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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Abdul Ghaffar (BZU - Bahauddin Zakariya University); Muhammad Asif (Ghazi University); Areeba Ejaz (Ghazi University); Kashif Raza (Ghazi University) |
| Abstract: | Digital financial inclusion (DFI) initiatives have transformed the economy and environment by providing previously underbanked regions with enhanced access to banking, payment processing, and other financial services. This study analyses the correlations among DFI, GDP growth, and ecological sustainability, using the rapid expansion of digital finance in China as a case study. The research used econometric models to examine the impact of DFI on GDP growth and CO₂ emissions, including factors such as renewable energy adoption, industrial efficiency, and trade patterns. This purpose employs panel data from many national and international sources. The results demonstrate that reduced carbon intensity and improved economic inclusion correlate with heightened DFI penetration. Improved resource allocation, less travel for transactions, and increased green investment flows contribute to lower carbon intensity. The results suggest that DFI may fulfil climate action goals while promoting equitable growth, benefiting policymakers aiming to include financial innovation in sustainable development plans. |
| Keywords: | Digital Financial Inclusion, Sustainable Development, Digital Governance, China Natural Resources, China, Natural Resources, Natural Resources Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainable Development Digital Governance China Natural Resources Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainable Development Digital Governance China |
| Date: | 2025–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05236350 |
| By: | Laura Peralta; Marie Boltz; Philippe Delacote; Kenneth Houngbedji; Julien Jacob |
| Abstract: | We examine the environmental impacts of legal provisions to restore land rights for populations displaced by armed conflict, focusing on Colombia’s Land Restitution Law. Leveraging annual satellite data on forest cover loss, detailed records of the timing and location of restitution claims, and a staggered difference-in-differences strategy, we find that land restitution is associated with increased tree cover loss. Importantly, this effect is not driven by deforestation in primary forests, but rather by forest loss in areas formerly used for agriculture. These findings highlight the environmental trade-offs inherent in post-conflict land reforms. While restoring land rights is critical for transitional justice and economic recovery, attention to environmental outcomes is essential to ensure sustainable and equitable reconstruction. |
| Keywords: | Deforestation, Land rights, Internal conflict, Colombia |
| JEL: | O12 O13 O17 D74 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2025-38 |
| By: | Alessandra Bonfiglioli; Rosario Crinò; Mattia Filomena; Gino Gancia |
| Abstract: | We study the environmental impact of artificial intelligence (AI) using a novel dataset that links measures of AI penetration, the location of data centers and power plants, and CO2 emissions across US commuting zones between 2002 and 2022. Our analysis yields four main findings. First, exploiting a shift–share identification strategy, we show that localities more exposed to AI experience relatively faster emissions growth. Second, decomposition results indicate that scale effects dominate, while changes in industrial composition exert at most a weak mitigating effect; at the same time, electricity generation becomes more carbon intensive. Third, AI penetration raises dependence on non-renewable electricity. Fourth, proximity to data centers is a key driver of this effect, as nearby power plants shift toward greater fossil fuel use. These findings suggest that, absent a rapid decarbonization of power generation, the diffusion of AI is likely to exacerbate environmental externalities through the energy demand of data centers. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence, data centers, environment, emissions, pollution |
| JEL: | O33 Q55 R11 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12158 |
| By: | Zarah Thiel; Reza Fazeli; Frank Jotzo; Andreas Löschel |
| Abstract: | Hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources or with carbon capture and storage is an important pillar for reducing global emissions. Using structured interviews, we collect and analyze expectations of 47 industry, science, and government experts on hydrogen pathways and policy needs in Australia. A detailed picture emerges of expectations for how hydrogen will be produced, traded, or used domestically, including projections of future production cost and quantities. Experts also shared views on key obstacles and factors that could support hydrogen deployment. While a large majority anticipates a transition to renewable hydrogen by 2050, there are some notable divergences in expectations, including among different stakeholder groups and levels of experience. For instance, carbon capture and storage pathways remain contested. While the experts were largely optimistic that technical and environmental barriers could be overcome, the main policy gaps identified relate to regulatory and market uncertainties. |
| Keywords: | hydrogen, expert survey, renewable energy, policy |
| JEL: | O38 Q42 Q48 H00 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12161 |
| By: | Ricardo Crisóstomo |
| Abstract: | We estimate the loss of value that companies might suffer from nature overexplotation. We find that global equities shed 26.8% in a scenario of unabated nature decline, while the worst-performing firms lose 75% of their value. Our risk framework considers five environmental hazards: biodiversity loss, land degradation, climate change, human population and nature capital. We also introduce two metrics to assess nature-related risks: a Country Degradation Index that tracks the damage caused by environmental hazards in specific territories, including nonlinear dynamics and tipping points, and a Nature Risks Scores that summarises the risk that companies face due to the decline of nature and its services. |
| Keywords: | Environmental degradation, nature-related financial risks, climate change, ecosystem services, tipping points |
| JEL: | G01 G17 G28 I30 Q51 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cnv:wpaper:dt_90en |
| By: | Torsten Ehlers; Jon Frost; Carlos Madeira; Ilhyock Shim |
| Abstract: | Whether and how extreme weather shocks transmit to economic activity and, in turn, inflation is key for monetary policy. We look at the macroeconomic effects of different types of weather disaster for up to 151 countries over 2000-24. We study their macro-level and sectoral effects on GDP growth and on relevant sub-components of inflation. Using local projections, we find that the negative effects on GDP can be quite sizable and long-lived: -2%, -1% and -0.4% after the average-size droughts, landslides and wildfires, respectively, over four years. At the sectoral level, we find that agriculture-forestry-fishing and mining-construction-water-energy are negatively affected by several types of weather disaster. Most types of weather disaster have relatively small and short-lived effects on inflation, but with larger and more persistent increases in food prices than in the other components of CPI. Fiscal space and insurance can reduce the negative impact of natural disasters. |
| Keywords: | climate change, GDP growth, inflation, natural disasters, sectoral production |
| JEL: | E31 E32 O13 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bis:biswps:1292 |
| By: | Bingcheng Zhu (Dongbei University of Finance and Economics); Hongyun Huang (Shandong University); Ying Liu (Shandong University); Ning Zhang (Yonsei University) |
| Abstract: | New energy measures have been identified as a crucial strategy for most developing countries to address climate concerns and environmental risks. Despite multitude studies documenting the desirable clean air and low-carbon outcomes brought by new energy consumption, little is known about whether and how it facilitates the cost-effective collaborative emission abatement (CCEA). Therefore, we first propose a new method based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) framework to measure the CCEA of 283 prefecture-level and above cities in China. Subsequently, we establish the causality exploiting the enforcement of the new energy model city construction program (NEMCC) as an ideal quasi-natural experiment. We find that the policy significantly alleviates the emission abatement cost burden on the real economy caused by the collaborative process of pollution mitigation and carbon reduction. Moreover, we uncover three plausible channels in which the NEMCC nudges the CCEA from the entire production process of “source prevention-process control-end treatment†. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the beneficial effect is more prominent in southern cities, and cities with superior human capital and stringent environmental regulation. Additionally, we demonstrate that digital economy positively facilitates the policy effect with more complete intellectual property protection and active innovation environment within the city. Overall, the study provides fresh evidence supporting that new energy measures and initiatives could play a cost-effective hand in pursuing multi-objective climate and environmental governance. |
| Keywords: | New energy model city construction program; Cost-effective; Collaborative emission abatement; Digital economy; China |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:yon:wpaper:2025rwp-260 |
| By: | Yantuan Yu (Guangdong University of Foreign Studies); Ning Zhang (Yonsei University) |
| Abstract: | The effect of market-based climate policy instruments on a just transition cannot be underestimated, especially for developing economies. In this study, we provide rigorous empirical evidence on how China’s Energy Quota Trading System(EQTS) can drive green technology innovation and support an equitable, low-carbon transition. Specifically, based on a quasi-experimental modeling framework, we use a Double Debiased Machine Learning method to estimate the casual effect of China’s EQTS on energy productivity. Further, we explore the mechanisms of impact and examine heterogeneity effects from regional, resource endowment, and environmental regulation stringency perspectives. The empirical findings show that EQTS significantly improves energy productivity, exhibiting an average marginal effect of 13.2%. Robustness checks confirm the validity of the results after controlling for potential confounders. Green technology innovation and energy transition function as critical pathways through which the policy enhances energy productivity. This study presents empirical evidence on how effective market-based regulatory mechanism are in the energy sector and offers practical policy recommendations for integrating innovation-driven strategies within national carbon mitigation frameworks. |
| Keywords: | Energy Quota Trading System; Energy Productivity; Natural-Experiment Modeling; Green Technology Innovation; Energy Transition |
| JEL: | O13 O47 Q43 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:yon:wpaper:2025rwp-258 |
| By: | Stathis Devves; Angelos Alamanos; Giannis Arampatzidis; Phoebe Koundouri |
| Abstract: | The energy and water sectors face increasing challenges amid sustainability and net-zero transitions, which are integral to meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The need for integrated models that connect energy, emissions, and water use is critical for developing holistic and sustainable solutions. This chapter focuses on a water-energy-emissions modelling application for the residential sector, a key development area impacting SDGs related to energy, sustainable urbanization, and environmental management. We apply a combined energy-emissions and water accounting model to assess energy use, emissions output, and water consumption of Greece's residential sector, providing comprehensive, data-driven insights. Such integrated assessments are essential for informed policy evaluation and decision-making. We also analyze Greece's national decarbonization plan to 2050, demonstrating how these models can support policy evaluation and discuss the efficiency of the planned pathways. This approach underscores the importance of cross-sectoral analysis for successful long-term sustainable initiatives. |
| Keywords: | Energy emissions modelling, WaterReq GCH Decarbonization, Sustainable Development Goals, Urban development, Greece |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2554 |
| By: | Yantuan Yu (Guangdong University of Foreign Studies); Ning Zhang (Yonsei University) |
| Abstract: | While the critical roles of technology and finance in pollution abatement have been empirically ascertained, the synergistic effects of their integration on carbon mitigation and carbon marginal abatement costs (CMAC) of carbon remain underexplored in existing literature. In this paper, we first treat the scientific-technological and finance pilot policy (STFPP) as a quasi-experimental, and identify its effects on carbon emissions and CMAC using the staggered difference-in-differences strategy. Empirical findings show that the STFPP leads to a 5.2% decrease in carbon emissions alongside a reduction in CMAC by 1520 RMB per ton. It is also found that STFPP has a pronounced effect in reducing carbon emissions through three mechanisms: strengthening carbon reduction policy intensity, promoting green technological innovation, and facilitating integration of digital and real economies. This investigation not only constructs a theoretical scaffold but also provides empirical evidence that elucidates the specific mechanisms by which STFPP can effectively decrease both carbon emissions and CMAC. Our paper provides a practical basis for reinforcing the role of STFPP in environmental governance, equipping policymakers with valuable insights for strategic decision-making. |
| Keywords: | Scientific-Technological and Finance Pilot Policy; Low-Carbon Development; Difference-in-Differences; Carbon Marginal Abatement Costs; Technological Innovation |
| JEL: | O38 Q53 Q56 R51 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:yon:wpaper:2025rwp-259 |
| By: | Hoenow, Nils Christian; Karki, Kiran; Burger, Maximilian Nicolaus |
| JEL: | O13 Q54 D91 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325428 |
| By: | Eichner, Thomas; Runkel, Marco |
| JEL: | D91 H23 H71 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325421 |
| By: | Salakhova, Dilyara; Giuzio, Margherita; Kapadia, Sujit; Mazzolini, Giulio |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the environmental performance of sustainability-related investment funds compared to conventional ones across three dimensions: financed activities, portfolio carbon footprint, and investment in firms with ambitious science-based targets. We identify ESG funds using Morningstar (MS) strategies, the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation’s Article 8/9 classification, and funds’ self-naming. We find that the greenest funds invest more in low-carbon sectors, but their carbon footprints are comparable to conventional funds. Also, MS Low-Carbon and Art.8 funds tend to invest in the same sectors as conventional funds but target less polluting firms. Overall, results reveal inconsistencies between ESG labels and outcomes, highlighting the limited role these funds currently play in financing the transition to a net-zero economy. JEL Classification: C58, G11, G23, Q50, Q56 |
| Keywords: | climate change, ESG funds, low-carbon transition, sustainable finance |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20253121 |
| By: | Ghayal, Achintya |
| Abstract: | Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting has shifted from voluntary disclosure to a regulatory imperative and cornerstone of corporate transparency. Traditional cost accounting systems, which emphasize direct, indirect, and overhead costs, often ignore externalities like carbon emissions, social equity investments, and governance overhead. This study investigates how embedding ESG-driven cost allocations reshapes financial reporting and managerial decisions in manufacturing firms. Using a simulated dataset spanning three divisions (Energy, Materials, Consumer), we compare outcomes under conventional accounting and an ESG-adjusted framework that includes carbon pricing equivalents, compliance costs, worker and governance programs. Our results show that ESG adjustments increase reported costs by approximately 20-30% and reduce operating margins by 5-7 percentage points, while significantly improving transparency across environmental, social, and governance metrics. Sensitivity analyses (varying carbon pricing) indicate that margin declines are robust to plausible environmental cost changes, though divisions with higher emissions are most affected. This research contributes to sustainability accounting by operationalizing ESG into cost allocation mechanics rather than treating it as supplementary disclosure. It provides a practical model for managers, regulators, and investors seeking to balance profitability with long-term accountability and risk mitigation. |
| Date: | 2025–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:4ge2z_v1 |
| By: | Lykke E. Andersen (SDSN Bolivia); Fabiana Argandoña (SDSN Bolivia); Carla Olmos (SDSN Bolivia); Diego Calderón (SDSN Bolivia); Sebastián Miranda (SDSN Bolivia); Alvaro Muñoz (SDSN Bolivia); Sergio Choque (SDSN Bolivia) |
| Abstract: | This report estimates annual greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and fires in Bolivia from 2010 to 2023, considering both emissions and absorptions resulting from land clearing, land use change, fires, and forest regeneration. Using high-resolution annual land cover maps from MapBiomas Bolivia (1985–2023), and a global biomass density map, we track carbon pool changes at a 30×30m resolution. We developed a bookkeeping model to monitor carbon storage across 1.2 billion land cover pixels nationwide. Fortunately, 93% of these pixels showed no significant forest change, allowing us to focus on the 80 million pixels that experienced changes during the period of analysis. These pixels were categorized into 1, 278 classes of change based on the year, original land cover, resulting land cover and forest type. To estimate emissions from forest degradation due to fires, we used the Global Fires Emissions Database and subtracted emissions from deforestation within burned areas to prevent double counting. Our results indicate that greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation due to fires in Bolivia frequently exceed 200 million tCO2 per year, making Bolivia a significant contributor to global warming, with per capita emissions among the highest in the world. Alarmingly, an increasing share of these emissions results from forest burning with no apparent productive purpose. An Excel workbook with all the calculations and results at the municipal level accompanies this article, as do raster maps of net carbon emissions from deforestation at the 100x100m resolution and fire emissions at the 500x500m resolution. |
| Keywords: | Deforestation, fires, carbon emissions, Bolivia. |
| JEL: | Q50 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iad:sdsnwp:0225 |
| By: | Julia Eder (Institute for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economy, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria; Socio-Ecological Transformation Lab, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria); Jakob Rammer (University of Vienna, Austria) |
| Abstract: | The European Unions (EU) green agenda, embedded in the European Green Deal, is promoted as a strategy to tackle intertwined crises of climate change, energy insecurity, and profit overaccumulation in a tense geopolitical environment. Central to this agenda is the large-scale deployment of green hydrogen (GH2) as both an energy storage solution and a decarbonisation pathway for hard-to-abate sectors. While the EU sets ambitious targets of 10 million tons of domestic GH2 production and an equivalent volume of imports by 2030, these goals rely heavily on establishing supply partnerships with countries in the Global South. This article interrogates the EUs GH2 strategy through the lens of dependency theory, focusing on Chile, a country with vast renewable energy potential and positioned by the EU as a trusted ally. Drawing on eleven expert interviews conducted in Europe and Chile as well as a qualitative content analysis of policy documents, we analyse how EU-Chile hydrogen cooperation materialises in politico-economic practice. Our findings suggest that, while framed as mutually beneficial, the EUs GH2 agenda risks reinforcing Chiles peripheral role in the global division of labour and locking the country into resource-based specialisation. We conclude that the emerging hydrogen partnership exemplifies both the opportunities and dependency-related pitfalls of the EUs green transition when transposed onto North-South relations. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ico:wpaper:168 |
| By: | Melesse, Mequanint B.; Duche, Vishwambhar; Guvvalavenkata, Anupama; Kumar, Dron; Sanil, Richu; Falk, Thomas; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S. |
| Abstract: | Water is a vital resource for agricultural production, sustaining ecosystem services, and supporting livelihoods of communities. However, population growth and climate change coupled with unsustainable water use and management are increasingly pushing the limits of water resources. In many parts of India, water scarcity is already posing a threat to agricultural systems and livelihoods due to prolonged droughts and climate variability. Water scarcity is more pronounced in semi-arid and arid dryland regions of India, where the majority of these regions are characterized as high to extreme water stress areas. Effective management and governance of water resources is crucial to sustain productivity of dryland agricultural systems and livelihoods in these regions. |
| Keywords: | capacity building; water; water management; surface water; India; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:othbrf:168925 |
| By: | Alessandra Drigo (University of Milan, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei) |
| Abstract: | This study offers the first analysis of environmental and climate inequalities at the census tract level in Italy, providing valuable insights into spatial patterns of environmental and social vulnerability. The results highlight significant environmental inequality related to exposure to air pollution (PM2.5), as well as climate inequality linked to thermal discomfort (measured by the Discomfort Index). Among all regions, the Padana Valley stands out as the most severely affected by both stressors, marking its population as particularly vulnerable regardless of their socioeconomic status. At the national level, the analysis identifies a negative correlation between exposure to environmental stressors and income proxies, and a positive correlation with the presence of non-European foreign residents. These associations remain robust even when the focus shifts to census tracts within the same municipality, suggesting that environmental and social inequalities persist not only across regions but also within local urban contexts. |
| Keywords: | Environmental inequality, Environmental justice, Air pollution, Socioeconomic status, Climate Justice, Discomfort Index |
| JEL: | Q53 Q56 I14 C21 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.12 |
| By: | Zachariadis, Theodoros; Taliotis, Constantinos; Moleskis, Melina; Solomou, Pantelis |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the findings of our model-based study on the transition of Cyprus to a net-zero economy. A climate-neutral Cyprus will be characterised by almost complete replacement of fossil fuels by electricity and renewable sources, full utilisation of waste and use of renewable hydrogen in transport and heavy industry. This will require serious public and private investments, which however can be beneficial for the economy and society. Still, important challenges lie ahead that call for swift policy action. Apart from long-term planning that must start today, effective implementation of green policies is key. In this context, the paper also provides a background on behavioural barriers that should be overcome, as the lack in understanding human behaviour is at the heart of the sustainability challenge. Drawing from our recent work for Cypriot authorities, we highlight directions in which policy-making in Cyprus can be enhanced, with special attention to energy poverty. |
| Keywords: | behavioural insights; carbon neutrality; climate policy; energy poverty; net-zero economy |
| JEL: | N0 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129620 |
| By: | Rana, Abdul Wajid; Gill, Sitara; Akram, Iqra |
| Abstract: | Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges confronting our global system today. The scientific community has clearly established that global temperatures are rising and the consequences of climate change may swiftly transition from an environmental risk to an economic threat. Agriculture sector is particularly vulnerable to changes in weather and climatic condition. Over 60% of the yield variability is chalked up to to climate change; significantly affecting food production and farmer income. Changes in climate affect the onset and duration of crop growing cycle, and the extent and duration of heat and water stress impact agriculture production. Moreover, it may trigger pest and disease outbreaks causing significant production losses. Small-scale farmers in rain-fed areas of Pakistan face the severe susceptibility to the challenges brought about by climate change. This vulnerability stems from their heavy dependence on traditional farming methods and their limited ability to adapt, exacerbated by their limited access to advanced technologies and high levels of poverty. Worldwide, crop yields from rainfed farming are approximately 50 percent less than those achieved through irrigated methods. In the absence of adaptation measures to cope with climate change, a potential decline of around 50 percent in rain-fed agricultural yields could potentially occur within the next 30-35 years. Promoting climate smart agricultural practices appears to be a dependable strategy for addressing risks posed by climate change. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; climate change; crop rotation; rainfed farming; vulnerability; Pakistan; Southern Asia; Asia |
| Date: | 2024–02–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprwp:139502 |
| By: | Antonio Abatemarco (Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Salerno and CELPE); Roberto Dell’Anno (Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Salerno and CELPE); Elena Lagomarsino (Department of Economics, University of Genova) |
| Abstract: | The implementation of environmental policies varies substantially across geographical areas. This paper proposes a conceptual and methodological framework—adapted from the health economics literature— to assess equity in the allocation of environmental policy effort. We define “environmental care” as the set of local policy interventions aimed at improving environmental quality within an area, and evaluate its distribution relative to environmental need. Using direct and indirect standardization techniques, we measure horizontal inequity (unequal care among areas with similar need) and vertical inequity (differential care in response to differing needs). Applying this framework to traffic-related air pollution policies in Italian municipalities from 2012 to 2021, we find that the observed reduction of overall inequality in environmental care is mostly driven by a decline in horizontal inequity. However, we find evidence of persistent socioeconomic disparities, with lower-income municipalities receiving disproportionately less policy effort relative to their environmental needs. |
| Keywords: | environmental equity, environmental inequality, air pollution, distributive justice |
| JEL: | Q53 Q58 R58 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.14 |
| By: | Rana, Abdul Wajid; Gill, Sitara |
| Abstract: | Pakistan is a case of double injustice contributing a minuscule share of global greenhouse gases, yet it is bearing the brunt of global climate change impacts. It ranks among the top 10 countries vulnerable to climate change (Eckstein et al., 2021). The 2022 IPCC Report underlines the heightened vulnerabilities because of global warming and climate change leading to more floods. The Asia-Pacific Disaster Report 20221, Pakistan could lose more than 9 percent of its annual GDP due to climate change. The Notre Dame- Gain Matrix2 ranks Pakistan 5th most impacted country by climate change shocks and is positioned as the 36th least-prepared nation to cope with climate changes (The World Bank Group, 2021). Besides, Pakistan scores worst on the indicator of Agriculture Capacity3 at 0.939. Pakistan is highly vulnerable to climate changes because of its arid to semi-arid environmental conditions (Nasim et al., 2018; Ullah et al., 2019, Ghaffar et al., 2022). Over the last two decades, the country has been facing the challenges of rising temperature, extreme heatwaves, drought, intense and erratic precipitation, water stress, glacial melting, recurring flash floods and super floods in 2010 and 2022. The combination of reduced crop yields, water scarcity, and changing agricultural practices can lead to severe food insecurity and economic challenges for marginalized communities and more importantly, for farmers. In July-August 2022, Pakistan faced unprecedented rainfall and riverine floods damaging cultivated crops, livestock and the infrastructure. Approximately 4.4 million acres of crops were damaged, and nearly 1 million animals perished. The total cost of damages and losses was estimated at $30.13 billion, with agriculture accounting for $12.9 billion (43 percent of the total) (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2021-22). |
| Keywords: | agriculture; greenhouse gases; climate change; climate-smart agriculture; Pakistan; Southern Asia; Asia |
| Date: | 2024–01–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:othbrf:138510 |
| By: | Kinuthia, Dickson; Oingo, Balentine; Bryan, Elizabeth; Davis, Kristin E.; Wallin, Elsa; Bukachi, Salome A. |
| Abstract: | Agricultural intensification that prioritizes profits over people and the environment is increasingly recognized as harmful to people’s wellbeing and the sustainability and resilience of smallholder farming systems. Nature-based solutions are part of nature-positive eco-agrifood systems and are critical for restoring ecosystems and preventing further biodiversity loss and environmental degradation during a climate crisis. To support more widespread adoption of nature-based solutions, it is important to understand dynamics within local communities where these solutions will be applied. This includes deeper understanding of environmental challenges, institutional and governance arrangements, current farming practices, gender relations, and perceptions of nature-based solutions. This study draws on qualitative data on these topics collected from smallholder farmers and key informants in three counties of Kenya. The discussion centers on the potential for nature-based practices to place agricultural production systems on a more sustainable path. |
| Keywords: | agricultural production; gender; natural resources; nature-based solutions; smallholders; sustainability; Kenya; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:169362 |
| By: | Germeshausen, Robert; Heim, Sven; Wagner, Ulrich J. |
| Abstract: | The rise of societal goals like climate change mitigation and energy security calls for rapid capacity growth in renewable electricity sources, yet citizens' support is put to a test when such technologies emit negative local externalities. We estimate the impact of wind turbine deployment on granular measures of revealed preferences for renewable electricity in product and political markets. We address potentially endogenous siting of turbines with an IV design that exploits quasi-experimental variation in profitability induced by subsidies. We find that wind turbines significantly reduce citizens' support locally, but this effect quickly fades with distance from the site. We assess policy instruments for enhancing citizens' support for renewable energy in light of our results. |
| Keywords: | renewable energy, wind power, public support, elections, externalities |
| JEL: | D12 D72 Q42 Q48 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:327111 |
| By: | Tomás Baioni (UNLP) |
| Abstract: | One of the salient aspects of climate change is the increment of both the intensity and frequency of natural disasters. This paper addresses how these factors interplay at a local level, focusing on Chilean regions at a quarterly basis for the period 2009–2025. To analyze intensity, I rely on the local projections method and find that on average, a 1% shock in natural disasters’ intensity has an immediate negative effect in employment by 0.057%, and an immediate negative effect on the debt market, increasing the household debt by 0.123 p.p. Overall, my results suggest that a 1% shock in natural disasters’ intensity has an immediate positive effect in real GDP by 0.015%, and a significant long-term negative effect on GDP by 0.054%, potentially showing signs of hysteresis. On the other hand, to analyze natural disasters’ frequency, I rely on a local projections difference-in-differences (LP-DID) estimator and find that those Chilean regions that suffer a natural disaster are more likely to experience short-term decreases in employment and GDP by 0.005% and 0.003%, respectively. I rely on a panel VAR model to estimate the impact of natural disasters’ intensity as robustness checks, and find that my original conclusions hold: natural disasters have a short-term negative effect on employment at 0.005% and a long-term negative effect on growth at 0.170%. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, natural disasters, environmental risks, emerging markets, local projections |
| JEL: | C33 H70 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aoz:wpaper:373 |
| By: | Sebastian Dullien (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK)); Katja Rietzler (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK)) |
| Abstract: | This policy brief presents simulation results regarding the macroeconomic effects of a green EU public investment fund using the macroeconometric simulation model NiGEM. After briefly outlining the investment needs in the EU, we first present results using the standard version of NiGEM. We then extend the simulations in the main sections of the Policy Brief by taking climate change into account. By applying the climate version of NiGEM, we simulate various policy scenarios of the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS), both with and without an EU investment fund. Our results show considerable negative impacts on GDP, along with inflationary effects arising from CO2-taxation alone. Accounting for climate change and the corresponding long-term damage to GDP, however, our results show that not acting on climate change now causes far more severe damages in the future. A debt-financed EU investment fund would help – besides from faster promoting the greening of the European economies – by cushioning the negative transitory GDP effects in the next ten years, without risking debt sustainability. Finally, our results highlight the importance of cooperation such that climate change policies are implemented on a global level. |
| Keywords: | EU investment fund, green investment, public investment, climate policy, climate change |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imk:pbrief:197-2025 |
| By: | Christoph Böhringer; Carsten Helm; Laura Schürer |
| Abstract: | Countries’ current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement leave a substantial gap to the emissions reductions needed to limit global warming to 2°C. Böhringer et al. (2025) showed the large emissions reduction potential of global emissions trading even if countries choose their tradable emissions reduction contributions strategically as mutual bestresponse strategies. However, the prospects for a global trading system appear rather bleak. By contrast, countries have already started to trade emissions reductions in bilateral agreements under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. Even though bilateral agreements may appear to be a significant restriction at first glance, they prove to be quite effective in terms of global emissions reductions when strategic choices of tradable emissions reduction contributions are taken into account. Numerical simulations based on empirical data show that the most effective bilateral trading club – consisting of South Korea or Europe and China – increases global emissions abatement from 17% (relative to BaU) without trading to 30%, and exploits 80% of the emissions reduction potential of a global trading system. |
| Keywords: | Paris Agreement, Article 6, emissions trading, NDCs |
| JEL: | H23 Q54 Q56 Q58 C72 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12170 |
| By: | Anh H. Le (Goethe University Frankfurt); John Beirne (Asian Development Bank); Donghyun Park (Asian Development Bank); Gazi Salah Uddin (Linköping University) |
| Abstract: | We empirically examine the impact of carbon pricing on key macroeconomic variables and inclusive development with a newly compiled panel dataset covering 48 countries from 1989 to 2024. Using the local-projection difference-in-differences approach, we find that the introduction of carbon pricing significantly reduces carbon emissions but also imposes substantial macroeconomic costs. Countries with carbon prices experience lower gross domestic product (GDP), lower consumption, and higher debt-to-GDP ratios. In addition, carbon pricing is associated with increased income inequality and a decline in human development. The adverse effects are particularly pronounced in countries with high public debt but are notably more muted in countries with higher environmental spending. Importantly, environmental spending mitigates many negative impacts of carbon pricing while reducing emissions. |
| Keywords: | carbon pricing;inclusive growth;climate change;environmental policy;transition risk |
| JEL: | E31 E50 D63 E62 H00 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–09–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:021558 |
| By: | Gessner, Johannes |
| JEL: | O30 Q55 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325442 |
| By: | Bolz, Simon J. |
| JEL: | F12 F15 F18 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325364 |
| By: | Alsaleh, Adhwaa; Borker, Girija; Uckat, Hannah Irmela |
| Abstract: | Women are often portrayed in climate discourse as disproportionately vulnerable to environmental change—a reductive framing that, while grounded in evidence, can obscure their agency and leadership in shaping climate resilience. This paper addresses that gap by exploring how gendered experience equips women to lead effective climate action. It examines two interrelated drivers of women’s climate leadership: (1) the heightened impact of climate shocks, such as displacement, food insecurity, and health risks, on women, which fuels women and catalyzes adaptation efforts; and (2) the distinctive competencies women develop through their social roles, such as long-term orientation, risk aversion, and prosocial behavior, which align with the demands of climate leadership. The paper presents a narrative review of interdisciplinary literature and develops a new conceptual model, the Climate Leadership Readiness Framework (CLRF), which distills the skillset required for effective climate leadership. The framework is used to assess women’s leadership potential across five domains: leadership, principles, skills, knowledge, and networks. Three spheres of transformation—practical, political, and personal—are applied to map where women are currently leading within the climate space and where institutional and policy support can unlock greater impact. The study finds that women are uniquely equipped to and already play an active role in climate action, although it is often underrecognized. By reframing women not as passive victims but as strategic actors, the paper offers a conceptual and policy-relevant lens for advancing inclusive climate governance. Embedding women’s leadership in climate strategies is not only an equity imperative, but also central to achieving durable and effective climate resilience. |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11223 |
| By: | Stefano Giglio; Theresa Kuchler; Johannes Stroebel; Olivier Wang |
| Abstract: | We outline a research agenda to better understand the economic and financial consequences of nature and biodiversity loss. Our starting point is a simple model in which ecosystem services—such as pollination, water filtration, and carbon sequestration—enter economic production, and where nature degradation and climate change reinforce one another through a “Twin-Crises Multiplier.” We then extend this framework to allow for heterogeneity across firms, industries, and geographies in how they depend on, and in turn affect, nature. This broader perspective provides a foundation for empirical analyses of how biodiversity loss influences aggregate output, firm productivity, and financial risk. We conclude by identifying opportunities for asset pricing and corporate finance research to systematically incorporate nature and biodiversity into financial economics. |
| JEL: | G0 G12 Q30 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34286 |
| By: | Ali Akram; Kannika Thampanishvong |
| Abstract: | Climate change threatens agricultural sustainability, making the nexus of farm-level adaptation and economic performance a critical area of scientific inquiry. In Thailand, New Theory Agriculture (NTA) is a diversification strategy designed to enhance farmer resilience against climate and market risks. This study provides an experimental evaluation of the NTA's effectiveness, quantifying its impacts by comparing a treatment cohort of NTA adopters against a control group of non-adopters. The analysis reveals that NTA has a statistically significant positive effect on both farm diversification and profitability. Notably, participants in the NTA earned an average of $971 more in net farm revenue per growing season than their counterparts. This result contributes to the literature by empirically challenging the posited trade-off between resilience-oriented diversification and economic returns. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that NTA represents an effective paradigm for concurrently achieving climate adaptation and economic sustainability in the Thai agricultural sector. |
| Keywords: | New Theory Agriculture; Thailand; Climate change adaptation; Agricultural diversification |
| JEL: | Q12 Q18 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pui:dpaper:239 |
| By: | Ille, Sebastian; Carrera, Edgar J. Sanchez |
| Abstract: | With the increasing demand for sustainable products, greenwashing has become more prevalent and sophisticated over the past decade. To better understand the incentives for firms to greenwash, we develop an evolutionary game-theoretic model in which firms may choose to mimic green behavior without having to bear the cost linked to green investment and production. We provide the conditions for the different evolutionarily stable equilibria. In a second step, we extend the model using agent-based simulations to incorporate path-dependent investment/production costs, history-dependent mimicry effectiveness, peer effects, and localized firm interactions. We show that the simpler model with random matching offers good approximations of the equilibrium conditions in more complex setups, but market segmentation supports green investment and production in contrast to higher penalties. While curtailing opportunities to pretend green behavior boosts green production, we also find that increasing cost efficiencies encourage firms to engage in green production, even in the face of increasingly sophisticated deceptive strategies. Based on our results, we suggest trio-targeted policies that reduce the (initial) costs of green investment/production, curtail opportunities to mimic green behavior, and support segmentation. |
| Keywords: | climate change; non-linear macroeconomic models; greenwashing; corporate sustainability |
| JEL: | C7 D2 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025–08–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:126152 |
| By: | Benfica, Rui; Hossain, Marup; Davis, Kristin E.; Boukaka, Sedi Anne; Azzarri, Carlo |
| Abstract: | Sustainable agrifood systems (AFS) provide food security and nutrition without compromising economic, social, and environmental objectives. However, many AFS generate substantial unaccounted for environmental, social, and health costs. True cost accounting (TCA) is one method that adds direct and external costs to find the “true cost” of food production, which can inform policies to reduce externalities or adjust market prices. We find that for Kenya— considering the entire food system, including crops, livestock, fishing, and value addition sectors at the national level—external costs represent 35 percent of the output value. Social costs account for 73 percent of the total external costs, while environmental costs are 27 percent. In contrast, in Viet Nam, where total external costs represent 15 percent of the output value, the environmental costs (75 percent) dominate social costs. At the subnational level, in the three Kenyan counties (Kisumu, Vihiga, and Kajiado) covered by the CGIAR Research Initiative on Nature-Positive Solutions (NATURE+), external costs (or the true cost gap) represent about 30 percent of all household crop production costs. Those external costs are overwhelmingly dominated by social (84 percent) over environmental (16 percent) externalities. In Viet Nam's Sa Pa and Mai Son districts, external costs represent about 24 percent of all household crop production costs. Environmental externalities (61 percent) are greater than social ones (39 percent). In Kenya, forced labor is the main social (and overall) external impact driven by factors ranging from "less severe" financial coercion to "more severe" forms of physical coercion. Land occupation is the most important environmental impact, resulting from occupation of lands for cultivation rather than conservation, while underpayment (low wages) and low profits are important social costs that are closely associated with the prevailing gender wage gap and occurrence of harassment. Soil degradation is the only other environmental impact, linked with the use of inorganic fertilizers (60 percent of households) and pesticides (36 percent). In Viet Nam, land occupation is the most important external impact, followed by soil degradation and contributions to climate change, primarily due to widespread use of inorganic fertilizers (98 percent of households) and pesticides (93 percent). Underpayment and insufficient income are significant social costs, followed by the gender wage gap and child labor. Crop production systems in Kenya exhibit relatively high labor-related costs compared with nonlabor inputs, with relatively lower intensity in the use of inorganic fertilizer and other chemical inputs and lower crop yields. This production system leads to relatively greater social externalities. Conversely, crop yields in Viet Nam are significantly higher than those in Kenya, likely due to the extensive use of inorganic fertilizers representing the largest direct cost component and leading to a relatively higher level of environmental externalities. Because external costs represent a significant part of the total cost of food production, policy and investments to minimize these costs are essential to a nature-positive AFS that is environmentally sustainable and socially equitable. Strategies to reach this goal include regulatory adjustments, investments in resource efficient infrastructure and technologies that minimize costs, and the prudent management of environmentally impactful production inputs and factors. |
| Keywords: | agrifood systems; environment; food security; sustainability; true cost accounting; food production; Kenya; Vietnam; Africa; South-eastern Asia; Asia; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–09–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:152074 |
| By: | Janser, Markus; Jarvis, Stephen; von Graevenitz, Kathrine; Wagner, Ulrich J. |
| JEL: | D22 H23 L23 L60 Q52 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325466 |
| By: | Carlo Andrea Bollino (Department of Economics, University of Perugia, LUISS University, University G. Marconi); Marzio Galeotti (Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei) |
| Abstract: | While population growth is a known driver of CO2 emissions, prevailing models often treat “population” as a homogeneous factor. This study addresses a critical gap, providing the first comprehensive empirical analysis to disaggregate the contributions of native-born and migrant populations to domestic CO2 emissions. Using an extended STIRPAT model for 172 countries (1990-2022), separated by OECD and non-OECD blocs, we uncover two novel insights. First, native-born populations consistently exhibit a substantially higher emissions elasticity than migrants in both country groups. Second, a dynamic shift occurred in OECD countries: migrants’ initially higher per capita emissions impact steadily declined over time, becoming lower than native-born individuals after 2003-2004. This refutes simplistic notions that migration inherently increases emissions. Our findings underscore the urgent need for differentiated, equitable climate policies that acknowledge the heterogeneous and evolving consumption patterns of diverse demographic groups, enabling more efficient mitigation strategies. |
| Keywords: | CO2 emissions, international migration, STIRPAT model, population elasticity, cross-country panel, OECD countries |
| JEL: | C33 J11 J15 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.17 |
| By: | Lena Kalukuta Mahina |
| Abstract: | This PhD thesis focuses on the development of circular agriculture solutions to enhance sustainability in African farming. The first chapter examines the broader potential of circular agriculture, particularly in maize farming, across Africa. Agriculture is essential to the continent's development, but the challenge remains in balancing productivity with sustainability. Circular agriculture, with its emphasis on restoring soil fertility, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers, and minimizing ecological footprints, presents a promising solution. Through a literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, this chapter identifies successful case studies and underscores the need for effective indicators to measure circularity, specifically in maize production. Building on this foundation, Chapter 2 explores a practical application of circular agriculture in Morocco, where a composting station dedicated to recycling date palm by-products was established. This chapter investigates the economic viability of such circular solutions, analyzing the compost’s impact on soil fertility and its adoption by local farmers in the Figuig Oasis. A detailed cost-benefit analysis reveals that, despite challenges, the project offers significant environmental and socio-economic benefits, with potential for replication in other similar agro-ecosystems. Finally, Chapter 3 focuses on maize productivity in the Haut-Katanga and Lualaba provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Using a data-driven approach, this chapter assesses the socio-economic and environmental factors that influence maize yields in these regions. The study emphasizes the role of data in informing on agricultural practices and suggests that circular solutions, informed by predictive modeling, could play a crucial role in improving productivity and food security in the DRC. Together, these chapters highlight the potential of circular agriculture to transform African farming into a more sustainable and productive system. |
| Keywords: | Africa; Circular; Agriculture; Date palm; Maize |
| Date: | 2025–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/394367 |
| By: | Moshe Ben-Akiva; Michel Bierlaire; Khan Doyme; Shari Gershenfeld; Nathalie Picard; Andreas W. Schäfer; Ravi Seshadri; Aruna Sivakumar; Linda Steg |
| Abstract: | Achieving effective decarbonization requires not only technological innovation but also a deep understanding of human behavior. This paper, based on an interdisciplinary workshop, highlights the necessity of integrating behavioral insights into the design of climate policies to ensure they are technically effective, socially acceptable, and equitable. We propose a methodological framework combining behavioral data collection, choice modeling, agent-based simulation, and optimization to forecast the impacts of policy measures and support adaptive policymaking under deep uncertainty. While the focus is on decarbonizing the transport sector, the approach is broadly applicable across sectors, aiming to enhance both emissions reductions and societal well-being. |
| Keywords: | Decarbonization, climate policies, behavior, equity, uncertainty, transport |
| JEL: | Q54 Q55 Q58 R41 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2025-31 |
| By: | Joxe Mari Barrutiabengoa; Rafael Ortiz Durán |
| Abstract: | The study estimates the employment effects of utility-scale solar and wind installations in Spain using microdata and local projection methods. Results show significant job creation, varying by phase, plant size, education, and technology, with notable spillovers to economically linked provinces. The study estimates the employment effects of utility-scale solar and wind installations in Spain using microdata and local projection methods. Results show significant job creation, varying by phase, plant size, education, and technology, with notable spillovers to economically linked provinces. |
| Keywords: | Renewable energies, Energías renovables, LFS, EPA, Green competences, Competencias verdes, Spanish regions, Regiones españolas, Job creation, Creación de empleo, Spain, España, Macroeconomic Analysis, Análisis Macroeconómico, Regional Analysis Spain, Análisis Regional España, Energy and Commodities, Energía y Materias Primas, Employment, Empleo, Climate Sustainability, Sostenibilidad Climática, Working Paper, Documento de Trabajo |
| JEL: | L94 O25 R23 C33 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bbv:wpaper:2511 |
| By: | Keuschnigg, Christian; Stalenis, Giedrius |
| JEL: | D21 D62 H23 O33 Q41 Q43 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325400 |
| By: | Abdellah Belbouli (USMS - Université Sultan Moulay Slimane); Fatima Touhami (USMS - Université Sultan Moulay Slimane); Abdennebi Radi (USMS - Université Sultan Moulay Slimane) |
| Abstract: | Sustainable entrepreneurship is increasingly presented as a strategic response to the combined pressures of climate change, social inequality, and economic volatility, yet the practical diffusion of sustainable business models remains constrained by limited strategic tools and insufficient foresight in complex environments. In this setting, competitive (economic) intelligence—conceived as a structured process of scanning, analysing, and safeguarding strategic information—emerges as a lever for strengthening the resilience and innovativeness of sustainability-oriented ventures. This article therefore asks how competitive intelligence is mobilized in the scholarly literature to support sustainable entrepreneurship under these conditions. A systematic review following the PRISMA protocol, covering peer-reviewed publications from 2005 to 2024 indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and Cairn, identifies three principal modes of integration: anticipating the dynamics of sustainable markets, managing regulatory risk, and enabling green innovation. The discussion highlights persistent gaps, particularly the limited empirical grounding in small and medium-sized enterprises, and calls for a tighter alignment between strategic scanning, sustainability objectives, and entrepreneurial decision-making. Overall, the study clarifies the strategic contribution of competitive intelligence and outlines priorities for applied research in this emerging field. |
| Abstract: | Face aux défis croissants liés au changement climatique, aux inégalités sociales et à l'instabilité économique, l'entrepreneuriat durable s'impose comme une voie stratégique pour concilier performance économique, responsabilité sociale et préservation de l'environnement. Toutefois, la mise en œuvre concrète de modèles d'affaires durables demeure limitée par un manque d'outillage stratégique et d'anticipation dans un environnement complexe. Dans ce contexte, l'intelligence économique — entendue comme un processus structuré de veille, d'analyse et de sécurisation de l'information stratégique — offre un levier prometteur pour renforcer la résilience et l'innovation des projets entrepreneuriaux durables. La question centrale qui guide cet article est la suivante : Comment l'intelligence économique est-elle mobilisée dans la littérature pour soutenir les stratégies d'entrepreneuriat durable face à ces enjeux ? Pour y répondre, une revue systématique de la littérature a été menée selon le protocole PRISMA, couvrant les publications académiques de 2005 à 2024 issues des bases Scopus, Web of Science et Cairn. L'analyse met en évidence trois axes majeurs d'intégration de l'intelligence économique : l'anticipation des dynamiques des marchés durables, la gestion des risques réglementaires, et le soutien à l'innovation verte. La discussion révèle plusieurs lacunes dans la littérature actuelle, notamment le faible ancrage empirique dans le contexte des PME, et propose des pistes d'amélioration pour une meilleure articulation entre veille stratégique, développement durable et décision entrepreneuriale. Cet article contribue ainsi à clarifier le rôle stratégique de l'intelligence économique et à ouvrir la voie à des recherches appliquées dans ce champ émergent |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneuriat durable, Approche stratégique, Revue systématique, Intelligence économique |
| Date: | 2025–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05231795 |
| By: | Flechtner, Svenja; Middelanis, Martin |
| JEL: | Q52 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325403 |
| By: | Eßer, Jana |
| JEL: | C90 D90 Q51 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325465 |
| By: | Dimitris Georgarakos; Geoff Kenny; Justus Meyer; Maarten van Rooij |
| Abstract: | Global temperatures are rising at an alarming pace and public awareness of climate change is increasing, yet little is known about how these developments affect consumer expectations. We address this gap by conducting a series of experiments within a large-scale, population-representative survey of euro area consumers. We randomly assign consumers to hypothetical global temperature change scenarios, after which we elicit their expectations for inflation and key macroeconomic indicators under these conditions. We find that a 0.5°C rise in global temperatures leads to a 0.65 percentage point increase in five-year-ahead inflation expectations, with effects particularly pronounced among consumers with greater awareness of climate change. Additionally, respondents expect adverse impacts of global warming on economic growth, employment, public debt, tax burdens, and their well-being. Despite these pessimistic expectations, many consumers demonstrate limited willingness to pay for mitigating further temperature increases. Instead, they place primary responsibility for climate action on governments. Our findings underscore the interplay between climate change and economic expectations, highlighting the potential implications for monetary and fiscal policy in a warming world. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; Global Warming; Consumer expectations; Randomized Control Trial (RCT); Consumer Expectations Survey (CES) |
| JEL: | D12 E31 E52 H31 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dnb:dnbwpp:843 |
| By: | Pohn, Lukas; Schulze, Günther |
| JEL: | I25 O15 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325384 |
| By: | Gonzales, Teresa; Kosec, Katrina; Kyle, Jordan; Madero, Ana; Mittrick, Caitlin; Myers, Emily; Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Rapadas, Amica |
| Abstract: | As floods increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change, anticipatory action (AA) programs offer a promising approach to mitigate their impacts. However, there is limited research about how AA programming can address the specific needs of women, who often face heightened vulnerabilities during disasters. This paper applies the Reach, Benefit, Empower, Transform (RBET) framework to examine gender dynamics in AA programming through case studies in Nepal and Nigeria—two flood-prone countries where AA initiatives have been piloted. Using data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions with stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, local advocacy groups, and direct beneficiaries of flood programs, we assess barriers and enabling conditions for AA to reach, benefit, and empower women and broader opportunities for transformation of gender norms and social inequalities. Our findings reveal key implementation challenges, including limited funding, weak integration with broader disaster risk reduction efforts, and inadequate early warning systems. However, we also identify practical strategies for improving AA’s gender responsiveness, such as relying on individual rather than household-level data, providing accessible early warning information, offering aid modalities that meet women’s specific needs (such as dignity kits), ensuring women’s participation in community decision-making, and facilitating ongoing inclusive household and community dialogues in flood-prone communities rather than only responding to specific flood warnings. The paper concludes with recommendations for scaling up gender-inclusive AA programming to enhance resilience and reduce the disproportionate impacts of flooding on women. |
| Keywords: | disaster risk management; flooding; gender; vulnerability; women; climate change adaptation; Nepal; Nigeria; Asia; Southern Asia; Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:162956 |
| By: | Kalmey, Tim; Meya, Jasper; Sager, Lutz |
| Abstract: | We examine the relationship between household incomes and the biodiversity footprints of consumption in the United States from 1996 to 2022. Combining detailed household expenditure surveys with environmentally-extended multi-regional input-output accounting methods, we calculate consumption-based (i) land-use and (ii) species-loss footprints as proxies for overall biodiversity pressure. We find thatthe average biodiversity footprints of US households declined between 1996 and the early 2010s but began increasing again thereafter, as rising consumption pressure outpaced technological improvements. To characterize the relationship between household income and biodiversity footprints, we construct Environmental Engel Curves (EECs). Just like aggregate footprints, EECs shifted downwards until the early 2010s but have moved upwards in recent years, mainly due to a more biodiversity-intensive composition of expenditures, as we show. Moreover, EECs for land use are concave, implying a "biodiversity-equality trade-off" of moderate size. In 2022, full redistribution to achieve perfect income equality would have raised aggregate land use by 3.2% all else equal, calling for additional efforts to maintain a given biodiversity conservation goal. |
| Keywords: | Biodiversity, Land-use, Consumption, Environmental Engel Curve, Footprint, Inequality, Trade |
| JEL: | D12 D31 H23 Q20 Q57 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:327109 |
| By: | Knudsen, Camilla; Moura, Fernanda Senra de; Bucker, Joris Joseph Johannes Hendrik; Mealy, Penelope Ann |
| Abstract: | The labor market is undergoing major changes driven by technological, economic, and demographic factors. Climate change and climate action are contributing to these shifts, driving growth in some sectors while causing decline in others. In the context of the green transition, the overall impact on employment is expected to be neutral or net positive. However, labor market frictions can hinder workers from transitioning out of declining sectors or into growing ones, posing significant development challenges. These bottlenecks can slow down the pace of the green transition and lead to adverse outcomes for workers who are unable to find suitable alternative employment, resulting in negative impacts at both the micro and macroeconomic levels. This paper proposes a framework that classifies labor market frictions along five dimensions: what workers do, where workers are, when workers are available, who workers are, and why people work. Frictions arise when there is a misalignment between labor supply and labor demand in any of these dimensions. Within the framework, these misalignments are categorized as skill-, spatial-, temporal-, norm-, or preference-related mismatches, respectively. Drawing on insights from World Bank analyses, the paper further identifies potential solutions to address each friction, providing guidance for policymakers to facilitate smoother workforce transitions and maximize macroeconomic benefits from the green transition. Although developed in the context of the green transition, the framework can be generalized to other economic shocks and transformations. |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11224 |
| By: | Lenders, Marc |
| JEL: | H21 H41 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325437 |
| By: | Annick Vignes (CAMS - Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel) |
| Abstract: | The article analyzes agricultural crises, highlighting their specific nature: beyond classic economic mechanisms, they directly affect food security and sovereignty, often triggering social and political tensions. Their causes include climate shocks, animal and plant diseases, global price fluctuations, rising input costs, and structural issues such as rural exodus, aging farmers, and soil degradation. Historically, agricultural crises have alternated between overproduction (price collapse, bankruptcies, waste) and underproduction (famine, malnutrition). Industrialization and mechanization boosted productivity but also increased dependence on capital and global markets, leaving many producers vulnerable. The current crisis (2023–2024) is part of a broader European wave of farmers' mobilizations. Their demands concern low incomes, heavy taxation, unfair competition, the burden of environmental regulations, and a call for recognition. This crisis is as much moral and cultural as economic, reflecting the end of the post-war productivist model. Price support policies, such as the CAP's guaranteed prices, once secured farmers' income and boosted production, but led to costly and environmentally damaging overproduction. Today, the proposal of minimum prices re-emerges, but raises concerns about competitiveness, consumer costs, and perverse effects. Alternative solutions include targeted subsidies, quality-based regulation, and support for agroecological transition. In conclusion, today's agricultural crisis is systemic—economic, climatic, social, and cultural. It signals the end of a cycle and an opportunity to reinvent a sustainable agricultural model that reconciles food security, social justice, and ecological transition. |
| Abstract: | L'article analyse les crises agricoles en soulignant leur spécificité : au-delà des mécanismes économiques classiques, elles touchent à la sécurité et à la souveraineté alimentaires, pouvant provoquer des tensions sociales et politiques. Elles résultent d'aléas climatiques, de maladies, de fluctuations des prix mondiaux, de la hausse des intrants ou de difficultés structurelles (exode rural, vieillissement, dégradation des sols). Historiquement, les crises agricoles alternent entre surproduction (chute des prix, faillites, gaspillage) et sous-production (famine, malnutrition). L'industrialisation et la mécanisation ont accru la productivité mais aussi la dépendance au capital et aux marchés mondiaux, fragilisant de nombreux producteurs. La crise actuelle (2023-2024) s'inscrit dans un contexte européen marqué par des mobilisations d'agriculteurs. Leurs revendications portent sur la faiblesse des revenus, le poids fiscal, la concurrence jugée déloyale, l'empilement des normes environnementales et un besoin de reconnaissance. La crise est autant économique que morale et culturelle, traduisant la fin d'un modèle productiviste hérité d'après-guerre. Les politiques de soutien aux prix, comme les prix garantis de la PAC, ont permis dans le passé de sécuriser les revenus et d'augmenter la production, mais au prix d'une surproduction coûteuse et écologiquement néfaste. Aujourd'hui, l'idée de prix planchers réapparaît, mais suscite de vifs débats sur la compétitivité, l'impact sur les consommateurs et les risques d'effets pervers. Des solutions alternatives sont envisagées : subventions ciblées, régulation par la qualité et accompagnement de la transition agroécologique. En conclusion, la crise agricole actuelle est systémique – économique, climatique, sociale et culturelle. Elle marque la fin d'un cycle et ouvre une opportunité pour réinventer un modèle agricole durable, conciliant sécurité alimentaire, justice sociale et transition écologique. |
| Keywords: | Marchés agricoles, Crise agricole, prix agricoles, Transition agroécologique, industrialisation |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05281779 |
| By: | Abuzayed, A.; Pollitt, M. G.; Liebensteiner, M.; Hochgreb, S. |
| Abstract: | Retrofitting gas-fired power plants to accommodate low-carbon fuel blends offers a promising pathway to achieving deep decarbonization while leveraging the existing infrastructure and maintaining electricity supply reliability. This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic assessment of low-carbon fuel options for decarbonizing combined cycle gas turbines (CCGTs), evaluating both fuel switching and blending strategies using green hydrogen, green ammonia, and biomethane. We estimate capital investment requirements for retrofitting existing fleets and building new CCGT capacity in Germany and the UK, featuring a case study case of retrofitting a relatively new CCGT power plant (Keadby2 in the UK). Our findings reveal that retrofitting increases the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by about 6–13 €/MWh, with storage infrastructure representing a key cost driver. Fuel blending enhances operational flexibility but raises retrofitting costs. Biomethane emerges as the most cost-effective option due to its compatibility with existing infrastructure and negligible retrofitting needs, potentially cutting capital investments by up to €16.5 and €12 billion in Germany and the UK, respectively. However, even under the most favorable conditions, the marginal cost of electricity using low-carbon fuels exceeds 120 €/MWh, leaving natural gas more competitive at current market conditions. Strategic retrofitting decisions must be pursued selectively, considering plant age, proximity to fuel supply, and storage infrastructure. Policy frameworks ensuring simultaneous supply and infrastructure development are critical to realizing the potential of fuel blending and retrofitting strategies. |
| Keywords: | Deep Decarbonization, Low-Carbon Fuels, Fuel-Blending, Combined-Cycle Gas Turbines (CCGT) |
| JEL: | Q42 Q48 |
| Date: | 2025–09–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:2557 |
| By: | Semik, Sofia |
| JEL: | E52 H23 Q43 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325397 |
| By: | Hakenes, Hendrik; Schliephake, Eva |
| JEL: | D62 D64 G30 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325389 |
| By: | Abeeb Olaniran (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa); Xin Sheng (Lord Ashcroft International Business School, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom); Oguzhan Cepni (Ostim Technical University, Ankara, Turkiye; University of Edinburgh Business School, Centre for Business, Climate Change, and Sustainability; Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark); Rangan Gupta (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa) |
| Abstract: | Using a US state-level climate risk measure and the local projections (LP) framework, this study analyzes both linear and asymmetric effects of climate shocks on unemployment claims. The results provide strong evidence that climate shocks significantly increase both initial and continuing claims, with the linear estimates showing a stronger impact on initial claims. In the nonlinear framework, where climate risk and economic condition indices are used as regime-switching variables, we also find asymmetric effects of climate shocks across both types of claims. Specifically, climate shocks exert stronger pressure on initial claims under high-climate-risk regimes, while continuing claims respond more under low-risk regimes. When the economic condition index is applied as a regime-dependent variable, climate shocks are more influential during expansions than during recessions, when claims are already elevated and labor markets are slack. Overall, the findings highlight that climate shocks affect labor markets in complex, state-dependent ways, offering valuable insights for policymakers aiming to design effective mitigation strategies and enhance labor market resilience. |
| Keywords: | Climate shocks, Linear and Non-Linear frameworks, Unemployment |
| JEL: | C23 E24 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pre:wpaper:202536 |
| By: | Kapoor, Shreya; Sma, Abdelkarim; Pathak, Himanshu; Pradhan, Mamata |
| Abstract: | Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is pivotal in combating the impacts of climate change on global agriculture and food security. It has increasingly gained prominence as an adaptation strategy against the adverse impacts of climate change on agriculture, particularly in South Asia. However, scaling up the adoption of CSA interventions becomes critical, due to predominantly small and marginal nature of landholdings in the region, various institutional and policy constraints, and trade regulations and barriers. Another significant challenge lies in categorizing and prioritizing the multitude of technologies considered to be climate smart. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the different CSA technologies within the socio-economic context of six South Asian countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, with the main objective of proioritization and scaling-up of these methods. The study begins by compiling an inventory of existing technologies and subsequently prioritizing them by using the World Bank (WB) CSA Technology Index. Secondly, the study tries to address the key challenges and propose policy measures to upscale the adoption of CSA technologies in these countries using participatory research conducted with the key stakeholders in these countries. The participatory research provided valuable insights, revealing critical policy and institutional barriers, and providing a basis for framing strategies and policy solutions to facilitate wider adoption of CSA technologies in the region. |
| Keywords: | climate change; climate-smart agriculture; prioritization; scaling up; Bangladesh; Bhutan; India; Nepal; Pakistan; Sri Lanka; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–10–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:155261 |
| By: | Pal, Barun Deb; Kapoor, Shreya; Rashid, Shahidur |
| Abstract: | Salt water intrusion and rising soil salnity are threatening food and livelihood security of paddy farmers in coastal Bangladesh. Visible manifestations of these challenges are degraded soils and chronic decline in tradtional farming, as it is becoming an increasingly infeasible means of livelihood. Promoting saline-tolerant paddy varieties (STRV) has been one of the major focuses of the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) and the attention to the problem has been intensified in recent years through a partnerhsip with a consortium of CGIAR centers. Howewer, robust empirical analysis has hitherto been limited. Using farm level data, this paper analyzes the determinants and impacts of the adopting these new varieties. We use a multi-variate logit model to identify the constraints to adoption, and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Endogeneous Switching Regression methods to assess the impacts on yeilds, and net income of the paddy farmers. Results show that adopting saline-tolerant rice varieties raises crop yield by an average of 1 to 2 tons per hectare, equivalent to a net income increase of about US$100 per hectare of cultivated land. Yet, adoption rates remain low due to several institutional constraints and perhaps a lack of nudging farmers in the scaling up strategies. Robustness of the results are tested, and the implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | climate change adaptation; impact; livelihoods; saltwater intrusion; rice; seeds; soil; technology adoption; Bangladesh; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–11–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:159540 |
| By: | Monica Bonacina (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Università degli Studi di Milano); Mert Demir (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Antonio Sileo (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, GREEN – Università Bocconi); Angela Zanoni (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Research Institute for Sustainable Economic Growth – National Research Council) |
| Abstract: | The transition to a zero-emission vehicle fleet represents a pivotal element of Europe’s decarbonization strategy, with Italy’s participation being particularly significant given the size of its automotive market. This study investigates the potential for battery electric cars (BEVs) to drive decarbonization of Italy’s passenger vehicle fleet, focusing on the feasibility of targets set in the National Integrated Plan for Energy and Climate (PNIEC). Leveraging artificial neural networks, we integrate macroeconomic indicators, market-specific variables, and policy instruments to predict fleet dynamics and identify key factors influencing BEV adoption. We forecast that while BEV registrations will continue growing through 2030, the growth rate is projected to decelerate, presenting challenges for meeting ambitious policy targets. Our feature importance analysis demonstrates that BEV adoption is driven by an interconnected set of economic, infrastructural, and behavioral factors. Specifically, our model highlights that hybrid vehicle registrations and the vehicle purchase index exert the strongest influence on BEV registrations, suggesting that policy interventions should prioritize these areas to maximize impact. By offering data-driven insights and methodological innovations, our findings contribute to more effective policy design for accelerating sustainable mobility adoption while accounting for market realities and consumer behavior. |
| Keywords: | sustainable mobility, electric vehicle, neural networks, shap interpretation |
| JEL: | N74 Q55 Q58 R40 C45 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.16 |
| By: | Leight, Jessica; Bahiru, Kibret Mamo; Buehren, Niklas; Getahun, Tigabu; Gilligan, Daniel O.; Mulford, Michael; Tambet, Heleene |
| Abstract: | Sustainable land management (SLM) technologies including composting and agro-forestry are widely promoted as strategies to counter land degradation and enhance resilience against adverse weather shocks. Given that women are disproportionately vulnerable to such shocks, promoting their uptake of these technologies may be particularly important. We conducted a randomized trial in rural Ethiopia analyzing a bundled intervention providing training and inputs designed to encourage uptake of three interrelated SLM technologies: fruit tree planting, composting, and home gardening. The trial included 1900 extremely poor households in 95 subdistricts, randomly assigned to treatment arms in which women only or couples were included in the intervention. The findings one year post-baseline suggest a positive and large effect on take-up of all three technologies: the probability of reporting any trees increased by eight percentage points, and the probability of reporting a garden and/or composting increased by 20 to 30 percentage points, symmetrically across treatment arms. There are also significant reported increases in household vegetable production and consumption as well as in women’s dietary diversity. There is, however, some evidence that tree survival rates and tree health are weakly lower in intervention households compared to control households who spontaneously planted trees. Some positive effects on equitable intrahousehold decision-making and task-sharing are observed, especially in the couples’ training arm, but in general there is no robust evidence that either intervention significantly shifted intrahousehold gender dynamics. |
| Keywords: | climate change; land management; gender; social protection; sustainable land management; Ethiopia; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168513 |
| By: | Hüppauff, Jakob; Job, Hubert; Meyer, Constantin; Lintzmeyer, Florian; Obkircher, Stefan; Proidl, Catarina; Pütz, Marco; Schoßleitner, Richard; Salchner, Günter; Ströbel, Kerstin; Weizenegger, Sabine |
| Abstract: | Der Alpenraum steht vor besonderen Herausforderungen, die internationalen Ziele des Globalen Biodiversitätsrahmens sowie der EU-Verordnung über die Wiederherstellung der Natur ("Nature Restoration Law") umzusetzen. Neben etablierten Bestandteilen räumlicher Planungsdokumente, wie etwa zum Landschaftsschutz oder der Naherholungsvorsorge, drängen ökologische Belange stärker in den Vordergrund. Das Positionspapier aus der länderübergreifenden Arbeitsgruppe des ARL-Forums Bayern versteht das multifunktionale Konzept der "Grünen Infrastruktur" als gewinnbringenden Zugang, um im Alpenraum eine stärkere Koordinationsrolle der räumlichen Planung für freiraumbezogene Planungen und Maßnahmen zu fordern. Denn bislang fallen sie in die Zuständigkeiten verschiedenster Fachressorts und werden oftmals thematisch isoliert betrachtet und behandelt. Gleichzeitig soll damit auch die Akzeptanz staatlicher Nachhaltigkeitsziele sowie der effektive Einsatz öffentlicher Mittel gefördert werden. Das Positionspapier skizziert die Vision eines leistungsfähigen Netzwerks Grüner Infrastruktur im Alpenraum, welches vor allem die ökologische Vernetzung stärkt und sich auf eine rahmengebende Sicherung durch die Raumplanung stützt. Um dies zu erreichen, werden Handlungsempfehlungen bezüglich der Stärkung des rechtlichen Rahmens, der Eignung von Planungsinstrumenten, der Förderung und Finanzierung von Maßnahmen zur Umsetzung der Grünen Infrastruktur, der Stärkung der ressortübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit sowie der Mobilisierung gesellschaftlicher Akteurinnen und Akteure formuliert. |
| Abstract: | The Alpine region faces particular challenges in implementing the international targets of the Global Biodiversity Framework and the EU Nature Restoration Law. In addition to established components of spatial planning documents, such as landscape protection or local recreation provision, ecological concerns coming more in the fore. The position paper from the cross-border working group of the ARL Forum Bavaria considers the multifunctional concept of 'green infrastructure' to be a profitable approach for promoting a stronger coordinating role for spatial planning in the northern Alpine region with regard to open space-related planning and measures. So far, they have fallen under the responsibility of a wide range of specialist departments and are often considered and treated thematically in isolation. At the same time, this is also intended to promote acceptance of government sustainability goals and the effective use of public funds. The position paper outlines a vision of an efficient green infrastructure network in the Alpine region, which above all strengthens ecological connectivity and is based on a framework provided by spatial planning. In order to achieve this, recommendations for action are formulated regarding strengthening the legal framework, the suitability of planning instruments, the promotion and financing of measures to implement green infrastructure, the strengthening of interdepartmental cooperation and the mobilisation of civil social actors. |
| Keywords: | Grüne Infrastruktur, Raumordnung, Alpen, Freiraum, ressortübergreifende Zusammenarbeit, ökologische Konnektivität, Green Infrastructure, Spatial planning, Alpine region, Open space, Intersectoral cooperation, Ecological connectivity |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:arlpos:327122 |
| By: | Ayalew, Hailemariam; Berhane, Guush; Wondale, Meseret; Breisinger, Clemens |
| Abstract: | The recent surge in violent conflicts, intertwined with climate-induced drought risks, is jeopardizing decades of development progress in many low- and middle-income countries. This study investigates the compounded effects of armed conflicts and climate-induced disruptions on agricultural input use in Ethiopia, a country experiencing significant fragility due to both factors. Using a unique household- and plot-level panel dataset collected before (2019) and after (2023) the onset of a widespread conflict, we examine how these disruptions affect the use of key agricultural inputs, such as inorganic fertilizers, improved seeds, agrochemicals, compost, and manure. The analysis reveals that exposure to conflict significantly reduces the likelihood of using both inorganic and organic inputs. Conflict-affected households are 9 percentage points less likely to use both inorganic fertilizers and improved seeds, and 14 percentage points less likely to use organic fertilizers, such as compost and manure. Exposure to recurrent rainfall variability by inducing uncertainty of use of inputs further exacerbates these negative impacts, reducing fertilizer use by an additional 3 percent among drought-exposed households. These findings highlight the multifaceted challenges faced by smallholder farmers in fragile settings, where both conflict and environmental stressors undermine agricultural productivity and threaten food security. The study underscores the need for targeted anticipatory (pre-conflict) and resilience building (post-conflict) interventions to support resilience in agricultural practices within conflict-affected regions, particularly those facing climate-induced weather risks. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; armed conflicts; climate change; weather hazards; inputs; Ethiopia; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168640 |
| By: | Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S.; Falk, Thomas; Sanil, Richu; ElDidi, Hagar; Zhang, Wei; Kosec, Katrina; Melesse, Mequanint B.; Duche, Vishwambhar |
| Abstract: | Unsustainable water management is associated with reduced agricultural production and poverty, reduced ecosystem services and resilience, and insufficient and unreliable domestic water access. As a common pool resource with high subtractability and low excludability, water is easily depleted if no effective coordination exists among users to ensure provision and regulate withdrawals. This creates one of the greatest challenges for people living in semi-arid and arid environments. The majority of India’s population is estimated to face physical water scarcity for at least part of the year, with 600 million people living in areas of high to extreme water stress. As water management is highly complex, with many users sharing the same resource but often unknown to each other, stopping overuse is difficult, especially when it is more profitable to irrigate water-consumptive crops than water-conserving crops. Farmers, policymakers, donors, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in India have all articulated the need for more effective tools to improve water management and governance. Coordination and effective management of water resources are crucial to sustain agricultural productivity, but so far progress has been disappointing. Technical tools such as crop water budgeting can play an important role in enabling communities to manage their water resources, but unless communities have the knowledge and motivation to use these tools, their application and impacts are limited. To date, attention to the question of how knowledge about collectively available water is translated into effective management through collective action, norms and rules has been insufficient. Blueprint rules introduced in a top-down manner have not changed water users’ behavior. However, there is strong evidence that effective community rules and their enforcement can motivate such behavior. The better these rules fit the social-ecological context and internalized norms, the more effective they will be. Participatory development approaches have addressed these challenges. The key question is how to promote such coordination, rules, and behavior in a participatory way without external imposition and in a low-cost manner that allows largescale implementation. |
| Keywords: | agricultural production; sustainability; water governance; water management; India; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:othbrf:162988 |
| By: | Kumar, Shalander; Kumar, G. Kishore; Roa, K.P.C. |
| Abstract: | Smallholder agriculture, especially in the global South, is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change; hence, the aim of the Digital Innovation initiative was to equip farmers with actionable weather-based agro advisories to improve farm management and mitigate climate risks. This working paper explores the delivery of contextualized climate information to farmers in Rayagada and Gajapati districts of Odisha. The region is characterized by predominantly rainfed agriculture and high vulnerability to climate variability. The objective was to enhance farmers' resilience by providing tailored climate advisories and understand the dynamics of their decision-making across various farming stages while using agro advisories. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving surveys with 200 farmers across four blocks of two districts and focus group discussions to gather comprehensive insights into their decision-making processes. The study found that 79% of farmers were male, while 21% were female, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive advisories. Decision-making was influenced by a complex interplay of traditional knowledge, market dynamics, climate advisories, and social influences. Digital climate services, such as those offered by ISAT, have shown to be valuable, with 82% of farmers accessing these advisories. Adoption rates varied significantly across different farming activities, with 67% adoption for supporting crop sowing decisions and 69% for crop protection, compared to lower uptake in land preparation (29%) and irrigation (24%). For decisions on crop and cultivar choice, farmers didn’t intend to use the weather-based agro-advisories yet. Probably, advisories based on the seasonal climate forecast needed for decisions on crop and cultivar choices in the past either were not available or less reliable, resulting in the reluctance of farmers to use such advisories. The findings suggest that climate advisory services should be more localized, culturally sensitive, and integrated with traditional practices to address farmers' diverse needs effectively. By bridging the gap between modern advisory systems and traditional wisdom, these integrated services have the potential to enhance farm-level resilience and contribute meaningfully to the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Odisha. |
| Keywords: | digital innovation; Information and Communication Technologies; crop management; India |
| Date: | 2024–11–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:163043 |
| By: | Eissler, Sarah; Heckert, Jessica |
| Abstract: | We present findings from a qualitative study conducted as part of an impact assessment of the Programme to Reduce Vulnerability in Coastal Fishing Areas (PRAREV) , supported by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and implemented from 2013 to 2021. This study was designed to focus solely on the gender aspects of PRAREV, which overall aimed to support fishing communities and actors in the fishing sector in Djibouti, specifically those living in rural coastal areas affected by climate change, by reducing their vulnerability to the effects of climate change and promote co-management of marine resources. The program targeted those who are poor and who rely on fishing, particularly women involved in fish processing and marketing. The qualitative findings shared in this paper complement findings from an accompanying quantitative study, which found positive effects of the program on incomes, production, women’s influence on decisions, and food security, but not on resilience or nutritional status. We used multiple qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with program staff and men and women leaders and members of fishing organizations to examine the following research questions focused on the gender component of the program: 1) How the program was delivered from multiple perspectives; 2) How the program strengthened the fishers’ and fishmonger associations; and 3) The benefits and costs of the program in the areas of climate change resilience, livelihoods, and changes in the fishing sector. While PRAREV aimed to take a gender-sensitive approach, the gender strategy and its delivery could have been improved. PRAREV mainly reached women by intentionally including women fishing organizations so that they could benefit from access to collective resources, training, and knowledge. PRAREV trainings often were not communicated to women members of fishing organizations, which led to women’s relative exclusion compared to men members. However, participants shared both positive and negative feedback on the PRAREV program. They generally agreed that when delivered, the trainings were well received and increased knowledge and awareness of climate change and knowledge of upgrading techniques in the fishing sector. The climate change trainings developed awareness about the drivers of climate change and taught best practices on the preservation of local marine resources. However, these trainings did not address adaptation to depleted fish populations in mangroves or reefs. Other trainings focused on value chain upgrading were well received and when delivered, increased relevant knowledge. However, their reach was limited, particularly among women fishing organization members. Finally, PRAREV provided organizations key resources for value chain upgrading and integration in the fishing sector in a way that preserved the local marine environment (e.g., boats, knives, fishing wires, nets). While fishing organization members spoke positively of these resources, there were challenges in delivering them. They were delivered late in the project, often without training or a sustainability plan, or were often not delivered as promised, creating frustration and tension among group members. They were also often delivered in smaller quantities than originally communicated and as such, the recipient fishing organizations limited their use. Overall, group members felt there was limited transparency in delivering these resources. Based on these findings, we share recommendations for PRAREV and similar programs. We suggest conducting formative research on the local fishing sector to identify how men and women want to participate and the key barriers they face in doing so. With respect to resource provision, programs should provide resources earlier and should deliver them with a sustainability plan that has community buy in. Implementers should aim to understand how groups could make use of high-value common property to enable transparency and sustainability. Trainings should also be tailored to the local context and be more in-depth. Importantly, program staff should ensure that all intended beneficiaries, especially women, are invited and able to participate in program trainings so that all members can benefit from the knowledge, awareness, and skill building gained at each training event. Programs should implement a more robust monitoring plan to ensure resources are adequately used and equitably distributed, and that all intended beneficiary groups benefit equitably. Finally, although PRAREV was designed to undertake a gender-sensitive approach, further refinement of this approach could likely improve program delivery and impact. A gender accommodative approach would have supported and empowered women from within the traditional gender roles that they feel more comfortable with to participate and upgrade in their respective fishing activities. |
| Keywords: | fishing; gender; vulnerability; women's empowerment; Djibouti; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–10–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:155277 |
| By: | Federico Fabio Frattini (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Francesco Vona (University of Milan and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Filippo Bontadini (Luiss University and SPRU - University of Sussex); Italo Colantone (Bocconi University, GREEN Research Center, Baffi Research Centre, CESifo and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei) |
| Abstract: | What are the job multipliers of the green industrialization? We tackle this question within EU regions over the period 2003-2017, building a novel measure of green manufacturing penetration that combines green production and regional employment data. We estimate local job multipliers of green penetration in a long-difference model, using a shift-share instrument that exploits plausibly exogenous changes in non-EU green innovation. We find that a 3-years change in green penetration per worker increases the employment-to-active population ratio by 0.11 pp. The effect is: persistent both in manufacturing and outside manufacturing; halved by agglomeration effects that increase the labour market tightness; stronger for workers with high and low-education; and present also in regions specialized in polluting industries. When focusing on large shocks in a staggered DiD design, we find ten times larger effects, particularly in earlier periods. |
| Keywords: | Green industrialisation, Local job multipliers, Employment effects of the green transition, Shift-share IV design, Difference-in-differences |
| JEL: | J21 O14 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.13 |
| By: | Aragie, Emerta A.; Thurlow, James |
| Abstract: | Climate and weather shocks pose significant threats to crop-livestock systems, leading to economic losses and humanitarian crises. Utilizing a modeling framework that innovatively integrates the crop and livestock systems, this study examines the interactions and dynamic adjustments within these systems following weather shocks, using Ethiopia as a case study. We also evaluate the effectiveness of various adaptation strategies in sustaining farm incomes, food security, and welfare. Results show unique effects on the crop and livestock sectors resulting from a joint shock on the two systems. While food crops experience a strong and immediate growth effect that fades quickly, the livestock sector faces the full impact of the shock a year later, with the effect persisting to some degree. We also find diverging economic and livestock system adjustment trajectories from the separate shocks to the crop and livestock systems. Further, the intervention options analyzed show contrasting impacts on various outcome indications, with only the resilient crop intervention causing sector-indifferent impacts. Our findings emphasize the importance of proactive measures to enhance the resilience of crop-livestock systems, with implications for policy and practice aimed at safeguarding food security and livelihoods in semi-subsistence economies. |
| Keywords: | crops; economics; livestock; weather; Ethiopia; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–09–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:152379 |
| By: | Wozny, Florian |
| JEL: | H22 L13 Q52 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325370 |
| By: | Weiß, Maximilian; Dietrich, Alexander M.; Müller, Gernot J. |
| JEL: | G51 Q54 E44 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325455 |
| By: | Narayanan, Sudha; Raghunathan, Kalyani; Gautam, Aditi |
| Abstract: | Despite significant improvements in poverty and standard of living over the last two decades, India continues to face challenges, including slow improvements in health and nutrition indicators and in aspects of women’s empowerment and in generating opportunities for sustainable livelihoods. At the same time, climate-related events are increasing in frequency with associated risks. Women and other marginalized populations are often at greater risk from these events due to their relatively lower access to resources, lower mobility and greater dependence on common property resources. Social protection can be an effective instrument to promote resilience. One such large social protection program with significant potential is India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, or the MGNREGA, one of the largest public works programs in the world. This report provides insights from four case studies linked to the MGNREGA and implemented under the Indo-German Enhancing Rural Resilience through Appropriate Development Actions, or ERADA project. ERADA was implemented in 8 blocks of 4 large Indian states, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Jharkhand. The ERADA project had three broad objectives - of enhancing natural capital, green recovery through green enterprises, and convergence of resources and networks - and identified the MGNREGA as a critical social safety net on which to base its activities. While much has been written on the impact of the MGNREGA on “first-order” outcomes such as wages, employment, rural-urban distress migration and other household welfare outcomes, we know considerably less about the use of the assets created under the program, and even less about the potential of these assets to support and sustain value chain activities. |
| Keywords: | public works; sustainability; resilience; livelihoods; social protection; value chains; India; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:169341 |
| By: | Kane, Papa Abdoulaye; Barry, Mamadou Bobo; Eissler, Sarah; Tall, Thiané; Camara, Astou Diao; Sall, Moussa; Fass, Simone; Bryan, Elizabeth; Ringler, Claudia |
| Abstract: | Goats are an important source of income, nutrition and resilience in Senegal. This study assesses opportunities to strengthen women’s agency, increase resilience to climate change, and improve nutrition along the various stages of goat value chains from the acquisition of feed resources and other inputs to processing, marketing and consumption of various goat products. The qualitative study finds that even though goats are more climate resilient than other livestock, climate change impacts on goat production and productivity are increasingly felt, particularly through impacts on feed resources. The study identified opportunities to strengthen women’s roles along the goat value chain, particularly in goat production and, to a lesser extent, in processing of goat products. Women and their families also benefit from the consumption of goat milk and women have some degree of control over income from the sale of goat products. Strengthening women’s agency in these nutrient-rich and relatively climate-resilient value chains will require improving their access to land resources and better animal feeds, supporting women’s groups and building women’s capacity for processing and marketing goat products, improving access to electricity for cold storage of goat products, and raising awareness regarding the nutritional benefits of goat products, especially for women and children. |
| Keywords: | climate change; goats; nutrition; climate resilience; value chains; women’s empowerment; gender; Senegal; Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2024–09–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:152294 |
| By: | Burger, Maximilian Nicolaus; Nilgen, Marco; Vollan, Björn |
| Abstract: | Citizens’ Juries (CJs) are increasingly implemented as a means to engage citizens in deliberation on complex policy challenges, yet their effectiveness can be undermined by cognitive biases and limited value-driven reasoning. This study evaluates the impact of bias alleviation and value activation exercises on deliberative quality and civic engagement in four CJs conducted in Bogotá, Colombia. Two juries incorporated these exercises as treatment interventions, and two served as controls with extended deliberation time. Results reveal that deliberation itself modestly reduced confirmation bias compared to non-participants, while the structured interventions enhanced participants’ awareness of biases and value-based reasoning. However, the interventions did not significantly reduce the occurrence of biases and led to a perceived trade-off with deliberation time. Participation in CJs also showed improved trust in science and political self-efficacy, demonstrating their potential to foster civic engagement. These findings highlight the nuanced benefits and limitations of integrating debiasing interventions into mini-publics to enhance deliberative quality and equity in policymaking. |
| Keywords: | democracy; environmental economics; food systems; participatory research; public participation; sustainability; Colombia; Americas; South America |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:169372 |
| By: | Khakimov, Parviz; Ashurov, Timur; Goibov, Manuchehr; Aliev, Jovidon |
| Abstract: | This study examines the growth and challenges in Tajikistan’s agriculture sector, highlighting its role as a key driver of the country’s development despite significant constraints and challenges, including inputs scarcity and climate change. The agriculture sector has seen an increase in gross outputs and sectoral value added, contributing to domestic needs due to population and income growth. However, Tajikistan still has the lowest agricultural value added per worker in Central Asia and remains a net importer of agrifood products, primarily due to the underdevelopment of the food processing sector. Key growth drivers include sectoral reforms, shifts in land allocation, and government incentives. Despite these efforts, regional disparities in productivity persist, and access to inputs such as fertilizers and mechanization remains limited. The paper emphasizes the need for improved access to finance, agricultural inputs, and extension services to ensure sustainable development and food security. Recommendations include enhancing the capacity of national agricultural research and development institutions, promoting climate-smart agriculture, and improving water and irrigation management. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of developing the livestock sector through improved feeding, breeding, and veterinary services. Overall, a comprehensive approach addressing policy, institutional, economic, and technological gaps is crucial for the sustainable advancement of Tajikistan’s agriculture sector. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; development; policy analysis; reforms; Tajikistan; Asia; Central Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168997 |
| By: | Adeyanju, Dolapo; Amare, Mulubrhan; Andam, Kwaw S.; Bamiwuye, Temilolu; Gelli, Aulo; Idowu, Ifetayo |
| Abstract: | This paper examines Nigeria’s Home-Grown School Feeding Program (HGSFP), an initiative that enhances traditional school feeding by supporting local agriculture. Operating across federal, state, and school levels, the HGSFP sources meals from local smallholder farmers, aiming to stimulate rural economies and improve food security. The program creates demand for locally grown food, encouraging farmers to increase productivity and adopt sustainable practices while providing them with stable income. The HGSFP has successfully expanded its impact beyond students to benefit farmers, communities, and local businesses; despite these achievements, the program still faces challenges including funding constraints, logistical issues, and monitoring difficulties. By analyzing successful implementations in other countries that are characterized by strong government support, well-developed supply chains, and active community participation, the paper offers insights for improvement. The discussion concludes with evidence-based recommendations for policymakers and program administrators. These suggestions aim to enhance the HGSFP’s effectiveness, efficiency, and long-term sustainability, ultimately contributing to Nigeria’s broader agricultural and economic development goals. |
| Keywords: | school feeding; efficiency; sustainability; agricultural development; Nigeria; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2024–10–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:158431 |
| By: | Mukashov, Askar; Warner, James; Jones, Eleanor; Thurlow, James |
| Abstract: | This study explores Rwanda’s vulnerability to economic shocks and identifies those contributing most to economic uncertainty. The Rwandan Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model was employed to simulate a range of potential economic outcomes under various sampled shock scenarios developed using historical data to capture domestic agricultural yield volatilities and world market prices uncertainty for traded goods. Data mining and machine learning methods were applied to quantify the contribution of each shock to the uncertainty of economic outcomes (gross domestic product [GDP], private consumption, poverty, and undernourishment). Key findings suggest that domestic root and cereal yield volatility risks are the most important for GDP, poverty, and undernourishment outcomes, while external factors like world energy prices pose the most significant risks to high-income households’ consumption. Understanding how possible shocks would impact various segments of the Rwandan economy and population is a critical first step in facilitating discussions on relevant risk mitigation strategies, such as increasing average crop yields, adopting technologies and practices that narrow yield uncertainties, or diversifying production away from risky crops and sectors. |
| Keywords: | risk assessment; climate; shock; economic shock; market prices; computable general equilibrium models; machine learning; agriculture; crop yield; Rwanda; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ewracb:168183 |
| By: | Gazze, Ludovica (University of Warwick); Gupta, Tanu; Huang, Allen (Weiyi); Londoño, Valentina; Saavedra, Santiago; Toma, Mattie (University of Warwick) |
| Abstract: | There is limited evidence on the non-health impacts of air pollution, including productivity in the workplace and behavior. We examine the effect of air pollution on participation, collaboration, and feedback provision in a workplace setting. Our experiment randomly assigns air purifiers to rooms at three large academic conferences to investigate the causal impact of air pollution on participants’ engagement behavior. We construct a participant engagement index based on 12 presentation-level behavioral outcomes directly measured by conference observers through an online form and weigh each behavioral outcome using weights elicited from an expert survey. Conference rooms treated with air purifiers exhibit 48% less PM2.5 concentration compared to control rooms. However, we do not find a statistically significant change in engagement. Communication in the workplace might not be a large driver of the empirical relationship between air quality and productivity, albeit more research is needed across workplaces and measures of communication. |
| Keywords: | Indoor air quality ; Engagement ; Workplace ; Field Experiment JEL Codes: Q53 ; J24 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wrk:warwec:1579 |
| By: | Ragasa, Catherine; Kyle, Jordan; Yasmin, Sabina; Pande, Harshita; Sharma, Aanshi; Basu, Sampurna; Najjar, Dina |
| Abstract: | Women’s equal participation and leadership in political and public life can boost a country’s long-term economic growth, foster social inclusion, and help countries reach the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Beyond these important outcomes, women’s inclusion in public life is a basic human right: Women deserve a role in making decisions, controlling resources, and shaping policies. Despite the importance of women’s voices and their empowerment in policy and decision-making processes, available metrics show that women’s policy and political empowerment remains low. Moreover, these metrics are inadequate in systematically tracking women’s voices and empowerment across different levels of decision-making. IFPRI developed an assessment framework—Women’s Empowerment in Agrifood Governance (WEAGov)—to assess women’s voices and empowerment in national policy processes in agrifood systems. This paper presents results from the pilot testing of WEAGov in India from January to March 2024. In this paper, we present how the WEAGov tool works in the Indian context, analyze trends in the data that we collected during the pilot, and provide an overview of the status of women’s voices and empowerment in the agrifood policy process as of March 2024. The pilot testing in India provides useful lessons on improving the measurement of these outcomes and offers valuable policy insights on critical entry points for increasing women’s voices and empowerment in the national agrifood policy process, design, implementation, and evaluation. |
| Keywords: | women's empowerment; gender; agrifood systems; governance; policies; measurement; India; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168968 |
| By: | Mukashov, Askar; Duchoslav, Jan; Kankwamba, Henry; Jones, Eleanor; Thurlow, James |
| Abstract: | This study explores Malawi’s vulnerability to economic shocks and identifies those contributing most to economic uncertainty. The Malawian Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model was employed to simulate a range of potential economic outcomes under various sampled shock scenarios developed using historical data to capture domestic agricultural yield volatilities and world market prices uncertainty for traded goods. Data mining and ma-chine learning methods were applied to quantify the contribution of each shock to the uncertainty of economic outcomes (gross domestic product [GDP], private consumption, poverty, and undernourishment). Key findings sug-gest that domestic cereals and oilseeds yield volatility risks are the most important for the uncertainty of total GDP and consumption across all household types except rural low-income households. Rural low-income households’ consumption and poverty are exposed to a wide range of risks, including production volatility of livestock, yield volatility of oilseeds, cereals, vegetables and world market price of beverage crops. Finally, for undernourishment outcomes, volatility in the yields of staple cereals is the dominant risk factor for all household types. Understanding how possible shocks would impact various segments of the Malawian economy and population is a critical first step in facilitating discussions on relevant risk mitigation strategies, such as increasing average crop yields, adopting technologies and practices that narrow yield uncertainties, or diversifying production away from risky crops and sectors. |
| Keywords: | shock; economic shock; computable general equilibrium models; agriculture; market prices; poverty; nutrition; crop yield; machine learning; climate; Malawi; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ewracb:168174 |
| By: | Jan Behringer (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK)); Lukas Endres (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK)); Maike Korsinnek (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK)) |
| Abstract: | We examine how perceptions about the costs of carbon pricing affect policy acceptance. Using a representative sample of the German population, we conduct experiments that provide randomly selected respondents with personalized information about their costs at the current carbon price or a higher future price. Participants tend to overestimate their current costs and increase their carbon price acceptance when receiving cost information. In contrast, respondents underestimate future costs and reduce their support once they learn about actual costs. This underscores the importance of personalized information in fostering current support for carbon pricing, while cautioning against potential backlash as prices rise. |
| Keywords: | Carbon pricing, policy acceptance, perceptions, experiment |
| JEL: | D12 D83 H23 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imk:wpaper:226-2025 |
| By: | Mukashov, Askar; Thurlow, James; Dorosh, Paul A.; Jones, Eleanor |
| Abstract: | This study explores Nepal’s vulnerability to economic shocks and identifies those contributing most to economic uncertainty. Our analysis is based on an empirically based estimation of the probability distribution of these shocks and a machine learning summary of several thousand simulations of their impacts using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model for Nepal. In this way, we are able to quantify the contribution of each shock to the uncer-tainty of economic outcomes (gross domestic product [GDP], private consumption, poverty, and undernourishment). Our findings indicate that, given the very high import intensity of the economy, world market price and foreign exchange (FX) flow volatility have the largest impact on household welfare (consumption, poverty and undernour-ishment). However, domestic yield volatility, especially cereal yield volatility, is the most important risk to Nepal’s GDP. However, Overall, these findings suggest that risk mitigation strategies, such as increasing average crop yields, adopting technologies and practices that narrow yield uncertainties, or diversifying production away from risky crops and sectors, can have major benefits for Nepal’s households and the overall economy. |
| Keywords: | risk assessment; climate; shock; economic shock; market prices; computable general equilibrium models; machine learning; agriculture; crop yield; Nepal; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ewracb:168723 |
| By: | Glauber, Joseph W.; Mamun, Abdullah |
| Abstract: | Rice is a major food crop supplying, on average, 516 kcal per capita per day or roughly 17.3% of total calories consumed globally in 2022. Rice production and consumption is concentrated in Asia though rice has grown as an important staple crop outside of Asia. Sub-Saharan Africa currently accounts for 7 percent of global rice consumption but account for over 28 percent of total rice imports. Rice is a thinly traded crop compared to other staples like wheat and maize. Rice imports account for about 10 percent of total consumption today but import penetration is expected to grow to about 11 percent by 2033. India is the world’s largest exporter accounting for about 40 percent of total exports in recent years. Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam and the United States account for an additional 40 percent of world exports. Mid-range projections for the next 10 years suggest that trends in place will likely continue. Yields are assumed to keep pace with global consumption trends. Sub-Saharan Africa will account for a significant share of the overall growth in consumption. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) forecasts that Sub-Saharan Africa will account for 27 percent of the growth in global rice consumption and 47 percent of the growth in global imports over the next 10 years. Climate and government distortions remain the single largest vulnerabilities to the rice market. Because of the large concentration of rice production in South and Southeast Asia, crop production is vulnerable to El Niño and other climatic events like the Indian Ocean Dipole which can bring hot and dry weather and disrupt the monsoon season. Since rice is so thinly traded, market restrictions imposed by one of more of the major exporting countries can cause large price impacts. In 2007/08, export bans affected as much as 80 percent of rice trade which caused global prices to almost triple. In July 2023, India imposed export restrictions fearing that domestic production would be harmed by a developing El Nino event. Global rice prices rose by 30 percent as a result. Importing countries bore much of the brunt of those increases, particularly poorer countries in the rice-importing areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. Other potential vulnerabilities include logistical issues, particularly bottlenecks in the major shipping lanes of Asia. |
| Keywords: | climate; rice; risk; trade; vulnerability |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168523 |
| By: | Mukashov, Askar; Mbuthia, Juneweenex; Omune, Lensa; Jones, Eleanor; Thurlow, James |
| Abstract: | This study explores Kenya’s vulnerability to economic shocks and identifies those contributing most to economic uncertainty. The Kenyan Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model was employed to simulate a range of po-tential economic outcomes under various sampled shock scenarios developed using historical data to capture do-mestic agricultural yield volatilities and world market prices uncertainty for traded goods. Data mining and machine learning methods were applied to quantify the contribution of each shock to the uncertainty of economic outcomes (gross domestic product [GDP], private consumption, poverty, and undernourishment). Key findings suggest that domestic yield volatility is the key risk factor for GDP, urban consumption and poverty, while external risks, partic-ularly world beverage crop prices, are more significant for rural consumption and poverty. As the majority of those below the poverty line are rural farmers, world beverage price volatility is the top risk for national poverty levels. Finally, for undernourishment outcomes, domestic cereal yield volatility is the dominant risk factor for all household types. Understanding how possible shocks would impact various segments of the Kenyan economy and population is a critical first step in facilitating discussions on relevant risk mitigation strategies, such as increasing average crop yields, adopting technologies and practices that narrow yield uncertainties, or diversifying production away from risky crops and sectors. |
| Keywords: | climate; shock; market prices; computable general equilibrium models; agriculture; crop yield; poverty; nutrition; machine learning; risk assessment; Kenya; Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ewracb:168180 |
| By: | Bruns, Daniel; Thomsen, Stephan L. |
| JEL: | Q48 Q51 Q53 R31 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325450 |
| By: | Arega, Tiruwork; Balana, Bedru; Bayissa, Yared; Dile, Yihun T.; Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework; Ringler, Claudia; Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum; Srinivasa, R.; Wondwosen, Abenezer; Worqlul, Abeyou Wale |
| Abstract: | The Ethiopian Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP), launched in 2005 and operating in eight regional states, harmonizes the delivery of donor support to vulnerable populations experiencing chronic food insecurity and shocks. PSNP investments aim to improve food consumption and nutrition, while also protecting and developing assets for sustaining stable access to food. PSNP differentiates two types of beneficiaries: (1) Households with no able-bodied members that receive direct support in the form of cash transfers or in-kind support; and (2) Public work (PW) beneficiaries, who receive payments in exchange for work on various types of productive investments, such as watershed rehabilitation, irrigation, road and other infrastructure. This policy note summarizes results from an assessment of the impacts of PSNP investments supported by USAID’s Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA) in watershed rehabilitation and small-scale irrigation (SSI) on food security, nutrition and resilience in Amhara, Oromia, and Tigray regions of Ethiopia and Dire Dawa City administrative area between 2017 and 2021. The interventions assessed include area closures, SSI, other physical soil and water conservation practices, and overall watershed-level activities. Investments in SSI included construction of river-diversion schemes, lined canals, earthen canals, ponds and rainwater harvesting schemes. As watershed rehabilitation interventions take years to decades to show impacts, two time periods were used in the biophysical assessment: long-term changes, covering the period of 1984 to 2020, as well as short-term changes that specifically covered the period prior and during the USAID BHA program. The assessment combined socioeconomic analysis (quantitative and qualitative), as well as high-resolution remote sensing and biophysical modeling in selected watersheds. Remote sensing and biophysical mod eling provided insights on environmental effects and climate resilience of BHA’s watershed rehabilitation interventions, whereas quantitative and qualitative analyses helped identify the food security, nutrition and resilience impacts of these interventions. Of note, the assessment was undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic and was also substantially affected by civil conflicts in the northern part of the country. This affected both the study design and data access and the implementation of the BHA-supported PSNP PW investments. The results should be seen in this context. |
| Keywords: | shock; investment; sustainability; nutrition; watershed management; irrigation; infrastructure; food security; cash transfers; Ethiopia; Eastern Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Africa |
| Date: | 2024–01–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:othbrf:140292 |
| By: | Lenka Veselovská (Matej Bel University, Faculty of Economics, 5766/16 Dlhé hony, Poprad 058 01, Slovak republic Author-2-Name: Lucia Hudáková Author-2-Workplace-Name: Matej Bel University, Faculty of Economics, 5766/16 Dlhé hony, Poprad 058 01, Slovak republic Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - The focus of the research was to explore how the implementation of an anti-bribery management system (ABMS) can support enterprises' drive towards sustainable development and inspire solutions to the complex social challenge that bribery represents. Methodology - This research aimed to investigate how future managers and business professionals perceive bribery and the tools designed to support bribery prevention, with a particular focus on their impact on sustainable development. Empirical research was selected as the primary method for collecting and analyzing the data. The sample file consisted of 250 business and management university students. It was discovered that university students are aware of bribery as a serious societal problem. Findings - Their views on ABMS were primarily positive. However, most of them were not aware of its potential impacts on sustainable development. The perception of the effects of ABMS on the development of risk management measures was clear; however, students viewed them as insufficient for bribery prevention. Students with more work experience were more inclined to believe that ABMS can positively impact not only the management of organizations, but also sustainable development in societies. Novelty - This research provides a significant contribution to understanding the link between ABMS and sustainability. The positive trend of implementing tools to address societal problems, including the occurrence of bribery, is expected to become dominant soon after the current business and management students fully integrate themselves into the business environment. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Anti-bribery management system; risk management; implementation of anti-bribery measures; sustainable development; university students |
| JEL: | A23 D81 |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber259 |
| By: | Hidrobo, Melissa; Mueller, Valerie; Roy, Shalini; Fall, Cheikh Modou Noreyni; Lavaysse, Christophe; Belli, Anna |
| Abstract: | Weather shocks can affect men and women differently, due in part to differences in their adaptive capacities. We merge weather data with survey data from a randomized control trial of a cash transfer program in Mali to describe how men and women cope with weather shocks and the role of cash transfer programs in supporting adaptive responses. We find that heavy rainfall reduces household’s consumption but that the cash transfer program mitigates these impacts, primarily by allowing households to draw down both men’s and women’s savings, increasing the value of livestock and farming assets held jointly by men and women, and facilitating a reallocation of men’s and women’s labor to livestock production and women’s labor to domestic work. |
| Keywords: | cash transfers; gender; men; rainfall; shock; women; social protection; Mali; Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:163076 |
| By: | David M. Arseneau; Gazi I. Kara |
| Abstract: | This paper uses a large-scale redrawing of flood zone maps for the City of New Orleans in 2016 to identify how banks respond to changes in perceived flood risk in residential mortgage origination. Using geo-coding, we separate loan-level data on mortgage originations into treatment versus control groups based on how individual properties were affected by the map changes. We find banks charged interest rates that were roughly 6 basis points higher for mortgages on treated properties that were removed from the special floods zones as a result of the map changes. In addition, lower loan-to-value ratios for mortgages on these properties suggest that banks also required higher downpayments. Both effects are temporary, lasting under two years. Further analysis using flood insurance claims data following a major flooding event in 2017 suggests the temporary nature of these effects may reflect learning by banks about the true extent of flood risk and insurance take-up following the map changes. |
| Keywords: | FEMA Maps; Flood insurance; Mortgage lending |
| JEL: | G21 Q54 R30 |
| Date: | 2025–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2025-81 |
| By: | Jackson, Nadine R. |
| Abstract: | The COVID-19 pandemic exposed and exacerbated existing environmental and health inequities, yet limited research has examined how social distancing policies intersect with environmental justice concerns. This article investigates how seemingly neutral distancing guidelines functioned as mechanisms of environmental injustice in marginalized US communities. Drawing on existing research, this article evaluates physical and social dimensions of COVID-19 transmission patterns through methodology combining spatial analysis, and environmental justice frameworks, including intersectionality and Laura Pulido’s theory of racial capitalism. Statistical analysis reveals communities of color face 56-63% higher exposure to industrial pollutants, correlating with increased mortality rates. Airborne transmission research shows that standard distancing protocols were particularly ineffective in crowded, poorly ventilated spaces common in under-resourced communities. Historical practices of racial segregation directly predict contemporary COVID-19 mortality patterns, with some marginalized communities experiencing death rates 3.1 times higher than affluent areas. These findings challenge conventional public health approaches and provide an evidence-based framework for equitable crisis responses that address environmental racism, healthcare inequities, and economic exploitation. This work contributes to environmental justice scholarship by exposing how standardized public health measures can reinforce and amplify existing disparities, while advocating for structural interventions that center health equity. |
| Date: | 2025–09–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:7vpbh_v1 |
| By: | Mockshell, Jonathan; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Asante-Addo, Collins; Ritter, Thea; Zambrano, Patricia; Amare, Mulubrhan; Andam, Kwaw S. |
| Abstract: | Policymakers are increasingly considering the promise of modern biotechnology, including genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to help solve development problems in health, agriculture, and other fields (Zambrano et al., 2022). However, debates persist around health and environmental implications (National Academies of Sciences, 2016; Raman, 2017; Smyth et al., 2021). The regulation of GMOs varies globally, with some countries implementing outright bans or imposing stringent controls (Sarkar et al., 2021; Yali, 2022). A recent study examines the Nigerian policy environment for Pod Borer Resistant (PBR) cowpea, which has been genetically engineered to resist the legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata) [Mockshell et al., (unpublished)]. Legume pod borers significantly reduce cowpea yield and quality, with losses of up to 80% reported (Andam et al., 2024; Mockshell et al., 2024). This policy note summarizes the findings of the paper, providing insights to guide policy development around the adoption of biotech food crops in Nigeria and other countries in Africa South of the Sahara (SSA). The primary research question is: Is there an enabling policy environment for PBR cowpea and what factors contribute to it? |
| Keywords: | policies; biotechnology; health; agriculture; genetically modified organisms; cowpeas; boring organisms; Nigeria; Africa; Western Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:nssppn:163386 |
| By: | François Fulconis (AU - Avignon Université, •JPEG - Laboratoire des sciences Juridiques, Politique, Economiques et de Gestion - AU - Avignon Université, CRET-LOG - Centre de Recherche sur le Transport et la Logistique - AMU - Aix Marseille Université, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Gilles Paché (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Emmanuelle Reynaud (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon, AMU - Aix Marseille Université) |
| Abstract: | U.E. Transition écologique et Développement Soutenable (TEDS). Support pédagogique s'inscrivant dans la formation à la Transition Écologique et Développement Soutenable (TEDS) des étudiants de premier cycle recommandée par le MESR. 2024 a connu une température moyenne de plus 1, 55°C par rapport à l'ère préindustrielle, soit l'année la plus chaude jamais enregistrée selon l'Organisation Météorologique Mondiale, mais elle est surtout la première à franchir la limite fixée par l'Accord de Paris sur le climat, ratifié en 2015. Hélas, il ne s'agit pas de la seule « limite planétaire » à avoir été dépassée. Les « limites planétaires » font référence, selon le Stockholm Resilience Centre, aux neuf processus environnementaux critiques qui garantissent un « espace opérationnel sûr » pour l'humanité, au-delà duquel le risque de changements environnementaux catastrophiques augmente. Face à ce constat, ce cours propose une réflexion en vue de limiter l'utilisation intensive des ressources et son cortège de maux en référence à l'économie circulaire et à la logistique durable. L'idée centrale est qu'il s'avère indispensable de passer d'un modèle linéaire, nécessitant une importante quantité de ressources naturelles, à un modèle circulaire, intégrant des critères écologiques et sociétaux. |
| Keywords: | Modèle linéaire, parties prenantes, modèle circulaire, logistique durable, économie circulaire, consommation frugale |
| Date: | 2025–10–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05280706 |
| By: | Doumbia, Macoura; Walque, Damien de |
| Abstract: | The occurrence of unexpected shocks, such as natural disasters, that destroy physical capital could affect the perception of returns to investment in human capital. This paper tests this hypothesis using a survey conducted in Mozambique while Cyclone Idai hit the country in March 2019. A difference-in-difference approach is used to compare the households interviewed before and after the cyclone occurrence, as well as the households that were directly affected by the cyclone, through destruction, injuries, and deaths. The results indicate that households affected by major shocks report higher perceived returns to completing primary education. |
| Date: | 2025–09–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11220 |
| By: | Lenders, Marc |
| JEL: | D90 H21 H23 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325435 |
| By: | Cristina Badarau (University of Bordeaux); Corentin Roussel (University of Strasbourg) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines whether a Counter-Cyclical Buffer (CCyB) indexed to carbon-intensive credits, i.e., a carbon-intensive CCyB, is consistent with the banking stability objectives of financial regulators when unregulated banks operate in credit markets. To do so, we assess the consistency of the carbon-intensive CCyB regulation through the lens of a general equilibrium model that encompasses polluting and non-polluting firms (i.e., green and brown firms, respectively), as well as traditional and shadow banks (i.e., regulated and unregulated banks, respectively). We find that a carbon-intensive CCyB regulation is not the most suitable for financial regulators when there are no asymmetric leakages between green and brown loans for traditional and shadow banks. However, a strict emissions tax applied to the production of brown firms favors the adoption of a carbon-intensive CCyB regulation by financial regulators. Moreover, a carbon-intensive CCyB could be suitable when traditional banks are more involved in the green credit market than in the brown one. This last result highlights the need for regulators to carefully coordinate their green policies to avoid jeopardizing the stability of the banking system. |
| Keywords: | Counter-cyclical capital buffers, carbon-intensive credits, shadow banks, General Equilibrium Model |
| JEL: | E G Q |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2025.14 |
| By: | Balana, Bedru; Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework; Arega, Tiruwork; Ringler, Claudia; Bryan, Elizabeth; Yami, Mastewal; Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum; Wondwosen, Abenezer |
| Abstract: | Between 2017 and 2021, the Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA) of the United States Agency for International Development supported public works in the areas of watershed rehabilitation and small-scale irrigation under Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP). The investments aimed to improve food security and nutrition and to increase the resilience capacities of households through improved natural resource systems and asset development. However, there is little evidence about how these water-related investments supported household food security, nutritional outcomes, and resilience. This study used a mixed-methods approach to fill some of these knowledge gaps. Econometric results show that households in BHA intervention areas had smaller food gaps, and this association is statistically significant. Similarly, households that adopted small-scale irrigation and water harvesting techniques on their own plots show significantly better nutritional outcomes than those that did not. The results further suggest that in general the households in BHA areas are more resilient than those in non-BHA woredas. However, higher resilience capacities are associated with agricultural water management on own plots rather than with public works in communal lands. Thus, if household security, nutrition and resilience are key goals of program interventions, then programs need to grow intentionality in developing assets, and particularly irrigation. |
| Keywords: | public works; public investment; watershed management; small-scale irrigation; nutrition; resilience; social safety nets; food security; Ethiopia; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2024–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:168643 |
| By: | Esther Devilliers (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Niklas Möhring (WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]); Robert Finger (Agricultural economics and policy - ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]) |
| Abstract: | Low-input production systems aim at mitigating agriculture's environmental impact with a lower level of chemical inputs. However, comparing the performance of low-input systems to conventional ones, particularly in terms of productivity and yield, is challenging due to selection bias. First, we often lack observational data on low-input systems. Then, when available, the comparison between the two production systems is challenging due to potential endogeneity in input use and selection bias. To effectively develop policies promoting the adoption of low-input systems and assess their impact, for example, on pesticide use and yields, it is crucial to employ an econometric framework that addresses these issues. This article proposes an endogenous switching approach combined with control functions to tackle selection bias and input endogeneity simultaneously. Using unbalanced panel data on Swiss wheat production, which includes both low-input and conventional systems, our framework allows us to analyze the differentiated role of inputs as well as their price elasticity for both conventional and low-input farming systems. |
| Keywords: | Control Function, Endogenous Switching Regression, Pesticide Use, Low-input Production Systems |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04157545 |
| By: | Mukashov, Askar; Jones, Eleanor; Thurlow, James |
| Abstract: | This study explores Bangladesh’s vulnerability to economic shocks and identifies those contributing most to eco-nomic uncertainty. The Bangladesh Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model was employed to simulate a range of potential economic outcomes under various shock scenarios sampled using historical data to capture domestic agricultural yield volatilities and world market price uncertainty for traded goods. Data mining and machine learning methods were applied to quantify the contribution of each shock to the uncertainty of economic outcomes (gross domestic product [GDP], private consumption, poverty, and undernourishment). Our findings suggest that potential variation in Bangladesh’s GDP ranges from +0.8 to -1.0 percent to baseline, with domestic shocks ac-counting for 53.7 percent of uncertainty, and remaining 41.7 percent are explained by the volatility of world market prices and Foreign Exchange (FX) flows. At the same time, private consumption is more uncertain (from +4.0 to -3.5 percent to base), and external factors are the most important risk contributors (70.1 percent is world prices and 2.9 percent is FX flows). Similarly, external factors contribute roughly two-thirds to the potential variation of national poverty and undernourishment rates that fluctuate from -2.4 to +1.8 and –2.2 to +1.9 relative to the baseline rates percentage points respectively. Understanding how potential shocks might impact various segments of the Bang-ladesh economy and population is a critical first step in facilitating a discussion on risk mitigation strategies that include increasing sectoral productivity or diversifying production to reduce reliance on high-risk sectors. |
| Keywords: | shock; economic shock; computable general equilibrium models; agriculture; market prices; machine learning; climate change; Bangladesh; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2024–12–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ewracb:169665 |
| By: | Albert Bouffange (STEEP - Sustainability transition, environment, economy and local policy - Centre Inria de l'Université Grenoble Alpes - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - LJK - Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, ENS Paris Saclay - Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, IEP Lyon - Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon - Université de Lyon); Jérémie Klein |
| Date: | 2024–06–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05265613 |
| By: | Sieger, Lisa; Weber, Christoph; Stein, Tobias |
| JEL: | C31 Q28 Q55 R12 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325393 |
| By: | Mamadou Dit Koro Sidibé (USSGB - Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako, Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion - Université catholique de Bukavu); Mariama Sacko (USSGB - Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako); Tahirou Tangara (Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako - USSGB - Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako); Issa Sacko (Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako - USSGB - Université des sciences sociales et de gestion de Bamako) |
| Abstract: | Abstract : This study examines the impact of access to electricity, access to clean water, public health expenditures, and the school enrollment rate on the Human Development Index (HDI) in Mali over the period 2000–2023. The dataset consists of reliable national time series with 24 annual observations, allowing for a coherent assessment of both short- and long-term dynamics. The analysis is based on an ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) model, suitable for mixed-order integrated series, which distinguishes between immediate and lasting effects of the explanatory variables. The estimated results indicate that, in the long run, access to electricity has a positive and statistically significant effect on HDI, confirming its central role as a structural infrastructure. In contrast, the coefficients for access to clean water and public health expenditures are negative and significant, which may reflect inefficiencies or governance issues in the management of these public services rather than an inherently adverse effect. School enrollment, on the other hand, does not show a significant effect according to the estimated model. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening electrical infrastructure while improving the quality and management of public services to support sustainable human development in Mali. The study has certain limitations, notably the small size of the annual sample and the absence of detailed regional data, which limits the generalization of the results. These constraints provide avenues for future research incorporating regional or sectoral data to better understand the determinants of human development. Keywords : Human development, access to electricity, clean water, health expenditures, school enrollment, ARDL, Mali. JEL Classification : C32, O15, Q41, O55 Paper type : Empirical research |
| Abstract: | Résumé : Cette étude analyse l'impact de l'accès à l'électricité, à l'eau potable, des dépenses publiques en santé et du taux de scolarisation sur l'indice de développement humain (IDH) au Mali, sur la période 2000-2023. La base de données mobilisée comprend des séries temporelles nationales fiables, couvrant 24 observations annuelles, permettant une évaluation cohérente des dynamiques à court et à long terme. L'analyse repose sur un modèle ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag), adapté aux séries intégrées d'ordres mixtes, qui permet de distinguer les effets immédiats et durables des variables explicatives. Les résultats estimés à partir du modèle ARDL indiquent qu'à long terme, l'accès à l'électricité exerce un effet positif et statistiquement significatif sur l'IDH, confirmant son rôle central comme infrastructure structurante. À l'inverse, les coefficients estimés pour l'accès à l'eau potable et pour les dépenses publiques en santé sont négatifs et significatifs, ce qui peut refléter des inefficiences ou des problèmes de gouvernance dans la gestion de ces services publics, plutôt qu'un impact intrinsèquement défavorable. Le taux de scolarisation, quant à lui, n'a pas d'effet significatif selon le modèle estimé. Ces constats soulignent l'importance de renforcer les infrastructures électriques tout en améliorant la qualité et la gestion des services publics pour soutenir un développement humain durable au Mali. L'étude comporte toutefois certaines limites, notamment la taille réduite de l'échantillon annuel et l'absence de données régionales détaillées, ce qui restreint la généralisation des résultats à l'ensemble du pays. Ces contraintes ouvrent des perspectives pour des recherches futures intégrant des données régionales ou sectorielles afin d'affiner la compréhension des déterminants du développement humain. Mots clés : Développement humain, accès à l'électricité, eau potable, dépenses de santé, scolarisation, ARDL, Mali. Classification JEL : C32, O15, Q41, O55 Type du papier : Recherche empirique |
| Keywords: | ARDL, Développement humain accès à l'électricité eau potable dépenses de santé scolarisation ARDL Mali. Classification JEL : C32 O15 Q41 O55 Type du papier : Recherche empirique Human development access to electricity clean water health expenditures school enrollment ARDL Mali. JEL Classification : C32 O15 Q41 O55 Paper type : Empirical research, Développement humain, accès à l'électricité, eau potable, dépenses de santé, scolarisation, Mali. Classification JEL : C32, O55 Paper type : Empirical research, Mali. JEL Classification : C32, school enrollment, health expenditures, clean water, access to electricity, O55 Type du papier : Recherche empirique Human development, Q41, O15 |
| Date: | 2025–09–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05242320 |
| By: | Jean-Pierre Neveu (IAE Pau - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Pau - UPPA - Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour); Pascal Bégout (IMT - Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - INSA Toulouse - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse - INSA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse) |
| Abstract: | The present research develops a formal mathematical model to measure individual motivation at work. Its mathematical specifications correspond to a formal translation of Conservation of Resources (COR) theory core assumptions. It explores how such COR constructs as resource caravan and resource passageway determine patterns of motivational processes. The model is applied to a sample of working professionals (n= 8) from different occupations. Data is obtained from a 5-item Lickert-scale questionnaire based on the COR-Evaluation (COR-E) instrument developed by Hobfoll et al. (1992). Results are presented in the form of eight different Tables that correspond to eight different resource caravans. They unveil how individual motivational processes vary by the extent to which resources interact with an underlying drive for preservation. The role of context is also confirmed as a resource passageway. With regard to methodology, this research emphasizes how measurement based on mathematical modeling can be an alternative to standard data-analytic statistics. At a theory level, it enriches both COR-based literature and theory of workplace motivation. Practically, it provides an analytical instrument that details information on those processes that shape individual motivational profiles in organizations. |
| Keywords: | resource management, Human, Person-specific, Resource passageways, Resource caravans, Mathematical modeling, Motivation |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05269435 |
| By: | Jules H. van Binsbergen; João F. Cocco; Marco Grotteria; S. Lakshmi Naaraayanan |
| Abstract: | We quantify the impact of perceived cancer risk on housing values using widely advertised national reclassifications of chemical carcinogenicity in the United States. Combining these information events with an empirical design that compares changes in house values closer to affected toxic plants against those farther away isolates the effect of cancer risk news from other local factors. Focusing on plants previously emitting reclassified carcinogenic chemicals, we estimate a 1-2% decline in housing values within a 3-mile radius compared to those located farther away. The effects are stronger in areas with higher media presence underscoring the role of salience as a mechanism. |
| JEL: | G11 G50 Q51 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34305 |
| By: | Karsten Neuhoff; Seabron Adamson; Luis Olmos; Anthony Papavasiliou; Silvia Vitello; Konstantin Staschus; Leon Stolle |
| Abstract: | Motivation: As the share of renewables in power generation increases, the system needs greater flexibility to ensure that wind and solar energy, which might otherwise be curtailed due to mismatches in time and location of supply and demand, can be stored or transmitted to where and when they are needed or most valuable. Local market prices are essential to make use of demand side flexibility and storage. At times and locations of high renewable production, the prices tend to be low, and heat, hydro, battery and intermediary product storage can be filled. Vice versa, in periods of low renewable production, the stored energy can be released. As local market prices encourage market participants to behave consistently with system needs, they increase predictability of flow patterns and thus require lower security margins to reach the same level of system security. The increased network utilization allows for increased pooling and sharing of flexibility across regions. (...) |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esrepo:327655 |
| By: | Utsoree Das (University of Geneva); Erik Katovich (University of Connecticut); Jonah M. Rexer (The World Bank) |
| Abstract: | Empirical evidence and economic theory suggest multinational firms are more productive than their local counterparts. What explains the persistence of local firms and the recent surge in local content policies? Using a global database of corporate ownership changes for 35, 567 commercial mines between 2000-2022, we test whether local firms have a comparative advantage in dealing with weak institutions, corruption, and conflict, which could attenuate or reverse the multinational advantage. We confirm that, on average, output declines by 8% after mines are taken over by local firms. Localized assets also exhibit higher air pollution, indicating lower operational quality. However, in states with weak governance, localization increases mine output by 8%. Local firms also generate more economic activity, urbanization, and non-agricultural employment around mines, indicating stronger local linkages. While multinational mining firms exhibit increasing returns to scale, local firms exhibit decreasing returns, suggesting they may grow based on their ability to navigate institutional weaknesses rather than their productivity. Results highlight the role of institutions in determining relative advantages of multinational versus local firms. |
| Keywords: | Resources, governance, firm ownership, foreign investment, conflict |
| JEL: | F L O Q |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2025.15 |
| By: | Patteera Pantaratorn (" Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand" Author-2-Name: Noppadol Dharawanij Author-2-Workplace-Name: " Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand" Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - This study aims to explore the potential for developing sustainable creative tourism in Ban Khlong Bang Phai, Nonthaburi, by analyzing both supply and demand factors. The research adopts an empirical approach to assess the integration of local cultural and natural resources into tourism planning and the influence of tourist motivations on satisfaction. Methodology - A mixed-methods design was employed, combining qualitative interviews with 12 key community stakeholders and quantitative surveys of 169 tourists. Qualitative data identified local resources, cultural activities, and development opportunities, while quantitative data assessed tourist motivations, satisfaction, and decision-making factors using structured questionnaires, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analysis. Findings - Ban Khlong Bang Phai possesses rich cultural and natural resources, including traditional arts, crafts, agricultural practices, and religious activities, which can serve as the basis for creative tourism. Tourists were primarily motivated by the uniqueness of the destination and the cultural activities it offered. High satisfaction was reported with cultural experiences, local hospitality, and destination authenticity, while infrastructure challenges such as transportation and signage were identified as areas for improvement. Significant correlations were found between tourist motivations and satisfaction. Novelty - The study offers an empirical framework linking community cultural resources with tourist motivations and satisfaction to guide sustainable creative tourism development. It provides actionable insights for planning tourism activities that preserve cultural authenticity while promoting local economic growth, addressing a research gap in community-based creative tourism in Thailand. Type of Paper - Empirical" |
| Keywords: | Sustainable tourism; Creative tourism; Tourist satisfaction; Cultural heritage; Community-based tourism; Thailand; Tourist motivation |
| JEL: | M14 M19 |
| Date: | 2025–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber260 |
| By: | Bleck, Jaimie; Carrillo, Lucia; Gottlieb, Jessica; Kosec, Katrina; Kyle, Jordan; Soumano, Moumouni |
| Abstract: | We surveyed 2, 919 community leaders across seven regions of Mali to provide insights on the prevalence and severity of shocks and crises across localities; which types of shocks and crises are most difficult from which to recover; the formal and informal ways in which local actors are involved in aid distribution systems; and the types of programming local actors view as most beneficial for promoting resilience. Despite increasing prevalence of conflict across localities, leaders predominately cited climate-related shocks as the most difficult from which to recover— especially droughts. We find that localities vary in the inclusiveness of local governance around aid distribution: while elected mayors are almost always involved, traditional leaders, women’s group and youth leaders in villages, civil servants, and civil society leaders are each involved in 40–60% of localities. We used both a budget allocation exercise and an experimental game in which we introduced the concept of anticipatory action (AA) programming—aid that is “triggered” by an early warning signal to arrive before a shock and mitigate its worst effects—to probe preferences over aid modality. We found that leaders see value in balancing investment across resilience programming (including AA) and humanitarian response, especially food aid. However, there is some important variation between village- and commune-level officials: village-level leaders are more likely to prioritize aid modalities that target households directly, like food aid and cash transfers, while commune-level leaders are more likely to prioritize risk prevention trainings. Our findings have important policy implications for promoting local resilience in Mali, including the importance of investing more in drought resilience, engaging actors at different levels of local governance who have different information and perspectives, and simultaneously investing in capacity-building around early warning system accuracy and dissemination. |
| Keywords: | governance; climate; conflicts; resilience; Mali; Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2024–09–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:152260 |
| By: | Jean Arrous |
| Abstract: | Largely overlooked due to the division of our discipline into micro- and macroeconomics, Wassily Leontief’s input-output analysis is not only a formal theory but also a research strategy. As formal theory, it describes economic activity based on that of the different industries, thereby leading to the calculation of labour-value, price determination and GDP. As research strategy, it is applied to ecological and energy transitions leading to the calculation of pollution-value and energy-value. |
| Keywords: | Leontief, input–output analysis, Leontief technology, technological matrix, Leontief inverse matrix, production possibility frontier, labor-value, pollution-value, energy-value, equilibrium prices, augmented Leontief matrix, profit margin and structural profit margin, input–output table, distribution of national income, Perron–Frobenius theorems, factor-price frontier, ecological transition, energy transition. |
| JEL: | A23 C67 D33 D57 E01 E17 E23 J21 L16 L23 O13 P18 P28 Q4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2025-34 |
| By: | Mirjalili, Seyed hossein |
| Abstract: | Since the conclusion of the Uruguay Round, several new issues have emerged on the agenda of trade negotiations within the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper discusses the most prominent among these which are electronic commerce, trade and environment, trade facilitation, transparency in government procurement, trade and investment, trade and competition policy, climate change, micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and women and trade. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the negotiation processes related to each of these topics. Particular attention is given to the fact that negotiations on trade facilitation resulted in the adoption of a binding agreement, whereas issues such as trade and investment and trade and competition policy are no longer subject to active negotiation. The analysis highlights the main debates and policy discussions surrounding each of these themes, underscoring their implications for the future evolution of the multilateral trading system. |
| Keywords: | World Trade Organization (WTO), Trade negotiations, Uruguay Round, Trade facilitation, Electronic commerce, Trade and environment, Government procurement transparency, Trade and investment, Competition policy, Climate change and trade, Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), Women and trade, Multilateral trading system. |
| JEL: | F13 |
| Date: | 2024–01–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:126332 |
| By: | Di Carlo, Donato; Moretti, Lorenzo; Moschella, Manuela |
| Abstract: | This article examines the political foundations of industrial policy amid the return of state economic interventionism. Comparing the United States' Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the European Union's Green Deal Industrial Plan (GDIP), it shows that contrasting industrial policy strategies were ultimately shaped by differences in the two polities' legislative rules. In both cases, geopolitical pressures sparked renewed interest in green industrial policymaking. However, procedural mechanisms for majoritarian decision‐making in the U.S. Senate enabled the government to overcome partisan veto players and compelled the design of the IRA as a budgetary instrument centered on fiscal subsidies. By contrast, unanimity requirements in the EU's joint decision‐making system prevented the Commission from overcoming Member State veto players in the Council, precluding supranational fiscal instruments and resulting in a regulation‐based, decentralized approach via national state aid. The findings contribute to the burgeoning debates on the return of industrial policy and state activism by showing how political institutions contribute to shaping not only the scope but also the form of economic interventionism within different polities. |
| Keywords: | economic interventionism; green deal industrial plan; green industrial policy; inflation reduction act (IRA); political institutions |
| JEL: | J1 |
| Date: | 2025–10–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129545 |
| By: | Enrico Moretti; Harrison Wheeler |
| Abstract: | More than 42 million Americans are exposed to medium or high levels of traffic noise. Despite its potentially large toll and unequal distribution, the economic costs, incidence, and policy implications of traffic noise have received limited attention in economics. We quantify the aggregate economic burden of this externality and its distribution across demographic groups by estimating homebuyers' willingness to pay for quieter environments. Using quasi-experimental variation from the construction of noise barriers, we find that reduced traffic noise exposure leads to significant increases in house prices, implying that buyers are willing to pay a substantial premium for each decibel of noise reduction. In the five years before construction, we detect no differential pre-trends in prices between treated and control properties. Following construction, we observe an immediate and largely permanent 6.8% increase in prices within 100 meters, with smaller gains at greater distances. Information on each barrier's noise attenuation allows us to recover the willingness to pay per decibel of traffic noise. We calculate the aggregate economic cost of traffic noise at $110 billion nationwide. The economic burden is disproportionately borne by lower income and minority households, suggesting that the externality is regressive. The cost varies widely across cities, reflecting differences in noise levels, property values and population density. Based on our estimates, the socially efficient Pigouvian tax amounts to $974 per vehicle. A broad shift to electric vehicles -- which are quieter than traditional vehicles -- could yield noise reduction benefits of $77.3 billion, concentrated among low-income families in dense urban areas. |
| JEL: | H0 I14 R0 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34298 |
| By: | Deininger, Klaus W.; Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Nataliia, Kussul; Lemoine, Guido; Shelestov, Andrii; Shumilo, Leonid |
| Abstract: | This paper explores whether satellite imagery can be used to derive a measure to estimate conflict-induced damage to agricultural production and compare the results to those obtained using media-based conflict indicators, which are widely used in the literature. The paper combines area for summer and winter crops from annual crop maps for 2019–24 with measures of conflict-related damage to agricultural land based on optical and thermal satellite sensors. These data are used to estimate a difference-in-differences model for close to 10, 000 Ukrainian village councils. The results point to large and persistent negative effects that spill over to conflict-unaffected village councils. The predicted impact is three times larger, with a distinctly different distribution across key domains (for example, territory controlled by Ukraine and the Russian Federation) using the preferred image-based indicator as compared to a media-based indicator. Satellite imagery thus allows defining conflict incidence in ways that may be relevant to agricultural production and that may have implications for future research. |
| Date: | 2025–09–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11221 |
| By: | Pérez Urdiales, María; López-Luzuriaga, Andrea; Castillo, Adriana; Couto Ribeiro, Beatriz |
| Abstract: | Achieving universal and equitable access to water and sanitation remains a critical challenge in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). This paper assesses the efficiency of public spending in providing water and sanitation services across Colombian municipalities. Efficiency levels are estimated using a stochastic frontier analysis that accounts for unobserved heterogeneity. The results show that the organizational and governance characteristics of service providers play a significant role in shaping spending efficiency. Municipalities with more service providers tend to be less efficient. In contrast, efficiency improves when providers operate across multiple jurisdictions. Additionally, municipalities where the head of the service provider is appointed--rather than elected--demonstrate greater efficiency. Overall, the findings indicate that public expenditures could be reduced by approximately 18\% without compromising service quality, highlighting the potential for substantial gains through improved provider organization and governance. |
| Keywords: | water;Sanitation;fiscal management;public spending;Public Expenditure Review |
| JEL: | Q25 O54 H42 H54 H72 L95 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:brikps:14276 |
| By: | Sarah Steffan (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville); Mikael Akimowicz (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville); Geoffroy Labrouche (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville) |
| Keywords: | Agroecological transition, Local governement, Common good |
| Date: | 2025–08–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05281688 |
| By: | Asante, Felix A.; Asante, Seth |
| Abstract: | This report is produced from the proceedings of the Inception workshop on “Strengthening National Capacities and Policies for Food Systems analysis and Transformation in Ghana” project held on Wednesday, 2nd August 2023 at Alisa Hotel, Accra. The workshop aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the project and outlined its objectives, and timeline, alongside a review of the current landscape of the Ghana’s Food Systems Transformation. It brought together various stakeholders and institutions in the Ghanaian food systems. The workshop facilitated valuable discussions among participants to gather insights and inputs for the project's advancement (see attached list of participants). Three distinct presentations – project overview, project deliverables and timelines, and food systems diagnostics and tools as well as trade-offs and opportunities – were made at the workshop. |
| Keywords: | food systems; capacity development; sustainable development; food security; nutrition; Ghana; Western Africa; Africa |
| Date: | 2024–03–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:resrep:140482 |
| By: | Fischer, Kai; Zheng, Honghao |
| JEL: | D24 L11 L52 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc25:325360 |
| By: | Anne Christine Eiller (EDF R&D SEQUOIA - EDF R&D - EDF R&D - EDF - EDF); Valérie Lesgards (EDF R&D SEQUOIA - EDF R&D - EDF R&D - EDF - EDF) |
| Abstract: | Cette communication traite des initiatives citoyennes dans les projets énergétiques, préexistantes à la réglementation européenne et française. Elle vise à identifier les motivations initiales des citoyens dans les projets ainsi que leur modèle d'organisation et d'implication. A partir du retour d'expérience des pionniers des communautés d'énergie, du recueil de leurs difficultés et de leurs succès sur la vie du projet, cette étude vise à répondre aux trois questions de recherches suivantes. i) Peut-on établir une typologie de projets citoyens nés au stade pré réglementaire ? Quels sont les fondamentaux de leur création et de leur constitution en termes d'objectifs, de gouvernance, de bénéfices attendus ? Il s'agit à ce stade de préciser l'ensemble des éléments du projet initial, de façon à établir une typologie des modèles de participation citoyenne. Le chapitre 3 est consacré à cette typologie. ii) Comment ces modèles ont-ils évolué dans le temps ? Quelle influence a eu la réglementation européenne et sa transposition dans le droit français sur leur évolution et sur leur dissémination ? Il convient d'examiner les résultats du projet, perçus par leur responsable, en termes de réalisation d'objectifs, de bénéfices escomptés et d'évolution. Le chapitre 3 traite également de ces questions. iii) Quels sont les facteurs de succès de ces communautés pionnières ? En particulier, comment résistent-elles aux aléas économiques et aux fluctuations des prix de l'énergie ? Le chapitre 4 identifie les facteurs qui facilitent le développement et la pérennité des communautés de citoyens. |
| Date: | 2025–06–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05235514 |