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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Urban Development-Urban Environment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40560 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Urban Development-City Development Strategies Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40561 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Social Protections and Labor-Social Protections & Assistance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40972 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40658 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy-Energy and Environment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Environment-Water Resources Management Finance and Financial Sector Development-Financial Sector and Social Assistance |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40500 |
| By: | David Freestone; Duygu Çiçek |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Law and Development-Environmental & Natural Resources Law |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40584 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Poverty Reduction-Poverty, Environment and Development |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40608 |
| By: | Mitchell Berlin; SungJe Byun; Pablo D'Erasmo; Edison Yu |
| Abstract: | We develop a measure of climate transition risk for regional economies in the U.S., based on the mix of firms that produce emissions in each region. To quantify transition risks, we consider the introduction of an emissions tax levied on companies emitting greenhouse gases and estimate changes in the market values of industries due to a carbon tax using Merton’s (1974) model. We find that transition risks are highly concentrated in a few sectors and counties with heavy exposures to transition-sensitive sectors. The size and geographic concentration of the tax effects depend significantly on assumptions about the elasticity of demand for inputs in the production chain. When applying county-level estimates for transition risks to banks’ deposit footprint, we find mild to moderate transition risks for community banks as a whole, although transition risks are high for a few banks. |
| Keywords: | Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Transition Risk; Carbon Taxes; Regional Transition Risks; Bank Exposure |
| JEL: | R11 R15 Q21 Q51 Q54 C53 |
| Date: | 2025–03–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:99714 |
| By: | Andrea Bastianin (Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Chiara F. Del Bo (Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan); Luqman Shamsudin (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei and Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan) |
| Abstract: | We map the mining sector in Europe, with a focus on Energy Transition Metals (ETMs), and present an in-depth analysis of the environmental impact and associated monetary costs, at the regional level, of extraction activities. We aim to offer a spatially disaggregated view of the current mining projects and associated environmental costs in terms of CO2 emissions and their monetary value. To do this, we collected global warming potential (GWP) data from Life Cycle Assessment Impact Analysis (LCIA) and linked these to their expected monetary value. By considering the full spectrum of sourced ETMs, we map the environmental, physical, and monetary impact of current mining activities in Europe, and understand what a further increase in exploiting European reserves to reduce dependence from abroad and facilitate the green transition, could imply for European regions. |
| Keywords: | Critical raw materials, Europe, Life Cycle Assessment Impact Analysis, mining, regional |
| JEL: | L72 O52 Q32 Q51 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.08 |
| By: | Fitzenberger, Bernd (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany); Florian, Hack (IAB Nürnberg und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg) |
| Abstract: | "Climate change is already having noticeable effects on the German labour market. In particular, rising temperatures and more frequent heat waves are affecting sectors such as construction and agriculture. Other sectors such as services, logistics, tourism, and manufacturing are also affected. Empirical evidence suggests that this leads to health risks, higher accident rates, and an increase in sick days. This can negatively impact productivity and cause economic costs, job losses, and indirect negative effects along value chains. In addition to extreme heat, droughts are also becoming more frequent and intense, with severe consequences for food production and energy supply. The extreme droughts and heatwaves of recent years have highlighted the urgent need for adaptation measures. Both technical solutions and economic incentives should be considered to ensure both ecological and economic stability. Another consequence of climate change is the increasing occurrence of extreme weather events such as storms, heavy rainfall, and floods, which caused damages amounting to around 145 billion euros in Germany alone between 2000 and 2021. These damages and the subsequent reconstruction efforts have both direct and indirect effects on the labour market, particularly in construction (e.g., through flood protection measures or civil and structural engineering) and in the healthcare sector. In the coming decades, the impacts of climate change are expected to intensify. An analysis by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research predicts a decline in Germany's gross domestic product of up to eleven percent by 2050. According to the study, economic impacts will vary regionally, with changing precipitation patterns potentially having positive effects locally. Nevertheless, extreme weather events are increasing and causing significant economic damage. Occupational groups directly exposed to weather conditions are particularly affected, including workers in agriculture, forestry, construction, and poorly heat-protected indoor spaces. Survey data from 2006, 2012, and 2018 show, however, that employees in Germany have not yet perceived heat as a significant burden. Interestingly, the number of hot days is increasing, while the proportion of employees who feel negatively affected by weather conditions is decreasing. The impacts also vary by company size, as financial resources and adaptability are crucial for resilience to climate change. International research on natural disasters provides insights into labour market effects that are also relevant for Germany. For example, climate-related disasters can trigger long-term migration and cause short-term income losses that can only be compensated for in the long term. At the same time, companies involved in reconstruction can benefit economically from these developments. The use of seasonal short-time work benefits in Germany also provides insights into economic adaptations to climate change: The relative share of employees in the construction industry claiming this benefit decreased between 2012 and 2023. This decline is consistent with increasingly milder winters, which allow for longer working periods. In the long term, the adaptability of companies and employees will be crucial for the direct impacts of climate change on the German labour market. Measures to repair damage caused by climate change or economic transformation processes that increase resilience to climate change and serve climate protection can also lead to positive effects such as the emergence of new business sectors and the creation of new jobs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) |
| Keywords: | IAB-Open-Access-Publikation |
| Date: | 2025–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iab:iabfob:202508 |
| By: | Vassilios Babalos (Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece); Xolani Sibande (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa); Elie Bouri (Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Lebanon); Rangan Gupta (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa) |
| Abstract: | This study offers new insights into the herding behaviour in US clean energy Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) over the period from May 1, 2016 to June 19, 2024. The baseline model shows significant herding. An extended mode indicates that herding is present in both down and up markets, with a stronger effect in the down market, suggesting an asymmetry. Herding is also found to be time-varying. Further analysis shows that the transition climate risk, particularly its high level, reduces the probability of herding in clean energy ETFs, whereas physical climate risk does not exert any significant impact on the probability of herding. Thus, large levels of transition climate risk seem to encourage market efficiency in clean energy ETFs and climate-hedging behavior by investors. |
| Keywords: | Herding Behaviour, Climate Change, Clean Energy |
| JEL: | G14 Q54 P18 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pre:wpaper:202512 |
| By: | Leasor, Zack; et al. (+10) |
| Abstract: | [Contents:] Observed Changes to Missouri’s Climate (Temperature – Precipitation) --- Observed Impacts on Agriculture --- Future Climate Change (Temperature) --- What Does This Mean for Agriculture? (Heat Stress – Soil Impacts – Growing Conditions – Specialty Crop Impacts) --- Adaptation Options (Specialty Crop Considerations) --- Precipitation (What Does this Mean for Agriculture? – Specialty Crop Considerations) --- Growing Season Length (What Does This Mean for Agriculture? – Specialty Crop Impacts – Adaptation Options) --- Relative Humidity (What Does This Mean for Agriculture? – Adaptation Options) --- Missouri Climate Change Resources and Extension Programs --- Citations. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Livestock Production/Industries, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usdami:355797 |
| By: | Döttling, Robin; Rola-Janicka, Magdalena |
| Abstract: | We analyze optimal carbon pricing under financial constraints and endogenous climate-related transition and physical costs. The socially optimal emissions tax may be above or below a Pigouvian benchmark, depending on the strength of physical climate impacts on pledgeable resources. We derive necessary conditions for emissions taxes alone to implement a constrained-efficient allocation, and show a cap-and-trade system may dominate emissions taxes because it can be designed to have a less adverse effect on financial constraints. We also assess how capital structure, carbon price hedging markets, and socially responsible investors interact with emissions pricing, and evaluate other commonly used policy tools. |
| Date: | 2023–05–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ds7bx_v1 |
| By: | Hidayatullah, Mokhamad Alfiyan |
| Abstract: | The correlation between green management and financial accounting fraud underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding sustainability initiatives. While green management practices can contribute to a more sustainable future, they must be implemented with transparency and integrity. By addressing the challenges and establishing robust accountability mechanisms, we can ensure that sustainability remains a guiding principle, untainted by financial misconduct. Only through a holistic approach can we achieve a true balance between environmental responsibility and financial integrity. |
| Date: | 2023–05–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:74wcq_v1 |
| By: | Saufillah, Zulfiyatus |
| Abstract: | Energy management is critical to achieving sustainable agriculture development and reducing environmental impacts. The strategies for energy management discussed in this essay, including energy efficiency measures, energy management systems, and green financing, can help drive green entrepreneurship growth in the agriculture sector. Implementing these strategies can help green entrepreneurs reduce energy consumption and costs, improve productivity, promote sustainable development, and create new growth opportunities. Therefore, policymakers, investors, and other stakeholders should work together to support the implementation of these strategies in the agriculture sector. |
| Date: | 2023–05–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5qcwr_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Finance and Financial Sector Development-Finance and Development |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40334 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Environment-Environmental Governance |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40408 |
| By: | Sandra Baquié; Guillem Foucault |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Poverty Reduction-Poverty Impact Evaluation Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40533 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Environment-Climate Change Impacts Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40326 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Communities and Human Settlements-Urban Communities Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Air Quality & Clean Air Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40310 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Agriculture-Agricultural Sector Economics |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40320 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy-Energy and Environment Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40467 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Climate Change and Environment Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40546 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Energy-Hydro Power Environment-Forests and Forestry Environment-Sustainable Land Management |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40350 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Flood Control Environment-Coastal and Marine Environment Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Economics |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40324 |
| By: | Reena Singh (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Ashok Gulati (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)) |
| Abstract: | Agriculture and allied sector has shown a resilient growth (though undulating) during the last two decades (2005-06 to 2024-25period) with the average annual growth rate of 3.9 per cent. The sector employs 46.1 percent of the workforce and contributed to 18 percent of the country's Gross Value Added in 2024-25. This sector also has the responsibility to feed 1.4 billion populations. India is the world’s largest producer of milk, pulses, and jute, and ranks as the second largest producer of rice, wheat, sugarcane, groundnut, vegetables, fruit, and cotton. Long-term changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate variability is a threat to agricultural production, food security, and the livelihoods of farming communities in India. While adaptation of Indian agriculture to climate change is necessary to assure food security and safeguarding livelihoods of poor farmers, mitigation of GHG emissions can abate the extent of climate change and future adaptation needs. This report estimated state-wise agriculture Green House Emissions (GHG) emissions for 2022-23 using Tier 2 methodology of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (IPCC 2006) with country specific emission factors. The activity data was obtained from 'cost of cultivation survey', 'fertilizer statistics', 'land-use statistics', 'agriculture statistics at a glance' and the '20th livestock census', published literature and government reports. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Low-carbon, solarisation, carbon emission, icrier |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:25-r-09 |
| By: | Jean, Monica; Bendorf, Josh; Baule, William; Andresen, Jeff; Wilson, Aaron; Nowatzke, Laurie; Todey, Dennis; Ontl, Todd |
| Abstract: | [Contents:] Observed Changes to Michigan’s Climate (Temperature – Precipitation – Observed Impacts on Agriculture) --- Michigan’s Future Climate (Temperature) --- What Does This Mean for Agriculture and Forestry? (Heat Stress – Soil Impacts – Growing Conditions) --- Adaptation Options --- Precipitation (What Does This Mean for Agriculture? – Adaptation Options) --- Growing Season Length (What Does this Mean for Agriculture? – Adaptation Options) --- Relative Humidity (What Does this Mean for Agriculture? – Adaptation Options) --- Fruit Crop Considerations (What Does This Mean for Fruit Production? – Adaptation Options) --- Michigan Climate Change Resources and Extension Programs --- Citations. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Livestock Production/Industries, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usdami:355590 |
| By: | Cappiello, Lorenzo; Ferrucci, Gianluigi; Maddaloni, Angela; Veggente, Veronica |
| Abstract: | Do sovereign credit ratings take into account physical and transition climate risks? This paper empirically addresses this question using a panel dataset that includes a large sample of countries over two decades. The analysis reveals that higher temperature anomalies and more frequent natural disasters—key indicators of physical risk—are associated with lower credit ratings. In contrast, transition risk factors do not appear to be systematically integrated into credit ratings throughout the entire sample period. However, following the Paris Agreement, countries with greater exposure to natural disasters received comparatively lower ratings, suggesting that credit rating agencies are increasingly recognizing the significance of physical risk for sovereign balance sheets. Additionally, more ambitious CO2 emission reduction targets and actual reductions in CO2 emission intensities are associated with higher ratings post-Paris Agreement, indicating that credit rating agencies are beginning to pay more attention to transition risk. At the same time, countries with high levels of debt and those heavily reliant on fossil fuel revenues tend to receive lower ratings after the Paris Agreement. Conversely, sovereigns that stand to gain from the green transition—through revenues from transition-critical materials—are assigned higher sovereign ratings after 2015. JEL Classification: G15, G24, F3, F64, H64 |
| Keywords: | climate change, credit ratings, physical risk, sovereign bonds, transition risk |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20253042 |
| By: | Khamidov, Imomjon; Egamberdiev, Bekhzod |
| Abstract: | Environmental issues adversely impact air quality, biodiversity, and socio-economic conditions in Central Asia. This paper utilizes the Life in Transition dataset to analyse climate change awareness and willingness to mitigate among populations from Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Our findings reveal that public perceptions of environmental problems vary, with the highest concerns about air pollution, waste, species loss, temperature fluctuations, natural disasters, and disease spread noted in Uzbekistan and the Kyrgyz Republic. Conversely, awareness and concern for environmental issues in Tajikistan are relatively low. |
| Keywords: | environmental problems, climate change, public perception, willingness to contribute, Central Asia |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 P48 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:314939 |
| By: | Alexandrina Platonova-Oquab; Apoorva Shenvi |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40635 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Private Sector Development-Private Sector Economics Finance and Financial Sector Development-Financial Sector and Social Assistance |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40433 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40674 |
| By: | Papathanassiou, Chryssa; Nieto, María J. |
| Abstract: | Greenwashing is a generic term used for breaches and misleading claims about the sustainability credentials of various legal provisions, ranging from unfair competition, securities laws infringements and unethical advertising to wrong corporate disclosure. This paper focuses on the latter. Against the background of the significant financial flows needed to finance the transition to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement and the EU Climate law, the EU corporate sustainability reporting rules integrated in the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), as well as the EU taxonomy constitute an ambitious legislative framework which is aimed at establishing common mandatory European Sustainability Reporting Standards for companies to report comparable and relevant information required by investors and other stakeholders. This framework’s aim is to support companies in the transition to a more sustainable economy and help stakeholders and investors understand the sustainability risks in their investments (and facilitate financial flows for the transition). This framework’s aim is to support companies in the transition to a more sustainable economy and help stakeholders and investors understand the sustainability risks in their investments (and facilitate financial flows for the transition). This will help mitigate greenwashing risks because this framework raises the responsibility for inaccurate disclosure. In addition, accurate data are important for central bank operations because they can ensure that prices and the risk control framework adequately reflect climate physical and transition risks. The success of the regulatory framework will rely heavily on its credible implementation, including penalties, which will help anchor expectations and condition the behaviour of economic agents. […] |
| Keywords: | climate, disclosure, greenwashing, sustainability |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbops:2025370 |
| By: | Francisco Serranito; Imen Ghattassi; David Dosso |
| Abstract: | This paper addresses climate change by examining the determinants of international climate finance. In response to the effects and potential damages of climate change, countries and international institutions are increasingly making efforts to mitigate its impacts. While financial assistance are being increasingly mobilized to help countries confront this threat, many nations remain underprepared for the effects of climate change and are at risk of experiencing significant economic and social damage due to climate-related events. This paper focuses on the allocation of international climate finance, exploring the extent to which countries are supported in their climate change adaptation efforts, particularly with regard to more vulnerable nations. By employing a Gravity Panel Model that includes 140 recipient and 30 provider countriesover the period 2000-2021, this paper shows that vulnerable countries to climate change are not likely to receive climate finance in the form of either grants or loans. Political ties and economic interests appear to play a significant role in the allocation of international climate finance. |
| Keywords: | international climate finance, climate vulnerability, gravity panel model |
| JEL: | Q54 F35 C01 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2025-13 |
| By: | Md Lutfur Rahman (University of Newcastle); Sudipta Bose (University of Newcastle) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the association between firm-level climate change risk exposure and corporate risk-taking using a sample of 50, 782 firm-year observations from 2003 to 2021 across 58 countries worldwide. Using a time-varying measure of firm-level climate change risk exposure derived from corporate conference call transcripts, we find a negative relationship between firm-level climate change risk exposure and corporate risk-taking. We also find that the negative association is more pronounced for firms with higher environmental innovation and firms domiciled in countries with stakeholder-oriented business cultures and stronger governance. Our key finding is robust under several alternative corporate risk-taking and climate change risk exposure proxies. The findings of this study could be used by policymakers to enact regulations limiting risky investments in climate-vulnerable sectors or to provide economic safety nets for businesses impacted by climate change. |
| Keywords: | Climate change exposure; corporate risk-taking; Asia Pacific countries |
| JEL: | G32 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2024-36 |
| By: | Nicolas Cerkez |
| Abstract: | Climate change and the erosion of democratic norms are two of the most pressing global challenges. This paper establishes a link between individuals’ support for democracy and extreme weather events, such as droughts, in the context of sub-Saharan Africa - a region highly vulnerable to climate change and where democratic norms are fragile. I analyze this relationship using Afrobarometer data on support for democracy from 2002 to 2015, covering 129, 002 individuals across 16 countries, combined with granular weather data from 1960 to 2015 at a 27km × 27km grid cell resolution. I find that exposure to drought reduces support for democracy by 2.56%, but that this effect is limited to individuals living in established democracies. I further explore how this weakening of democratic norms is linked to exposure to non-democratic governance systems, proxied by proximity to development projects funded by autocratic regimes. I find that the effect of droughts on support for democracy is significant only for individuals exposed to autocratic systems. Finally, I provide suggestive evidence that this reduction in support for democracy is associated with lower political engagement, as measured by participation in demonstrations. These findings highlight the political costs of climate change in developing countries. |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 P16 P48 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:csa:wpaper:2025-03 |
| By: | Khuc, Van Quy; Tran, Phuong-Mai; Nguyen, An Thinh; Lich, Hoang Khac; Dang, Thao; Nguyen, Mai Huong |
| Abstract: | Climate change has increasingly exerted an adverse effect on natural ecosystems and biodiversity. To be specific, one million of the world’s estimated eight million species of flora and fauna are in danger of extinction. In order to resolve the problem, a novel approach is to build an eco-surplus culture in which a group of people share a set of pro-environmental attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors to mitigate anthropogenic environmental impacts. In this sense, this study employs a culture-based approach to examines the antecedents of the utilization and financial contribution of urban dwellers to public and national parks where a variety of plants and animals are conserved. Using the Bayesian Mindsponge Mindspongeconomics to conduct analysis on 535 Vietnamese urban residents, we found that the frequency of visiting national park and of consuming bushmeat, the intention to visit a national park and age positively affect the willingness to contribute financially to transplantation projects in the public park. Meanwhile, having trees in the house and frequently visiting national park leads to a higher probability of people donating to conservation projects in the national park. These findings reinforce the potential of an eco-surplus culture in generating finance for conservation places that are important to curb biodiversity loss, and thus helps policy-makers to devise more suitable policies regarding urban planning and resources allocation nationwide and beyond. |
| Date: | 2023–05–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:wzdg7_v1 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Public Sector Development-Climate Change Policy and Regulation Agriculture-Forestry Management Environment-Forests and Forestry Rural Development-Forestry |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40519 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Marine Environment Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats Environment-Environmental Protection |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40458 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Forests and Forestry Environment-Biodiversity Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Information and Communication Technologies-Information and Records Management Energy-Fuels |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40349 |
| By: | Anjali Singh (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Amit Kumar; Kartik Nair; Ritika Verma; Narasimhan Soundarrajan |
| Abstract: | A technology roadmap for EV battery recycling in India is essential to establish a circular economy, reduce environmental hazards and ensure the sustainable use of critical minerals like lithium, cobalt, nickel, and phosphorous. It guides the investment in advanced recycling technologies, promoting efficiency and scalability. This technology roadmap can be a guiding document to strategise and plan the country's infrastructure, promote industry collaboration (EV and battery manufacturers and recyclers), and ensure regulatory compliance to manage the looming EV battery waste. Ultimately, it will strengthen India's self-reliance in raw materials and aligns with global sustainability commitments. |
| Keywords: | Supply Chain, EV Battery, clean energy, icrier, environmental hazards, recycle |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:25-r-08 |
| By: | Keohane, Robert O |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences |
| Date: | 2025–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt6q2833r3 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Environmental Economics & Policies Culture and Development-Culture in Sustainable Development Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency Water Supply and Sanitation-Waste Disposal & Utilization |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40598 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Angelos Alamanos; Christopher Deranian; Jorge Andres Garcia; Olympia Nisiforou |
| Abstract: | The Greek maritime sector, one of the largest in the world, faces multiple economic, environmental and development challenges, requiring careful long-term investment decisions. In this paper we present the application of a free, open-source Investment Decision Support tool we have developed, the MaritimeGCH, applied for the Greek fleet. We quantify the effect of two main interventions for a cost-effective carbon abatement, under the recent EU environmental regulations: the implementation of mature on-ship emission reduction technologies and transition scenarios to cleaner fuels. While significant emissions are achievable, even ambitious interventions fall short of fully decarbonizing the sector by 2050. This suggests that a more unified set of policy solutions are needed to achieve the national commitments. |
| Date: | 2025–04–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2529 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40325 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Water Resources Institutions and Participations Water Resources-Freshwater Resources International Economics and Trade-Government Procurement |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40535 |
| By: | IFC; Amundi |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Capital Markets and Capital Flows Finance and Financial Sector Development-Mutual Funds Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40336 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Information and Communication Technologies-ICT Applications Governance-E-Government Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40594 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40673 |
| By: | Samantha M. Treacy; Alexandra B. Moura |
| Abstract: | As reliance on solar photovoltaic (PV) generation grows, particularly in Alberta, accounting for the impact of wildfire smoke on solar energy production is crucial. This is particularly relevant in regions with high PV generation potential, such as Alberta, as they are often more vulnerable to frequent and intense wildfires. This study quantifies PV energy losses and financial impacts due to wildfire smoke in Alberta, using fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) as a proxy for smoke pollution. Historical weather and PM2.5 data, along with simulated PV production from actual completed, proposed, and under-construction projects, are used to train and test the model. The simulated data is validated against real production data. The six-year study (2018–2023) covers major wildfire years and employs machine learning techniques, particularly random forest regression, to isolate the effects of PM2.5 on solar production. Financial losses are estimated in Canadian dollars, adjusted for inflation to December 2023. Results show a PV production decline of up to 6.3% at a single solar site over six years, with an overall average reduction of 3.91% under severe conditions. The cumulative impact led to a 0.19% average generation loss, equating to over $4.5 million in financial losses. Higher smoke levels consistently correlate with greater solar energy losses, aligning with findings from other regions. The results of this study enhance our understanding of climate change impacts on solar energy, highlighting wildfire smoke as a relevant factor. As PV adoption expands, these findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers and operational planners, emphasizing the need for strategies to mitigate smoke-related disruptions and ensure energy reliability. |
| Keywords: | Photovoltaic production; Wildfires; PM2.5; Financial impact; Random forest; Solar power. |
| JEL: | C55 N72 P18 Q42 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ise:remwps:wp03732025 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Social Protections and Labor-Disability Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40538 |
| By: | Enrico Cavallotti (Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics); Italo Colantone (Bocconi University, Department of Social and Political Sciences, GREEN Research Centre, Baffi Research Centre, CESifo & Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Piero Stanig (Bocconi University, Department of Social and Political Sciences, GREEN Research Centre, & Dondena Research Centre); Francesco Vona (University of Milan, Department of Environmental Science and Policy & Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei) |
| Abstract: | We study how occupation-related material interest affects environmental voting. Specifically, material interest hinges on the greenness vs. brownness of individual occupational profiles. That is, on the extent to which individuals are expected to benefit vs. lose in a greener economy. We employ individual-level data from 14 western European countries, over 2010-2019. To measure the greenness and brownness of occupational profiles, for each individual we compute predicted greenness and brownness scores based on the predicted probabilities to be employed in each possible occupation. These probabilities are combined with occupation-specific greenness and brownness scores. Individuals characterized by higher predicted brownness are less likely to vote for Green parties and for parties with a more environmentalist agenda, while the opposite holds for individuals characterized by higher predicted greenness. Voting preferences of brown profiles tend to converge towards those of greener profiles in regions that are better placed to gain from the green transition. |
| Keywords: | green voting, material interests, green jobs, brown jobs, labour market effects of the green transition |
| JEL: | D72 Q52 P16 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.09 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change Impacts Health, Nutrition and Population-Climate Change and Health |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40494 |
| By: | Donatella Gatti (Sorbonne Paris Nord University, CEPN); Julien Vauday (Sorbonne Paris Nord University, CEPN) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the transmission of environmentalist values among citizens in relation to the diffusion of generative AI devices. This diffusion occurs following races in which two strategies, i.e. Safe AI and Unsafe AI, are available to firms and adopted according to an evolutionary game framework. The adoption of Unsafe AI leads to disasters according to a probability associated with both technological and environmental damage. The latter is influenced by consumption patterns and social change resulting from the adoption of environmentalist vs. materialist values by future citizens. A new socialization channel is proposed, which operates through the interactions between humans and AI devices as role models. The interplay between AI diffusion and social change results in complex dynamics leading to multiple steady states. Based on risk-dominance, we show that a complementarity between Safe AI and environmentalism might emerge only if the endogenous disaster probability is higher than a threshold p. |
| Keywords: | Environmental transition, artificial intelligence, AI races, social change, carbon tax, disasters |
| JEL: | O |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2025.5 |
| By: | Rahmawati, Novita; Pandin, Maria Yovita R |
| Abstract: | This study aims to determine the level of understanding and application of the will of cloning in coffee shops in Kedung baruk village. Green accounting is an accounting method that correlates environmental aspects and sustainability regarding the measurement of reporting and financial analysis of an organization aims to integrate environmental and social information into the financial statements of the decision-making process that allows a more comprehensive assessment of social and environmental financial performance. Techniques using observation questionnaires, interviews, documentation to bury research data. Data analysis in conducting this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are that the coffee shop actors in the new building understand the earthquake and apply it in their operational activities and understand the importance of considering the environmental impact of the coffee shop business taking steps to reduce negative impacts by reducing negative impacts in making handicrafts to protect the environment and there are still some Warkop who do not understand and apply it in their operations. In the way of providing environmental accountability that has gone through the stage of adjustment with various environmental objectives and corporate ideals, environmental costs can be in the form of costs of steps taken, or that must be taken to regulate various environmental impacts on company activities. |
| Date: | 2023–06–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bwzvy_v1 |
| By: | Sari, Ajeng Rossantika; Sulistiyana, Fitri; Pandin, Maria Yovita R |
| Abstract: | This research has the purpose of analyzing the application of green accounting which has the ability as environmental costs and environmental performance with the level of profit. The research object studied at this time is PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk which uses a descriptive qualitative method where the data collection source is the company's annual report distributed by the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The environmental cost variable has no influence on the level of profit, the environmental performance variable has no influence on the level of profit. This study aims to improve Green Accounting in the application of company profitability. |
| Date: | 2023–06–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dbhj5_v1 |
| By: | Khuc, Van Quy; Nguyen, An Thinh; Ha, Truong Thu; Nguyen, Thuy; Dang, Thao; Tien, Nguyen Dinh; Lee, Keunjae; Ha, Nguyen Thi Vinh; Dat, Luu Quoc |
| Abstract: | This study investigates Vietnamese citizens’ participation in plastic waste treatment and environment improvement. We developed and adopted a novel method (CVMM) that integrates the contingent valuation, mindsponge, and mindspongeconomics – a new type of economics to estimate and reasonate households’ financial contribution for improved plastic waste treatment in North Vietnam. CVMM analytics were used to explore 1103 observations surveyed during 2022-2023 in the North Vietnam. The empirical findings suggest that public-private partnership should be further expanded and/or strengthen to improve finance while stronger environment policy associated with environmental education should be taken to improve environmental literacy and build environmental culture, which ultimately help address plastic waste and environmental issues in the long run. |
| Date: | 2023–05–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:a5xmt_v1 |
| By: | Raimi, Daniel (Resources for the Future); Greenspon, Jacob |
| Abstract: | The imperative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions necessitates major changes in the domestic and global energy sector. However, one concern is whether workers currently employed in the coal, oil, and natural gas industries will be able to access alternative employment opportunities with comparable levels of pay, inside or outside of the low-emissions energy sector. A related question is whether current educational programs are sufficient to train the large workforce that will be needed to rapidly deploy the range of technologies required to achieve deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. This analysis provides early evidence on these questions by analyzing data on occupational skills across the US economy. We find that a substantial number of occupations offer a good “skills match” for today’s fossil fuel workforce, but most of those occupations pay considerably less than jobs in fossil fuel extraction, refining, transportation, and power generation. Occupations that frequently offer a good-match with comparable pay are found mainly in transportation, construction, and rail industries. Several low-emissions sectors, particularly critical minerals mining, hydrogen, carbon capture, and energy-related civil engineering and construction, offer a substantial number of jobs with similar levels of pay and a good skills match for fossil fuel workers. We find that educational programs training workers to work with low-emissions technologies are fairly modest in scope, with the largest number in construction and heat pump installation and maintenance. We also find that in most cases, there is a positive correlation between where low-carbon technologies are being deployed and where workers are being trained to build and operate those technologies. |
| Date: | 2025–03–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-06 |
| By: | Yitbarek, Eleni; Tesfaye, Wondimagegn |
| Abstract: | While many of the studies to date have focused on the production end of the value chain-i.e., ways to help farmers grow more food, there is limited evidence regarding the impacts of climate shocks on the other stages of agricultural value chains. Recognizing that food security is not just an issue of production, there is now an emerging literature that attempts to link climate change with agricultural value chains. This study fills a critical gap in the literature by assessing the impacts of weather shocks not only on production but also on the post-production stages (storage and sales) across the agricultural value chains of four key commodities in Ethiopia: teff, maize, coffee, and dairy. The study addresses two questions: (i) How do weather shocks impact different stages of agricultural value chains? and (ii) are the negative effects of weather shocks on agricultural value chains heterogeneous by gender? We document that negative rainfall shocks drastically reduce maize and teff yields by about 40% and 37%, respectively, and significantly impact teff storage. Coffee yield is less affected by rainfall shocks, though its storage decreases by 28%. Temperature increases reduce yields for maize, teff, and coffee, with coffee also experiencing declines in storage and sales. For teff, temperature increases reduce the quantity stored by about 6.7% and sales by 18.5%. Similarly, an increase in temperature lowers coffee sales by 24.6%. Dairy production shows minimal sensitivity to both rainfall shocks and temperature variations. These effects vary by gender of the household head. For maize, temperature increases negatively affect yields more for male-headed households. Teff and coffee show varying impacts based on gender, with male-headed households experiencing more pronounced negative effects. |
| Keywords: | climate shocks, value chains, agriculture, Ethiopia |
| JEL: | Q12 Q54 Q18 Q13 J16 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:sgscdp:314435 |
| By: | Ferro, Marco; Börner, Jan; Hüttel, Silke; Kowalski, Katja; Hostert, Patrick; Kis-Katos, Krisztina |
| Abstract: | Preserving ecosystem services and economic and environmental benefits will require future landscape policies to identify and incorporate specific landscape features. In this paper we define the term, agricultural landscape simplification, as the reduced compositional and configurational heterogeneity characterized by lower diversity and smaller numbers, sizes, and simpler arrangements of agricultural land uses, which can impair multiple regulating ecosystem services. To examine the causal effects of agricultural landscape simplification on grassland drought impact, we derive a novel remote-sensing product to measure spatial variation in the impact of drought in grasslands during a prolonged drought and heatwave in 2018, and relate it to a multidimensional index of landscape simplification based on landscape metrics. Our causal identification strategy relies on a spatially explicit fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) and uses Germany’s former inner border as an exogenous predictor of agricultural landscape simplification intensity. We identify that a 10 % increase in agricultural landscape simplification is associated with a 7 % increase in grassland drought impact at the former inner border, and quantify the potential forgone revenues associated with the decrease in grassland productivity at approximately 52 € per ha. Our results suggest that identifying the full range of agricultural landscape simplification’s adverse environmental and economic effects would improve preventive landscape policy designs enhancing drought resistance and fostering climate change adaptation strategies. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Environmental Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Land Economics/Use, Research Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gausfs:355805 |
| By: | World Bank Group; IMF; OECD |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Finance and Development Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40402 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Agriculture-Agricultural Sector Economics Energy-Energy Policies & Economics |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40309 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40622 |
| By: | Cecilia Costella; Timothy Clay; Manann Donoghoe; Liz Giron |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Poverty Reduction-Poverty Reduction Strategies |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40542 |
| By: | Yuko Arai; Ibrahim Ali Khan |
| Keywords: | Communities and Human Settlements-Urban Communities Urban Development-Urban Health Urban Development-Regional Urban Development Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40526 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Environment-Environmental Strategy Rural Development-Rural Roads & Transport Urban Development-Transport in Urban Areas |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40323 |
| By: | Yanxia Yu; Chenfei Qu; Tom Coupé (University of Canterbury); Mathilda Featherston-Lardeux; Andreas Loeschel; Arne R. Weiss; Da Zhang |
| Abstract: | How effective are Emission Trading Schemes (ETS) in reducing carbon emissions? This paper addresses this question using a meta-analysis of 80 primary studies and 732 effect size estimates assessing the impact of China’s pilot ETS, introduced in seven provinces and cities in 2011. Our findings suggest that China’s pilot ETS led to small to medium-sized reductions in CO2 emissions, with estimated reductions ranging from 5.5% to 16.6% compared to a no-ETS counterfactual. Meta-regression and Bayesian Model Averaging analyses further show that the estimated impacts of the ETS vary with the empirical methods employed and the control variables used. The range of estimates we obtain from synthesizing the literature provides policy-makers with an evidence-based expectation of the potential scale of emissions reductions in the initial phase of developing an ETS. |
| Keywords: | Meta-analysis, Emission trading scheme |
| JEL: | C18 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025–03–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbt:econwp:25/04 |
| By: | J. Isaac Miller (Department of Economics, University of Missouri); Fangyu Zhong (Department of Economics, University of Missouri) |
| Abstract: | We propose a simple regression-based approach to creating counterfactual temperature responses based on high-frequency temperature observations and low-frequency economic responses generated by way of a nonlinear temperature response function (TRF) or cross-TRF interacted with covariates. Our approach allows identification of components of temperature or other climate variables and hence the economic damages attributable to specific climate forcings or sources of natural variability. We apply this methodological approach to estimating the impact of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on electricity consumption in Washington state. By comparing the actual temperatures and responses against the counterfactuals, we find that La Nina raises and El Nino reduces electricity consumption, and hence the effect of ENSO alternates between cost and saving, which may be as high as 8.5% per month in a given month. Averaging costs and savings since 1990, ENSO presents a very small net saving (ă0.001% per month) in electricity consumption in the state. |
| Keywords: | climate impacts; electricity demand; temperature response function; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Fourier flexible form |
| JEL: | C22 Q41 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:umc:wpaper:2504 |
| By: | Markoulakis, Andreas (University of Warwick); Nduka, Eleanya (University of Warwick) |
| Abstract: | Using UK household data, we examine empirically how different facets of energy security, energy vulnerability, affordability, reliability and imports dependency impact the support for three different energy sources: renewables, nuclear and shale gas extraction. Our approach utilises an ordered logistic econometric model and controls for various socio-demographic variables. We find that each facet can have a differential impact in the probability of support for each energy source and in general, as energy security concerns decline, households are becoming less likely to support each energy source, however, the effects are larger for nuclear and shale gas compared to renewables. Our findings are robust to potential endogeneity concerns which are addressed by using instrumental variables. The above results can be useful for policy appraisal purposes to inform policy makers on the differential impact of energy security facets when designing future energy policies towards the net zero targets. |
| Keywords: | Energy security ; renewable energy ; nuclear energy ; shale gas ; climate change concern. JEL Codes: D12 ; Q20 ; Q40 ; Q42 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wrk:warwec:1556 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40572 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-City Development Strategies Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Regulation Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40308 |
| By: | Millard, Joe |
| Abstract: | Humanity is at a critical juncture. Despite our efforts to set targets and goals, biodiversity and climate are both changing rapidly, pushing us towards a biosphere our species has not known. To solve this problem one view is that we need transformational change of the economic paradigm, but that might be more an ideal than pragmatic. A new idea could be to take inspiration from recent developments in global carbon market theory and spatial finance, and devise a new central bank digital currency (CBDC) for nature, paid to individuals for reductions in anthropogenic pressure. We could then track a conjunction of anthropogenic pressures from space or remotely, combine that with a model predicting biodiversity change, and then link that to our new global currency that would self-regulate those pressures towards bending the curve. In biodiversity modelling alone there is a lot we would need to learn to make this work, but I think one federated currency for nature might be the economic mechanism we need to fully integrate the pathway of detection, attribution, and action into one global biodiversity observing system (GBiOS), and finally slow biodiversity change. |
| Date: | 2023–06–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:j7phu_v1 |
| By: | Burtraw, Dallas (Resources for the Future); Palmer, Karen (Resources for the Future); Roy, Nicholas (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines three frameworks to achieve 100 percent clean energy for electricity consumption in Maryland with full compliance by 2040. Increasing the stringency of the existing Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is insufficient to achieve this goal. A higher alternative compliance payment is essential for boosting policy-driven clean energy development.A Clean Energy Standard (CES), similar to the RPS, but credits all nonemitting generation and includes an increasing alternative compliance payment, achieves greater investment in clean energy. This standard might be met with imported clean energy or imported clean energy credits, both of which enable continued fossil generation in Maryland, potentially for export.The third framework, an Emissions Intensity Standard (EIS), would cover Maryland’s generated and imported power, focusing on the emissions intensity of consumption. This approach provides incentives for a greater set of compliance opportunities, including substitution away from coal in imported power, and improving the cost effectiveness of emissions reductions. The EIS yields lower electricity prices, negligibly above business as usual through 2035, and modestly higher thereafter.We identify several essential elements of policy design. Compliance could be achieved by placing an obligation upon retail suppliers to achieve clean energy goals. Enforcement would require a resource planning process. Suppliers might demonstrate compliance through power purchase agreements and potentially through joint compliance planning. A regulatory process involving oversight by the Public Service Commission could aim to balance the imperatives to maintain affordability and electricity resource adequacy with clean energy goals. The regulatory process might involve planning, procurement obligations (e.g., power purchase agreements), and ongoing compliance evaluation.Increasing demand for clean energy by large private loads such as data centers could lead to future increases in the price of clean energy, hence early commitments to contracts for clean energy could help limit exposure to such price increases.These policy designs retain Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland’s (PJM’s) role of assuring resource adequacy in the broader region including Maryland, while accelerating the transition toward clean energy consumption within the state. The reliability of electricity supply in Maryland is not necessarily tied to locating generation in Maryland, however, locating a greater amount of generation in the state may provide greater local resilience and give Maryland more options in future energy planning. |
| Date: | 2025–03–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-09 |
| By: | World Bank; International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Social Development-Social Inclusion & Institutions Gender-Gender and Environment Environment-Environmental Management Water Supply and Sanitation-Waste Disposal & Utilization |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40447 |
| By: | Kevin P. Gallagher |
| Abstract: | The international financial architecture is misaligned with the goals set out in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris climate agreement. External financing flows to emerging-market and developing countries (excluding China) need be increasing by at least US$1 trillion annually from 2030 onwards, but the highest level in the past decade was roughly one-third of what is necessary—with net inflows turning negative since 2021. |
| Keywords: | international financial architecture, Economic development, Environment, Development |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2025-14 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Economic Growth Poverty and Social Assistance Climate Change Adaptation |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40565 |
| By: | Hyunji Lee; José Siri; Jonathan Hasoloan; Terri B. Chapman; Maitreyi Bordia Das |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Urban Health Urban Development-Urban Environment Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Health, Nutrition and Population-Environment and Health |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40486 |
| By: | Rochi Khemka; Patricia Lopez; Olivia Jensen |
| Keywords: | Water Resources-Water Economics Water Resources-Freshwater Resources Finance and Financial Sector Development-Access to Finance |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40225 |
| By: | Hassel, Anke (Hertie School); Gómez, Sofía (Hertie School); Jansen, Jannik (Hertie School); Weil, Kilian (Hertie School) |
| Abstract: | Transitioning towards a greener economy means profound changes in industries and employment. This paper examines the challenges of employment transitions with a focus on the geographical and social implications of structural shifts. |
| Keywords: | Green transition, labour market adjustment, emission-intensive industries, political responses, regional policies |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bda:wpsmep:wp2025/31 |
| By: | Marta Castellini (Department of Economics and Management "Marco Fanno", University of Padova, and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Chiara D'Alpaos (Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova); Fulvio Fontini (Department of Law Studies, University of Salento and Climate Economics Chair, University Paris Dauphine); Michele Moretto (Department of Economics and Management "Marco Fanno", University of Padova) |
| Abstract: | Renewable energy production plays a crucial role in the energy transition. However, many renewable energy sources (RES) are intermittent, and there is often a mismatch between energy production and consumption, which can be partially solved by storage. In this paper, we investigate the investment decision in a photovoltaic (PV) power plant coupled with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), namely an Energy Storage System (ESS). We aim to investigate the relationship between the net present value (NPV) of the investment and the technical implications related to the maximum amount of energy to be stored while also accounting for the impact of energy prices. In our setting, the BESS is connected to the national power grid and the PV plant. Energy can be produced, purchased from the grid, stored, self-consumed, and fed into the grid. PV production and energy consumption loads evolve stochastically over time. In addition, as BESS are costly, energy stored has an opportunity cost, which depends on the prices of energy purchased from the grid and energy fed in and sold to the grid, respectively. However, BESS can significantly contribute to increase ESS managerial flexibility and, in turn, ESS value. In detail, we investigate the optimal BESS size that minimizes ESS net operating costs. We also provide insights on ESS optimal management strategy. Our results show that ESS net operating costs are relatively small. They reduce for increasing selling prices of energy, whereas they increase for increasing volatility of the stock of energy stored in the battery. |
| Keywords: | Renewable Energy Sources, Photo-voltaic, Battery Storage |
| JEL: | Q42 C61 D81 |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.06 |
| By: | Alienor Cameron |
| Abstract: | Defining a fair and transparent measure of carbon leakage risk is essential to ensure the effectiveness of the EU's climate policies. This paper proposes a novel methodology to assess this risk, which takes market structure into account -- a key factor often overlooked in both academic research and policymaking. The methodology involves applying the micro-founded hypothetical monopolist test (or SSNIP test) at the country-product level. It allows for the definition of the relevant market for four products in the steel and cement industries. The inputs required for the hypothetical monopolist test are derived by estimating a product-level gravity equation. The findings from this study illustrate that market structure differs substantially at the product level, even within a single industry. Clinker appears as the product most at risk of carbon leakage. This suggests that carbon leakage risks should be computed by policymakers at a highly granular level and taking market structure into account. |
| Keywords: | climate policies, hypothetical monopolist, gravity model, carbon leakage, EU ETS |
| JEL: | H23 L51 O33 Q58 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2025-17 |
| By: | Scott Ferguson; Mathijs Van Ledden; Steven Rubinyi; Ana Campos; Tess Doeffinger |
| Keywords: | Urban Development-Hazard Risk Management Environment-Natural Disasters |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40141 |
| By: | Pu Chen (MIT, USA; University of Melbourne, Australia); Willi Semmler (Department of Economics, New School For Social Research, USA) |
| Abstract: | Much Keynesian-oriented research on energy policies has studied the effects of quantity shocks on sector expansions and contraction. The New Keynesian literature has considered the energy transition and their effects on relative prices due to fossil fuel and renewable energy shocks resulting from carbon tax and subsidies. We consider sectoral dynamic interactions of quantities and prices in markets after shocks. The issue here is then to what extent do prices and quantities change when there are quantity shocks. On the other hand, how sizable are the price and quantity effects when there are price shocks. New Keynesian literature refers to the monopolistic competition theory and the Lerner measure, capturing demand elasticity, and is relying on expected future marginal costs and markups studying equilibrium relative price change. Instead of using this proposition, or partially assuming or estimating elasticities, we undertake here model guided econometric VAR and CIVAR estimations, to understand the size of the interaction effects of quantity and price shocks in markets not necessarily in equilibrium, but when market variables have moved below or above some trends. As to the energy transition we show that in higher carbon intensity sectors the prices and quantities move differently as compared to less carbon intensive sectors. As we demonstrate the relative quantity and price changes show sectoral dependency – the price and quantity shock responses are dependent on the carbon intensity of the sectors. |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:new:wpaper:2504 |
| By: | Prest, Brian C. (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | Surging exports of US liquefied natural gas (LNG) over the past decade have raised concerns about their potential to increase domestic gas prices and spur environmental impacts, both local and global, especially because methane, a potent greenhouse gas, commonly leaks from US oil and gas infrastructure. Yet methane leak rates vary widely—up to an order of magnitude—across sources of US oil and gas supply, creating uncertainty in the carbon footprint of US LNG. This paper models the impacts of increased US oil and gas export demand on domestic oil and gas prices, marginal oil and gas supply by US basin, and the implied methane intensity of that marginal supply. Each 1 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) increase in gas export demand is estimated to increase domestic natural gas prices by approximately 2.5% while reducing crude oil prices by 0.5% due to the induced supply of coproduced oil. The US supply response to gas export demand comes disproportionately from basins with low estimated methane leak rates, led by Appalachia, yielding an effective methane intensity of the gas supply anticipated to meet export demand (1.7% leak rate) that is lower than the average US gas supply (3.1%). The supply response to an increase in oil demand shows the reverse pattern, with high-leak Permian supply crowding out low-leak basins like Appalachia, yielding a very high effective methane leak rate (9.1%). These widely varying effective methane leak rates suggest that the 2015 repeal of the US crude oil export ban may have been a bigger driver of US methane emissions than expanded LNG exports would be. In particular, model results suggest that US crude oil exports over 2015–23 drove methane emissions twice as large as those driven by US LNG exports over the same period, with the former’s induced emissions equivalent to those expected to be caused by more than 20 Bcf/d of gas exports. |
| Date: | 2025–03–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-05 |
| By: | Matzner, Nils; Otto, Danny; Polzin, Christine; Hauck, Jennifer; Förster, Johannes; Wollnik, Ronja; Siedschlag, Daniela; Thrän, Daniela |
| Abstract: | Wie werden verschiedene Verfahren zur Entnahme von CO2 aus der Atmosphäre von Stakeholdern in unterschiedlichen Regionen Deutschlands wahrgenommen? Dieser Frage sind Workshops des Projektes "BioNET - Multi-stage assessment of biobased negative emission technologies"1 nachgegangen, um Potenziale und Herausforderungen biomassebasierter Carbon Dioxide Removal (bioCDR)-Technologien besser zu verstehen. In vier Stakeholder-Workshops wurden Expert*innen aus Industrie, Landwirtschaft, Forstwirtschaft, NGOs und Politik einbezogen, um bioCDR Maßnahmen, deren regionale Besonderheiten und gesellschaftlich-politisches Vertrauen zu diskutieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass bioCDR-Technologien wie Aufforstung, Pyrolyse von Biomasse (PyCCS) und Moor-Wiedervernässung als vielversprechend angesehen werden, jedoch auf regulatorische, wirtschaftliche und soziale Hürden stoßen. Während regionale Unterschiede in der Umsetzbarkeit bestehen, gibt es wiederkehrende Herausforderungen wie Flächenkonkurrenz, mangelnde politische Unterstützung und Unsicherheiten in der Finanzierung. Besonders betont wurde die Bedeutung von Kaskadennutzung, um die Effizienz von bioCDR zu maximieren. Das entwickelte Planspiel "Carbon Cascadia" unterstützte die Diskussion über Biomassekaskaden und langfristige CO₂-Speicherung. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit gezielter Förderinstrumente und eines abgestimmten Politikrahmens, samt Bürger*innenbeteiligung, um bioCDR langfristig zu etablieren. Ohne klare Strategien und gesellschaftliche Einbeziehung besteht das Risiko, dass Potenziale dieser Technologien ungenutzt bleiben. Der Bericht liefert wertvolle Einblicke für Forschung, Politik und Praxis zur Weiterentwicklung von bioCDR in Deutschland. |
| Keywords: | Biomasse, Klimapolitik, Stakeholder, Carbon Dioxide Removal, Negative Emissionen |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ufzdps:315204 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Pollution Management & Control Environment-Environmental Management |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40621 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Growth Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Economic Forecasting Social Development-Social Inclusion & Institutions Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40602 |
| By: | Garnier, Félix |
| Abstract: | To achieve social and environmental sustainability, humankind must balance satisfying human needs and preventing ecological collapse. The material footprint-the total materials required for production and consumption-plays a crucial role in this dynamic. This study uses data from 151 countries and a regression-based moderation approach to analyse how material footprints and human need satisfaction are influenced by socio-economic factors known as "provisioning factors."Countries with strong socioecological performance were characterized by factors such as democracy, rule of law, public health coverage, effective corruption control, access to electricity and clean fuels, trade and transport infrastructure, and urbanization. In contrast, weaker socio-ecological performance was often marked by extractivism and inequality. Improving provisioning systems could help countries reduce material use while enhancing need satisfaction. Yet, even under favorable conditions, the current economic system remains incompatible with socio-ecological sustainability, highlighting the need for more radical changes to meet human needs with minimal material consumption. |
| Keywords: | material footprint, human needs, provisioning systems, sustainability |
| JEL: | C51 C53 Q56 Q57 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:penwps:315198 |
| By: | Mathieu Guigourez (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) |
| Abstract: | Individual actions – and individual responsibility – in regard to climate-related issues are often overlooked because they have a negligible impact at the global scale. Yet, despite having little to no impact, some people commit themselves to reducing their carbon footprint; that is, they are willingly choosing to adapt their consumption despite having no tangible impact on the issue they are tackling. Our aim is to question the permeability of economic rationality with moral (individual) responsibility at stake in climate-related issues. We provide an account of a possible bridge between deontological obligations and utility-maximisation in three different frameworks, namely Senian commitment, Kantian economics and choice under unresolved valuations conflicts. This analysis of different frameworks incorporating deontological motives in Rational Choice Theory analytically grounds individual commitments without relying on political enforcements or monetary incentives |
| Keywords: | Rational Choice Theory; Amartya Sen; Individual Responsibility; Kantian Economics; Normative Uncertainty; Commitment; Climate Ethics; Normative Decision Theory |
| JEL: | B41 D01 D72 D81 |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:25002 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Forests and Forestry Environment-Environmental Disasters & Degradation |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40624 |
| By: | Benavides (Dir. proy.), Juan (FEDESARROLLO); García, Helena (FEDESARROLLO); García, María Claudia (FEDESARROLLO); Cadena, Ximena (Seleccione un banco); Atuesta, Constanza; Delgado-Rojas, Martha Elena (FEDESARROLLO); Blanco, Javier; Medellín, Juan Camilo (FEDESARROLLO); Fonseca, María Alejandra (FEDESARROLLO) |
| Abstract: | El proyecto NDC Action es una iniciativa del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente (PNUMA) en colaboración con el Centro Climático de Copenhague (UNEP CCC), que tiene como objetivo facilitar la implementación de un desarrollo resiliente al clima y de bajas emisiones de carbono alineado con los objetivos nacionales y globales, mediante la dinamización de las NDC. Previamente, Fedesarrollo contribuyó al proyecto mediante la implementación de un plan de trabajo anual para llevar a cabo una hoja de ruta para la implementación de las iniciativas de la NDC y, posteriormente, proporcionó recomendaciones para fortalecer los instrumentos financieros en dos sectores prioritarios: Eficiencia Energética en el sector industrial y AFOLU. Con lo anterior, este estudio se centró en apoyar al Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible (MADS) en el diseño de estrategias para el fortalecimiento de la institucionalidad climática del país y la dinamización de la inversión en la implementación de la NDC mediante la creación de un modelo de aceleración de proyectos para escalar el financiamiento climático en Colombia que incluyó el desarrollo de un proceso de fortalecimiento de capacidades en el diseño y estructuración de proyectos climáticos y el uso de la herramienta GACMO desarrollada por PNUMA para la cuantificación y el costeo de medidas de la NDC. |
| Keywords: | Eficiencia Energética; AFOLU; Inversión Climática; Gobernanza de la NDC |
| JEL: | L94 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–09–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000124:021065 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Regulation Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Infrastructure Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40307 |
| By: | Yuwandono, Rr Jihan Faadhilah; Maisyaroh, Siti; Ridayati, Salija; Pandin, Maria Yovita R |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to determine the level of understanding and concern of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the gate Garment ethical paper relating to the application of green accounting in its business. Green Accounting is the development of accounting information, which has its own role through voluntary reporting in the company's financial statements related to environmental costs. Observation, interview and documentation techniques were used to collect research data. Data analysis in this qualitative descriptive research using Miles and Huberman data analysis model in (Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D., 2017) specifically reduces data, presents data, then makes conclusions. The results of this study indicate that two out of three Micro, small and medium Garment business actors in Gerbang Kertasusila understand and understand about good care in maintaining the work environment as a form of green accounting. Although for details about the expenditure of business costs garment and the environment they have not telesuri in detail but they realize that the environmental cost is a responsibility that is loaded on the financial statements of their businesses that do not include details, but they recognize that the environmental cost is the responsibility of reporting on their business finance research. |
| Date: | 2023–06–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ztq9p_v1 |
| By: | Booth, Hollie (University of Oxford); Milner-Gulland, E.J.; McCormick, Nadine; Starkey, Malcolm |
| Abstract: | The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) set a specific target for reducing the private sector’s negative impacts on biodiversity and increasing positive impacts, as part of efforts to halt and reverse biodiversity loss. Meanwhile, ‘Nature Positive’ is emerging as an ambitious rallying call for mainstreaming the GBF. Merely tinkering with business-as-usual will not deliver these ambitions, and so calls for transformative change in business's relationship with biodiversity are increasing. However, there remains a lack of clarity on how to operationalize transformative change in the context of Nature Positive and the GBF, particularly how to develop meaningful actions and targets. This gap risks confusion, greenwashing, and failure to achieve global goals. This perspective draws on existing literature on social change to offer a practical framework for understanding and operationalizing transformative change for business and nature. We define and describe the role of transformative change within a Nature Positive ambition and summarize different types and scales of actions that companies could take, which we illustrate with case study examples. This framework could help with planning coordinated and mutually reinforcing actions towards transformative change, setting ambitious targets, and holding companies accountable to ‘transformative’ claims. However, all such plans and claims should be founded on abatement of new and on-going negative impacts first and foremost through implementing the mitigation hierarchy. We invite companies to test our framework for their own planning, decision-making and disclosures, to drive transformative change for a safe and just future. |
| Date: | 2023–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:vk2hq_v1 |
| By: | Rafael Llorca (Departamento de Economía Aplicada II (Estructura Económica), Facultad de Economía, Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia); Alejandra Martínez – Martínez (University of Valencia and INTECO) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of key climate factors and extreme meteorological events on international tourism flows relative to domestic tourism flows. To achieve this, we estimate a structural gravity equation on a sample of 50 countries over the period 2008–2021. On average, temperatures do not exhibit a significant effect on the aforementioned relationship. However, this finding is critically influenced by the heterogeneity observed across countries, particularly the negative effects estimated for Canada and the United States. The number of hot days and heavy precipitations reduces the relative volume of international tourism, although this effect also varies depending on the country. Notably, the United States once again plays a pivotal role in driving the estimated average negative impact of extreme events on international tourism flows. At the global level, storms, landslides, wildfires, extreme temperatures and epidemics adversely affect international tourism. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Domestic tourism, International Tourism, Gravity Equation, United States |
| JEL: | F64 L83 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eec:wpaper:2503 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment-Marine Environment Environment-Persistent Organic Pollutants Environment-Pollution Management & Control |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40362 |
| By: | Rachel Inafuku (University of Hawai`i Economic Research Organization); Timothy J Halliday (Institute for Fiscal Studies); Lester Lusher (University of Pittsburgh); Áureo de Paula (Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Date: | 2025–02–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:25/07 |
| By: | Lorena M. D’Agostino (University of Milano-Bicocca); Rosina Moreno (AQR-IREA, University of Barcelona); Damián Tojeiro-Rivero (ESADE-University Ramon Llull) |
| Abstract: | Taking the long-established evidence on knowledge spillovers that states that part of the new created knowledge spills over to other firms mostly located in the physical proximity, we aim at providing evidence on the role of green knowledge spillovers on firms’ innovation. We posit that in addition to internal factors, firm innovation is determined by external regional factors, among which we specifically focus on the spillovers generated by environmental EU-funded research at the regional level. The results indicate that the presence of partners engaged in EU-environmental projects in a region has a positive and significant effect on process innovation. |
| Keywords: | innovation; environment; EU-funded research; Framework Programme; region; firm JEL classification: R11; O31; O44 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aqr:wpaper:202409 |
| By: | Ramadhani, Noviana; Wahyuni, Vika Triya; Puspitasari, Erinda Aprilia; Pandin, Maria Yovita R |
| Abstract: | The goal of this study was to determine whether environmental performance and environmental disclosure have an impact on the return on assets of the food and beverage industry. The three parameters we took into consideration for this study were return on assets (ROA), environmental performance (EP), and environmental disclosure (ED). The food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019–2021 make up the study's population. Five samples of businesses are chosen using the intentional sampling approach and certain criteria and attributes. Using the hypothesis t test and the hypothesis F test to test hypotheses Analyze data using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The findings of the hypothesis t test indicated that the relevance of the ROA is not significantly impacted by environmental performance. According to the results of the hypothesis t test, the relevance score of (0.92) ˃ 0.05 for the ROA is not substantially impacted by environmental performance. However, environmental disclosure significantly affects ROA, with a significance value of (0.002) ˂ 0.05. The results of the hypothesis F test revealed that environmental performance and environmental disclosure have a significant impact on ROA, with a significance value of (0.92) ˃ 0.05. |
| Date: | 2023–06–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bfcy3_v1 |
| By: | Febriyana, Nabila |
| Abstract: | Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana profitabilitas produsen UMKM Tahu di Surabaya dipengaruhi oleh green accounting. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan survey ke lokasi penelitian dengan menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pabrik Tahu UMKM di Surabaya menyadari kurangnya pengetahuan mereka tentang akuntansi hijau dan kurangnya kesadaran lingkungan. Karena tingginya biaya produksi, mayoritas pelaku usaha UMKM Tahu menyadari kekurangan tangki pengolahan air limbah. Alhasil, UMKM Tahu sengaja membangun pabrik di dekat sungai untuk membuang limbah cair tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu. |
| Date: | 2023–06–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:zta2g_v1 |
| By: | Glitscher, Wolfgang |
| Abstract: | Re-Manufacturing and Sustainable Manufacturing requires innovation in Project Management. Delivery in closed systems must be expanded in the direction of sustainable processes. This requires enhanced methodologies for both project managers and business leaders. Strategic decisions in the direction of developing sustainable processes must be developed and implemented organizationally through close cooperation. A strategic-organizational approach is being discussed that is intended to make this possible. This will be discussed on the basis of two case studies for re-manufacturing and sustainable manufacturing for automotive and plant engineering. This project management enables a long-term orientation for the closure of product life cycles under the aspects of the ESG's and the SDG's for resource conservation and reuse. New business models can thus be implemented in the long term. Project Management for the Next7G. |
| Date: | 2023–07–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hmqea_v1 |
| By: | KHOHARI, AHMAD |
| Abstract: | Perubahan era industri baru yang menuntut peran industri dalam menjaga lingkungan dengan mengurangi limbah dan polusi, menyebabkan timbulnya green supply chain Management dalam penerapan strategi rantai pasok. Green supply chain management mengharuskan kegiatan-kegiatan industri untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan antara kinerja marketing dengan isu lingkungan yang melahirkan isu baru seperti penghematan penggunaan energi, dan pengurangan polusi dalam usaha peningkatan strategi kompetitif. Perusahaan merasakan perlunya memperbaiki jaringan kerja atau meningkatkan supply chain untuk reduksi limbah dan efisiensi operasi termasuk pada delivery produk dan jasa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tujuan dari green supply chain adalah untuk mempertimbangkan pengaruh lingkungan dari semua produk dan proses, termasuk pengaruh lingkungan yang berasal dari barang/produk dan proses mulai dari bahan baku sampai dengan produk jadi, dan final disposal produk tersebut. |
| Date: | 2023–05–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xjuvh_v1 |
| By: | rAMDHANI, Ahsan Nur |
| Abstract: | Perubahan era industri baru yang menuntut peran industri dalam menjaga lingkungan dengan mengurangi limbah dan polusi, menyebabkan timbulnya green supply chain Management dalam penerapan strategi rantai pasok. Green supply chain management mengharuskan kegiatan-kegiatan industri untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan antara kinerja marketing dengan isu lingkungan yang melahirkan isu baru seperti penghematan penggunaan energi, dan pengurangan polusi dalam usaha peningkatan strategi kompetitif. Perusahaan merasakan perlunya memperbaiki jaringan kerja atau meningkatkan supply chain untuk reduksi limbah dan efisiensi operasi termasuk pada delivery produk dan jasa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tujuan dari green supply chain adalah untuk mempertimbangkan pengaruh lingkungan dari semua produk dan proses, termasuk pengaruh lingkungan yang berasal dari barang/produk dan proses mulai dari bahan baku sampai dengan produk jadi, dan final disposal produk tersebut. |
| Date: | 2023–05–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:s5nb2_v1 |
| By: | Eduardo Polloni-Silva (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul); Herick Fernando Moralles (Universidade Federal de São Carlos); Rosina Moreno (AQR-IREA, University of Barcelona) |
| Abstract: | Research shows that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can be beneficial/harmful to the host’s environment. However, the mechanisms that explain these contrasting effects are still unclear. By employing a regional dataset on FDI in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, this study verifies how the technological content of the FDI may impact the host region. Additionally, applying the promises from the institution-based view, the origins of FDI and the institutional quality of these home countries were included. The results reject the commonly employed ‘one size fits all’ approach towards FDI, since both high-technology and low-technology FDI can be beneficial for the host’s sustainable development. Yet, the origins of these investments matter, and receiving FDI from countries with weaker institutions can be harmful, regardless of the sector. These findings have important implications for policymakers and future research focused on emerging economies, and the promised expectations of FDI should be revisited |
| Keywords: | CO2 Emissions Intensity; Sustainability; Foreign Direct Investment; São Paulo; Brazil. JEL classification: F18; O13; Q56; R11 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aqr:wpaper:202410 |
| By: | Pietro Colelli, Francesco; Pavanello, Filippo; Sarmiento, Luis |
| Abstract: | We estimate the impact of temperatures on emergency department visits using daily data from the universe of public hospitals in Mexico from 2008 to 2022. We find that cold temperatures decrease visits by up to 8.9 percent on the same day, and warm temperatures increase visits by as much as 3.6 percent. Using distributed lag models, we then show that cold temperatures can reduce visits for the next 30 days by up to 16.3 percent. For warm temperatures, contemporaneous and cumulative effects are similar (limited harvesting). These findings suggest that, unlike mortality, temperatures affect the demand for emergency services linearly. Leveraging the granularity of our dataset, we also document significant heterogeneities (e.g., higher sensitivity for children and teenagers) and relevant mechanisms, such as ecosystem dynamics and behavioral changes. Finally, we project that temperature-driven annual emergency department visits will increase by 0.24 percent by midcentury, resulting in an estimated increase of 92 million USD in annual medical expenditures in Mexico.Keywords: Temperature, Morbidity, Mexico, Climate ChangeJEL: I12, O13, Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-11 |
| By: | GUISAN, Maria-Carmen |
| Abstract: | The International Development Economic Reports, IDER-2022, published by the Euro-American Association of Economic Development Studies, includes 4 reports: 1) The increase of CO2 total emissions in the World for 1970-2015, 2) Industrial Development in 5 European countries and the United States in year 2015, 3) Regional development and quality of life in 372 regions of 35 OECD countries around year 2016. 4) Political Stabiliy, Peace, Freedom and development in 164 countries for 2010-2020. |
| JEL: | O51 O52 O53 O54 O55 O56 O57 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eaa:ecodev:128 |
| By: | Jerry, Leonardus |
| Abstract: | Marketing adalah proses bisnis yang melibatkan perencanaan, pengembangan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi strategi pemasaran untuk menciptakan nilai bagi pelanggan dan memenuhi tujuan organisasi. Pada awalnya, fokus pemasaran lebih banyak tertuju pada tujuan-tujuan ekonomi dan keuntungan finansial semata, tanpa mempertimbangkan dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh kegiatan bisnis tersebut. Namun, seiring dengan berkembangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan keberlanjutan dan pentingnya menjaga lingkungan, munculah konsep green marketing. Green marketing adalah penggunaan strategi pemasaran yang berfokus pada produk atau layanan yang ramah lingkungan, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan minat pelanggan terhadap produk yang ramah lingkungan. Green marketing mempertimbangkan dampak lingkungan dari kegiatan bisnis, mulai dari penggunaan bahan baku yang berkelanjutan, pengurangan limbah dan emisi, hingga peningkatan efisiensi energi. Tujuan dari green marketing adalah untuk menciptakan nilai tambah bagi pelanggan dengan menawarkan produk yang lebih ramah lingkungan, serta untuk memenuhi tuntutan konsumen yang semakin tinggi akan keberlanjutan dan lingkungan yang bersih. |
| Date: | 2023–05–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:j4qpr_v1 |
| By: | Sasho Nefovski (Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Economics – Skopje); Tatjana Petkovska Mirchevska (Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Institute of Economics – Skopje); Ezeni Brzovska (Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Economics – Skopje) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the role of social marketing in reducing food waste, focusing on consumer behaviour and awareness of its harmful effects. A systematic literature review (SLR) evaluates studies analysing marketing campaigns' relationship with food waste reduction. Increasing awareness and changing behaviour through marketing campaigns can significantly reduce food waste. This paper analyses relevant literature to present key findings and recommendations for effectively targeting consumers with communication strategies to reduce food waste. In addition, it explores recommendations for implementing point-of-sale activities and direct communication with consumers to promote sustainable food systems. |
| Keywords: | Social marketing, Consumer behaviour, Food waste, Communication strategies |
| JEL: | M30 M31 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–12–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aoh:conpro:2024:i:5:p:8-17 |
| By: | Brent, Daniel A.; Wietelman, Derek (Resources for the Future); Wichman, Casey (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | Using price incentives to allocate scarce resources is a core tenet of economics but may result in unpalatable distributional outcomes. We analyze the efficacy of prices as a means of inducing water conservation during severe drought by studying the introduction of surcharges enacted within existing nonlinear rate structures. Embedding machine learning counterfactual prediction methods within a demand framework to isolate exogenous price variation, we find evidence that households exhibit a significant demand response despite the temporary nature of surcharges. However, further investigation reveals that surcharges alone cannot explain a majority of the conservation observed despite steep price increases. “Budget-based” rates undercut scarcity signals by shielding large users from binding price increases, and surcharges themselves do little to reduce the regressivity of water expenditures. Simpler rate structures can dominate along equity dimensions, and their progressivity can be enhanced via lump-sum transfers within the rate structure. |
| Date: | 2025–03–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-25-07 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Environment-Climate Change and Environment Science and Technology Development-Technology Innovation |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41237 |
| By: | Nathaniel Jensen; Jose Lopez-Rivas; Karlijn Morsink; Emma Rikken |
| Abstract: | We examine the impact of climate shocks and drought insurance on inter-communal pastoral conflict in Kenya and Ethiopia. Using NASA’s eMODIS satellite data on pasture availability and a 40-season longitudinal household dataset, our findings highlight the dual role of pasture scarcity and pasture abundance in driving conflict, contingent on seasonal timing. Negative shocks leading to pasture scarcity increase conflict in dry seasons, while positive shocks that lead to pasture abundance fuel conflict in subsequent rainy seasons. Leveraging exogenous variation in drought insurance, we find that while insurance reduces conflict on average, this masks important heterogeneity. Ex post indemnity payments mitigate conflict during droughts, but ex ante insurance coverage exacerbates conflict when pasture is abundant in rainy seasons. These findings highlight the dual relationship between resource availability and conflict, and the importance of considering the impact of policy interventions in this light. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:csa:wpaper:2025-02 |
| By: | Chunlin Hua; Zejun Li; Jeremy Clark (University of Canterbury) |
| Abstract: | Agricultural nonpoint source pollution (ANSP) from farmers’ use of chemical fertilizers is one of the outstanding problems in resource management across the world. Alongside the three traditional policy responses of encouraging voluntary adoption of best management practices (BMP’s), weakly enforced command and control, or economic incentives over what can be observed, we consider a fourth approach of incidental ANSP pollution control. Here small farms may voluntarily adopt BMP’s and reduce excessive fertilizer as an incidental by-product of changing production to increase profit or reduce risk. We examine specifically the option for smaller scale crop farms in Sichuan Province China to collaborate with large or new agricultural operations (LNAO’s). Collaboration can take the form of 1) technical assistance for payment or as part of 2) production orders, or 3) temporarily providing land, labour or capital in exchange for payment or share of profit. Evaluating the effects of small farms’ voluntary collaboration on their fertilizer use is hampered by their self-selection to enter such arrangements, and by their potential hesitancy to honestly reveal their (high) levels of fertilizer use. In this paper, we use 364 proximity surveys of 3528 small crop farmers located in villages primarily in Sichuan Province, China, regarding their production methods, output, and collaboration. The surveys are conducted by undergraduate/masters students from the same villages, to increase trust and encourage honest reporting of fertilizer use. We use propensity score matching (PSM) to compare the fertilizer use of farmers who do collaborate, against 1) observably matched farmers who do not, then 2) against more narrowly matched non-collaborators who express a desire to collaborate, or 3) against matched non-collaborators whose villages do not contain LNAO’s with whom to collaborate, or finally 4) against matched non-collaborators who satisfy both conditions. We find robust evidence that small farmers use substantially less nitrogen or total chemical fertilizer if they collaborate with LNAO’s via production orders. In our most credible specification, such collaboration causes small farmers to reduce their total chemical fertilizer use by 27.7%, or by 30.4 kg/Mu from a sample mean of 109.9 kg/Mu. In contrast, we find only mixed evidence of effect if farmers collaborate via technical assistance, and no significant effect if they collaborate via supplying inputs for payment or profit share. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural nonpoint source pollution (ANPS), Best management practices (BMPs), Voluntary collaboration, Fertilizer use reduction, Propensity score matching (PSM) |
| JEL: | O13 Q12 Q18 Q52 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025–03–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbt:econwp:25/03 |
| By: | Rafael Van der Borght; Oscar Anil Ishizawa Escudero; Thuret, Jean; Joaquin Ignacio Munoz Diaz |
| Abstract: | Droughts are increasingly cited as a driver of urbanization across Sub-Saharan Africa, yet little is known about the role they play in shaping the spatial expansion of cities. Combining satellite imagery on built- up areas with climatic data for 1984–2015, this study empirically examines whether and to what extent droughts influence the spatial expansion of African cities. It further investigates the heterogeneity of these effects across cities and countries. The findings indicate that extreme droughts significantly accelerate the built-up growth rate of cities, while more frequent but less severe droughts have negligible impacts. Importantly, these effects are strongly differentiated across cities. The 1 percent most extreme droughts boost the average speed at which new settlements emerge in the surroundings of a country's largest city by 75 percent, yet they do not alter the expansion of smaller cities and towns. These drought-induced effects intensify the sprawl of the largest cities and bear important policy implications. Extreme droughts put additional pressure on the largest and often overcrowded cities, potentially deepening congestion effects. They also contribute to exacerbating the speed at which cities expand in flood-prone areas, thereby magnifying urban flood risk. As the climate changes, the frequency of both extreme droughts and extreme rainfall events is projected to increase across the region, aggravating the likelihood of future drought-induced expansions of the largest cities and worsening urban flood risk prospects. These findings call for urgent and tailored risk reduction measures in both cities and rural areas. |
| Date: | 2025–04–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11099 |
| By: | Valentina Saltane; Anam Amin; Subika Farazi |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development-Financial Regulation & Supervision Finance and Financial Sector Development-Capital Markets and Capital Flows |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40148 |
| By: | Goenka, Aditya; Liu, Lin; Nguyen, Manh-Hung; Pang, Haokun |
| Abstract: | We model the impact of rising temperatures on labor productivity, labor market dynamics, and income inequality. Using a heterogeneous agent continuous-time (HACT) model with directed search, we analyze how temperature-induced productivity fluctuations influence the labor market, income and wealth in-equality, and wealth accumulation. The model features workers differentiated by wealth, productivity, and location, where temperature affects transitions be-tween high and low productivity states. Firms post fixed-wage contracts, and workers direct their job search across segmented labor markets. We calibrate the model using Vietnamese Labor Force data (2009-2018) matched with me-teorological records, capturing regional temperature variations. With increased temperatures, in low wage markets the ratio of vacancies to unemployed workers searching in those market falls, as labor productivity declines and falling wealth leads workers to direct their search to these markets when vacancies are also falling. The wage distribution shifts to the left, and average incomes and wealth fall. Climate-induced productivity shocks amplify income and wealth disparities as wealthier individuals are able to self-insure better against the income risk. The results underscore the role of climate change in shaping labor market inequality and provide insights into policy interventions that may mitigate its adverse effects. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; HACT model; Directed searc; Income inequality |
| JEL: | Q54 J64 J23 J31 E24 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:130422 |
| By: | Dünhaupt, Petra; Gräf, Helena; Jiménez, Valeria; Jungmann, Benjamin |
| Abstract: | Adequate policy space is essential for resource-rich countries to move up the value chain and seize the opportunities presented by global decarbonization and the demand for low-carbon technologies. However, WTO rules, investment and free trade agreements (FTAs) deprive nonhegemonic powers of the industrial policy tools used by successful developmental states in the past, thus reducing policy space and arguably 'kicking away the ladder'. The present article addresses these issues in the context of Chile's lithium industrial policy and the modernised EU-Chile FTA. With the objective of moving up the lithium value chain, Chile employs preferential pricing: offering lithium at a preferential price to companies that establish production sites for higher-value processes. However, the modernized FTA includes restrictions on the use of preferential pricing, as outlined in its Energy and Raw Materials Chapter (ERM) -a novel element in the EU FTAs aimed at safeguarding access to critical raw materials for the EU's Green Deal objectives. By means of document analysis and 21 expert interviews, we find that the modernised FTA and its ERM are compatible with Chile's current lithium industrial policy. Nonetheless, they further restrict Chile's policy space, potentially limiting future policy adaptations. These restrictions, alongside further national factors, may hinder the fulfilment of Chile's industrial policy goals. The article offers explanations for the negotiation outcomes and identifies factors beyond policy space that constrain the effectiveness of Chile's lithium industrial policy. |
| Keywords: | Chile, Lithium, Policy Space, Industrial Policy, Free Trade Agreement |
| JEL: | F63 O24 O25 O54 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:313641 |
| By: | Beacham, Austin |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences |
| Date: | 2025–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt7j69m600 |
| By: | Achtelik, Timo; Abdalla, Kanzy; Herstatt, Cornelius |
| Abstract: | Frugal innovation and frugal engineering are becoming increasingly important in both academic and practical discussions in the face of various economic, social and environmental pressures. Despite numerous positive associations and opportunities of frugality in the corporate environment, the discourse is still characterized by several barriers and enablers that impede a broad diffusion. In our paper, we contrast these barriers and enablers using a mix of industry evidence from action research and interview studies. In doing so, we highlight common misconceptions in the conceptual understanding of frugal engineering and create new perspectives on frugal product development specifically for practitioners in the field. |
| Keywords: | Frugal Engineering, Frugal Innovation |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tuhtim:315056 |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Environment-Biodiversity Environment-Ecosystems and Natural Habitats Environment-Environmental Strategy Infrastructure Economics and Finance-Private Participation in Infrastructure |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40393 |
| By: | Simon De Muynck; Xavier Guilmin |
| Abstract: | Le projet Carbone est un projet de recherche-action (InnovIris/Experimental Platforms) qui a expérimenté et implémenté d'avril 2021 à mars 2024 différentes techniques et nouvelles pratiques visant la (re-)circularisation des flux de déchets végétaux (feuilles, tontes, branchages, gros bois) produits par les administrations bruxelloises partenaires du projet :Anderlecht, Saint-Gilles, Uccle, Woluwe-Saint-Pierre et Bruxelles Mobilité. Coordonné depuis le LoUIsE Lab (ULB), l’objectif de Carbone, héritier du projet Phosphore (Innoviris/Co-create 2016), a été de favoriser une réappropriation par les acteurs du projet de la collecte et du traitement de leurs déchets végétaux en vue d’une écologisation de leurs pratiques. Comment ?En faisant évoluer les systèmes mobilisés habituellement pour la gestion des déchets végétaux (collecte et traitement externalisés) vers une circularité et une maîtrise interne élevées (moins d’export de déchets, plus de valorisation locale). Le présent rapport décrit les expérimentations menées, fait la synthèse des résultats des nouvelles pratiques adoptées et propose une analyse multicritères des effets des expérimentations sur le système socio-technique de la gestion des déchets verts à Bruxelles avec l’intention de mener une réflexion systémique sur la gestion des ressources en matières végétales et sur la qualité de l'écosystème urbain de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale. |
| Keywords: | Déchets végétaux, métabolisme urbain, système socio-technique, circularité, transition, espaces verts, changements de pratiques, expérimentation, compostage, valorisation locale des déchets-ressources |
| Date: | 2025–03–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/389671 |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Environment-Climate Change and Environment Private Sector Development-Private Sector Economics International Economics and Trade-Foreign Direct Investment |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:41234 |
| By: | Mikel Navarro (Orkestra - Basque Institute of Competitiveness) |
| Abstract: | Tras repasar las características que poseen los constructos y los modelos del bienestar y destacar cómo ello afecta a las interrelaciones que se dan entre sus dimensiones, este documento revisa la contribución al análisis de las interrelaciones efectuada tanto por varias corrientes del pensamiento previas a la agenda 2030 (teoría microeconómica neoclásica y ecológica, estudios sobre los objetivos últimos de la política económica, capitalismo comparado y capital territorial, y literatura sobre indicadores), como por la literatura sobre interrelaciones en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). A partir de esas revisiones, el documento reflexiona sobre las consecuencias que, para la construcción de un marco de análisis del bienestar, en el plano regional, se derivan de la toma en consideración de las interacciones (sinergias y contraposiciones) que pueden tener lugar entre las dimensiones y determinantes del bienestar.m |
| Date: | 2024–03–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ivc:wpaper:2024r02 |
| By: | Federico Fantechi (University of Palermo); Ugo Fratesi (Politecnico di Milano); Felipe Livert (Politecnico di Milano) |
| Abstract: | Is there electoral punishment for local politicians considered by their citizens to have performed poorly during emergencies? This is studied in the Italian case, where a law officially listing earthquake-affected municipalities also de-facto prevents those left-out from receiving major aid. Electoral results after the four major earthquakes affecting the country over the past three decades are analysed through a difference-in differences approach. Results indicate that mayors of municipalities severely affected by earthquakes and not getting financial support are electorally punished in the next election. The mechanisms are investigated alongside the influence of the local context. |
| Keywords: | Earthquakes; Electoral Accountability; Voter Turnout; Local Governance; Disaster Recovery; Mayors |
| JEL: | Q54 D72 R10 R51 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ahy:wpaper:wp60 |
| By: | Mary Boyer; Doekle Wielinga; Rashmin Gunaskera; Rendell Ernest De Kort; Peter Wrede; Sophia Whyte-Givans; Ivelisse Justiniano; Josh Macabuag |
| Keywords: | Environment-Natural Disasters Finance and Financial Sector Development-Financial Sector and Social Assistance Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Fiscal & Monetary Policy |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:40149 |
| By: | Reid Taylor; Madeline Turland; Joakim A. Weill |
| Abstract: | An increasing number of people are denied home insurance coverage in the private market and must instead turn to state-sponsored plans known as “Insurers of Last Resort.” This paper examines how insurers of last resort interact with the private market under increasing disaster risks. We first present a simple model of an adversely selected insurance market, highlighting that the insurer of last resort allows strict price regulation to be compatible with full insurance. We then empirically study the California non-renewal moratoriums, a regulation that forced insurers to supply insurance to current customers following wildfires in 2019 and 2020. Using quasi-random geographic variation in regulatory borders and a difference-in-differences strategy, we find that the moratoriums successfully reduced company-initiated non-renewals and cancellations in the short run. The effects only lasted for one year, with insurers dropping policies as soon as the moratorium lapsed. The moratoriums had no discernible effect on participation in the State’s insurer of last resort. |
| Keywords: | insurance; natural disasters; wildfires |
| JEL: | D22 G22 L10 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–03–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:feddwp:99740 |
| By: | Mikel Navarro (Orkestra - Basque Institute of Competitiveness) |
| Abstract: | Este documento ha efectuado una revisión de literatura para esclarecer si la salvaguarda del medioambiente requiere actualmente la adopción de políticas de decrecimiento. Tras exponer las visiones de las economías neoclásica y ecológica sobre la relación entre crecimiento económico y sostenibilidad medioambiental y la propuesta de conciliar ambos fenómenos mediante un desarrollo sostenible, se analiza la posibilidad de que el desacople posibilite tal conciliación, desde una perspectiva teórica y empírica. A continuación, se exponen y debaten los tres grandes posicionamientos existentes en la literatura sobre el crecimiento económico: los partidarios del crecimiento, los partidarios del decrecimiento y los agnósticos ante el mismo; y se presentan las políticas que desde esas posiciones se propugnan, bien orientadas a la eficiencia y soluciones técnicas o bien a la suficiencia y cambios en los niveles y patrones de producción y consumo. Finalmente, se apuntan una serie de gaps de la literatura, que convendría corregir para realmente hacer operativas y eficaces las políticas que se proponen. |
| Date: | 2024–01–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ivc:wpaper:2024r01 |
| By: | Neligan, Adriana; Diermeier, Matthias |
| Abstract: | Die Internalisierung ökologischer Kosten ist notwendig, um diese den Verursachern zuzuweisen. In Form von Preisen können sie dann bei Konsumentscheidungen berücksichtigt werden, ohne dass Produkte verboten werden müssen. Obwohl eine große Mehrheit der Bevölkerung eine strengere Klimapolitik befürwortet, unterstützt lediglich eine Minderheit die Einpreisung ökologischer Kosten, insbesondere in den Bereichen Mobilität oder Heizen. Um die Akzeptanz zu erhöhen, wäre eine Rückverteilung der Einnahmen erforderlich. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwkkur:314448 |