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on Environmental Economics |
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Issue of 2025–09–29
eighty-six papers chosen by Francisco S. Ramos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |
| By: | Sawhney, Aparna; Sma, Abdelkarim; Pradhan, Mamata; Kamar, Abul; Roy, Devesh |
| Abstract: | Climate change being a global environmental problem, a cooperative approach involving all the sovereign countries is required to achieve an optimal solution. Caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and hydrofluorocarbons, climate change has global effects that are independent of the geographical sources of these emissions. However, the adverse impacts of global warming and extreme weather events associated with climate change are not uniformly distributed, as vulnerable populations in less-developed countries bear the brunt of the damage. Some of these climate-vulnerable nations contribute less than 1 per cent of global GHG emissions, including Bhutan (0.0057%), Sri Lanka (0.072%), Nepal (0.105%), and Bangladesh (0.522%) in South Asia. |
| Keywords: | climate-smart agriculture; climate change; extreme weather events; greenhouse gases; strategies; scaling up; Asia; Southern Asia |
| Date: | 2025–07–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprwp:175781 |
| By: | Jorge, Nicolas |
| Abstract: | Argentina’s native forests are essential components of the country’s ecological and economic fabric. These ecosystems provide a wide array of services, from biodiversity conservation and water regulation to carbon storage and support for local livelihoods. However, human activity and natural events such as wildfires resulted in ongoing forest loss, particularly in regions like Gran Chaco. Understanding the dynamics of forest loss over time is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of conservation policies and for guiding future land-use decisions. This report provides an integrated view of Argentina’s deforestation trends between 2000 and 2024. It reviews the legal and institutional framework established to manage native forests, including the 2007 Forest Law and international commitments. The objective is to assess the evolution of forest loss, evaluate regional variations, and reflect on the implications for sustainable development and forest governance in Argentina. |
| Keywords: | biodiversity conservation; conservation; deforestation; ecosystems; Argentina; Americas; South America |
| Date: | 2025–09–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:lacwps:176359 |
| By: | Piñeiro, Valeria; Papendieck, Sabine; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Jorge, Nicolás; Mingoti, Rafael; da Silveira, Hilton Luis Ferraz; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca |
| Abstract: | The countries of MERCOSUR—Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (ABPU)—are home to some of South America's most vital and diverse forest ecosystems. These include the globally significant Amazon rainforest, the biodiversity-rich Cerrado savannah, and the expansive and carbon-dense Gran Chaco dry forests. Together, these ecosystems regulate hydrological cycles, support endemic biodiversity, store vast amounts of carbon, and provide critical ecosystem services to rural and urban populations alike. The importance of these forests extends beyond their ecological functions. They are central to the region's climate commitments under the Paris Agreement, to global biodiversity targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and to the livelihoods and cultural heritage of indigenous and rural communities. Moreover, forests are increasingly linked with international trade and investment. The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), for example, imposes new traceability requirements on commodities linked to land-use change, and the EU-MERCOSUR partnership agreement with its trade and sustainable development chapter, further elevating the geopolitical and economic relevance of forest governance in the MERCOSUR countries. |
| Keywords: | deforestation; biodiversity; trade agreements; land-use change; development; agriculture; policies; Argentina; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay; Americas; South America |
| Date: | 2025–09–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:lacwps:176401 |
| By: | Bernad, Mariana (University of London); De Haas, Ralph (EBRD, London); Rud, Juan Pablo (Royal Holloway, University of London) |
| Abstract: | We document how banks' voluntary climate commitments predict both their green lending practices and their borrowers' environmental investments. Using structured surveys of 644 bank CEOs and heads of credit across 33 low- and middle-income countries, we develop indices of banks' green management and lending practices. These unique organizational data reveal that banks signing international climate initiatives ('talk') indeed exhibit stronger green practices ('walk') than non-signatories. We then merge our bank data with detailed surveys of 4, 719 firms and show that firms borrowing from climate-committed banks are more likely to undertake green investments. Exploiting geocoded bank branch and firm locations, we further find evidence of spatial matching: environmentally-oriented firms preferentially borrow from climate-committed banks in their vicinity. These patterns are consistent with voluntary climate commitments reflecting genuine environmental orientation rather than greenwashing. |
| Keywords: | green management, emerging markets, banks, limate change, greenwashing |
| JEL: | D22 G21 G32 O12 Q54 Q56 R51 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18131 |
| By: | Matilda Baret (University of Orléans); Yannick Lucotte (University of Orléans); Sessi Tokpavi (University of Orléans) |
| Abstract: | The 21st century is facing climate change challenge, which has rapidly intensified, impacting global systems in various ways. The need to mitigate climate change necessitates deep, fast and sustainable reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Efforts should go through several channels including Scope 3 emissions, which encompass indirect emissions from a company’s entire value chain. However, accurately estimating Scope 3 emissions at the company level remains challenging due to data scarcity and reliability issues. This paper presents a new empirical methodology designed to estimate Scope 3 emissions at the company level, taking into account the dynamics of value chains and company-specific factors. Using input-output tables and sectoral emissions data, we reconstruct company value chains and calculate emissions from upstream and downstream sectors. We address the challenge of missing data by using parametric and machine learning techniques, to predict both reported and unreported emissions. Our model, applied to French companies’ data, shows that company-specific characteristics play a key role in Scope 3 emissions, and sectors’ emissions in the value chain as a whole significantly influence Scope 3 emissions. The results suggest that machine learning models, particularly Random Forest, outperform traditional models in predicting Scope 3 emissions. The study also highlights the importance of expanding data reporting and designing comprehensive climate policies to better manage emissions across all sectors. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, climate policy, Scope 3 Emissions, value chain, machine learning, estimation, prediction |
| JEL: | C Q |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2025.12 |
| By: | Anwesha Banerjee; Andrea Erhart; Claire Rimbaud |
| Abstract: | This study examines the pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors of individuals across different age groups. We compare young adults with older adults in an online experiment with German participants. We use an incentivized task - the Work for Environment Protection task (WEPT) - to measure environmental behavior. We find that compared to younger adults, older adults are more concerned and less skeptical about climate change. Older adults also exhibit significantly more pro-environmental behavior, reflected in higher participation in tasks associated with donations to an environmental organization. These results highlight the need to develop strategies to improve support for environmental policies specifically targeted to different age groups. |
| Keywords: | environmental behavior, environmental attitude, climate change, knowledge, age |
| JEL: | Q50 C91 |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inn:wpaper:2025-05 |
| By: | Luc Doyen (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); M.D. Smith (Nicholas School of the Environment - Duke University [Durham]); Ussif Rashid Sumalia (UBC - University of British Columbia [Canada]); Georges Zaccour (HEC Montréal - HEC Montréal); Ivar Ekeland (CEREMADE - CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Philippe Cury (UMR MARBEC - MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Christophe Lett (UMR MARBEC - MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Olivier Thébaud (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); J.-C Poggiale (MIO - Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UTLN - Université de Toulon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Ali Moussaoui (Université Aboubekr Belkaid de Tlemcen = University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen]); J.-M Fromentin (UMR MARBEC - MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Sophie Gourguet (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Patrice Guillotreau (UMR MARBEC - MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Helene Gomes (AZTI - Centro de Investigación Marina y Alimentaria); Pierre Courtois (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Robert Schaap (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Fabian Blanchard (LEEISA - Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UG - Université de Guyane - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Catherine Rainer (LMBA - Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Bretagne Atlantique - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Mabel Tidball (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Mathieu Cuilleret (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Théo Villain (iEES Paris - Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Frédéric Ménard (MIO - Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UTLN - Université de Toulon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Tewfik Sari (UMR ITAP - Technologies et Méthodes pour les Agricultures de demain - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Reconciling food security, economic development, and biodiversity conservation in the face of global changes is a major challenge. The sustainable uses of marine biodiversity in the context of climate change, invasive species, water pollution, and demographic growth is an example of this bio-economic challenge. There is a need for quantitative methods, models, scenarios, and indicators to support policies addressing this issue. Although bio-economic models for marine resources date back to the 1950s and are still used in fisheries management and policy design, they need major improvements, extensions, and breakthroughs. This paper proposes to design a Mathematical Bio-Economics 2.0 (MBE2) for Sustainable Fisheries to advance the development of bio-economic models and scenarios for the management of fisheries and marine ecosystems confronted with unprecedented global change. These models and scenarios should make both ecological and socioeconomic sense while being well-posed mathematically and numerically. To achieve this, we propose to base the MBE2 framework for Sustainable Fisheries on four research axes regarding the mathematics and modeling of: (i) ecosystem-based fisheries management; (ii) criteria of sustainability; (iii) criteria of resilience; and (iv) governance and strategic interactions. The associated methodology of MBE2 draws mainly on dynamic systems theory, optimal and viable controls of systems, game theory, and stochastic approaches. Our analysis, which is based on these four axes, allows us to identify the main methodological gaps to fill compared to current models for fisheries management. | IntroductionBalancing biodiversity conservation with food security and the preservation of a broader set of ecosystem services (ESs), in a context of ecological transition and climate change, is one of the greatest challenges of the century. The creation and development of the IPBES (International Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) at the interface of decision-support and scientific knowledge is in direct line with these concerns. |
| Keywords: | scenarios, resilience, management, game theory, ecosystem services, ecosystems, dynamic systems, control theory, biodiversity |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05263028 |
| By: | Samuel Appiah Ofori; Jean Huge; Setondé Constant Gnansounou; Arimatéa De Carvalho Ximenes; Frederick Asante; M'koumfida Bagbohouna; Adrien Comte; Esméralda Longépée; Kipkorir Sigi Lang'at; Salomão Bandeira; Derrick Omollo; Amarachi Paschaline Onyena; Kabari Sam; Amina Juma Hamza; Adel Zeggaf Tahiri; Daf Sehla Daf; Khady Diouf Goudiaby; Emmanuel Temitope Olatunji; Claire Golléty; Elie Antoine Padonou; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas |
| Abstract: | Mangroves are vital for climate change adaptation and mitigation due to their efficient carbon sequestration and coastal protection roles providing often untapped opportunities for countries to enhance their national climate commitments (including the so-called Nationally Determined Contributions) under the Paris Agreement adopted at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP21 in 2015. In Africa, several countries possess mangroves and have signed the Paris Agreement, however, the level of integration of mangrove actions into the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) has not been adequately explored. Using a systematic review methodology, 33 African countries possessing mangroves were selected and their NDCs were reviewed, scored, and ranked to assess their level of integration of mangrove ecosystems into their NDCs. Countries like Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sudan demonstrate commendable progress and leadership in integrating mangroves within their NDCs. However, gaps in budgetary commitments, spatial planning, and temporal specificity for mangrove actions among a majority of the countries hinder broader mangrove inclusion. The study also revealed a disconnect between research outputs and policy frameworks, where countries with increased mangrove research output in Africa failed to integrate mangrove actions into their NDCs. To increase African countries' resilience to climate risks and contributions to global climate goals, there is a need to increase effective collaboration between mangrove researchers, local communities, and policymakers in mangrove-possessing countries. This will bolster public education on mangroves and their inclusion of mangrove actions in their NDCs, ultimately enhancing the implementation of mangrove actions on the ground. |
| Keywords: | Adaptation; Climate action; Conservation; Mangrove-possessing countries; Mitigation; Restoration |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/393920 |
| By: | Seongmin Seo (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | To promote Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management in the private sector, the Korean central government is implementing support policies to enhance the overall ESG performance of domestic firms. These policies are based on the guidelines of the Korean Sustainable Development Goals (K-SDGs)and aligned with the national Fourth Basic Plan for sustainable Development.<p> At the local level, municipalities are pursuing policies to improve regional ESG by establishing relevant administrative governance structures. ESG strategies are rapidly diversifying at all levels of government.<p> This study focuses on the regional perspective, examining the current status and performance of ESG at the local level, and describing the implications carried by this analysis for strengthening ESG practices in the regional context. |
| Keywords: | regional economics; regional development; regional industry; ESG; Sustainable Development Goals; SDGs; Korean Sustainable Development Goals; K-SDGs; balanced regional development; ESG policy; environm |
| JEL: | G38 O18 R11 R58 R50 R51 |
| Date: | 2025–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:021547 |
| By: | Aamir Javed (UNICH - Universita' degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara); Mahjabeen Usman (2IU - International Islamic University [Islamabad, Pakistan]); Nabila Abid (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie = EM Normandie Business School); Agnese Rapposelli (UNICH - Universita' degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara) |
| Abstract: | Fossil fuel energy consumption not only leads to climate change but also contributes to energy poverty and the unequal distribution of its supply, urging investment in alternative and clean energy sources. Furthermore, unprecedented geopolitical risk and climate policy uncertainty pose serious concerns for a steady energy supply, and the literature provides insufficient evidence for these important indicators, particularly considering the amount of renewable energy investment in the USA. The current paper formulates an interesting framework to scrutinize the impact of geopolitical risk, climate policy uncertainty, environmental policy stringency, and financial institutions' efficiency on renewable energy investment in the USA. For empirical analysis, this study utilizes modern econometric approaches such as the recently developed novel dynamic simulated ARDL and the frequency domain causality approach, harnessing the annual time series data spanning from 1990 to 2022. The obtained results explain that geopolitical risk negatively affects renewable energy investment, suggesting that higher geopolitical risk hinders renewable energy investment. Contrary to this, climate policy uncertainty, environmental policy, financial integration, and financial institutions' efficiency have a significant positive impact on renewable energy investment. In addition, the frequency domain causality test provides evidence of long, medium, and short-term causal connections between variables. The robustness analysis corroborates the main findings. Based on these results, the USA should promote renewable energy initiatives to mitigate geopolitical concerns among investors. Furthermore, the financial framework should support sustainability by directing energy investments in the capital market, encouraging long-term financial funding for energy projects, and incentivizing renewable energy investments. |
| Keywords: | Dynamic ARDL simulation, Financial integration and efficiency, Environmental policy stringency, Climate policy uncertainty, Geopolitical risk, Renewable energy investment |
| Date: | 2025–10–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05235793 |
| By: | Abderraouf Ben Ahmed Mtiraoui (MOFID-Université de Sousse); Samira Chaabene (USO - جامعة سوسة = Université de Sousse = University of Sousse); Radhia Maskhi (USO - جامعة سوسة = Université de Sousse = University of Sousse) |
| Abstract: | This study explores the impact of the energy transition on sustainable development in developing countries, focusing on pollution reduction, climate adaptation, and resilience. From 2000 to 2022, international funding, incentive policies, and capacity-building initiatives enabled the deployment of solar panels and small wind turbines, fostering job creation, reducing emissions, and improving energy access. A simultaneous equations model is used to examine the interactions between economic, institutional, social, and environmental factors. The research highlights the role of renewable energy, innovative policies, and localized initiatives in driving sustainable progress. Findings demonstrate how clean energy reduces greenhouse gases, strengthens institutional frameworks, and improves living conditions for vulnerable groups. Special attention is given to rural and isolated areas, where renewable energy fosters socio-economic and environmental benefits. |
| Keywords: | Energy Transition, Sustainable Development, Developing Countries, Simultaneous Equation Model |
| Date: | 2024–07–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05212133 |
| By: | Loris André; Julio Ramos-Tallada |
| Abstract: | The Amazon rainforest is emitting more carbon dioxide than it can absorb due to deforestation since 2021, leading to significant impacts on global warming. The loss of biodiversity due to land use change in the Amazon biome is also a major issue. Legal Amazon is an administrative area in Brazil that encompasses 64% of the Amazon biome and nine federal states. The Amazon Fund is the main international climate finance vehicle that operates in Legal Amazon. However, its disbursements have recently dropped due to disagreements between donors and the Brazilian government up to 2022. This paper aims to assess the impact of the Amazon Fund’s projects in reducing deforestation along with other factors, such as the national environmental agency sanctions and agricultural production. Using satellite observations and microeconomic data, a panel dataset has been constructed to analyze the evolution of various environmental features, climate finance, regulation, and production from 2002 to 2020 across 760 municipalities in Legal Amazon. A Panel Vector Auto Regression (PVAR) is used to model a stylized economic system in which variables can affect each other at different lags. Our main findings suggest that the Amazon Fund’s disbursements significantly reduce deforestation rates. Federal-managed projects are more effective than those led by states or municipalities. The most efficient projects are those devoted to land use planning, which involves the development and the protection of local autochthonous communities. Overall, we estimate that the Amazon Fund operates with a low abatement cost (between 0.4 and 1.1 EUR per saved ton of CO2). |
| Keywords: | Green Finance, Deforestation, Amazon Rainforest, Panel-VAR |
| JEL: | C33 C81 F35 Q20 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:998 |
| By: | Xia Li; Caroline Flammer |
| Abstract: | When exposed to greater physical and transition climate risks, are firms more likely to engage in climate mitigation, climate adaptation, or/and political strategies? This study examines this question and finds that firms exposed to greater physical and transition climate risks are less likely to undertake substantial mitigation efforts. Instead, they pursue other strategies. Specifically, firms exposed to greater physical climate risks are more inclined to pursue adaptation strategies, while firms facing higher transition climate risks are more likely to engage in anti-climate political strategies (such as lobbying against climate policies). The intensity of how firms manage their climate risks is influenced by their time horizon: the more myopic they are, the less they engage in climate mitigation and the more they oppose climate-friendly policies, thereby decreasing transition risks today while worsening their exposure to future physical and transition climate risks. Overall, this study provides insights into the (lack of) preparedness of the corporate sector for heightened climate risks. |
| JEL: | D72 G34 L21 M14 Q54 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34276 |
| By: | Laura Peralta (BETA, University of Strasbourg); Marie Boltz (BETA, University of Strasbourg); Philippe Delacote (BETA, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Climate Economics Chair); Kenneth Houngbedji (DIAL, LEDa, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Dauphine); Julien Jacob (BETA, University of Strasbourg) |
| Abstract: | We examine the environmental impacts of legal provisions to restore land rights for populations displaced by armed conflict, focusing on Colombia’s Land Restitution Law. Leveraging annual satellite data on forest cover loss, detailed records of the timing and location of restitution claims, and a staggered difference-in-differences strategy, we find that land restitution is associated with increased tree cover loss. Importantly, this effect is not driven by deforestation in primary forests, but rather by forest loss in areas formerly used for agriculture. These findings highlight the environmental trade-offs inherent in post-conflict land reforms. While restoring land rights is critical for transitional justice and economic recovery, attention to environmental outcomes is essential to ensure sustainable and equitable reconstruction. |
| Keywords: | Deforestation, Land rights, Internal conflict, Colombia |
| JEL: | O12 O13 O17 D74 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt202506 |
| By: | Krüger, Jens J.; Tarach, Moritz |
| Abstract: | The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is the key action to limit global warming. An important source of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution is the inefficiency of production processes. We report results from a stochastic nonparametric efficiency analysis using directional distance functions to take account of undesirable outputs like greenhouse gases. With this approach, we are able to provide estimates of the potential emission reductions for 7 main sectors in 16 European countries. A specially adapted bootstrapping approach allows to implement a bias correction of the estimates and to compute confidence intervals. The results show that static efficiency improvements are a quantitatively important element of the emission reductions which are required to achieve the reduction targets of the European Union. |
| Date: | 2025–08–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dar:wpaper:156572 |
| By: | Bonacina, Monica |
| Abstract: | Tokong, Romolo Consigna |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Sustainability |
| Date: | 2025–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:369377 |
| By: | Arenas Arroyo, Esther; Fabian, Jacob; Mengel, Friederike; Schmidpeter, Bernhard; Serafinelli, Michel |
| Abstract: | How does firms’ skill demand change as the business landscape evolves? We present evidence from the green transition by analyzing how hurricanes impact demand for green skills. These disasters signal the risks of not acting on environmental issues. Using data from U.S. online job postings (2010–2019) and hurricane paths, we create a new measure of green job postings. Firms in areas affected by hurricanes are 6.4% more likely to post jobs that require green skills after the event, particularly those serving local markets. |
| Keywords: | Green skills; Green transition; Online job postings; Hurricanes |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wus005:77526928 |
| By: | Marcelo Caffera; Emilio Aguirre; Juan Baraldo; Hugo Laguna |
| Abstract: | As global demand for beef increases, balancing livestock productivity with environmental sustainability has become a policy priority. In response, Uruguay implemented the Sustainable Family Production Program (PFIS). Between 2015 and 2017, this program provided support to small and medium-sized cattle farmers to invest in technologies and management practices aimed at enhancing both productivity and climate resilience. This study provides the first causal evaluation of a national program designed to promote these dual objectives in the cattle sector. We assess the effect of PFIS on three outcomes: (i) technology adoption, (ii) productivity, and (iii) greenhouse gas emissions intensity. To identify causal effects, we use a regression discontinuity design based on a strict eligibility threshold, using panel data from producers between 2015 and 2020. Although we found no statistically significant effects on beef productivity per hectare or greenhouse gas emissions intensity during the study period, the program significantly increased adoption of good reproductive and herd management practices, including early weaning, controlled mating, and ovarian activity diagnosis. These results highlight both the potential and the limitations of integrated technology transfer programs in promoting sustainable intensification of extensive livestock systems. They also suggest the need for longer-term evaluations to capture potential impacts on productivity and emissions that may emerge as these technologies, particularly reproductive ones, influence aggregate outcomes. |
| Keywords: | Impact Evaluation; Livestock; Technology Adoption; Rural development |
| JEL: | Q12 Q16 D24 Q57 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mnt:wpaper:2502 |
| By: | Hafsa Ouhbi (Ph.D. student, Laboratory of Economics and Management of Organizations (LAREMO), National School of Commerce and Management. Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.); Abdeslam Boudhar (Researcher and Lecturer, Laboratory of Economics and Management of Organizations (LAREMO), National School of Commerce and Management. Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.) |
| Abstract: | This article addresses the theoretical challenges related to water sustainability in Morocco, adopting an approach based on the paradigms of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). It highlights several paradoxes and structural limitations within the water management system, offering theoretical recommendations based on the literature that are tailored to the country's climatic, social, and institutional contexts. One key theoretical conclusion concerns the excessive appropriation of water resources by agriculture, which accounts for up to 95% of withdrawals in some regions, despite contributing modestly to the national economy (around 13% of GDP). This dependency exposes the country to increased vulnerability due to the declining water resources, revealing a structural imbalance in water management. The article also highlights a paradox in the Green Morocco Plan. The adoption of more efficient irrigation technologies, such as drip irrigation, which is 100% subsidized, has paradoxically led to an increase in total water consumption. This phenomenon, known as the Jevons paradox, arises from the combination of increased agricultural productivity and intensified water use, particularly for exportoriented crops. The theoretical analysis further reveals that, despite the modernization of the legal framework (Law 36-15) and the adoption of IWRM, the inefficacy of reforms is linked to institutional fragmentation, poor coordination among stakeholders, and inadequate regulatory enforcement. These institutional deficits hinder sustainable water management and contribute to issues such as overexploitation of groundwater. Finally, a significant social and economic dimension emerges from the analysis, as public policies appear to favor large commercial farms over small farmers and local communities, exacerbating social inequalities. The article concludes that to ensure water sustainability in Morocco, it is essential to rethink agricultural economic incentives, improve intersectoral governance, and ensure greater social equity in water access. |
| Abstract: | Cet article aborde les défis théoriques liés à la durabilité de l'eau au Maroc en adoptant une approche basée sur les paradigmes de la gestion intégrée des ressources en eau (GIRE). Il met en évidence plusieurs paradoxes et limitations structurelles du système de gestion de l'eau, tout en proposant des recommandations théoriques fondées sur la littérature, adaptées aux contextes climatique, social et institutionnel du pays. Une première conclusion théorique porte sur l'appropriation excessive des ressources en eau par l'agriculture, qui représente jusqu'à 95% des prélèvements dans certaines régions, malgré une contribution modeste à l'économie nationale (environ 13% du PIB). Cette dépendance expose le pays à une vulnérabilité accrue face à la diminution des ressources en eau, soulignant un déséquilibre structurel dans la gestion de cette ressource vitale. En analysant le Plan Maroc Vert, l'article met en évidence un paradoxe lié à l'adoption de technologies d'irrigation plus efficaces, comme l'irrigation goutte-à-goutte, qui, bien que subventionnée à 100%, a paradoxalement conduit à une augmentation de la consommation d'eau. Ce phénomène, connu sous le nom de paradoxe de Jevons, découle de la combinaison d'une productivité agricole accrue avec une utilisation d'eau toujours plus intense, notamment pour les cultures orientées vers l'exportation. L'analyse théorique révèle également que malgré la modernisation du cadre législatif (loi 36- 15) et l'adoption de la GIRE, l'inefficacité des réformes est liée à une fragmentation institutionnelle, une coordination insuffisante des acteurs et une réglementation souvent peu appliquée. Ces déficits institutionnels empêchent une gestion durable de l'eau, contribuant à des problèmes comme l'exploitation excessive des nappes phréatiques. Enfin, une dimension sociale et économique importante émerge de l'analyse, car les politiques publiques semblent favoriser les grandes exploitations commerciales au détriment des petits agriculteurs et des communautés locales, exacerbant ainsi les inégalités sociales. L'article conclut que pour garantir la durabilité de l'eau au Maroc, il est nécessaire de repenser les incitations économiques agricoles, d'améliorer la gouvernance intersectorielle et de garantir une plus grande équité sociale dans l'accès à l'eau. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Water Management, Water policy, Climate change, Water Challenges, Water Scarcity in Morocco |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05219597 |
| By: | Fanny Henriet; Yannick Kalantzis; Matthieu Lemoine; Noëmie Lisack; Harri Turunen |
| Abstract: | The climate transition has long been considered as a long-term challenge, and the tools used to analyse it have been long-term models. At short- to medium-term horizons, forecasting models generally focus on demand effects of such a shock through the purchasing power of households. In this paper, we bridge the gap between these two approaches in order to study the effect of the Fit-for-55 package of the European Commission on the French economy by 2030, using an energy-augmented two-sector real model, FR-GREEN, as a source of shocks for the nominal forecasting model FR-BDF. We show that the benefit of reducing emissions implies some macro costs during the transition. In the short run, inflation increases substantially because of the direct effect of taxes levied on households. In the medium run, most of the total impact on output and inflation is due to large real supply effects from FR-GREEN. These supply effects come from a loss of apparent productivity implied by the transition from brown to green technologies, in the absence of any favourable assumption regarding technological progress potentially driven by the transition. |
| Keywords: | Energy, Climate, Transition, Carbon Tax, General Equilibrium |
| JEL: | Q43 Q54 Q58 E37 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:1000 |
| By: | Madalena Barata da Rocha; Heather Grabbe; Niclas Poitiers |
| Abstract: | Extreme weather is disrupting supply chains more often, making risk awareness, mitigation and global policy coordination increasingly vital |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bre:wpaper:node_11301 |
| By: | Esther Arenas-Arroyo (Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business); Jacob Fabian (Market Development, ISO New England); Friederike Mengel (Department of Economics, University of Essex and Erasmus University Rotterdam); Bernhard Schmidpeter (Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business); Michel Serafinelli (King's College London, ESCoE, RFBerlin, CESifo) |
| Abstract: | How does firms’ skill demand change as the business landscape evolves? We present evidence from the green transition by analyzing how hurricanes impact demand for green skills. These disasters signal the risks of not acting on environmental issues. Using data from U.S. online job postings (2010–2019) and hurricane paths, we create a new measure of green job postings. Firms in areas affected by hurricanes are 6.4% more likely to post jobs that require green skills after the event, particularly those serving local markets. |
| Keywords: | Green skills, Green transition, Online job postings, Hurricanes |
| JEL: | J23 Q54 L20 J24 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwwuw:wuwp385 |
| By: | Michel Grabisch (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris School of Economics); Elena Parilina (Saint Peterburg State University); Agnieszka Rusinowska (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, CNRS, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris School of Economics); Georges Zaccour (GERAD, HEC Montréal) |
| Abstract: | Dealing with climate change requires that all countries engage in costly efforts to reduce their emissions. Reaching this objective has so far been elusive because it is in the best interest of each country to let the others do the effort and benefit itself from a better environment. The presence of negative externalities and strategic behavior have made game theory a natural paradigm to design an international environmental agreement (IEA) that codifies what countries should do. Considering that countries are sovereign and no supranational entity can impose an agreement, a stream of literature adopted a noncooperative mode of play to the formation of an environmental coalition. On the other hand, as joint optimization of all countries’ payoff leads to the best outcome, cooperative games approach has also been proposed to share the cost of climate change. Both approaches have their pros and cons. In this paper, we propose a model of coalition formation that combines both cooperative and noncooperative modes of play. Starting from any given coalition, we implement a Markov process that shows sequentially which countries join or leave the coalition until reaching an absorbing state. All possible sequential scenarios are considered and an allocation to the player is made taking into account individual rationality. An illustration with vulnerable and invulnerable countries to pollution is given |
| Keywords: | Coalition Formation; International Environmental Agreement; Markov Process; Shapley Value |
| JEL: | C71 C72 F53 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:25020 |
| By: | Marie-Sophie Lappe; Francesco Nicoli |
| Abstract: | Green public procurement supports EU climate goals but may conflict with other objectives, creating trade-offs that challenge its effectiveness |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bre:wpaper:node_11304 |
| By: | Véronique Genre; Alice Magniez; David Nefzi; François Robin |
| Abstract: | As part of the G20 initiative to develop new climate indicators, we propose an original measure of the carbon footprint of French companies' foreign direct investment based on the CO2 emissions of around 2, 500 French multinational groups. This footprint is greater in Asia and Africa, even though the amounts invested are relatively lower. <p> S’inscrivant dans l’initiative du G20 visant à développer de nouveaux indicateurs climat, nous proposons une mesure originale de l'empreinte carbone des investissements directs étrangers des entreprises françaises basée sur les émissions de CO2 d'environ 2 500 groupes multinationaux français. Cette empreinte est plus forte en Asie et en Afrique alors que les montants investis y sont relativement plus faibles. |
| Date: | 2025–07–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:econot:409 |
| By: | Dhingra, Swati (London School of Economics); Kondirolli, Fjolla; Machin, Stephen (London School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Diverting waste away from and zero waste to landfills are key sustainability policy aims of local and national governments around the world, particularly in countries with large waste footprints from rapid consumption growth and urbanisation. Segregation at the source of waste generation can offer a low-cost solution to urban waste footprints, yet segregation rates are low in many places, especially in the cities of developing economies. This paper studies a staggered randomised intervention offering training and education to citizens about waste segregation. Citizens in the city of Patna in India were given training on waste segregation at source, recycling and its environmental benefits in a large experimental intervention undertaken in collaboration with the city administration. Segregation-at-source increased substantially among households that received the intervention, and additional boosts to segregation arose from spatial spillovers, as the programme delivered at least a double-digit benefit-cost ratio. Citizen training, when effectively designed and implemented, does deliver a low-cost solution for the cities of developing countries to both reduce their waste footprint and enhance local environmental sustainability. |
| Keywords: | experimental intervention, citizen training, waste, spatial spillovers |
| JEL: | Q53 Q54 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18124 |
| By: | Tristan Jourde; Quentin Moreaux |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces a market-based framework to study the effects of tail climate risks in the financial sector. In addition to identifying the financial institutions most vulnerable to physical and transition climate risks, our framework explores the potential for these risks to induce contagion effects in the financial sector. Based on the securities of large European financial institutions (including the UK) spanning from 2005 to 2022, we show that, unlike physical risk, transition risk significantly and increasingly influences systemic risk in the financial sector. We also examine the potential levers available to financial institutions and regulators to address climate-related financial risk. |
| Keywords: | Climate Risks, Contagion, ESG, Financial Stability, Systemic Risk |
| JEL: | G10 G20 G32 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:993 |
| By: | Lorenzo Emer; Andrea Mina; Andrea Vandin |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence (AI) is a key enabler of innovation against climate change. In this study, we investigate the intersection of AI and climate adaptation and mitigation technologies through patent analyses of a novel dataset of approximately 63 000 Green AI patents. We analyze patenting trends, corporate ownership of the technology, the geographical distributions of patents, their impact on follow-on inventions and their market value. We use topic modeling (BERTopic) to identify 16 major technological domains, track their evolution over time, and identify their relative impact. We uncover a clear shift from legacy domains such as combustion engines technology to emerging areas like data processing, microgrids, and agricultural water management. We find evidence of growing concentration in corporate patenting against a rapidly increasing number of patenting firms. Looking at the technological and economic impact of patents, while some Green AI domains combine technological impact and market value, others reflect weaker private incentives for innovation, despite their relevance for climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. This is where policy intervention might be required to foster the generation and use of new Green AI applications. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.10109 |
| By: | Papendieck, Sabine |
| Abstract: | Uruguayan legislation, through Law 15.939, the Forestry Law, and its regulations, defines native forest as “vegetative associations in which trees of any size predominate, whether exploited or not, and are capable of producing timber or other forest products, influencing soil conservation, hydro-logical regimes, or climate, or providing shelter or other benefits of national interest.” Additionally, under its regulations, Decree 452/988 establishes that forests are considered tree formations with a “minimum area of 2, 500 m²”. Furthermore, the General Directorate of Forestry (DGF), in the Native Forest Registration Guidelines, specifies that there must be at least 200 trees per hectare and a minimum coverage of 50%. |
| Keywords: | biodiversity; deforestation; ecosystems; legislation; Uruguay; Americas; South America |
| Date: | 2025–09–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:lacwps:176386 |
| By: | Ervin, Paul; Gayoso, Lyliana; Rubiano Matulevich, Eliana Carolina |
| Abstract: | Floods are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change, population growth, and land cover changes. In Paraguay, floods are the most common weather-related hazard and disproportionately impact poor and vulnerable populations. This study contributes to understanding household-level exposure to flood risk in Paraguay by combining geolocated household survey data with novel flood hazard maps. The study estimates that more than 23 percent of households are exposed to flood risk, with exposure varying by geography and household characteristics. Urban households living in poverty are among the most exposed, facing depths of flooding nearly four times higher than non-poor households, in smaller, more common flood events. The approach provides valuable insights for targeting flood risk reduction efforts and highlights the importance of considering socioeconomic vulnerability in disaster risk management. These findings underscore the multidimensional nature of vulnerability to flood risk, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas, and the need for integrated urban planning and poverty reduction strategies to address flood risk disparities effectively, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas. |
| Date: | 2025–09–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11215 |
| By: | Mulabdic, Alen; Nayyar, Gaurav; Stapleton, Katherine |
| Abstract: | The environmental Kuznets curve postulates an inverted-U relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth. And economic growth has been synonymous with structural transformation. How do patterns of growth and structural transformation relate to carbon emissions? Based on data across almost 100 countries between 1960 and 2017, we find that the movement of workers into the manufacturing and services sectors is associated with a higher carbon emissions intensity of GDP. However, this positive association diminishes at higher shares of employment in both the manufacturing sector and modern, knowledge-intensive services. The diminishing positive association between emissions intensity and structural transformation towards these sectors is more discernible for developing economies compared with advanced economies. Further, based on sector-specific carbon emissions across 66 countries between 1995 and 2018, we find evidence of convergence in the carbon emissions intensity of production across countries in all sectors, with the potential for further reductions in developing economies, especially given relatively high indirect carbon emissions through inter-sectoral linkages. |
| Date: | 2025–09–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11214 |
| By: | Alexandre Chirat (Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, CRESE UR3190, F-25000 Besançon, France); Basile Clerc (Université Paris Nanterre, EconomiX, UMR 7235, F-92000 Nanterre, France) |
| Abstract: | Drawing on the historical analogy with War Economy, this article investigates the concept of a “Climate War Economy” (CWE) to address the medium run macroeconomic imbalances inherent in the green transition. We argue that, as in war economies, the green transition is likely to generate a structural disequilibrium between constrained supply and rising demand, leading to medium-run inflationary pressures. This article uses the CWE analogy to open a broader discussion on the economic and political relevance of revisiting the macroeconomic stabilization tools deployed during World War II. It first examines how, in response to wartime constraints, governments suspended market mechanisms through price and quantity controls. Then, it explores the parallels with today’s green transition. By tracing the reasoning behind these interventions, the article shows how this historical experience can inform climate policy-makers and enriched ecological macroeconomics. Finally, the paper addresses the limitations of the war economy analogy, while arguing that price and quantity controls can be used to manage the macroeconomic imbalances of the green transition without undermining liberal democratic principles. |
| Keywords: | Green Transition, Inflation, Price control, War Economy, Planning |
| JEL: | Q54 P11 B00 N00 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crb:wpaper:2025-10 |
| By: | Cavit Baran; Janet Currie; Bahadir Dursun; Erdal Tekin |
| Abstract: | This paper provides the first nationwide evidence on how electric vehicle (EV) adoption has improved both air quality and child health. We assemble a rich dataset from 2010–2021 that links county-level EV registrations to measures of air pollution, birth outcomes, and emergency department visits. The endogeneity of EV adoption is addressed using two complementary strategies: Two-way fixed effects and instrumental variables (IV). The IV exploits the staggered rollout of Alternative Fuel Corridors as a source of exogenous variation in charging infrastructure that affected EV adoption. The estimates show that greater EV penetration significantly reduces nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a key pollutant linked to vehicular emissions. These improvements in air quality yield significant health benefits, including reductions in very low birth weight and very premature births, as well as fewer asthma-related emergency department visits among children ages 0 to 5. This is true even when potentially offsetting increases in pollution from the electricity generation needed to power EVs are accounted for. The benefits are higher in the high-pollution counties with Alternative Fuel Corridors, where baseline exposures are greatest. The resulting reductions in very low birth weight births alone could generate annual benefits of $1.2 to $4.0 billion. These findings underscore the dual environmental and public health benefits of EV adoption. |
| JEL: | I14 I18 Q53 R38 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34278 |
| By: | George Papaioannou; Angelos Alamanos; Mohammed Basheer; Nikolaos Nagkoulis; Vassiliki Markogianni; George Varlas; Angelos Plataniotis; Anastasios Papadopoulos; Elias Dimitriou; Phoebe Koundouri |
| Abstract: | Climate change-driven wildfires, especially in the Mediterranean, are not only becoming more frequent and severe but also amplifying flood risks by altering catchment hydrology. Yet, post-fire flood risk management remains inadequately addressed. In response, we develop an integrated simulation framework that combines meteorological, hydrological, hydraulichydrodynamic models and remote sensing techniques to represent post-wildfire flood hazards and support the design of Postwildfire Flood Protection Treatments (PFPTs). We utilize the framework to accurately represent a post-wildfire flash flood event in a Mediterranean catchment in Greece. The flood event is simulated under three scenarios: pre-wildfire, post-wildfire without any PFPTs in place (reality), and post-wildfire with PFPTs. The results show that the wildfire's impact on flood extent was around a 24.1% increase, but the PFPTs could have counterbalanced this impact. Moreover, we present an economic model for estimating the cost of the recommended PFPTs and the flood damage direct costs, combining an accounting and a semiautomated AI-based approach. The cost comparison reveals that the protection would have cost around 3.45mill EUR (just the 13.7% of the flood damage costs, 25.2mill EUR) potentially saving 6.37mill EUR in flood damage. By filling critical knowledge gaps, our study offers insights into the dynamics of post-wildfire flood events and provides policymakers with valuable insights for timely risk mitigation amidst escalating fire-related disasters. |
| Keywords: | Wildfires, Flood protection, Barrier treatments, In-channel Meteorological modelling, Remote Sensing, Protection Cost |
| Date: | 2025–09–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2553 |
| By: | Kling, Gerhard; Lo, Yuen C; Murinde, Victor; Volz, Ulrich |
| Abstract: | We present the first systematic investigation of the impact of climate vulnerability on the cost of sovereign debt using a sample of 46 developing and advanced countries from 1996 to 2016. We find that a subgroup of 25 developing countries with higher exposure to climate vulnerability—all of which are members of the V20 climate vulnerable forum—exhibit, on average, a 1.174% higher cost of debt. We estimate that 40 members of the V20 paid USD 62 billion in additional interest from 2007 to 2016 due to their climate vulnerability. We also find that a measure of social readiness has a negative impact on bond yields, suggesting that social and physical investments in adaptation and resilience can help mitigate climate risk-related financing costs. Our findings indicate that climate vulnerability can threaten sovereign debt sustainability and cause financial exclusion, thereby undermining investment in adaptation and accelerating a vicious cycle of climate vulnerability, debt and underdevelopment. |
| JEL: | Q54 H63 G12 |
| Date: | 2025–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129272 |
| By: | Rym Ayadi (City University of London); Yeganeh Forouheshfar (LEDA-DIAL - Développement, Institutions et Modialisation - LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres); Omid Moghadas (REGARDS - Recherches en Economie Gestion Agroressources Durabilité et Santé - CRIEG - Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Economie Gestion - MSH-URCA - Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne) |
| Abstract: | The growing urgency of climate change necessitates innovative strategies to enhance system resilience across many sectors. Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a transformative tool in this regard, yet existing research remains fragmented across sectors and regions. We conducted a systematic literature review of 385 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and early 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. The analysis classifies AI applications across nine key sectors and evaluates their relevance to adaptation, mitigation, or both. AI methodologies and regional distribution were also assessed. The findings show a dominant focus on adaptation (64.4%), with only 16% of studies addressing mitigation, and 19.4% engaging both. Classical Machine Learning techniques are the most used (51.4%), followed by deep learning models (22.3%). Regional disparities are evident: Asia and global-scale studies account for two-thirds of the literature, while Africa and South America are underrepresented. Sectorally, agriculture and urban infrastructure receive the most attention. Despite the promise of AI, major challenges persist in data access, model transparency, and equitable deployment, particularly in vulnerable regions. This review distinguishes itself by offering a comprehensive, cross-sectoral synthesis and emphasizing system-level resilience. It highlights the need for regionally tailored AI solutions, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical frameworks to ensure AI contributes meaningfully to global climate resilience efforts. |
| Abstract: | L'urgence croissante du changement climatique nécessite des stratégies innovantes pour renforcer la résilience des systèmes dans de nombreux secteurs. L'intelligence artificielle (IA) apparaît comme un outil transformateur à cet égard, mais les recherches existantes demeurent fragmentées selon les secteurs et les régions. Nous avons mené une revue systématique de la littérature portant sur 385 articles, publiés entre 2000 et le début de 2025, en suivant le protocole PRISMA. L'analyse classe les applications de l'IA dans neuf secteurs clés et évalue leur pertinence pour l'adaptation, l'atténuation (ou les deux) au changement climatique. Les méthodologies en IA ainsi que la répartition régionale ont également été examinées. Les résultats montrent une prédominance des travaux centrés sur l'adaptation (64, 4 %), tandis que seulement 16 % portent sur l'atténuation et 19, 4 % abordent les deux dimensions. Les techniques classiques d'apprentissage automatique sont les plus utilisées (51, 4 %), suivies par les modèles d'apprentissage profond (22, 3 %). Des disparités régionales sont évidentes : l'Asie et les études à l'échelle mondiale représentent les deux tiers de la littérature, tandis que l'Afrique et l'Amérique du Sud sont sous-représentées. Sectoriellement, l'agriculture et les infrastructures urbaines sont les plus représentés. Malgré le potentiel de l'IA, des défis majeurs persistent en matière d'accès aux données, de transparence des modèles et de déploiement équitable, en particulier dans les régions vulnérables. Cette revue se distingue en proposant une synthèse complète et intersectorielle, en mettant l'accent sur la résilience systémique. Elle souligne la nécessité de solutions d'IA adaptées aux contextes régionaux, de collaborations interdisciplinaires et de cadres éthiques afin de garantir une contribution significative de l'IA aux efforts mondiaux de résilience climatique. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence (AI), system resilience, climate change, green transition, sustainable development, climate adaptation, machine learning |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05268750 |
| By: | Dimitra Spyropoulou (Charles University Environment Centre, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic); Milan Scasny (Charles University Environment Centre, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates consumer preferences for passenger battery electric vehicles and their joint adoption with a residential solar photovoltaic system in Greece, where electric vehicle uptake remains low. Using discrete choice experiments, we analyse the preferences of 891 potential car buyers for conventional, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric vehicles, comparing scenarios where a battery electric vehicle is offered alone or as a bundle with subsidised home solar photovoltaics. Results indicate that offering a technology bundle shifts consumer preferences, with the most notable effect being a decrease in the likelihood of choosing conventional vehicles. The willingness to pay for the bundle also exceeds that for battery electric vehicles, suggesting that installing PV systems adds value to BEVs. Key factors influencing adoption include purchase price, operating costs, wallbox subsidies, and normal charging time, while driving range and fast-mode charging do not seem to significantly affect consumer preferences. However, the analysis reveals substantial unobserved preference heterogeneity across all attributes. Robustness checks support the validity of our results. These findings suggest that integrated green technology bundles can accelerate low-carbon transport adoption, supporting the EU decarbonisation targets through complementary renewable energy and electromobility solutions. |
| Keywords: | Battery Electric Vehicles; Photovoltaics; Technology bundle; Consumer choices; Discrete Choice Experiments; Willingness to Pay |
| JEL: | C15 D12 D90 Q42 Q55 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fau:wpaper:wp2025_16 |
| By: | Giner, Céline; Nauges, Céline; Hassett, Katherine |
| Abstract: | This analysis uses OECD survey data from over 8, 000 households in nine countries. The paper analyses household profiles via latent class analysis on the basis of both diet composition, as well as purchasing habits for products that are generally perceived to be environmentally sustainable. Results reveal four main household profiles that are distinguished by different broad patterns in these two behaviours. Household profiles are found to differ in terms of their socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards the environment, as well as with respect to their level of support for various food policies. Interestingly, results regarding the relationship between environmental attitudes and red meat consumption may suggest the existence of another “meat paradox” in the sense that one group of respondents reports high levels of environmental concern but also a high frequency of meat consumption |
| Keywords: | food choices; meat consumption; environment-friendly products; public policies; ; cognitive dissonance; latent-class analysis |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:130907 |
| By: | Cigna, Luca; Di Carlo, Donato; Durazzi, Niccolò |
| Abstract: | The green transition is fundamentally transforming contemporary economies and societies. This article investigates how European models of capitalism perform and specialize across the green value chain—conceptualized as innovation, manufacturing, services, and deployment—and how national skill formation systems underpin these specializations. Integrating insights from comparative capitalism literatures with descriptive statistics and principal component analysis (PCA), we develop and test expectations about growth regime‐specific patterns of green specialization and skill profiles. Our findings reveal marked cross‐national variation between green leaders and laggards: Nordic economies characterized by dynamic services and continental manufacturing‐based models are frontrunners in the green transition, while Eastern Europe's FDI‐led regimes and Southern Europe's demand‐led regimes emerge as laggards. Furthermore, PCA results uncover two distinct decarbonization pathways among European green leaders: one group of countries (Austria, Finland, Germany) specializes in green manufacturing, supported by high shares of STEM graduates; another (Denmark, Switzerland, and to a lesser extent Norway and Sweden) focuses on green innovation and dynamic services, sustained by a strong supply of STEM doctorates. This article contributes to political economy debates on the green transition by identifying distinct green specializations and decarbonization pathways across European models of capitalism and by underscoring the growing centrality of high‐level STEM skills in the green transition. |
| Keywords: | growth regimes; skill formation; global value chains; green transition; comparative political economy |
| JEL: | N0 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2025–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129591 |
| By: | Marie-Estelle Binet (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Maria Garcia-Valiñas (Universidad de Oviedo = University of Oviedo); Sara Suarez-Fernandez (Universidad de Oviedo = University of Oviedo) |
| Abstract: | Nudging has emerged as an alternative policy for managing water demand in the residential sector. Indeed, numerous field studies have been recently published to assess the impact of nudges on water consumption. In parallel, a substantial body of literature has developed in the field of behavioral economics, including laboratory experiments to evaluate the effects of nudge-type or boost treatments on individual behavior. However, the corresponding results are frequently overlooked in field studies. In this context, focusing on the residential water sector, the aim of this survey paper are, first, to review field experiments and address key issues in behavioral economics; and second, to present results obtained from laboratory experiments that could enhance nudging policies. We conclude by discussing additional unexplored areas and their policy implications. |
| Keywords: | Experimental economics, Water sustainable management, Nudging |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-04567861 |
| By: | Fichter, Klaus; Neumann, Thomas; Olteanu, Yasmin; Grothey, Tim |
| Abstract: | Ein zentrales Element dieser Forschung des Borderstep Instituts ist die systematische Langzeitvermessung des grünen Gründungs-Ökosystems in Deutschland. In diesem Jahr werden die daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse als „Green Startup Report 2025“ veröffentlicht. Die Studie markiert einen Meilenstein: Zum ersten Mal kommt eine neue, wissenschaftlich validierte Methodik zum Einsatz, die eine deutlich präzisere Analyse der Dynamik grüner Start-ups ermöglicht. Die Grundlage bilden Daten zu mehr als 12.000 jungen Unternehmen sowie über 50.000 Handelsregistereinträgen zu Investitionen in Start-ups. Damit bietet der Green Startup Report 2025 ein bislang unerreichtes Maß an empirischer Tiefe und ermöglicht fundiertere Aussagen über die Entwicklung nachhaltiger Geschäftsmodelle, ihre Marktchancen und ihren tatsächlichen Beitrag für den Klimaschutz. Die Analyse macht deutlich: Grüne Start-ups sind relevante Akteurinnen und Akteure der nachhaltigen Transformation. Sie entwickeln marktbasierte Lösungen für Umwelt- und Klimaschutz. Durch ihr unternehmerisches Handeln leisten sie einen messbaren Beitrag zur Erreichung nationaler und europäischer Klimaziele. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Entrepreneurship, Gründungs-Ökosystem, Nachhaltige Geschäftsmodelle, Marktchancen, Klimaschutz, Start-ups, Transformation, Klimaziele |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esrepo:325848 |
| By: | Aneli Bongers (Department of Economics, University of Malaga); Jose L. Torres (Department of Economics, University of Malaga) |
| Abstract: | Computing the so-called Business-as-Usual (BaU) scenario in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) that include environmental externalities is a non-trivial task. Traditionally, general equilibrium growth models with such externalities are solved in a centralized framework, where a social planner maximizes welfare by fully internalizing the environmental damage. This is the approach taken in the well-known DICE model by Nordhaus (1992). However, in DICE, the BaU scenario is defined as the planner’s solution with zero abatement, even though the externality is already internalized through investment decisions to maximize social welfare. This creates a mismatch when comparing the BaU scenario to the true first-best allocation. This paper solves the DISE-2024 (Dynamic Integrated Space Economy) model in a decentralized economy, using a fixed point method to compute orbital debris trajectories under a laissez-faire setting, and compares them with the first-best optimal trajectories from a centralized economy. |
| Keywords: | Orbital debris; Satellites; Integrated assessment models; Business-as-Usual; Competitive decentralized equilibrium |
| JEL: | D62 E21 Q53 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bhw:wpaper:08-2025 |
| By: | Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson |
| Abstract: | The definition of “forest” varies between countries, and while the differences may be marked by small subtleties, this can imply important divergences in what is understood by deforestation and/or forest degradation. A first approximation to the definition of forests in Paraguay arises from Art. 5 of Law 2524/04, on “zero deforestation” in the Eastern Region.1 There, “native forest” is defined as any native or autochthonous ecosystem, whether or not intervened, regenerated by natural succession or other forestry techniques, which occupies a minimum area of two hectares, characterized by the presence of mature trees of different ages, species and varied size, with one or more canopies that cover more than 50% (fifty percent) of that area and where there are more than sixty trees per hectare of fifteen or more centimeters in diameter measured at breast height. |
| Keywords: | biological diversity; deforestation; ecosystems; land use; Paraguay; Americas; South America |
| Date: | 2025–09–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:lacwps:176388 |
| By: | Auriane Meilland (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris); Franck Lecocq (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Since their adoption in 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with their ambition to be universal and indivisible, have become a dominant framework to discuss development matters, especially on the international stage. This work aims at bringing information on whether or not the SDGs provide a good mapping of development priorities as expressed by countries. We develop a new analysis of the SDG framework (within the 2030 Agenda) by systematically mapping the national development priorities displayed by 121 countries in their long-term development documents. We thus categorize each priority under its related SDG(s) and create a typology of documents, along with a visualization tool—which displays how SDGs are prioritized across countries. We show that only a few priorities do not fit in—notably some related to defence and population growth. Moreover, some SDGs are largely more prioritized, and there are many documents in which not all SDGs appear. The tool and database might inform many development-related questions—here enabling us to discuss the relevance and targeted universality of the 2030 Agenda in light of its connections with national development priorities. |
| Keywords: | 2030 Agenda, International cooperation, Development, Sustainable development goals, National development planning |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04816386 |
| By: | Khakimov, Parviz; Aragie, Emerta A.; Goibov, Manuchehr; Ashurov, Timur |
| Abstract: | Irrigation and timely access to sufficient volumes of water are vital to increase crops productivity, rural incomes, and food security (FAO 2023; World Bank 2021). In Tajikistan, irrigation sector faces several challenges and constraints such as: aged, poorly maintained infrastructure and poor management system that led low-quality irrigation services; limited investment in drainage infrastructure, inadequate maintenance, poor water management, and harmful irrigation practices that led salinization and waterlogging in some irrigated areas. In addition, the ongoing process of climate change and rising temperatures will increase crop water demands, while water supply reliability will decline, leading to more-severe, more-frequent water stress. The minimum required operation and maintenance on irrigation infrastructure estimated to be about US$35 million per year. Around 85 percent of cultivated land is irrigated and provides more than 90 percent of the total value of crop production. Since independence, the condition and performance of irrigation infrastructure has declined because of severe underfinancing. More than 40 percent of irrigated areas depend on pumping (the highest dependency in Central Asia), and many high-lift, high-volume pumping stations are in poor condition. Pumping is inefficient (~0.28 kWh/m3, which accounts for 20 percent of total national electricity use). The economic productivity of irrigation is among the lowest 5 percent of countries in the world (~0.21 USD/m) because of high water loss, predominance of low-value crops, and low yields. Irrigation is heavily subsidized but still underfunded. Between 2016 and 2019, the share of public agriculture expenditure on irrigation infrastructure was high (44.6 percent or 880.3 million Tajik Somoni). Irrigation is financed through direct transfers for electricity, government subsidies for pumping station staff costs, revenue from irrigation service fees, WUA membership fees (for on-farm operations and maintenance), and donor investments. More than 60 percent of irrigation capital expenditures (including flood protection) is donor financed (Khakimov et al. 2024; World Bank. SWIM Project 2022). |
| Keywords: | investment; infrastructure; agrifood systems; early warning systems; irrigation; Tajikistan; Asia; Central Asia |
| Date: | 2025–06–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ceaspb:35 |
| By: | Daniel J. Wilson |
| Abstract: | Understanding the effects of weather on macroeconomic data is critically important, but it is hampered by limited time series observations. Utilizing geographically granular panel data leverages greater observations but introduces a “missing intercept” problem: “global” (e.g., nationwide spillovers and GE) effects are absorbed by time fixed effects. Standard solutions are infeasible when the number of global regressors is large. To overcome these problems and estimate granular, global, and total weather effects, we implement a two-step approach utilizing machine learning techniques. We apply this approach to estimate weather effects on U.S. monthly employment growth, obtaining several novel findings: (1) weather, and especially its lags, has substantial explanatory power for local employment growth, (2) shocks to both granular and global weather have significant immediate impacts on a broad set of macroeconomic outcomes, (3) responses to granular shocks are short-lived while those to global shocks are more persistent, (4) favorable weather shocks are often more impactful than unfavorable shocks, and (5) responses of most macroeconomic outcomes to weather shocks have been stable over time but the consumption response has fallen. |
| Keywords: | weather; Macroeconomic fluctuations; employment growth; granular shocks |
| JEL: | Q52 Q54 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedfwp:101766 |
| By: | Gazze, Ludovica (University of Warwick and CAGE); Gupta, Tanu (University of Southampton Delhi); Huang, Allen (Weiyi) (St Hilda's College, University of Oxford); Londoño, Valentina (Universidad del Rosario); Saavedra, Santiago (Universidad del Rosario); Toma, Mattie (University of Warwick) |
| Abstract: | There is limited evidence on the non-health impacts of air pollution, including productivity in the workplace and behavior. We examine the effect of air pollution on participation, collaboration, and feedback provision in a workplace setting. Our experiment randomly assigns air purifiers to rooms at three large academic conferences to investigate the causal impact of air pollution on participants’ engagement behavior. We construct a participant engagement index based on 12 presentation-level behavioral outcomes directly measured by conference observers through an online form and weigh each behavioral outcome using weights elicited from an expert survey. Conference rooms treated with air purifiers exhibit 48% less PM2.5 concentration compared to control rooms. However, we do not find a statistically significant change in engagement. Communication in the workplace might not be a large driver of the empirical relationship between air quality and productivity, albeit more research is needed across workplaces and measures of communication. |
| Keywords: | Indoor air quality; Engagement; Workplace; Field Experiment JEL Classification: Q53, J24 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:773 |
| By: | Iraoya, Augustine Okhale; Balana, Bedru; Thomas, Timothy S.; Ferguson, Nathaniel; Bryan, Elizabeth |
| Abstract: | This country brief supports GCAN's goal of integrating gender, climate resilience, and nutrition considerations into policy by providing policymakers, program officers, and researchers with an analysis of Nige ria’s current situation and policy objectives in these areas. A recent study from Andam et al. (2023) underscores the vital role of Nigeria’s agrifood system in the country's economy. In 2019, Nigeria's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) stood at $469.3 billion, supported by a workforce of 66.8 million people (Andam et al. 2023). The agrifood sector made a substantial contribution, generating $175.3 billion in GDP and providing employment for 41.9 million individuals. This sector encompasses both primary agriculture and off-farm activities, including processing, trade, transport, food services, and input supply. Primary agriculture alone contributed $103.3 billion to GDP and employed 32.2 million people. Off-farm agrifood activities contributed approximately 40 percent of the agrifood GDP and 20 percent of agrifood employment (Andam et al. 2023). |
| Keywords: | gender; climate change; nutrition; resilience; agrifood systems; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Western Africa; Nigeria |
| Date: | 2025–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:gcanip:174789 |
| By: | Philippine Coeugnet (LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel, GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Julie Labatut (LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel, GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Michèle Tixier-Boichard (GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Xavier X Rognon (GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Sophie Allais (PEGASE - Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Nicolas Bédère (PEGASE - Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Isabelle Goldringer (GQE-Le Moulon - Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Gwendal Restoux (GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | The agroecological transition requires a better coupling of animal and plant productions to take advantage of reciprocal benefits. However, poultry farming is often disconnected from crop production at both farm and regional levels. Additionally, current breeds and varieties may struggle to adapt to the variable and heterogeneous environments often found in agroecological systems. Furthermore, the agroecological transition requires a shift in research practices, including the active engagement of non-scientific stakeholders to ensure effective field implementation. In this context, this study aimed to co-design agroecological systems integrating poultry with crops or fruit trees to enhance ecosystem services. The goal was to refine breeding objectives and optimize poultry sector organization in terms of feeding, genetics, and economics. To achieve this, we conducted semi-structured interviews with farmers across France who are experimenting with innovative practices in more integrated systems. Initial findings show that poultry-crop systems offer multiple benefits, including diversification, food autonomy, and biological pest control. However, they also present challenges, particularly due to unsuitable regulations and equipment. While farmers' satisfaction with current poultry genetics varies, all farmers seek greater independence from dominant industry players. Achieving this goal necessitates collaboration between, breeders, farmers and local stakeholders at the regional level. Building on this observation, we applied the DKCP (Define-Knowledge-Concept-Proposal) method to facilitate knowledge sharing and explore innovative ideas during a codesign process. This phase involved a group of organic farmers in the Massif Central, a mid-altitude region in central France. |
| Keywords: | Plant poultry systems, Participatory selection, Innovative design method, Poultry farming |
| Date: | 2025–08–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05266781 |
| By: | Julian Geis; Fabian Neumann; Michael Lindner; Philipp H\"artel; Tom Brown |
| Abstract: | As variable renewable energy increases and more demand is electrified, we expect price formation in wholesale electricity markets to transition from being dominated by fossil fuel generators to being dominated by the opportunity costs of storage and demand management. In order to analyse this transition, we introduce a new method to investigate price formation based on a mapping from the dual variables of the energy system optimisation problem to the bids and asks of electricity suppliers and consumers. This allows us to build the full supply and demand curves in each hour. We use this method to analyse price formation in a sector-coupled, climate-neutral energy system model for Germany, PyPSA-DE, with high temporal resolution and myopic foresight in 5-year steps from 2020 until full decarbonisation in 2045. We find a clear transition from distinct price levels, corresponding to fossil fuels, to a smoother price curve set by variable renewable energy sources, batteries and electrolysis. Despite higher price volatility, the fully decarbonised system clears with non-zero prices in 75% of all hours. Our results suggest that flexibility and cross-sectoral demand bidding play a vital role in stabilising electricity prices in a climate-neutral future. These findings are highly relevant for guiding investment decisions and informing policy, particularly in support of dynamic pricing, the expansion of energy storage across multiple timescales, and the coordinated development of renewable and flexibility technologies. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.10092 |
| By: | Magalhaes, Marilia; Bryan, Elizabeth; Go, Ara |
| Abstract: | The Gender, Climate Change and Nutrition Integration Initiative (GCAN), led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), has been working to integrate gender, climate resilience, and nutrition considerations into policy, interventions, and research since 2016. Since 2023, the initiative has been working in five focal countries with support from the Gates Foundation. |
| Keywords: | capacity development; climate resilience; gender; nutrition; policy innovation; climate change; Ethiopia; India; Kenya; Nigeria; Senegal; Africa; Eastern Africa; Asia; Southern Asia; Western Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Date: | 2025–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:gcanpn:175829 |
| By: | Camille Fabre; Paul Vertier |
| Abstract: | While African countries have a particularly rich biodiversity, this has been deteriorating markedly for several decades, and seems to be accelerating in recent years. This degradation of biodiversity has consequences both at local level—African populations, mostly rural, are heavily dependent on ecosystem services—and at global level, given the major implications of biodiversity degradation for global warming, health, food security and global financial stability. Biodiversity conservation in Africa is therefore a major challenge, and its linkage with the continent’s economic development objectives raises a number of issues. To study this question, this paper combines geolocated data on economic activity and on a specific measure of biodiversity, namely vertebrate population counts, between 1990 and 2015. It shows that an increase in local economic activity is associated with a decline in local vertebrate populations, and discusses this result in light of the challenges facing Africa. It also documents the protection measures implemented both locally and globally to promote biodiversity preservation, as well as the challenges they face. |
| Keywords: | Biodiversity, Growth, Africa, Development |
| JEL: | Q57 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:984 |
| By: | Honeycutt, Sydney; Wyatt, Amanda; Lundy, Mark; Brouwer, Inge D. |
| Abstract: | From 2022-2024, the CGIAR Research Initiative on Sustainable Healthy Diets through Food Systems Transformation (SHiFT) combined high-quality nutritional and social science research with development and policy partnerships to generate innovative food systems solutions that contributed to sustainable healthy diets. Through a country-led approach, SHiFT supported the design and implementation of national food systems transformation activities in Viet Nam, Ethiopia, and Bangladesh, aiming to achieve sustainable healthy diets while also working toward improved livelihoods, gender equity, and social inclusion. Following the 2021 United Nations Food Systems Summit (UNFSS), countries were encouraged to define pathways for transforming their food systems to align with the 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).2 Many countries have since developed national action plans to operationalize these pathways, requiring coordinated multisectoral efforts. SHiFT contributed to this process by generating evidence and supporting national stakeholders in developing context-specific food systems solutions. This brief introduces SHiFT’s country engagement strategy and explains how SHiFT supported collaborative pathways and processes in each target country during its initial phase. Consumers and Food Environments, Area of Work 1 in the new CGIAR Science Program on Better Diets and Nutrition, will build upon the SHiFT approach starting in 2025 through 2030. |
| Keywords: | food systems; healthy diets; nutrition; sustainability; transformation; Vietnam; Ethiopia; Bangladesh; Asia; South-eastern Asia; Africa; Eastern Africa; Southern Asia; Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Date: | 2025–07–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:175794 |
| By: | Oliwia Kurtyka (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Rania Mabrouk (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes) |
| Abstract: | The extent to which innovation is good news for environment depends not only on the research and development incentives but also on adoption stimulus. We analyze firm's choice of abatement technology in vertical chains. A downstream polluting monopoly can sign a contract with an upstream supplier of mature end-of-pipe equipment or develop an in-house clean technology. We show that contracting plays a crucial role in the efficiency of environmental regulation in spurring adoption. We find that polluter's innovation may be undertaken only to increase bargaining power and a share of industry profits he manages to capture. Consequently, polluter's and regulator's interests are not always aligned. The role of regulator as a technology forcing authority is partially confirmed in regions of under-investment. However, the regulator may not be able to trigger innovation and/or adoption if clean technology increases marginal costs too much. On the other hand, regulator may become laxer and oppose innovation in case of over-investment. All these results rely upon the creation of total profits from the integrated vertical structure and the partitioning rule. |
| Keywords: | Bargaining, Regulation, Vertical chain, End-of-pipe equipment, Clean technology, Abatement technology, Environmental innovation |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05244378 |
| By: | Lykke E. Andersen (SDSN Bolivia); Fabiana Argandoña (SDSN Bolivia); Diego Calderón (SDSN Bolivia); Sergio Choque (SDSN Bolivia); Alvaro Muñoz (SDSN Bolivia); Carla Olmos (SDSN Bolivia); Sebastián Miranda (SDSN Bolivia) |
| Abstract: | Este estudio hace una estimación de los diferentes servicios ecosistémicos brindados por las áreas naturales en Bolivia. Actualmente, el beneficio que perciben las poblaciones locales se encuentra en el orden de USD 3, 4 mil millones por año, generados principalmente a través de la provisión de agua para consumo y generación de energía, sustento para cultivos, turismo y recreación. Sin embargo, si se incluye valores globales, como secuestro de carbono y protección de biodiversidad, y si se aprovecha de manera sostenible el gran potencial de las áreas naturales, el valor económico total anual potencial se encuentra en el orden de USD 29 mil millones. De estos USD 29 mil millones, aproximadamente el 20% son generados dentro de las AP nacionales y 21% dentro de las AP subnacionales. Si juntamos además los territorios indígenas, estas áreas generan aproximadamente el 56% del valor total. Dado que el secuestro de carbono y la protección de biodiversidad predominan en el valor total, las áreas boscosas son las que más contribuyen. Además, el hecho que la gran mayoría de los beneficios son globales en vez de locales, significa que el apoyo internacional es clave y necesario para mantener estos servicios en el largo plazo. |
| Keywords: | Servicios ecosistémicos, valoración económica, Áreas Protegidas, Territorios Indígenas, Bolivia. |
| JEL: | Q20 Q51 Q56 Q57 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iad:sdsnwp:0125 |
| By: | Lola Blandin; Hélène Bouscasse; Sandrine Mathy |
| Abstract: | Social (in)justice is an argument often put forward to explain the successive setbacks to the roll-out of low-emission zones (LEZs) in France. However, until now, this is not based on any rigorous assessment. We are developing a methodology for assessing the impact of a LEZ on mobility vulnerabilities based on a multidimensional vulnerability indicator (VulMob). We apply this methodology to the Grenoble region. Firstly, we show that the number of households without a solution is extremely low and that there are solutions to help these households specifically, without calling the whole policy into question. Moreover, modal shift appears to be a high-potential adaptation solution for all households, which could improve the environmental and health performance of the LEZs. It should be noted, however, that highly vulnerable households are more affected and more likely to remain without a solution other than buying a car that complies with the LEZ. This work can guide the operational implementation of the LEZs and the definition of support policies, taking into account vulnerability profiles and the specific characteristics of the area. |
| Keywords: | Low Emission Zones, Mobility, Modal Shift, Public Policy Evaluation, Vulnerabilities. |
| JEL: | Q52 Q58 R48 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gbl:wpaper:2025-05 |
| By: | Albanese, Andrea (Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER)); Deschenes, Olivier (Department of Economics, University of California, Santa Barbara); Gathmann, Christina (Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER)); Nieto, Adrian (Department of Economics, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides novel evidence of the impact of temperature fluctuations on retirement behavior and underlying mechanisms, combining 30 years of rich longitudinal survey data with granular daily weather information. Exposure to cold and hot temperatures accelerates transitions into retirement, particularly among individuals unaccustomed to such conditions, and the effects are strongest among vulnerable populations facing greater health challenges and limited access to healthcare. Extreme temperatures deteriorate health through a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases and strokes, reducing individuals' ability to work, while better access to healthcare mitigates the adverse effects of extreme temperatures on retirement behavior. |
| Keywords: | Temperature; Health; Retirement; Healthcare; |
| JEL: | I14 I18 J26 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–09–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lunewp:2025_008 |
| By: | Armande Mahabi Nabami; Anaëlle Petre; Roy Mersland (UIA - University of Agder) |
| Abstract: | Abstract This paper investigates the impact of integrating climate change interventions in informal community‐based institutions called savings groups. By integrating climate‐related activities into these groups, the aim is to simultaneously strengthen the group's financial activities as well as improve knowledge and investment capacity in climate adaptation. We find that the introduction of the training increases meeting attendance rate and average loan sizes, suggesting that members can access larger sums for investment to implement the knowledge acquired during the training. We provide evidence that there are opportunities for economies of scope and for a larger positive impact on the livelihoods of the populations at the bottom of the pyramid by combining financial services offered in the savings groups and climate‐related interventions. |
| Keywords: | D14, G23, G51, L31, O12, O19, Q52, D14 G23 G51 L31 O12 O19 Q52 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05221045 |
| By: | Srivastava, Nandita; Hema, Aboubacar; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Ulimwengu, John M.; Benin, Samuel |
| Abstract: | Niger faces rampant food insecurity, malnutrition, and environmental degradation. The transformation of food systems to tackle such challenges hinges on the capacity and effectiveness of institutional frameworks. To analyze the status, challenges, and strengths of Niger’s food system, a mapping and capacity needs assessment was conducted at three levels—enabling environment, institutional, and individual. Based on the assessment, leadership concerns on strategic guidance were observed at the policy process level, with major issues such as the incidence of corruption, infrastructure constraints, and lack of reliable data availability. At the institutional level, lack of an interconnected network and mutual accountability, resource and funding constraints, and high staff turnover have adversely impacted overall institutional performance. Availability of reliable data evidence is limited or absent due to weak monitoring and evaluation systems and decentralized capacity, lack of sufficient local support, transparency issues in strategy development, and selection bias. At the individual level, there is a need to improve technical capacity on analytical thinking, quantitative and qualitative research tools, and the dissemination of communication, outreach, and information. Despite the climate change-related challenges in the country, there is less focus on environmental management, adaptation, and advanced technology implementation. The underrepresentation of key areas such as socio-cultural dynamics, governance, social protection, and cross sectoral collaboration indicates a potential lack of integration in policymaking and implementation. Overall, there is an urgent need to reallocate resources to enhance the focus on underrepresented yet critical food systems areas, enhance inter-ministerial and cross-sectoral collaboration to ensure a more integrated approach to food systems management, and incorporate social inclusion and equity considerations. Forward-looking strategies should be developed that anticipate and respond to emerging challenges such as demographic shifts, globalization effects, and technological changes. |
| Keywords: | food systems; food insecurity; malnutrition; capacity assessment; environmental degradation; governance; institutions; Niger; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2025–09–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:176348 |
| By: | Marivoet, Wim; Diatta, Ampa Dogui; Thomas, Timothy S.; Ferguson, Nathaniel; Bryan, Elizabeth |
| Abstract: | This country brief supports GCAN's goal of integrating gender, climate resilience, and nutrition considerations into policies, interventions, and research by providing policymakers, program officers, and researchers with an analysis of Senegal’s current situation and policy landscape in these areas. In 2019, the agrifood system of Senegal accounted for 36% of total GDP and employed 43% of the total work force. The off-farm components (i.e., processing, trade/transport, food services, and input supply) are slightly more (less) important than primary agriculture in terms of GDP (employment), which implies that labor productivity is higher for off-farm activities. The most important value chains as a percentage of total agrifood system’s GDP are groundnuts (15%), cattle/dairy (14%), and sorghum/millet and fish (both around 11%) (Diao et al. 2023). In part due to important food losses observed during storage and distribution, Senegal’s agrifood system is generally failing to provide nutritious and affordable diets to its population. In fact, total food supplies are dominated by energy-dense food items, with supplies in fruit and pulses amounting to only 55 and 15 grams per capita per day, respectively, resulting in 50% of all Senegalese being unable to afford a healthy diet in 2022. |
| Keywords: | agrifood systems; climate change; climate resilience; gender; nutrition; policies; Senegal; Africa; Western Africa |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:gcanip:173369 |
| By: | Hardaker, Adam; Asanov, Igor; Bartoš, František; Bruns, Stephan B. |
| Abstract: | Behavioral interventions on citizens are often promoted as a low-cost route to induce environmen-tally friendly behavior, yet published estimates of their effectiveness are highly variable and prone to selective reporting. We reanalyzed the evidence of behavioral interventions on citizens. We con-ducted Robust Bayesian Meta-Analysis (RoBMA), averaging across a full set of publication-bias adjusted models, to the 144 effect estimates (91 studies) compiled by Nisa et al. (2019). The bias-adjusted model-averaged posterior mean standardized effect of behavioral interventions on citizens is shrunk to 0.00 (95 % credible interval 0.00; 0.00), with a Bayes factor of 66 favoring the null. Accordingly, the previously reported noteworthy mean benefit of -0.093 (95% confidence interval -0.123; -0.063) of behavioral interventions, including promising light-touch interventions (nudges or social comparison), on households and individuals is an artefact of publication bias. There is, how-ever, evidence for small between-study heterogeneity, indicating that some specific interventions might have an effect. Exploratory subgroup tests offered only weak, inconsistent hints of context-specific gains. These results imply that, on average, behavioral interventions on households and individuals are unlikely to deliver material climate benefits. |
| Keywords: | Behavioral interventions, Climate change mitigation, Publication bias, Robust Bayes-ian Meta-Analysis, Pro-environmental behavior |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:263 |
| By: | Jérémi Montornès; Alexandre Bourgeois |
| Abstract: | Made in France, defined as domestic value added content of the final domestic demand, fell by 11 points between 1965 and 2019, from 89% to 78%. This downward trend is common to European countries and reflects the growing globalization process of recent decades. The location of a production plant in France has consequences throughout the value chain. These spillovers increase the positive effects of setting up a new plant on economic activity and employment in France, compared to the creation of a similar plant abroad. The spillover effect, defined as the total value added of the new plant and its suppliers compared to the value added of the new plant alone, and simulated here under the strong assumption that the supply chain of the new plant is similar to those of existing firms, would be around 2.0 in manufacturing industry and 1.6 in market services. If greenhouse gas emissions from production increase in France, they decrease worldwide, since production in France is less carbon-intensive than in the countries that supply imports. |
| Keywords: | Multi-Regional Input-Output Model, Reshoring, Carbon Footprint |
| JEL: | C67 F62 Q53 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:992 |
| By: | Dariusz Turek (Warsaw School of Economics - Warsaw School of Economics); Agnieszka Wojtczuk-Turek (Warsaw School of Economics - Warsaw School of Economics); Fiona Edgar (University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.); Nataliya Podgorodnichenko; Belgin Okay-Somerville (University of Glasgow); Na Fu (University of Dublin); Anna Lupina-Wegener; Howard J Klein (OSU - The Ohio State University [Columbus]); Gulcin Akbas; Bassam Samir Al-Romeedy; Eleni Apospori; Janine Bosak (DCU - Dublin City University [Dublin]); Adriana Caldana; Eleonora Crapolicchio; Jennifer Chavanovanich; Guillaume Desjardins; Angela Dorrough; Patrick Dunlop; Divina Edralin; Arum Etikariena; Denise Fernando; Lady Brigitte Galvez Sierra; Nicolas Gillet (QualiPsy - Qualité de vie et Santé psychologique [Tours] - UT - Université de Tours, IUF - Institut universitaire de France - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche); Sergio Madero-Gómez; Francisca Gutiérrez-Crocco; Carolin Haeffner; Paul Hutchings; Tiphaine Huyghebaert-Zouaghi (C2S - Cognition, Santé, Société - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé) - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - MSH-URCA - Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, QualiPsy - Qualité de vie et Santé psychologique [Tours] - UT - Université de Tours); Hiroshi Ikeda; Maria Järlström; Marc Jekel; Dorthe Høj Jensen; Jerin Jose; Serdar Karabatı; Mary Kinahan; Martin Lauzier; Abiodun Lawal; Alon Lisak; Pedro Leiva; Shera Malayeri; Claudia Manzi; Marco Giovanni Mariani; Khatuna Martskvishvili; Claude-Hélène Mayer; Katarzyna Mikołajczyk; María José Charlo Molina; Silvia Moscatelli; Matteo Mösli; Felix Neto; Joana Neto; Erico Rentería-Pérez; Narumol Petchthip; Ceri Phelps; Segundo Gonzalo Pazmay-Ramos; Maia Robakidze; Dayamy Lima Rojas; Alice Salendu; Marco Salvati; Mercedes Sánchez-Apellániz; Susana Schmitz; Timur Sevincer; Masoumeh Seydi; Akihito Shimazu; Bertina Sjabadhyni; Katie Sullivan; Marina Greghi Sticca; Harry Susianto; Le Tan; Beril Turkoglu; Klaske Veth; Serena Wee; Gangfeng Zhang |
| Abstract: | Purpose The article discusses the relationships between sustainable HRM and organizational identification, conceptualized at the individual level, and the moderating role of cultural dimensions conceptualized at the country level (described in GLOBE's framework). The study's theoretical model based on social exchange theory proposes that sustainable HRM practice increases organizational identification. However, the strength of this identification depends on the dimensions of national culture. Thus, we assumed national culture functions as a second-level moderator in the relationship between sustainable HRM and organizational identification. Design/methodology/approach We conducted the study with data from 10, 421 employees across 35 countries. We used a multilevel modeling approach for data analysis. Findings The study revealed the cross-level interaction effects of national culture on the relationship between sustainable HRM practice and organizational identification. Specifically, the results indicate that sustainable HRM strengthens employees' organizational identification more in cultures with higher levels of gender egalitarianism and lower levels of humane orientation. Originality/value This study demonstrates that the relationship between sustainable HRM practices and employees' organizational identification is culturally sensitive. It highlights the need to consider cultural context when assessing the impact of sustainable HRM practices on employee outcomes. Furthermore, it shows that certain cultural dimensions can enhance the effect of sustainable HRM practices. |
| Date: | 2025–05–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05223789 |
| By: | Jean-Francois Dewals (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Sterenn Lucas (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Fabienne Daures (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Pascal Le Floc’h (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Kilian Heutte (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Labels are currently numerous and diverse in the fishery and aquaculture products (FAPs) market, providing consumers with information about the different attributes of FAPs. This extensive development implies that consumers have to face trade-off situations. This paper aims (1) to identify which labels are most valued by consumers when they face a trade-off situation, (2) to study the consumption profiles behind these preferences and (3) to suggest ways of improving the efficiency of labelling policies. Based on a survey conducted in 2021 (n = 1 427), this article describes FAPs consumers' preferences for labelled FAPs. To do so, each consumer was asked to rank their favourite scheme from a pool of nine hypothetical labels related to specific FAPs characteristics. Then, we used a mixed multinomial logit model (MMLM) with marginal effects to analyse consumption profiles. Our results show heterogeneity among consumers regarding labelled FAPs. Overall, labels that ensure intrinsic qualities remain preferred to labels linked to ethical considerations. Moreover, while preferences for domestic productions are prominent, there is a very wide gap with real purchasing behaviour. Furthermore, this study shows that personal motivation, age, gender, knowledge or place of residence influence the preferences expressed. Labels are a policy tool used to reform the FAPs value chain. Nevertheless, they are struggling to achieve their objectives. Our results can be useful for better targeting the messages to be implemented, improving the efficiency of labelling policies and helping consumers to make informed and sustainable choices |
| Keywords: | Multinomial mixed logit model, France, Seafood, Consumers’ preferences, Labelling schemes, Multiple choices |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04678630 |
| By: | Hossein Moradi (RMIT Europe - Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology - Europe); Rouba Iskandar (LIG - Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Sebastian Rodriguez (RMIT University - Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University); Dhirendra Singh (CSIRO Data61 [Sydney] - CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Australia]); Julie Dugdale (Institut Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble (IMAG), LIG - Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Dimitrios Tzempelikos; Athanasios Sfetsos (NCSR - National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos"); Evangelia Bakogianni (NCSR - National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos"); Evrydiki Pavlidi (NCSR - National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos"); Josué Díaz; Margalida Ribas (UIB - Universitat de les Illes Balears = Universidad de las Islas Baleares = University of the Balearic Islands); Alexandre Moragues (UIB - Universitat de les Illes Balears = Universidad de las Islas Baleares = University of the Balearic Islands); Joan Estrany (UIB - Universitat de les Illes Balears = Universidad de las Islas Baleares = University of the Balearic Islands) |
| Abstract: | Agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used in disaster evacuation simulation to capture system level dynamics. While ABMs are often combined with human behavior models (HBMs), few approaches integrate these with infrastructure and demographic data that are carefully modeled using local knowledge, along with hazard-specific impacts and policy settings. Even fewer embed this integration within a co-creation loop that involves local stakeholders throughout the entire development lifecycle, from conception and design to implementation, testing, and beyond. This paper introduces the methodology that we developed to address this gap by combining a structured cocreation process with technical simulation development. The co-creation process engages local stakeholders, planners, and experts to iteratively shape evacuation scenarios, define assumptions, and validate outcomes, ensuring the model aligns with local realities. These inputs are translated into a multi-dimensional simulation framework built in MATSim, integrating network and infrastructure models, hazard effects, population, and behavior modeling enhanced through Belief-Desire-Intention cognitive architectures. We applied this methodology in different case study areas, demonstrating its capacity to simulate heterogeneous evacuation dynamics and provide diverse performance metrics. Finally, we explore how this methodology can be applied in other hazards, geographic regions, and evacuation scenarios, offering pathways for broader application and future development. |
| Keywords: | Disaster Preparedness, Disaster Evacuation Simulation, Co-creation Processes, Human Behavior Models, Agent-Based Models |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05267465 |
| By: | Growiec, Jakub; Prettner, Klaus |
| Abstract: | We investigate the salience of extinction risk as a source of impatience. Our Framework distinguishes between human extinction risk and individual mortality risk while allowing for various degrees of intergenerational altruism. Additionally, we consider the evolutionarily motivated "selfish gene" perspective. We find that the risk of human extinction is an indispensable component of the discount rate, whereas individual mortality risk can be hedged against partially or fully, depending on the setup-through human reproduction. Overall, we show that in the face of extinction risk, people become more impatient rather than more farsighted. Thus, the greater the threat of extinction, the less incentive there is to invest in avoiding it. Our framework can help explain why humanity consistently underinvests in mitigation of catastrophic risks, ranging from climate change mitigation, via pandemic prevention, to addressing the emerging risks of transformative artificial intelligence. |
| Keywords: | Discounting; Human Extinction; Mortality; Idiosyncratic Risk; Aggregate Risk; Risk Mitigation |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wus005:77527408 |
| By: | Bealem, Tigist Endashaw; Ferguson, Nathaniel; Thomas, Timothy S.; Zerfu, Taddese Alemu; Bryan, Elizabeth |
| Abstract: | This brief provides an overview of Ethiopia’s climate risks, gender dynamics, and nutrition challenges and includes discussion of how these issues are intertwined, an overview of the policy landscape, and recommendations for strengthening the integration of gender, climate change and nutrition in the country. With a population of approximately 126.5 million people as of 2023, Ethiopia ranks as the second most populous country in Africa and stands out as one of the region's fastest-growing economies, with an economic growth rate of almost 10% per year over the last 15 years (World Bank, 2024). Ethiopia’s agrifood system accounted for 48% of Ethiopia’s national GDP and 77.2% of employment in 2019. Pri mary agriculture alone contributed more than 1/3 of GDP and 2/3 of employment, while other parts of the agrifood system such as processing, trade, and input supply contributed 12.8 percent to GDP and 9.4 percent to employment (Diao et al., 2023). The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers who cultivate a diverse array of crops, including cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, and vegetables (Dawid & Mohammed, 2021). Women make up more than 40% of the agriculture labor force and head approximately 25% of all farming households in the country (World Bank, 2019). |
| Keywords: | climate change; gender; nutrition; economic growth; agrifood systems; Ethiopia; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2025–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:gcanip:174904 |
| By: | Baorui Li; Xincheng Ma; Brian Rongqing Han; Daizhong Tang; Lei Fu |
| Abstract: | As platforms increasingly deploy robots alongside human labor in last-mile logistics, little is known about how contextual features like product attributes, environmental conditions, and psychological mechanisms shape consumer preference in real-world settings. To address this gap, this paper conducts an empirical study on consumer choice between human versus robot service, analyzing 241, 517 package-level choices from Alibaba's last-mile delivery stations. We identify how product privacy sensitivity, product value, and environmental complexity affect consumer preference. Our findings reveal that consumers are significantly more likely to choose robot delivery for privacy-sensitive packages (11.49%) and high-value products (0.97% per 1% increase in value), but prefer human couriers under adverse weather conditions (1.63%). These patterns are robust to alternative specifications and controls. These results also underscore that delivery choices are shaped not only by functional considerations but also by psychological concerns, highlighting the need for context-aware service design that aligns strategies with consumer perceptions. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.11562 |
| By: | Rémi Avignon (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Etienne Guigue (LMU - Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] - LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] = Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, KU Leuven - Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) |
| Abstract: | L'idée d'introduire des prix planchers dans les filières agricoles a récemment refait surface dans le débat public. Mesure phare de la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) des années 1970-1980, les prix planchers ont pourtant été source d'inefficacité et laissé de mauvais souvenirs. Cette note montre cependant qu'un prix plancher sur la matière première peut être source d'efficacité dans les filières où les agriculteurs font face à des acheteurs ayant du pouvoir de monopsone, c'est-à-dire étant capables de peser négativement sur les prix. Ainsi, dans la filière lait de vache, le lait est acheté par les industriels, en moyenne sur la période 2003-2018, à un prix inférieur de 16% aux profits marginaux qu'ils en tirent. Un prix plancher, indexé sur les cours internationaux des denrées agricoles, peut alors conduire à une meilleure rémunération des agriculteurs sans nécessairement nuire aux consommateurs, via une réduction des marges des industriels à l'achat de matière première. Le prix plancher peut également améliorer l'efficacité des politiques de soutien de l'offre agricole (subventions, politique commerciale, assurance subventionnée). Un examen approfondi de la situation des autres filières est nécessaire pour juger de l'opportunité d'une mise en place plus large de prix planchers. |
| Date: | 2024–12–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04986932 |
| By: | Jakub Growiec (SGH Warsaw School of Economics); Klaus Prettner (Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the salience of extinction risk as a source of impatience. Our Framework distinguishes between human extinction risk and individual mortality risk while allowing for various degrees of intergenerational altruism. Additionally, we consider the evolutionarily motivated "selfish gene" perspective. We find that the risk of human extinction is an indispensable component of the discount rate, whereas individual mortality risk can be hedged against partially or fully, depending on the setup-through human reproduction. Overall, we show that in the face of extinction risk, people become more impatient rather than more farsighted. Thus, the greater the threat of extinction, the less incentive there is to invest in avoiding it. Our framework can help explain why humanity consistently underinvests in mitigation of catastrophic risks, ranging from climate change mitigation, via pandemic prevention, to addressing the emerging risks of transformative artificial intelligence. |
| Keywords: | Discounting, Human Extinction, Mortality, Idiosyncratic Risk, Aggregate Risk, Risk Mitigation |
| JEL: | I30 O11 O33 Q01 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwwuw:wuwp386 |
| By: | Battaglia, Marianna (Universidad de Alicante); Egyir, John (University of Barcelona); Garcia-Hombrados, Jorge (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) |
| Abstract: | We examine the empirical relationship between exposure to disasters and tightness of social norms, focusing on the practice of female genital cutting (FGC) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Social norms tightness refers to the extent to which cultural groups enforce adherence to norms and punish deviations. It is a key factor in shaping how societies function and individuals behave, influencing everything from social order and conflict to collective effort and institutional dynamics, and often emerges and evolves as an adaptive response to adverse events. Drawing on occurrences of epidemics and natural disasters, we find that individuals surveyed in the aftermath of a disaster in their region adhere 4 to 6 percent of a standard deviation more closely to the opinions about FGC in their groups compared to those interviewed just before the disaster occurred. This effect is particularly pronounced among women and rural populations. By examining variations in early life exposure to disasters across birth cohorts within countries, we find that this effect persists over time and is strongest when the disaster occurs during the transition from childhood to early adolescence. |
| Keywords: | natural disasters, epidemics, cooperation, social norms, Sub-Saharan Africa |
| JEL: | D1 D7 I15 O1 O55 Z1 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18144 |
| By: | Eyal G. Frank; Kimberly Oremus |
| Abstract: | In 1996, with United States fish populations in decline, Congress overhauled fishing laws with scientific thresholds for rebuilding overfished stocks. The law's impact is contested, and lawmakers have spent over a decade debating its reauthorization while countries around the world consider similar policies. We develop the first causally interpretable evaluation of this law, exploiting the fact that the European Union has comparable fisheries but only recently developed similar laws. Compiling comprehensive data on US and EU fishery status and management, we examine fish populations that decline to unhealthy levels and measure the effect of a policy that aims to rebuild them to health. We find treated populations increase by 52 percent relative to these counterfactuals, with both catch and revenue rebounding to baseline levels or greater. Analyzing fisheries' revenue, we find net present values are higher for at least 69 percent of rebuilt stocks compared to simulated counterfactuals. |
| JEL: | Q0 Q2 Q50 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34237 |
| By: | Paula Patzelt |
| Abstract: | This paper identifies electricity supply shocks by exploiting the fact that variations in wind speed at turbine locations are exogenous with respect to macroeconomic outcomes and drive electricity prices in European wholesale markets inframarginally. Instrumenting electricity price changes with these wind supply shocks, I find that higher electricity prices raise inflation and reduce electricity use as expected, but generate surprising effects on economic activity. Unemployment rises, but industrial production also rises over time, and the effect on GDP is negligible. As these effects differ markedly from the impact of oil price shocks, they suggest that as economies shift from fossil fuels to renewable electricity, business cycle dynamics may persistently change. |
| Keywords: | business cycle, prices, energy supply, energy shocks, wind energy |
| JEL: | E31 E32 Q42 Q43 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12146 |
| By: | Victor Orestes; Thiago Silva; Henry Zhang |
| Abstract: | We use transaction-level data on payments, credit, and insurance to examine how Brazilian farmers responded to the severe frost of July 2021, a shock that affected coffee, a perennial crop whose plants are a major component of farm value. The frost shock reduced both output and the pledgeable value of farmers’ collateral. We find that insured farmers increased investment in the years following the shock, while uninsured farmers reduced investment and borrowing. We show how this pattern is consistent with models of imperfect pledgeability of a firm’s collateral, where constrained firms neither insure (ex-ante) nor fully recover from a shock (ex-post). Limited commitment endogenously generates under-insurance through the combination of upfront payment of the insurance premium with the tightening of borrowing constraints post-shock due to the decrease in total collateral. We discuss two equilibrium implications of this mechanism: the inefficacy of emergency credit lines in targeting liquidity-constrained firms and the amplification of output volatility from the rising risk of extreme weather shocks. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bcb:wpaper:628 |
| By: | Benedict Clements (Universidad de Las Américas, Ecuador); Sanjeev Gupta (Center for Global Development); João Tovar Jalles (University of Lisbon-Lisbon School of Economics and Management (ISEG); Universidade de Lisboa-ISEG; Universidade Nova de Lisboa-Nova School of Business and Economics IPAG Business School) |
| Abstract: | Achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 requires not only sustained economic growth and robust social protection systems but also a concerted effort to combat corruption, which remains a critical barrier to poverty reduction. This paper examines the multifaceted ways in which corruption undermines poverty alleviation efforts—by distorting public resource allocation, weakening institutions, eroding public trust, and reducing government capacity to mobilize domestic resources, particularly through taxation. The paper then explores strategies for addressing corruption, including enhancing fiscal transparency, strengthening anti-corruption legislation, improving public financial management, and leveraging digital technologies. Ultimately, it argues that tackling corruption is essential for creating the fiscal and institutional foundations necessary for achieving SDG 1 and promoting inclusive and sustainable development. |
| Date: | 2025–08–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:361 |
| By: | David Crommelynck (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Matthieu Leprince (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Olivier Thébaud (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Protected areas are one of the major tools used to conserve biodiversity, but their effectiveness is regularly questioned. One key concern is that municipalities might refrain from enrolling land into protected areas because it might be detrimental to economic activity. As a consequence, protected areas may be located in places where economic activity is low rather than where biodiversity is most threatened. We study the allocation of protected areas in France using a rich set of data on biodiversity, economic activity, tax potential of municipalities and socio-demographics. We first show that biodiversity is highly positively associated with protection, even condi- tional on economic activity, thereby softening the concerns that protected areas are unrelated to conservation objectives. We also uncover a major gap in tax potential between protected and unprotected areas conditional on biodiversity. We show that most of this gap is explained by variables measuring the intensity of economic activ- ity. Finally, we find that socio-demographic and political variables do not explain the remaining gap. There are two possible explanations for our results: either protection kills economic activity, or areas are protected only where economic activity is not developed |
| Keywords: | Biodiversity, Protected Area, Tax Wealth, Municipality |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05244704 |
| By: | Sandrine Mathy (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes) |
| Abstract: | Ce texte propose des réflexions sur la réalisation de recherches interdisciplinaires en s'appuyant sur le retour d'expérience du projet MobilAir. Ce projet associant 8 disciplines de recherche en sciences humaines et sociales et en sciences de l'environnement visait à identifier et mener une évaluation pluridisciplinaire de mesures sectorielles permettant de réduire significativement les impacts de la pollution atmosphérique urbaine. |
| Keywords: | Recherche, Enjeux sciences-société, Co-bénéfices des politiques climatiques, Santé, Interdisciplinarité |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05245255 |
| By: | Boris Julien-Vauzelle; Pauline Négrin |
| Abstract: | While state aid has emerged as a key instrument for countering the effects of recent shocks, its increased use in Europe raises concerns about distortions and a race for subsidies between Member States. Faced with the need for investment in the ecological transition and for strategic autonomy, the EU must now strike a new balance and coordinate this state aid more effectively. <p> Si les aides d’État sont apparues comme des instruments clefs pour contrer les effets des chocs récents, leur usage accru en Europe fait craindre des distorsions et une course aux subventions entre États membres. Confrontée au besoin d’investissement dans la transition écologique et l’autonomie stratégique, l’UE doit désormais trouver un nouvel équilibre et mieux coordonner ces aides nationales. |
| Date: | 2025–06–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:econot:406 |
| By: | Bibha Dhungel; Jingjing Yang; Tim Wilson; Samantha Grimshaw; Emily Bourke; Stephanie Khuu; Tony Blakely |
| Abstract: | Background: It is unclear what the relative impacts of prevention or treatment of NCDs are on future health system expenditure. First, we estimated expenditure in Australia for prevention vs treatment pathways to achieve SDG target 3.4. Second, we applied the method to 34 other OECD countries. Methods: We used GBD data to estimate average annual percentage changes in disease incidence, remission, and CFRs from 1990-2021, and projected to 2030 to estimate business-as-usual (BAU) reductions in NCD mortality risk (40q30). For countries not on track to meet SDG3.4 under BAU, we modelled two intervention scenarios commencing in 2022 to achieve SDG3.4: (1) prevention via accelerated incidence reduction; (2) treatment via accelerated increases in remission and decreases in CFRs. Australian disease expenditure data were input into a PMSLT model to estimate expenditure changes from 2022 to 2040. Assuming similar expenditure patterns, the method was applied across OECD countries. Findings: In Australia, current trends project a 25% reduction in 40q30 by 2030, short of the 33.3% SDG3.4 target. Achieving this requires a 2.53 percentage point (pp) annual acceleration in incidence decline (prevention) or 1.56pp acceleration in CFR reduction and remission increase (treatment). Prevention reduces disease expenditure by 0.72%-3.17% by 2030 and 2040; treatment initially increase expenditure by 0.16%, before reducing it by 0.98%. A treatment scenario reducing only CFRs increased expenditure initially; increasing remission alone achieved savings similar to prevention. Only Sweden, Ireland, and South Korea were on track to meet SDG3.4. Other OECD countries showed similar expenditure impacts to Australia. Interpretation: Whether reducing NCD mortality saves money depends on pathway taken (prevention or treatment). Care is needed when linking NCD mortality reduction to health system savings. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.10795 |
| By: | Philippine Coeugnet (LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel, GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Julie Labatut (LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel, GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Gwendal Restoux (GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Michèle Tixier-Boichard (GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Xavier X Rognon (AgroParisTech, GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Sophie Allais (PEGASE - Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Nicolas Bédère (PEGASE - Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Isabelle Goldringer (GQE-Le Moulon - Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Co-concevoir des systèmes agro-écologiques couplant volailles/cultures afin de favoriser les services (éco)systémiques et identifier les besoins génétiques pour les volailles de ces systèmes. |
| Keywords: | Volailles agroécologiques, Sélection participative, Systèmes culture-élevage, Conception innovante |
| Date: | 2025–01–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05266814 |
| By: | Bliznashka, Lilia; Dione, Malick; Zagré, Rock Romaric; Boniface, Simon; Dinssa, Fekadu; Mwambi, Mercy; Mbwambo, Omary; Mwombeki, Wiston; Jeremiah, Kidola; Malindisa, Evangelista; Kinabo, Joyce; Cunningham, Kenda; Olney, Deanna K.; Kumar, Neha |
| Abstract: | In Tanzania, fruit and vegetable (F&V) production is the fastest growing agricultural subsector.1 Production is concentrated among smallholder farmers who face numerous barriers which hamper intensification. These include lack of quality inputs, insufficient financing, limited access to subsidies, limited extension services, and limited and unreliable access to markets. The CGIAR Research Initiative on Fruit and Vegetables for Sustainable Healthy Diets (FRESH), now under the CGIAR Science Program on Better Diets and Nutrition (BDN) Area of Work 3, is testing the effectiveness of its end-to-end approach in Northern Tanzania.2 This approach, described in more detail in Research Brief 1, combines demand, food environment, and supply interventions to increase desirability, affordability, accessibility, and availability of F&V. The supply interventions are designed to address known barriers faced by F&V farmers. For example, the provision of climate-resilient vegetable cultivars tackles the lack of quality inputs, whereas training on safe and sustainable vegetable production, including integrated pest management, tackles limited extension services. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and partners are conducting a longitudinal evaluation to assess the impact of the FRESH end-to-end approach in Tanzania on household vegetable production and F&V intake among women of reproductive age. The evaluation is being conducted among 2, 611 households living in 33 villages in five districts in the Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions. In this research brief, we describe baseline findings on the production of vegetables, fruit, and staple crops and the inputs used in production among different types of farming households in the study area. |
| Keywords: | capacity building; vegetables; fruits; staple foods; crop production; farming systems; Tanzania; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eastern Africa |
| Date: | 2025–07–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:175687 |
| By: | Kartik Ganesh |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates the effect of Hurricane Harvey on wages and employment in the construction labor industry across impacted counties in Texas. Based on data from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the period 2016-2019, I adopted a difference-in-differences event study approach by comparing results in 41 FEMA-designated disaster counties with a set of unaffected southern control counties. I find that Hurricane Harvey had a large and long-lasting impact on labor market outcomes in the construction industry. More precisely, average log wages in treated counties rose by around 7.2 percent compared to control counties two quarters after the hurricane and remained high for the next two years. Employment effects were more gradual, showing a statistically significant increase only after six quarters, in line with the lagged nature of large-scale reconstruction activities. These results imply that natural disasters can generate persistent labor demand shocks to local construction markets, with policy implications for disaster recovery planning and workforce mobilization. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.11501 |
| By: | Harouna Kinda (CERDI - Centre d'Études et de Recherches sur le Développement International - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne) |
| Abstract: | Resource-rich developing nations continue to grapple with the paradox of abundant natural wealth failing to translate into sustainable growth—a phenomenon often dubbed the ‘resource curse.' As global initiatives strive to harness natural resources for development, this paper evaluates the ‘treatment effect' of Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) membership on tax revenue mobilization in resource-rich developing countries. We hypothesize that EITI implementation enhances governance quality in these nations, thereby improving tax revenue mobilization. Analyzing a sample of 83 resource-rich developing countries from 2001–2017 and employing propensity score matching (PSM) and difference-in-differences (DID) with multiple treatment groups and periods, our findings reveal that EITI membership significantly boosts tax revenue mobilization compared to non-EITI countries, with a dynamic causal impact since the commitment year. Additionally, EITI compliance generates a substantial surplus in tax revenues. Our results remain robust when examining disaggregated tax revenues, such as corporate income tax non-resource tax and resource tax revenues. While the EITI is not a panacea, its rigorous implementation, driven by enhanced governance, appears to significantly bolster tax revenue mobilization. |
| Keywords: | EITI, tax revenue mobilization, Governance, Extractive industries, Natural resources |
| Date: | 2024–12–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03208955 |
| By: | David W Shanafelt (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Brian Danley (Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala]); Jesse Caputo (USDA - United States Department of Agriculture); Marielle Brunette (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Forests face an increasing number of threats, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in the future. Recent calls have pointed out the need for holistic approaches when developing forest management policies, which requires a broad understanding of how forest owners perceive the uncertainties and risks that may threaten their forests. In this paper, we study a set of sixteen concerns in the United States National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS). Our set of concerns span an array of types and causes-natural and anthropogenic-that capture multiple aspects of forest ownership. We measure the level of concern that family forest owners associate with each concern variable, and explore how they vary with each other. We then measure "total concernedness" to study how individuals distribute their concerns across multiple ownership challenges, and relate total concern to socio-demographic and forest-ownership attributes. We find that private forest owners moderately distribute their concerns across all types, as opposed to high levels of concern for one issue and none for others, and that concerns are, in general, positively correlated with each other. Our analysis highlights a general need for policy and regulations that properly consider the full suite of owner preferences, including concerns. |
| Keywords: | Threats, Tobit regression, Family forest owners, National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS), Concerns |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05242363 |
| By: | Bruno Dorin (Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Frédéric Landy (LAVUE - Laboratoire Architecture, Ville, Urbanisme, Environnement - UP8 - Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis - ENSAPLV - École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - ENSA PVDS - École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - MC - Ministère de la Culture) |
| Abstract: | Agricultural policies have always been the subject of theoretical and political controversy. Their history alternates between the legitimacy of intervention in agricultural markets and the withdrawal of the State from these markets. This book examines the complex notion of agricultural policy. |
| Abstract: | Les politiques agricoles ont toujours fait l'objet de controverses théoriques ou politiques. Leur histoire alterne entre légitimité accordée à l'interventionnisme sur les marchés agricoles et retrait de l'État de ces marchés. Cet ouvrage revient sur cette notion complexe de politique agricole. |
| Keywords: | Crises, Bien-être animal, Eau, Terre, Politique agricole commune, Échanges internationaux, Économie et politique agricole, Agriculture |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05248647 |
| By: | Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg (Yale University); Michele Ruta (International Monetary Fund) |
| Abstract: | This chapter revisits the relationship between international trade, trade policy, and development in light of the structural, policy, and geopolitical shifts that have transformed globalization over the past decade. While trade has historically supported development through both static and dynamic channels, we argue that the latterÑthose inducing structural transformation and institutional changeÑhave been far more consequential for long-run development. Through access to global markets, participation in global value chains, and knowledge and technology transfers, and by providing an anchor for reform, trade and trade agreements have contributed to productivity gains, technological progress, quality and skill upgrading, and institutional change in many low- and middle-income countries. Yet, the conditions that enabled these effectsÑtechnologically driven declines in transportation and communication costs, fragmentation of the production process, liberal trade regimes, multilateralism and geopolitical stabilityÑare changing. Automation, digitization, climate change, the return of industrial policy in advanced economies, and the rise of geopolitical rivalry are reshaping the global trade environment. In this new context, the scope for replicating past export-led growth successes is unlikely as two key growth mechanisms, access to the lucrative markets of advanced economies and knowledge sharing, are under threat. We discuss whether trade in services or the green transition could provide alternative paths and emphasize that future development prospects will increasingly depend on the policy choices of large economies and the ability of developing countries to adapt to a more fragmented global system. |
| Date: | 2025–09–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2462 |