EU steel industry by 27% - Lower Energy Demand: They can significantly decrease the EU steel industry’s demand for fossil energy carriers by 28% and electricity by 36%- Higher Economic Security: The EU’s trade balance can be boosted by EUR 7 billion through reduced imports" |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143444 |
| By: | Giulia Montresor; Catia Nicodemo; Cristina Bellés Obrero |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates the causal effects of extreme temperatures and a related adaptation policy on workplace accidents in Spain, combining administrative records on occupational accidents with high-resolution weather data. Both cold and heat raise the incidence of work accidents, though with different magnitudes: ice days (maximum temperatures |
| Keywords: | adaptation policy, climate change, temperature, work place accidents |
| JEL: | I1 J28 J81 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bge:wpaper:1519 |
| By: | Walker Anna (European Commission - JRC); Albizzati Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); Milios Leonidas (European Commission - JRC); Pinero Mira Pablo (European Commission - JRC); Christis Maarten; Besler Malte; Pedauga Luis (European Commission - JRC); Tonini Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "- Climate Change Mitigation: Circular Economy strategies in the cement and concrete sector can save 38-52 Mt CO₂-eq. emissions annually by 2050, compared to relying solely on decarbonisation strategies- Efficient material use: Over 75% of this reduction potential stems from using less materials, more efficiently- Lower Energy Demand: The EU cement and concrete sector can reduce demand for fossil energy carriers (-23%), biomass for energy (-41%) and electricity (-37%)- Higher Economic Security: The EU trade balance can increase by EUR 6.1 billion due to a decrease in imports, thus strengthening economic security" |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143440 |
| By: | Christian Keuschnigg (University of St. Gallen – Department of Economics (FGN-HSG); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute); Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); Swiss Finance Institute); Giedrius Kazimieras Stalenis (University of St. Gallen) |
| Abstract: | We study a small open economy that must implement an emissions reduction plan and eventually phase out fossil fuel. R&D leads to the design of energy saving new machines. Endogenous scrapping eliminates old inefficient machines. We identify two distortions that delay the adoption and diffusion of energy saving technology: scrapping of old equipment and investment in new machines are both too low. The optimal policy to manage the energy transition thus combines a carbon tax with a profit tax to speed up exit, and an investment subsidy to speed up investment in new equipment. The optimal policy increases capital turnover, the diffusion of energy saving technology, and thereby mitigates the costs of the energy transition. Compared to a policy that exclusively relies on carbon taxes, the optimal policy could reduce the GDP loss of moving to net zero from 7.8 to 6.1% of GDP. |
| Keywords: | Energy saving innovation, vintage capital, emissions reduction |
| JEL: | D21 D62 H23 O33 Q41 Q43 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2583 |
| By: | Flörchinger, Daniela; Perino, Grischa; Frondel, Manuel; Jarke, Johannes Stephan |
| Abstract: | Decommissioning of coal-fired power plants is a widely known emission abatement option, but one with a limited effect due to the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS). In contrast, tightening the cap in the EU ETS is a highly effective, but less known mitigation option. This article empirically analyzes whether informing individuals about the effectiveness of these abatement options increases support for more effective climate policies. The analysis is based on an online survey experiment involving actual cancellation of emission allowances and curbing the output of a coal-fired power plant. We find that preferences over abatement options are driven by their perceived effectiveness. Moreover, we provide causal evidence that voters update their preference rankings when exposed to relevant information. |
| Abstract: | Die Stilllegung von Kohlekraftwerken ist eine weithin bekannte Option zur Emissionsminderung, deren Wirkung jedoch aufgrund des EU-Emissionshandelssystems (EU-EHS) begrenzt ist. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die Verschärfung der Obergrenze im EU-EHS eine hochwirksame, aber weniger bekannte Minderungsoption. In diesem Artikel wird empirisch analysiert, ob die Aufklärung der Bevölkerung über die Wirksamkeit dieser Minderungsoptionen die Unterstützung für wirksamere Klimaschutzmaßnahmen erhöht. Die Analyse basiert auf einem Online-Umfrageexperiment, bei dem Emissionszertifikate tatsächlich gestrichen und die Leistung eines Kohlekraftwerks gedrosselt wurden. Wir stellen fest, dass die Präferenzen hinsichtlich der Emissionsminderungsmaßnahmen von ihrer wahrgenommenen Wirksamkeit abhängen. Darüber hinaus liefern wir kausale Belege dafür, dass Wähler ihre Präferenzrangfolge aktualisieren, wenn sie relevante Informationen erhalten. |
| Keywords: | coal phase-out, information provision, motivated reasoning, policy mix |
| JEL: | C93 D02 D83 D91 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:328240 |
| By: | Nelson, David (The Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford); Kinczyk, Ada; Villanueva, Carlos Perez |
| Abstract: | Investors in energy infrastructure during these times of a rapid energy transition face two types of uncertainty. The first is whether a slower than required pace of transition will affect markets in ways that undermine investment cases. These risks can be identified and managed by understanding how the infrastructure, its cost, prices, revenues, and market size, might fit within the existing landscape. A more difficult and speculative risk has surrounded the question of whether an investment case might be undermined if the transition goals are met, but the transition path and direction differ substantially from original expectations. This paper uses scenario analysis of a wide range of different plausible, but less likely, transition paths to develop a fact base on which to assess these transition path risks. The 8 scenarios cover transitions where technology breakthroughs and policy accelerate the development of alternatives including nuclear power, carbon capture and sequestration, hydrogen, distributed renewable energy, and energy efficiency to levels at the edge of what forecasters deem as plausible. Two of the scenarios also look at the impact of accelerated development of renewable energy and hydrogen on a global scale, with opportunities to import technology and energy into Europe, where the economics of imports of electricity or hydrogen make sense. For each of these scenarios, we have developed forecasts of demand, prices, costs, utilization rates, price volatility, and investment, for the relevant energy markets and their technologies. |
| Keywords: | energy pathways, policy risk, risk management, scenarios, uncertainty |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:amz:wpaper:2025-19 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Ebun Akinsete (ICRE8); Angelos Alamanos; Roy Brouwer; Sofia Frantzi; Conrad Landis; Lydia Papadaki; Hezal Sari; Theofanis Zacharatos |
| Abstract: | Water-system stress challenges driven by aridification, rapid urbanization and tourism peaks, irrigation-intensive agriculture, pollution, fiscal underinvestment and entrenched social inequities, need integrated and adaptive policy responses. We present the Global Climate Hub's interdisciplinary approach along with an application framework that was developed under the ERC-funded Water Futures project, aiming to tackle such challenges: We couple cross-sectoral modelling (physical and natural systems, water-energy systems, and economics), digital-twin forecasting and real-time monitoring, with experimental-economics, behavioural-economics and Living Labs to allow stakeholders' feedbacks and solutions' co-design. Through regulated sandboxes and randomized trials, the project tests pricing reforms, behavioural nudges and technological pilots (IoT/AI leak detection, decentralized treatment, nature-based solutions), producing robust socio-economic narratives and distributional metrics to inform investment choices. Preliminary policy guidance urges an iterative evidence loop of modelling-valuation- Living Lab validation and solution co-design, supported by open data, towards equitable tariff design, targeted subsidies, matched innovation financing and capacity building to scale proven solutions. The proposed approach translates diverse theories into operational pathways for resilient, efficient and socially just urban drinking-water systems, offering a replicable blueprint for regions facing water scarcity. |
| Keywords: | Water Resources Management, Socio-technical transformations, Behavioural Economics, Living Labs, Global Climate Hub |
| Date: | 2025–10–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2558 |
| By: | Maguette Sembene (Virginia Tech Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics); Bradford Mills (Virginia Tech Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics); Anubhab Gupta (Virginia Tech Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics) |
| Abstract: | Historical data show a rising trend in extreme heat in the past four decades in the Groundnut Basin of Senegal. We evaluate the economic costs of extreme heat on groundnut production in the region. Using temperature data from the ERA5 global climate reanalysis, we define extreme heat degree days (EHDDs) as the cumulative number of degree days above 35 °C during the groundnut growing season and estimate its effect on quasi-profits and yields at the person, household, and field levels utilizing a two-year panel data of 1, 123 households. Our econometric estimations show that an additional EHDD reduces quasi-profits by 5, 460 FCFA per hectare and significantly lowers yield by 2.5%. Further, rainfall interactions with EHDD generate compounding losses under high heat and rainfall. The findings highlight important and often unseen effects of increasing temperatures on agricultural practices in climate-vulnerable areas such as the Groundnut Basin and underscore the need for adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with the impacts of climate change. |
| Keywords: | Extreme heat, Groundnut, Economic costs, The Groundnut Basin, Senegal |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vpi:aaecpp:aaecpp2025-02 |
| By: | Carmen Aina (Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy; GLO, Global Labor Organization, Essen, Germany.); Lavinia Parisi (Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Salerno, Italy; CELPE, Centre for Labor Political Economics, University of Salerno, Italy); Matteo Picchio (Department of Economics and Social Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the impact of temperature on gender-based violence (GBV) in Italy, focusing on femicides and calls to the 1522 helpline, a public service for victims of GBV and stalking. Both femicides and helpline calls increase significantly with warmer temperatures, particularly during elevated nighttime temperatures, suggesting that extreme heat may contribute to GBV by disrupting sleep or influencing social interactions. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, we consider key contextual factors at the provincial level. We find that environmental, social, and institutional factors interact in shaping the response of GBV to heat. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, temperatures, gender-based violence, domestic abuse. |
| JEL: | J12 J16 Q51 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anc:wpaper:499 |
| By: | Frank Milne (Queen's University) |
| Abstract: | For the past 20 years, Australia has introduced policies encouraging and subsidizing renewable electricity generation. Since the election of the Australian Labor Party government in 2022, these policies have been accelerated. We show that international evidence of the heavy cost of renewable energy projects has been ignored. Cost-benefit studies show that these projects cannot be justified with any reasonable price for carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the Australian economy has suffered greatly increased prices for electricity provided by the grid. In turn, this has increased the rate of deindustrialization in key industries, contributed to a cost-of-living crisis for consumers and made the country more strategically vulnerable. |
| Keywords: | Renewable Energy, Cost-Benefit, Net Zero |
| JEL: | Q2 Q3 Q4 H54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:wpaper:1540 |
| By: | Solomon Hsiang |
| Abstract: | Empirical research has revolutionized how we understand the global economic impacts of climate change. Recent empirical analyses have tested theoretical ideas, challenged prior estimates, and revealed important and unexpected impacts. Further, the credibility and replicability of empirical results have played a critical role in guiding high-stakes climate policies. Here, I describe the landscape of empirical economic research on global impacts, I explain elements of modern analyses, I summarize recent findings on a range of topics, and I point towards promising new areas of investigation. In particular, I focus on empirical perspectives for six “grand challenges” in the field: understanding climate change’s global impact on economic output, health, conflict, food security, disasters, and migration. Overall, I argue that interwoven empirical findings across outcomes are aligning to paint an increasingly coherent picture of a future global economy impacted by climate change. Taking the literature as a whole, the global consequences of unmitigated climate change are likely to be substantial, unequal, negative in net economic value and potentially destabilizing. |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34357 |
| By: | Moretti Elia; Loreau Michel; Benzaquen Michael |
| Abstract: | Feeding a larger and wealthier global population without transgressing ecological limits is increasingly challenging, as rising food demand (especially for animal products) intensifies pressure on ecosystems, accelerates deforestation, and erodes biodiversity and soil health. We develop a stylized, spatially explicit global model that links exogenous food-demand trajectories to crop and livestock production, land conversion, and feedbacks from ecosystem integrity that, in turn, shape future yields and land needs. Calibrated to post-1960 trends in population, income, yields, input use, and land use, the model reproduces the joint rise of crop and meat demand and the associated expansion and intensification of agriculture. We use it to compare business-as-usual, supply-side, demand-side, and mixed-policy scenarios. Three results stand out. First, productivity-oriented supply-side measures (e.g. reduced chemical inputs, organic conversion, lower livestock density) often trigger compensatory land expansion that undermines ecological gains-so that supply-side action alone cannot halt deforestation or widespread degradation. Second, demand-side change, particularly reduced meat consumption, consistently relieves both intensification and expansion pressures; in our simulations, only substantial demand reductions (on the order of 40% of projected excess demand by 2100) deliver simultaneous increases in forest area and declines in degraded land. Third, integrated policy portfolios that jointly constrain land conversion, temper input intensification, and curb demand outperform any single lever. Together, these findings clarify the system-level trade-offs that frustrate piecemeal interventions and identify the policy combinations most likely to keep global food provision within ecological limits. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.14720 |
| By: | Kumar, Naveen |
| Abstract: | The growing interest in assessing societal progress and public policies through the lens of Well-being has garnered significant attention from researchers and policymakers. This study examines the relationship between well-being and global warming across 167 countries from 1990 to 2019, employing the Social Progress Index (SPI) as a measure of well-being. Using a fixed-effects panel data framework, we study temperature impacts by modeling local and global anomalies simultaneously, capturing both within-country and global climate variation. First, a statistically significant negative relationship exists between annual temperature anomalies and well-being, with a 1°C global(local) mean temperature deviation leading to a 0.8324(0.096)-point decline, respectively. Second, precipitation anomalies show no significant effect on the SPI. Third, winter temperature anomalies and cold spells have a greater impact on well-being than other seasons or hot spells. Fourth, poorer regions, hotter climates, the global south, and countries with weak institutions are disproportionately affected by temperature deviations. Fifth, the impact of temperature on well-being persists over the medium term, lasting about four years |
| Date: | 2025–10–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:j5kyc_v1 |
| By: | Abuzayed, A. |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the future market values of photovoltaics and wind energy in Germany to assess their economic profitability without financial interventions. Using an open-source optimization model benchmarked against 2019–2024 data, we model the wholesale electricity market under the official expansion scenarios with projected carbon and gas price trajectories. Results show that despite higher wholesale electricity prices compared to pre-crisis levels, low capture prices, particularly for photovoltaics, may deter its future profitability. Contrary to that, onshore wind achieves higher capture prices, suggesting greater potential for self-financing under higher carbon and gas prices. However, market dynamics still pose risks, including price cannibalization and infra-marginal effects during generation oversupply periods. Policy interventions, including market design reforms and long-term instruments are critical to ensure stable revenues and align market conditions with renewable energy expansion goals. |
| Keywords: | Market Value of Renewables, Subsidy-Free Electricity Markets, Renewable Energy Policy, Energy-Only Markets, Electricity Market Design |
| JEL: | Q41 D47 Q42 H23 Q47 |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:2558 |
| By: | Moritz Lubczyk; Maria Waldinger |
| Abstract: | What are the long-run effects of sustained exposure to air pollution? A unique natural experiment allows us to examine this question. In 1982, a sudden cut in Soviet oil forced Socialist East Germany to switch to highly polluting lignite coal. While the shock sharply increased air pollution near mining regions, authoritarian restrictions on mobility, housing, and jobs prevented sorting responses. We document persistent labor market impacts over three decades. Exposed individuals work less, earn lower wages, and retire earlier. Health is a key mechanism: infant mortality rises by 9\% and the long-run incidence of asthma and cardiopathy increases significantly. |
| Keywords: | air pollution, labour supply |
| JEL: | I15 J24 J60 N54 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12197 |
| By: | Beatrice Bertelli (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia); Marianna Brunetti (CEIS & DEF, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", GLO and Cefin); Costanza Torricelli (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, CEFIN and CeRP); Mariangela Zoli (CEIS & DEF, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" and SEEDS) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates three underexplored aspects of sustainable household finance: (1) whether the determinants of knowledge, interest, and allocation in sustainable assets overlap; (2) what drives interest in specific dimensions among Environmental, Social, and/or Governance; and (3) the factors influencing the preference for direct versus delegated sustainable investments. Using original data from an in-field survey carried out in Italy, we find that knowledge, interest and allocation are shaped by distinct factors, with gender emerging as a common but divergent determinant. whereby men are more likely to know about sustainable assets, yet less likely to be interested in and to invest significant resources in these assets. Interest in specific ESG dimensions is also heterogeneous: younger, more educated, and climate-concerned individuals are more inclined toward multidimensional sustainable assets, whereas male respondents are consistently less interested in the Social factor. Finally, preferences for delegation are unrelated to sociodemographic traits while strongly related to longer investment horizon and interest in ESG mix, suggesting that the multidimensionality of sustainable assets might increase the perceived complexity of these assets, fostering reliance on professional management. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable finance; household financial choices; in-field survey; gender; direct vs delegated investment |
| JEL: | D14 G11 Q59 |
| Date: | 2025–10–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:612 |
| By: | Yara Mohajerani |
| Abstract: | Climate risk assessment requires modelling complex interactions between spatially heterogeneous hazards and adaptive economic systems. We present a novel geospatial agent-based model that integrates climate hazard data with evolutionary learning for economic agents. Our framework combines Mesa-based spatial modelling with CLIMADA climate impact assessment, introducing adaptive learning behaviours that allow firms to evolve strategies for budget allocation, pricing, wages, and risk adaptation through fitness-based selection and mutation. We demonstrate the framework using riverine flood projections under RCP8.5 until 2100, showing that evolutionary adaptation enables firms to converge with baseline (no hazard) production levels after decades of disruption due to climate stress. Our results reveal systemic risks where even agents that are not directly exposed to floods face impacts through supply chain disruptions, with the end-of-century average price of goods 5.6% higher under RCP8.5 compared to the baseline. This open-source framework provides financial institutions and companies with tools to quantify both direct and cascading climate risks while evaluating cost-effective adaptation strategies. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.18633 |
| By: | Maurine Mamès (UMR IATE - Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Mechthild Donner (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Hugo de Vries (UMR IATE - Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | Partnerships have their own vision of sustainability, from formal broad concepts such as bioeconomy or blue economy to grounded-specific objectives. As highlighted in numerous studies, managing diverse visions towards a common goal can be challenging. This article seeks to explore the factors influencing sustainable value co-creation through a novel lens: the intermediaries operating at the partnership level. These intermediaries are potential key players in the success of partnerships focused on sustainable food and bioeconomy systems in Europe. To identify their roles and positions, three in-depth case studies were conducted on partnerships (Pôle Mer Mediterranée, Foodwest, and BIOEAST) operating at regional, national and cross-countries scales. The findings contribute to the existing literature by clarifying the role of intermediaries in sustainable value co-creation processes and by classifying the positioning of intermediaries within partnerships. Here, we have described intermediaries as the actors within a partnership who facilitate interactions between partners and/or partners' connections with the outside. Two different types of intermediaries emerged (i) a part-time facilitating group of intermediaries loosely bound together and (ii) a full-time management team of intermediaries coherently intervening. The study demonstrates that both categories have a major influence in shaping the sustainable co-creation process even though they employ different approaches using a unique mix of tools: animation, communication (internal), promotion of the partnership (outside) and coordination. These are further influenced by factors such as the level of formality or informality in communication between intermediaries and partners as well as their specific geographic and thematic contexts. |
| Keywords: | Bioeconomy, Food systems, Sustainability, Intermediaries, Co-creation, Partnerships |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05285111 |
| By: | Camille Jahel (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Amandine Adamczewski (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Jeremy Bourgoin (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Guillaume Lestrelin (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Ronan Mugele (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); René Poccard Chapuis (UMR SELMET - Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Fatma Zahra Rostom (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry); Tiago Teixeira da Silva Siqueira (UMR SELMET - Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Elodie Valette (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry) |
| Keywords: | changement climatique |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293553 |
| By: | Marie Walser (Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Carine Barbier (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris); Nicolas Bricas (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Patrice Dumas (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293555 |
| By: | Safaa Adil (ESSCA Research Lab - ESSCA - ESSCA – École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers = ESSCA Business School); Gilles Grolleau (ESSCA - ESSCA – École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers = ESSCA Business School); Naoufel Mzoughi (ECODEVELOPPEMENT - Ecodéveloppement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Some companies use deceptive tactics to persuade people that a particular position or recommendation has widespread support and originates from grassroots movements-a phenomenon referred to as astroturfing. We demonstrate that astroturfing exploits basic human heuristics to advance the sponsor's interests, often undermining genuine efforts to address environmental challenges. Moreover, we examine the moral seriousness of green astroturfing in a business-related context and test experimentally whether individuals perceive it differently when it originates directly from the company vs. through an intermediary. We find that moral judgment and recommended punishment for green astroturfing are significantly higher when the company outsources it. |
| Keywords: | punishment, public opinion, moral judgment, green astroturfing |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05298833 |
| By: | Jean-Michel Sourisseau (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry); Jean-François Le Coq (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry) |
| Abstract: | Si les enjeux du changement climatique pour l'agriculture sont relativement connus, peu de travaux analysent en profondeur ou de manière systématique l'importance et les implications des formes et des structures de production — depuis les agricultures familiales jusqu'aux firmes capitalistiques — sur les liens entre agriculture et climat. En particulier, on sait peu de choses sur : – les impacts du changement climatique sur les exploitations agricoles familiales (EAF), alors même que celles-ci représentent la catégorie humaine la plus vulnérable face à celui-ci ; – le potentiel des EAF à s'adapter au changement climatique, comparativement aux firmes industrielles ; – les leviers pour que ces millions d'EAF puissent atténuer le changement climatique. Dans ce chapitre, nous proposons d'ébaucher une réflexion sur une possible lecture des enjeux climatiques agricoles au prisme de l'agriculture familiale (AF), en nous focalisant sur l'adaptation de cette agriculture, tant à des phénomènes climatiques extrêmes qu'à des changements structurels. Nous nous reposons sur une revue — non exhaustive — de matériaux bibliographiques puisés dans la littérature académique, parmi lesquels des travaux conduits par le Cirad dans différentes régions des Suds. Il s'agit surtout de donner des pistes de réflexion et quelques recommandations pour mieux appréhender les liens entre l'agriculture familiale et l'adaptation au changement climatique. Nous proposons d'aborder ces liens à travers l'agroécologie familiale. Nous justifions dans un premier temps notre démarche. Puis, nous analysons le potentiel de l'agriculture familiale à s'adapter au changement climatique sous l'angle des éléments de définition de l'agroécologie. Nous formulons également des hypothèses sur le potentiel des EAF, par rapport aux autres formes d'organisation de la production, à s'adapter au changement climatique par le développement de pratiques agroécologiques. Nous concluons sur des leviers nécessaires et possibles (notamment en matière de politiques) pour créer les conditions de l'expression de ce potentiel. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293546 |
| By: | Marie Bruguet (LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEC - Chaire Economie du Climat - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres); Arthur Thomas (LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEC - Chaire Economie du Climat - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres); Ronan Le Saout (ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - GENES - Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique) |
| Abstract: | This paper addresses the challenge of adjusting energy consumption data for weather variations by introducing a novel General Weather Indicator (GWI). The GWI combines multiple weather variables, including temperature, wind, sunlight, rain, and cloudiness, using a novel econometric approach that applies K-means for threshold identification and LASSO for variable selection. Through an empirical analysis of sectoral electricity and natural gas consumption in France, we demonstrate that the GWI outperforms the standard HDD approach by addressing three main concerns: the lack of statistical criteria for defining the base temperature, the reliance solely on temperature as the weather variable, and the assumption of a constant base temperature over time and space. Based on these results, we propose an analysis of the sectoral functional form and an estimation of weather elasticities for energy demand in France at both the monthly and daily levels. |
| Keywords: | seasonal adjustment, weather, heating degree days, K-means clustering, penalization, sectoral energy consumption |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05288088 |
| By: | Eala, Samantha Julia Legaspi; Patrick, Rebecca; Capeding, Theo Prudencio Juhani; Vaughan, Cathy |
| Abstract: | As climate change exacerbates socioeconomic vulnerabilities, women, often carers, emerge as "invisible safety nets" sustaining family and community resilience. Set in a coastal town in Batangas, Philippines, the study explores how carers experience and navigate unpaid care work amid climate adaptation. Guided by feminist participatory action research, the study used photovoice, where 13 participants documented their experiences through photography and writing, then collaboratively interpreted their stories. For Filipino caregivers, climate change intensifies unpaid care work. Climate-related disruptions fracture their sense of wholeness, adding layers of grief and uncertainty to their responsibilities. They take on multifaceted roles across their family, community, and environments, as educators, providers, stewards, and leaders. In navigating intensifying care demands, they rely on community solidarity and spirituality, which serve as vital sources of strength, purpose, and hope in their collective efforts to adapt to climate change. By recognising unpaid care work in climate adaptation and providing carers with a platform to voice their lived experiences, the study hopes to advocate for climate change policies and programs that respond to unpaid care dynamics, reward women’s contribution, reduce unpaid care work, and advocate for redistribution of and male involvement in care work within families and communities. |
| Date: | 2025–10–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:8gq43_v1 |
| By: | Luis van Sandbergen |
| Abstract: | The provision of renewable electricity is the foundation for a sustainable future. To achieve the goal of sustainable renewable energy, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) could play a key role to counteract the intermittency of solar and wind generation power. In order to aid the system, the BESS can simply charge at low wholesale prices and discharge during high prices, which is also called energy arbitrage. However, the real-time execution of energy arbitrage is not straightforward for many companies due to the fundamentally different behavior of storages compared to conventional power plants. In this work, the optimized operation of standalone BESS in the cross-market energy arbitrage business is addressed by describing a generic framework for trading integrated BESS operation, the development of a suitable backtest engine and a specific optimization-based strategy formulation for cross-market optimized BESS operation. In addition, this strategy is tested in a case study with a sensitivity analysis to investigate the influence of forecast uncertainty. The results show that the proposed strategy allows an increment in revenues by taking advantage of the increasing market volatility. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis shows the robustness of the proposed strategy, as only a moderate portion of revenues will be lost if real forecasts are adopted. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.21337 |
| By: | Pontikakis Dimitrios (European Commission - JRC); Papachristos Georgios (European Commission - JRC); Janssen Matthijs; Norlen Hedvig; Miedzinski Michal (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | "In times of radical socio-technical change, system-level or transformative innovation (hereafter simply system innovation) is necessary in order to achieve, or maintain, economic prosperity, in ways compatible with environmental sustainability and a cohesive society. There is growing policy interest and experimentation with transformative innovation policies, which seek to address pressing societal challenges, including global ones, such as climate change, and domestic ones, such as successful industrial transitions. Existing tools for measuring, modelling and evaluating innovation policy inputs and outcomes are unable to capture crucial features of transformative innovation policy, including synergies, tipping points, multi-level interactions, sequencing and rebound effects. This report documents an exploratory, one-year research project to build the knowledge base and assess the feasibility of a system dynamics model of system innovation. The project centred around the development of a proof-of-concept version of POLYTRoPOS (a POLYvalent model for the evaluation of TRansformative POlicy Scenarios), a system dynamics model focused on the interactions between technology deployment and productive capability accumulation. The prototype, in this early form, cannot yet provide policy guidance, but is meant to illustrate key concepts, demonstrate policy relevance and generate lessons for the later development of a more fully-featured model.Large heterogeneity in the framings of system-level innovation relevant to each production sector, and uncertainty about their future transition paths have been important stumbling blocks to aggregate measurement and evaluation that is internationally comparable. The project sought to reconceptualise system innovation processes in general ways that are more receptive of aggregate and internationally comparable measurement, in order to model them quantitatively. To do so it was necessary to contain the analytical boundary of the model in processes which combine high policy interest, for which economics and social science theory offer adequate guidance, and which exhibit sufficient statistical regularity to permit meaningful modelling. The report contains an overview of background literature providing a theoretical basis for the construction of the model (section 2); the rationale for the choice of the case study, namely the current episode of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) deployment-capability accumulation as it is unfolding in the EU, and some key definitions (sections 3.1 and 3.2); global and European metrics of the RES transition in the EU from internationally comparable statistics (section 3.3); develops the overall structure and boundaries of the model and the substantive and policy stakes of case study of RES (sections 4.1 and 4.2); showcases a computer simulation model, partially calibrated on empirical data on RES deployment and production capability accumulation for the EU27. This stylised system dynamics model has been expressed in Causal Loop and Stock and Flow diagrams. We have documented our calibration data and parameters (sections 4.3-4.5) and provided some illustrative simulations of relevance to current policy debates (section 4.6). Lessons from the exploratory project can inform the future development of policy measurement and evaluation tools in the JRC, including a more fully-fledged and versatile version of the POLYTRoPOS model." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143019 |
| By: | Francisco González (Universidad de Oviedo); Md Rajib Kamal (NTNU Business School, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology); Steven Ongena (University of Zurich - Department Finance; Swiss Finance Institute; KU Leuven; NTNU Business School; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)); Shams Pathan (University of Newcastle - Newcastle University Business School) |
| Abstract: | We examine how climate transition risks affect bank liquidity creation using the 2004 U.S. NOx Budget Trading Program (NBP)—a cap and-trade regulation affecting 11 states—as a quasi-natural experiment. Banks in NBP-affected states curtailed liquidity creation, primarily through balance sheet adjustments: reduced lending and risky asset holdings, and increased off-balance sheet exposures. Beyond this mechanism, banks adopted strategic responses to earnings pressure, including slower net interest income growth, greater noninterest income, and expanded derivative use. The effect is stronger for large, riskprone, profitable, and diversified banks, as well those in competitive markets and Democratic-leaning states. Governance matters: banks with higher common ownership are more resilient, while both shortand long-term investor horizons are associated with reduced liquidity creation—especially under shortterm ownership. Results are robust to matching, placebo tests, spillover adjustments, and event-study designs. Overall, climate regulation reshapes bank intermediation through portfolio rebalancing and strategic adaptation, with critical implications for financial stability and climate policy. |
| Keywords: | Climate transition risk, Bank liquidity creation, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Budget Trading Program (NBP), Climate regulation, Ownership structure, Bank competition |
| JEL: | G21 G28 G32 G38 Q58 L51 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2575 |
| By: | Ahmed S. Alahmed; Audun Botterud; Saurabh Amin; Ali T. Al-Awami |
| Abstract: | We develop a mathematical framework to jointly schedule water and electricity in a profit-maximizing renewable colocated water desalination plant that integrates both thermal and membrane based technologies. The price-taking desalination plant sells desalinated water to a water utility at a given price and engages in bidirectional electricity transactions with the grid, purchasing or selling power based on its net electricity demand. We show that the optimal scheduling policy depends on the plant's internal renewable generation and follows a simple threshold structure. Under the optimal policy, thermal based water output decreases monotonically with renewable output, while membrane based water output increases monotonically. We characterize the structure and intuition behind the threshold policy and examine key special properties. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.19243 |
| By: | Xiangzhe Xu; Ran Wu |
| Abstract: | Government trust, as a core concept in political economy and public policy research, serves as a fundamental cornerstone of democratic legitimacy and state capacity. This paper examines how environmental conditions, particularly sunlight efficiency, influence reported government trust through both affective and cognitive mechanisms. Leveraging World Values Survey Wave 7 data merged with NASA POWER high-frequency weather data, we propose and validate a novel ``salience and attribution'' mechanism: clearer skies may paradoxically reduce government trust by heightening environmental awareness and triggering negative attributions. We further identify potential mediating pathways, including subjective well-being, political interest, political discussion, and health perception, and demonstrate that environmental conditions introduce measurement error in survey-based trust indicators. Our findings provide theoretical contributions to environmental psychology, behavioral political economy, and survey methodology, and yield practical implications for governance, policy design, and survey |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.23554 |
| By: | Morteza Alaeddini (AUT - Amirkabir University of Technology, UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, ICN Business School, CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine); Sabrine Mallek (ICN Business School, CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine); Sarah Hönigsberg (ICN Business School, CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine) |
| Abstract: | Despite the recognized potential of AI in promoting CE within I5.0, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding a comprehensive analysis of current research trends and thematic developments at this intersection (Payer et al., 2024). Existing studies often focus on isolated applications of AI in CE or discuss I4.0/5.0 principles without delving into the synergistic effects of their integration. This fragmentation underscores the need for a holistic examination to identify dominant themes, emerging topics, and critical gaps in the research landscape (e.g., Tutore et al. ( 2024)).To address this gap, our study investigates the following research questions: a) What are the dominant research themes at the intersection of AI, CE, and I5.0? b) What emerging topics are gaining traction in this multidisciplinary field? c) What critical gaps exist in the current literature, and how can future research address them?The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI), the circular economy (CE), and Industry 5.0 (I5.0) represents a pivotal shift toward sustainable and human-centric industrial practices. AI's capabilities in data analytics and predictive modeling are instrumental in optimizing resource utilization, minimizing waste, and enhancing supply chain resilience, thereby advancing CE objectives (Akinode and Oloruntoba, 2020). Within the I5.0 framework, which emphasizes humancentricity, sustainability, and resilience (Leng et al., 2022), AI facilitates the integration of intelligent systems with human creativity, fostering innovative solutions to complex environmental challenges (Platon et al., 2024).Employing advanced text mining and natural language processing techniques, we analyze the titles, keywords, and abstracts of 422 scholarly articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Our findings reveal key applications of AI that enhance CE practices within the I5.0 paradigm, including supply chain resilience, waste management, and sustainable manufacturing. Notably, the analysis highlights the growing importance of Industry 4.0 and big data analytics as research hotspots, as well as the integration of AI-driven technologies into CE innovations. |
| Keywords: | Resilient systems ({morteza.alaeddini, Sustainable innovation, Circular supply chains, Digital transformation, Bibliometric analysis, Bibliometric analysis Digital transformation Circular supply chains Sustainable innovation Resilient systems ({morteza.alaeddini |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05287321 |
| By: | Michael Lindner; Julian Geis; Toni Seibold; Tom Brown |
| Abstract: | Germany has set an ambitious target of reaching net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045. We explore how integrated cross-sectoral planning can reduce costs compared to existing national plans. Our new linear optimization model PyPSA-DE simulates the electricity and hydrogen transmission networks, as well as supply, demand, and storage in all sectors of the energy system in Germany and its neighboring countries with high spatial and temporal resolution. While our new model shows strong electricity transmission grid development, total expansion is one third lower than in the national grid development plan, lowering costs by 92 billion EUR$_{2020}$ to 191 billion EUR$_{2020}$ and average grid tariffs by 7.5 EUR$_{2020}$ / MWh. These savings are mainly due to integrated planning and operation, a market design with regional prices, and a system-optimal usage of offshore wind. PyPSA-DE is open-source and can readily be adapted to study related issues around the energy transition. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.09414 |
| By: | Simon Cornée (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Damien Rousselière (Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Véronique Thelen (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the environmental benefits of grassroots cooperation in agriculture. Specifically, it focuses on the French context, which is characterised by a heavy reliance on pesticides and by strong inter-farmer interactions structured within farm machinery sharing cooperatives (CUMAs). We theorise that these social interactions are strategically complementary in the sense that the agroecological practices of farmers involved in the CUMA network, in a given spatial unit, are influenced by the presence and actions of CUMA members in their vicinity. At the extensive margin, increased peer-to-peer interactions, driven by a higher density of CUMA members, foster sociotechnical exchanges conducive to reducing pesticide use. At the intensive margin, if members individually make greater use of their CUMA, they collectively gain access to technologically advanced machinery assets, which leads to a reduction in pesticide use through improvements in technical efficiency. Our econometric analysis, based on a dataset provided by the National Federation of CUMAs covering 5793 individual cooperatives, fully supports the extensive-margin mechanism. The intensive-margin mechanism, however, is only observed for greater use of agroecological equipment by CUMA members, suggesting a rebound effect when it comes to conventional equipment. Overall, these results point to the idea of a ‘hidden agroecological transition.' |
| Keywords: | Social interactions, Collective action, Pesticides Agriculture, Farm machinery sharing cooperatives, Cooperatives |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04881201 |
| By: | Thierry Brunelle (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Raja Chakir (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Alain Carpentier (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Bruno Dorin (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Daniel Goll (LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] - UVSQ - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - DRF (CEA) - Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, BIOGEO - Contrôles des cycles biogéochimiques terrestres - LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] - UVSQ - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - DRF (CEA) - Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives); Nicolas Guilpart (Agronomie - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Federico Maggi (Environmental Engineering - The University of Sydney); David Makowski (MIA Paris-Saclay - Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Thomas Nesme (UMR ISPA - Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère - Bordeaux Sciences Agro - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Jutta Roosen (TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich); Fiona Tang (Department of Civil Engineering [Clayton] - Monash University [Clayton]) |
| Abstract: | Many countries have implemented policies to reduce the use of chemical inputs in agriculture. However, these policies face many obstacles that limit their effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to review the main challenges associated with reducing chemical inputs in agriculture and to propose potential solutions. Our analysis, based on a literature review linking agronomy and economics, shows that several agronomic options have proven effective in reducing chemical inputs or mitigating their negative impacts. We argue that the organization of the agri-food system itself is a major barrier to their implementation. Involving all stakeholders, from the chemical input industry to consumers, and designing appropriate policy frameworks are key to address this issue. We recommend combining different policy instruments, such as standards, taxes and subsidies, in a simplified and coherent way to increase effectiveness and ensure better coordination in the adoption of sustainable practices. |
| Abstract: | De nombreux pays ont mis en œuvre des politiques visant à réduire l'utilisation d'intrants chimiques dans l'agriculture. Toutefois, ces politiques se heurtent à de nombreux obstacles qui limitent leur efficacité. L'objectif de cet article est de passer en revue les principaux défis liés à la réduction des intrants chimiques dans l'agriculture et de proposer des solutions potentielles. Notre analyse, basée sur une revue de la littérature associant agronomie et économie, montre que plusieurs options agronomiques se sont avérées efficaces pour réduire les intrants chimiques ou atténuer leurs impacts négatifs. Nous soutenons que l'organisation du système agroalimentaire lui-même est un obstacle majeur à leur mise en œuvre. L'implication de toutes les parties prenantes, de l'industrie des intrants chimiques aux consommateurs, et la conception de cadres politiques appropriés sont essentielles pour résoudre ce problème. Nous recommandons de combiner différents instruments politiques, tels que les normes, les taxes et les subventions, d'une manière simplifiée et cohérente afin d'accroître l'efficacité et d'assurer une meilleure coordination dans l'adoption de pratiques durables. |
| Keywords: | Réduction d'intrants, Normes, Taxes, Subvention |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04644219 |
| By: | Albanese, Andrea (LISER); Deschenes, Olivier (University of California, Santa Barbara); Gathmann, Christina (LISER); Nieto Castro, Adrian (Lund University) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides novel evidence of the impact of temperature fluctuations on retirement behavior and underlying mechanisms, combining 30 years of rich longitudinal survey data with granular daily weather information. Exposure to cold and hot temperatures accelerates transitions into retirement, particularly among individuals unaccustomed to such conditions, and the effects are strongest among vulnerable populations facing greater health challenges and limited access to healthcare. Extreme temperatures deteriorate health through a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases and strokes, reducing individuals' ability to work, while better access to healthcare mitigates the adverse effects of extreme temperatures on retirement behavior. |
| Keywords: | retirement, health, temperature, healthcare |
| JEL: | I14 I18 J26 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18161 |
| By: | Gazze, Ludovica (University of Warwick); Gupta, Tanu (University of Southampton); Huang, Allen (Weiyi) (University of Oxford); Londono, Valentina (Universidad del Rosario); Saavedra, Santiago (Universidad del Rosario); Toma, Mattie (University of Warwick) |
| Abstract: | There is limited evidence on the non-health impacts of air pollution, including productivity in the workplace and behavior. We examine the effect of air pollution on participation, collaboration, and feedback provision in a workplace setting. Our experiment randomly assigns air purifiers to rooms at three large academic conferences to investigate the causal impact of air pollution on participants' engagement behavior. We construct a participant engagement index based on 12 presentation-level behavioral outcomes directly measured by conference observers through an online form and weigh each behavioral outcome using weights elicited from an expert survey. Conference rooms treated with air purifiers exhibit 48% less PM2.5 concentration compared to control rooms. However, we do not find a statistically significant change in engagement. Communication in the workplace might not be a large driver of the empirical relationship between air quality and productivity, albeit more research is needed across workplaces and measures of communication. |
| Keywords: | field experiment, workplace, engagement, indoor air quality |
| JEL: | Q53 J24 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18154 |
| By: | Mohammad Hassan Shakil; Arne Johan Pollestad; Khine Kyaw; Ziaul Haque Munim |
| Abstract: | With the European Union introducing gender quotas on corporate boards, this study investigates the impact of board gender diversity (BGD) on firms' carbon emission performance (CEP). Using panel regressions and advanced machine learning algorithms on data from European firms between 2016 and 2022, the analyses reveal a significant non-linear relationship. Specifically, CEP improves with BGD up to an optimal level of approximately 35 percent, beyond which further increases in BGD yield no additional improvement in CEP. A minimum threshold of 22 percent BGD is necessary for meaningful improvements in CEP. To assess the legitimacy of CEP outcomes, this study examines whether ESG controversies affect the relationship between BGD and CEP. The results show no significant effect, suggesting that the effect of BGD is driven by governance mechanisms rather than symbolic actions. Additionally, structural equation modelling (SEM) indicates that while environmental innovation contributes to CEP, it is not the mediating channel through which BGD promotes CEP. The results have implications for academics, businesses, and regulators. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.00244 |
| By: | Mohammed, Abdelradi; Zabel, Florian; Delzeit, Ruth |
| Abstract: | A key challenge in modeling water scarcity in computable general equilibrium (CGE) models is getting the substitution elasticity between water and the other inputs right. This paper develops a novel method to derive the values of the substitution elasticity between water and land by implementing a one-way bottom-up linking from a crop model into a CGE model. Using biophysical relationships from a crop model, we calibrate the shape of the production function of agricultural activities in the CGE model. Furthermore, crop water requirement coefficients are imposed as biophysical constraints on the substitution in crop production. To demonstrate the advantages of this approach, we apply it to an irrigation water tax shock using SAM data for Egypt 2019 and compare the impacts under these derived elasticities with the elasticities of the GTAP-WATER model. The results show that our approach is similar to that of GTAP in the short run. However, in the long run, we find that the impact of the policy on agriculture is larger under the novel approach than under the GTAP elasticities. This method could be applied to other cases using region-specific crop model parameters to study water policy, water use efficiency, agricultural production, and rural development. |
| Keywords: | Linking, irrigation, crop water requirement, CGE model, water economics, elasticity |
| JEL: | Q25 C68 Q18 Q12 Q15 |
| Date: | 2025–05–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bsl:wpaper:2025/04 |
| By: | Akesaka, Mika (Kobe University); Shigeoka, Hitoshi (University of Tokyo) |
| Abstract: | This study demonstrates that heat disproportionately impairs human capital accumulation among low-performing students compared with their high-performing peers, using nationwide examination data from 22 million students in Japan. Given the strong correlation between academic performance and socioeconomic background, this suggests that heat exposure exacerbates pre-existing socioeconomic disparities among children. However, access to air conditioning in schools significantly mitigates these adverse effects across all achievement levels, with particularly pronounced benefits for lower-performing students. These findings suggest that public investment in school infrastructure can help reduce the unevenly distributed damage caused by heat to student learning, thereby promoting both efficiency and equity. |
| Keywords: | air conditioning, adaptation, student achievement, distributional impact, heat, children, climate change |
| JEL: | I21 I24 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18165 |
| By: | Raphaël Semet (UEVE - Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne) |
| Abstract: | This study uses data from the 2017 French Household Budget Survey ( enquête Budget de famille) and an input‑output model to examine the carbon footprint distribution of French households. Using multivariate nested models and quantile regression techniques, it explores disparities in households carbon footprints stemming from socioeconomic characteristics (e.g., size, age, education), income, or household decisions (e.g., home energy source, dwelling type, car ownership). The findings show that the three dimensions are crucial for understanding carbon footprint differences. Other characteristics being equal, education, age and household size, influence carbon emissions. Household decisions also have great explanatory power, especially at the bottom of the distribution, while the type of urban unit (urban/peri‑urban/rural) has no significant influence on carbon emissions |
| Abstract: | À partir des données de l'enquête Budget de famille 2017 et d'un modèle entrées/ sorties, cet article estime la distribution de l'empreinte carbone des ménages français. À l'aide de modèles multivariés et de régressions quantiles, il explore les disparités d'empreintes carbone des ménages selon leurs caractéristiques socioéconomiques (taille du ménage, âge et niveau d'études de la personne de référence), leurs revenus et leurs décisions (par exemple la source d'énergie domestique, le type de logement, l'équipement en véhicules, etc.). Les trois dimensions comptent pour bien comprendre les disparités d'empreintes carbone. Toutes caractéristiques égales par ailleurs, niveau d'études, âge de la personne de référence et taille du ménage influencent les émissions de carbone. Les décisions prises par le ménage ont également un grand pouvoir explicatif, en particulier sur le bas de la distribution des émissions, tandis que le type d'unité urbaine (urbaine/péri-urbaine/rurale) n'a pas d'influence significative. |
| Keywords: | mitigation, quantile regression, carbon footprint, empreinte carbone, régression quantile, ménages |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05163695 |
| By: | Antoine Ducastel (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293558 |
| By: | Sillero Illanes Carmen (European Commission - JRC); Magagna Davide (European Commission - JRC); Torrecilla Salinas Carlos (European Commission - JRC); Fernandez Gavilanes Gerardo |
| Abstract: | "This policy brief presents two fundamental ideas: first, that European cohesion funds can effectively support agile and efficient place-based transformative innovation policies, which boost competitive and sustainable ecosystems in areas such as circularity and reducing fossil fuel dependency. This is achieved through multilevel government and a strong stakeholder involvement, as demonstrated by the experiences of Finland and Denmark. Second, regions can enhance their capacity for transformative innovation through structured capacity-building processes, including study visits and exchanges. The study visit conducted by the Andalusian government to Finland and Denmark, designed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) and supported by the TAIEX-REGIO instrument, serves as a clear example presented in this report. The insights and lessons learned from this experience could be valuable to other European regions seeking opportunities for transformation and aspiring to collaborate in this journey." |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143279 |
| By: | von Graevenitz, Kathrine; Krug, Joscha; Rottner, Elisa |
| Abstract: | Governments around the world are under pressure to reduce industrial energy use and emissions without losing out to international competition. For this reason, climate policies often come with exemptions or additional support for large energyintensive firms, increasing the heterogeneity in energy prices. We document such a rising dispersion in industrial energy prices in the German manufacturing sector that coincides with rising average energy prices. Surprisingly, we observe an increase in industrial energy intensity, while at the same time, manufacturing firms have shifted toward producing less energy intensive products. We develop a model of multi-product firms with heterogeneous energy prices and heterogeneous products that can partially explain this puzzle via a 'reshuffling' among producers: If energy prices rise only for a share of firms, those firms will drop energy-intensive products. But the remaining low energy price firms will increase their market share of these products and produce them in a less energy-efficient way. Empirical analyses based on German administrative firm data suggest that such a 'reshuffling' is indeed taking place. We show in a simple quantification that reshuffling can have sizable effects on aggregate energy intensity. |
| Keywords: | Product choice, Energy intensity, Carbon emissions, Manufacturing |
| JEL: | Q41 D21 D22 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:328244 |
| By: | Piseddu, Tommaso (Department of Real Estate and Construction Management, Royal Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This study aims to shed light on the implications of biodiversity risk for the Swedish residential housing market. While most of the previous academic literature and national and international financial supervision focused on transition and physical risks as the main channels of climate’s impact on housing prices, this study reveals the significant role that biodiversity risk can play. In Sweden, higher temperatures, discharges of nutrients from agricultural activities and changing raining patterns have rendered algae blooms a frequent presence in the country’s lakes, streams and seashores. By adopting a repeat-sales approach over the housing transactions that occurred in the country between 2005 and 2021, it is found that each additional appearance of blooming algae reduced returns on investments by 0.5% on average. Additional identification strategies confirm that the marginal impact of one additional blooming alga has a very small impact, while the first appearance can reduce the return on investment by about 5.5% on average. The results are robust to several forms of sensitivity analysis, such as including information on housing renovation and excluding assets with short holding periods. Concerns over measurement errors and endogeneity of the distribution of the algae are addressed with the use of instrumental variables (IVs), which confirm the validity of the findings and reveal an even stronger impact. The results of this study are relevant for a large number of economic actors, among these private households, investors and policymakers, and present alternative channels, other than natural hazards, through which climate change can impact housing markets. |
| Keywords: | blooming algae; housing prices; returns on investment; Sweden; biodiversity risk |
| JEL: | C10 Q50 R30 |
| Date: | 2025–10–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:kthrec:2025_011 |
| By: | Adam Feher (University of Lausanne); Emilia Garcia-Appendini (Norges Bank; University of St. Gallen - School of Finance; Swiss Finance Institute); Roxana Mihet (Swiss Finance Institute - HEC Lausanne) |
| Abstract: | We leverage a comprehensive dataset on U.S. data center energy loads, utility electricity prices, and establishment-level revenues, employment, and carbon emissions from 2010 to 2023 to examine whether rising data center demand affects local retail energy prices or other spillovers. For identification, we employ an instrumental variables continuous difference-indifferences design, exploiting exogenous variation in data center location attractiveness. We find no detectable local spillover effects from data center energy growth. A regional model calibrated to these null results suggests that shocks larger than those observed through 2023 could still result in noticeable increases in household utility bills if not offset by regulation or external supply. |
| Keywords: | AI, energy prices, spillovers, data centers, energy, electricity |
| JEL: | Q55 Q58 D24 O33 O44 L94 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2573 |
| By: | Thomas Lapi (LIED (UMR_8236) - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UPCité - Université Paris Cité) |
| Date: | 2024–06–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04968151 |
| By: | Tatsuru Kikuchi |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a unified framework for identifying spatial and temporal boundaries of treatment effects in difference-in-differences designs. Starting from fundamental fluid dynamics equations (Navier-Stokes), we derive conditions under which treatment effects decay exponentially in space and time, enabling researchers to calculate explicit boundaries beyond which effects become undetectable. The framework encompasses both linear (pure diffusion) and nonlinear (advection-diffusion with chemical reactions) regimes, with testable scope conditions based on dimensionless numbers from physics (P\'eclet and Reynolds numbers). We demonstrate the framework's diagnostic capability using air pollution from coal-fired power plants. Analyzing 791 ground-based PM$_{2.5}$ monitors and 189, 564 satellite-based NO$_2$ grid cells in the Western United States over 2019-2021, we find striking regional heterogeneity: within 100 km of coal plants, both pollutants show positive spatial decay (PM$_{2.5}$: $\kappa_s = 0.00200$, $d^* = 1, 153$ km; NO$_2$: $\kappa_s = 0.00112$, $d^* = 2, 062$ km), validating the framework. Beyond 100 km, negative decay parameters correctly signal that urban sources dominate and diffusion assumptions fail. Ground-level PM$_{2.5}$ decays approximately twice as fast as satellite column NO$_2$, consistent with atmospheric transport physics. The framework successfully diagnoses its own validity in four of eight analyzed regions, providing researchers with physics-based tools to assess whether their spatial difference-in-differences setting satisfies diffusion assumptions before applying the estimator. Our results demonstrate that rigorous boundary detection requires both theoretical derivation from first principles and empirical validation of underlying physical assumptions. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.11013 |
| By: | Johan Miorner (Department of Human Geography, Lund University); Christian Binz (Eawag- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology); Shreya Nath (Water, Environment, Land and Livelihoods Labs (WELL Labs)); Sneha Singh (Water, Environment, Land and Livelihoods Labs (WELL Labs)); Bernhard Truffer (Eawag- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology) |
| Abstract: | Middle-income cities (MICs) are characterized by rapid urbanisation, expanding innovation capacities, and relatively weak path dependencies in their urban infrastructure systems. This could create unique opportunities for transformative leapfrogging – bypassing conventional infrastructure solutions in favour of novel, more sustainable approaches. Yet, most MICs tend to replicate global gold standards rather than embark on complex innovation trajectories. We argue that conventional urban planning and transitions concepts are ill-suited to address how to foster transformative leapfrogging in MICs and develop a novel analytical framework that combines socio-technical transitions theory with insights from innovation systems research. The framework highlights the creative problem-solving capacity of actors in dynamic MICs and specifies under what conditions experimentation with second-best solutions may lead to new transformative infrastructure templates. We apply the framework to a case study of how decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse systems have gained significance in Bengaluru (India). Drawing on 54 interviews, 23 site visits and 6 workshops, we show how regime-defying policies were introduced in response to development pressures and outline the factors triggering a de facto experimental space, in which actors could experiment with new solutions at scale. We then show that systemic barriers still hamper their maturing. We sketch an alternative approach to transformative leapfrogging in MICs that represents a shift from conventional planning logics and niche-focused transition models towards actively leveraging the ingenuity and problem-solving capacity generated within rapidly evolving urban contexts. |
| Keywords: | urban infrastructure, transformative leapfrogging, innovation, water reuse, Bengaluru |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aoe:wpaper:2503 |
| By: | François Pinta (UPR BioWooEB - BioWooEB - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Antoine Ducastel (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry); Patrice Dumas (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris); Marie Hrabanski (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier - UMPV - Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry); Grâce Floriane Chidikofan (UNSTIM - Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293551 |
| By: | Phanjarat Daengnimvikul; Kanis Saengchote |
| Abstract: | We evaluate the pricing impact of Thailand’s Thai ESG Fund – a tax-incentivized retail program launched in 2023 Q4 – on the corporate bond market, separating primary-market issuance from secondary-market repricing. Using Thai corporate THB bonds issued from 2018 to 2024, we test two hypotheses. At issuance (H1), we compare ESG coupons with observationally similar non-ESG issues via propensity-score matching. The average pairwise coupon spread (ESG minus matched non-ESG) is -29 bps overall, -23 bps pre-policy, and -92 bps post-policy, yielding a post-pre difference of -69 bps (all statistically significant). In the secondary market (H2), we analyze seasoned bonds issued in or before 2023 Q3 and estimate a difference-in-differences regression with bond and quarter fixed effects, supplemented by an event study. The ESG×Post coefficient ranges from +31 to +42 bps, and event-time estimates show flat pre-trends with the ESG spread turning positive from two quarters and building to 49 bps by the fourth quarter. Together, the policy reduces funding costs for new ESG issues while raising required yields on older ESG bonds, consistent with demand concentrating in newly eligible, on-the-run ESG supply and a higher off-the-run liquidity premium. |
| Keywords: | ESG bonds; Tax-incentivized mutual funds; Greenium; Off-the-run premium; Sustainable finance policy |
| JEL: | G12 G18 H25 G23 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pui:dpaper:241 |
| By: | Abdellah Moussaoui (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca = University of Hassan II Casablanca = جامعة الحسن الثاني (ar)); Batali Ibtissam; Hafsa Lemsieh; Esskali Khalid |
| Abstract: | This study examines the hidden costs of digitalization in Moroccan SMEs, focusing on continuous training, cybersecurity, technological obsolescence, and change management. Using a quantitative survey of 53 SMEs and multiple regression analysis, it assesses the impact of these costs on profitability and business sustainability. Findings indicate that training and cybersecurity expenses significantly reduce profitability, while technological obsolescence and poor change management exacerbate operational inefficiencies. Neglecting these factors may hinder growth and limit digital scalability. Despite the sample size limitations, the study underscores the need for strategic cost management. SMEs are advised to adopt forward-looking budgeting to enhance resilience in an increasingly digital market. Future research could expand the scope of other regions and industries. |
| Abstract: | Cette étude examine les coûts cachés de la digitalisation dans les PME marocaines, en se concentrant sur la formation continue, la cybersécurité, l'obsolescence technologique et la conduite du changement. Au moyen d'une étude quantitative menée auprès de 53 PME et d'une analyse de régression multiple, elle évalue l'impact de ces coûts sur la rentabilité et la durabilité opérationnelles. Les résultats indiquent que les dépenses de formation et de cybersécurité réduisent significativement la rentabilité, tandis que l'obsolescence technologique et une gestion déficiente du changement exacerbent les inefficacités opérationnelles. La négligence de ces facteurs pourrait freiner la croissance et limiter la scalabilité digitale. Malgré les limitations liées à la taille de l'échantillon, l'étude souligne la nécessité d'une gestion stratégique des coûts. Il est recommandé aux PME d'adopter une budgétisation prospective pour renforcer leur résilience dans un marché toujours plus digialisé. Les recherches futures pourraient élargir le champ d'analyse à d'autres régions et secteurs. |
| Keywords: | Digitalization, Hidden costs, SMEs, Leadership, Sustainable Management, Coûts cachés, PME, Gestion Durable |
| Date: | 2025–06–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05143192 |
| By: | Jean-Marc Tacnet (IGE - Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Fédération OSUG - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Jean Dezert (DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau] - ONERA - Université Paris-Saclay); Simon Carladous (ONF-DRN - Département Risques Naturels - ONF - Office National des Forêts); Christophe Bérenguer (GIPSA-SAFE - GIPSA - Safe, Controlled and Monitored Systems - GIPSA-PAD - GIPSA Pôle Automatique et Diagnostic - GIPSA-lab - Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes) |
| Abstract: | Mountain natural phenomena threaten people and infrastructures. Risk-informed decision making to select risk reduction measures always starts with risk analysis. Natural risks are assessed through a combination of hazard, exposure and vulnerability (equivalent to severity and probability in industrial technological contexts). In practice, characterizing the exposure is indeed not that easy since for a given magnitude, a phenomenon can have several possible trajectories, each of them corresponding to a sub-scenario with a given conditional probability. Seasonal mountain phenomena occurrence and human touristic occupation are highly variable inducing peaks in occupancy rates. This paper addresses the issue of operational assessment of assets exposure considering their seasonal reach and presence probability for different phenomenon sub-scenarios. Simplified and practical methodologies are proposed to first calculate risk based on seasonal phenomenon occurrence and exposure and secondly calculate the reach probabilities of their spatial extent. Simple examples are given for a first single phenomenon (torrential flood) and demonstrate the influence of seasonal occurrence and presence hypothesis on calculated risks. Methodologies can be extended to deal with multi-risk contexts. |
| Keywords: | Presence probability, Reach probability, Exposure, Risk analysis, Scenarios, Natural risks, Mountain |
| Date: | 2025–06–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05293163 |
| By: | Thibault Deletombe (TECH ECO (ex-ITESE) - Institut Technico-Economie - CEA-DES (ex-DEN) - CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Université Paris-Saclay); Hyun Jin Julie Yu (TECH ECO (ex-ITESE) - Institut Technico-Economie - CEA-DES (ex-DEN) - CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Université Paris-Saclay); Patrice Geoffron (Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres) |
| Date: | 2024–06–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:cea-05293379 |
| By: | Jheelum Sarkar |
| Abstract: | Catastrophic floods directly risk 1.8 billion lives worldwide, most of whom are from East and South Asia. How do extreme floods reshape paid labor outcomes? To answer this, I focus on a 1-in-100 year flood event in India. I first combine Sentinel-1 SAR with JRC Global Surface Water dataset to generate flood map. Using information from this map in various rounds of periodic labor force surveys, I estimate gender-specific dynamic effects of the flood shock. Key results show that men experienced short-lived reduction in their employment while women faced a delayed but persistent decline in their working hours. Men suffered most in secondary sector and increased their participation in primary sector. Women were hit hardest in the tertiary sector. Such sectoral impacts could be attributable to disruptions in infrastructure and physical capital. Moreover, marital status and dependency burden further shape the gender differential effects of the extreme flood event. Results remain robust under alternative treatment definitions. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.08856 |
| By: | Zoé Favaro (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Mikael Akimowicz (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville, LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Valérie Le Dantec (CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Vincent Rivalland (CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Quennevat Antoine (CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Severin Stella (CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Magali Willaume (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Tiphaine Tallec (CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Keywords: | Practices changes, Beliefs, Cropping system, Co-conception |
| Date: | 2025–09–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05305622 |
| By: | Dorien de Leeuw; David-Jan Jansen |
| Abstract: | We study homeowners’ financial resilience in the face of flood risk. Us- ing three subsequent surveys among Dutch households, we compare owners of at-risk properties to a control sample of owners living out- side a potential flood zone. While the former start exhibiting greater awareness of flood risk, this awareness is not specifically reflected in financial resilience. First, we find no significant differences in terms of net financial wealth or savings. Second, the mortgages that finance the properties have comparable loan-to-value ratios, both at origina- tion and over time. The findings on resilience may reflect a high degree of trust in flood protection. The absence of insurance coverage com- bined with expected ex post government support may also be a factor. |
| Keywords: | homeownership; insurance protection gaps; protection mo- tivation theory; financial resilience |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 D14 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dnb:dnbwpp:845 |
| By: | Croce, Annalisa; Gvetadze, Salome; Toschi, Laura; Ughetto, Elisa |
| Abstract: | This working paper provides a comprehensive overview of Europe's cleantech innovation landscape, highlighting both the sector's substantial maturity and the key challenges holding back the scale-up of clean technologies. It distils insights from four interlinked research studies - mapping the cleantech ecosystem, surveying industry perspectives, analysing venture capital's impact, and evaluating policy frameworks - to examine how cleantech companies can reach their full potential and what support they need to thrive. The paper reflects the EIF's commitment to bridging financing gaps and fostering sustainable growth across Europe. The EIF Working Papers are designed to make available to a wider readership selected topics and studies in relation to EIF's business. The Working Papers are edited by EIF's Market Assessment & Research and are typically authored or co-authored by EIF staff or are written in cooperation with EIF. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:eifwps:328253 |
| By: | Vogl, Jonathan; Kleinebrahm, Max; Raab, Moritz; McKenna, Russell; Fichtner, Wolf |
| Abstract: | Electrified heating and mobility, the uptake of air conditioning and distributed energy resources are reshaping residential electricity demand and will require substantial investment. Yet the dependencies that drive present and future residential demand across sociodemographic characteristics, occupant activities, energy service demands, local technologies, and interactions with the overarching energy system remain poorly understood. Activity-based, bottom-up models make these dependencies explicit, better informing flexible operation and investment in low-carbon technologies. We review 45 activity-based residential models and assess coverage of appliances, domestic hot water, space heating and cooling, and mobility (electric vehicle charging), which are rarely considered jointly in one integrated model. We identify methodological gaps for consistently modeling behavior: To our knowledge, this is the first review to include activity-based mobility modeling, thereby identifying methodological gaps in consistent behavior modeling across residential energy services: First, most studies simulate single occupants in isolation rather than entire households, thereby overlooking interdependencies among occupants. Second, predominant use of Markov models or independent univariate sampling limits temporal consistency. Based on these findings, future studies should combine complementary behavioral datasets with sophisticated models (e.g., deep neural networks) capable of capturing complex dependencies to generate high-quality synthetic behavioral data as a basis for future bottom-up residential energy demand modeling. Further progress requires open datasets and reproducible validation frameworks to benchmark and compare activity-based models and to ensure consistent progress in the field. Currently, there is no model available in the literature that derives energy demand for thermal comfort, hot water, mobility, and other services consistently from one fundamental representation of household behavior. |
| Keywords: | household energy demand, activity schedules, occupancy behavior, activity modeling, sector coupling, mobility behavior, bottom-up demand modeling |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:kitiip:328261 |
| By: | Perlik, Kerstin; Corona Juárez, Nicolás; Priebe, Jan |
| Abstract: | Congenital disorders are a principal cause of early mortality, long-term disabilities, impaired cognitive development and constitute a major challenge to families, communities, and health care systems. The origins of congenital disorders are, however, not yet well understood. Using a high-dimensional fixed-effects model that includes municipality specific time and locality-by-month fixed effects, this study provides the first causal evidence on the role of high ambient temperature during pregnancy in affecting the onset of congenital disorders. We compiled a large dataset comprising about 19 million births from about 63, 000 Mexican localities during 20082021 and connect it with local temperature data. We estimate that a 1C increase in the average monthly maximum temperature during gestation is associated with a rise in the incidence of congenital disorders by 2.4 percent (0.022 percentage points). Furthermore, we provide suggestive evidence that newborns from indigenous mothers are more likely to develop congenital birth disorders compared to children from non-indigenous parents when exposed to high ambient temperatures. |
| Keywords: | Birth outcomes;Climate shocks;Indigenous |
| JEL: | I14 I31 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:brikps:14291 |
| By: | Paul Bardon (IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles, IFP School); Arthur Thomas (LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEC - Chaire Economie du Climat - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres); Olivier Massol (LGI - Laboratoire Génie Industriel - CentraleSupélec - Université Paris-Saclay, City University of London) |
| Date: | 2025–10–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05308083 |
| By: | Thibault Deletombe (TECH ECO (ex-ITESE) - Institut Technico-Economie - CEA-DES (ex-DEN) - CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Université Paris-Saclay); Hyun-Jin Julie Yu (TECH ECO (ex-ITESE) - Institut Technico-Economie - CEA-DES (ex-DEN) - CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) - CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Université Paris-Saclay); Patrice Geoffron (Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres) |
| Date: | 2024–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:cea-05293368 |
| By: | Klauber, Hannah (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research); Koch, Nicolas (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research); Pestel, Nico (Maastricht University) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how prolonged exposure to heat affects the labor force's ability to work in the short and long run. Linking administrative public health insurance records for one-third of the German working-age population to the quasi-experimental occurrence of heat waves, we provide the first comprehensive characterization of the occupation-specific heterogeneity in how heat-induced health damages materialize in decreased labor supply, and its distributional implications. An average hot day increases the number of new sick leave cases, and the effects build with prolonged heat. After seven consecutive days of heat exposure, the impact is roughly three times greater than on the first day. Workers who are already disadvantaged in terms of their income and working conditions are more vulnerable to heat stress. Those who are more flexible in scheduling and adjusting their working hours are less at risk. Our results also reveal a longer-term decrease in labor supply in the years following heat wave exposure, and suggest sustained increases in expenditures for healthcare. |
| Keywords: | climate change, inequality, labor, heat, adaptation |
| JEL: | J20 J32 I18 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18176 |
| By: | María Jesus Campion Arrastia; Emilio Dominguez Irastorza; Nuria Oses Eraso; Julen Perales Barriendo |
| Abstract: | The application of fertilisers is a fundamental aspect of soil fertility conservation. In recent decades, the growth in agricultural output has led to a significant increase in demand for fertilisers. The global fertiliser market is characterised by significant volatility and sensitivity to shifts in the global geopolitical landscape. In recent years, events such as the Russian aggression against Ukraine or export restrictions by the Chinese authorities have resulted in a considerable rise in prices and an increase in uncertainty about future behaviour. In this study, the prices of fertilisers typically available in Spain are employed to forecast not only the prices of fertilisers, but also those of essential macronutrients, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Forecasting the prices of essential nutrients can inform the environmental assessment of human activities that modify the composition of soil nutrients. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nav:ecupna:2402 |
| By: | Matthias Burgert; Giulio Cornelli; Burcu Erik; Benoit Mojon; Daniel Rees; Matthias Rottner |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces the BIS Multisector Model (BIS-MS), a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for analyzing macroeconomic dynamics in a multi-sector production network. The model can be calibrated to match the input-output data of more than 80 economies, enabling a detailed exploration of sectoral interdependencies and cross-industry shock transmission. By incorporating nominal rigidities at the sectoral level, the model can also be used to evaluate alternative monetary policy strategies. The paper demonstrates the model's capabilities by analyzing temporary and permanent energy price shocks under different monetary policy frameworks. In doing so, it illustrates the critical role of the country-specific production networks in shaping macroeconomic outcomes. The accompanying model toolbox equips policymakers and researchers with an easy-to-access platform for flexible scenario analysis. |
| Keywords: | multisector model, DSGE model, monetary policy, production network, climate change |
| JEL: | C54 E52 H23 Q43 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bis:biswps:1297 |