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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Fangzhi Wang; Hua Liao; Richard S. J. Tol |
| Abstract: | We investigate optimal carbon abatement in a dynamic general equilibrium climate-economy model with endogenous structural change. By differentiating the production of investment from consumption, we show that social cost of carbon can be conceived as a reduction in physical capital. In addition, we distinguish two final sectors in terms of productivity growth and climate vulnerability. We theoretically show that heterogeneous climate vulnerability results in a climate-induced version of Baumol's cost disease. Further, if climate-vulnerable sectors have high (low) productivity growth, climate impact can either ameliorate (aggravate) the Baumol's cost disease, call for less (more) stringent climate policy. We conclude that carbon abatement should not only factor in unpriced climate capital, but also be tailored to Baumol's cost and climate diseases. |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.00160&r=env |
| By: | G. Nocera (Audencia Business School); M. Bedendo; L. Siming |
| Abstract: | Banks are expected to play a key role in assisting the real economy with the green transition process. One of the tools used for this purpose is the issuance of green bonds. We analyze the characteristics of banks that issue green bonds to understand: (i) which banks are more likely to resort to these funding instruments, and (ii) if the issuance of green bonds leads to an improvement in a bank's environmental footprint. We find that large banks and banks that had already publicly expressed their support for a green transition are more likely to issue green bonds. Conditional on being a green bond issuer, smaller banks tend to resort to green bonds in a more persistent manner and for relatively larger amounts, while larger banks issue green bonds on a more occasional basis and for smaller amounts. This heterogeneity is also reflected in our findings that only banks that issue green bonds more intensively improve their emissions and reduce lending to polluting sectors, thus contributing to the decarbonization of the financial sector. |
| Keywords: | green bonds, decarbonization, sustainable finance, Green banking |
| Date: | 2022–12–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04318899&r=env |
| By: | Emmerling , Johannes (European Institute on Economics and the Environment); Reis, Lara Aleluia (European Institute on Economics and the Environment); Drouet, Laurent (European Institute on Economics and the Environment); Raitzer , David (Asian Development Bank); Pradhananga, Manisha (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | This paper uses a global integrated assessment model to assess how developing Asia, the world’s fastest-growing source of carbon emissions, could transition to low-carbon growth. It finds that national net-zero pledges do not have a high chance of keeping peak warming below 2°C. Under an efficient approach to achieve the Paris Agreement goals, the power sector would almost fully decarbonize by mid-century, and emissions from land use would strongly fall. Although the climate has a lagged response to emissions reductions, climate benefits outweigh costs by a factor of 3, with gains concentrated in the lowest-income subregions of Asia. Air quality would also improve, saving about 0.35 million lives in the region by 2050. Including these co-benefits raises the benefit–cost ratio for Asia under ambitious decarbonization to 5. Energy-related employment also rises during the transition. However, appropriate policies are needed to address potential effects on disadvantaged groups. |
| Keywords: | climate change; greenhouse gas; mitigation; energy; land use; net-zero; NDCs |
| JEL: | C61 D58 Q52 Q53 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–12–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0709&r=env |
| By: | Pradhananga , Manisha (Asian Development Bank); Raitzer , David (Asian Development Bank); Sebastian-Samaniego, Iva (Asian Development Bank); Naval, Daryll (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | Unless developing Asia decarbonizes its development, global warming is unlikely to stay below the internationally agreed limit of 2°C above preindustrial levels. Integrated assessment modeling offers insights into how a low carbon transition can be achieved. The Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change incorporated an ambitious model intercomparison effort that compiled thousands of model-scenario combinations to consider low carbon development pathways. This paper explores the evidence within that database to consider decarbonization pathways for developing Asia. Overall, a comparison of the major models finds strong consistency in the transformation of the energy sector required to achieve Paris Agreement goals. This includes a rapid decline in the share of coal—a mainstay of the power sector in developing Asia—and a substantial rise in renewable energy. The cost of the transition can be relatively low if mitigation efforts are efficient, as assumed in the models. |
| Keywords: | climate change; integrated assessment model; mitigation; energy; Paris Agreement; NDCs |
| JEL: | C61 D58 Q40 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–12–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0711&r=env |
| By: | Mohammad Arief Rajendra (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics & Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada); Sekar Utami Setiastuti (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the relationship between climate policy uncertainty and the demand for renewable energy in the United States. The primary findings suggest that there is a nonlinear threshold effect resulting from climate policy uncertainty, as measured by the Climate Policy Uncertainty Index (CPU) and the Environmental Policy Uncertainty Index (ENVPU), on renewable energy demand (REC). The findings indicate a negative relationship between the CPU and the REC when the CPU is beyond a specific threshold. This suggests that economic agents adopt a cautious approach, sometimes referred to as the "wait and see" policy, in their renewable energy allocation. In essence, customers may opt to reduce their utilization of renewable energy in favor of alternate sources as a means to circumvent the investment risks associated with renewable alternatives. |
| Keywords: | Climate policy uncertainty, Renewable energy demand, Crude oil price |
| JEL: | C24 Q28 Q43 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gme:wpaper:202312012&r=env |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Conrad Landis; Konstantinos Dellis; Angelos Plataniotis |
| Abstract: | The paper consists of a review of the Environmental, Social and Governance Criteria (ESGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Frameworks with a focus on the EU policy context. Based on the most recent Literature, the integration of the SDGs in the ESG framework is discussed and we underline the need for more interdisciplinary and holistic frameworks to incorporate the long-term SDG targets into the Corporate Sustainability reporting framework in order to accelerate the transition of the EU business sector. |
| Keywords: | ESG, Sustainable Development Goals, SDG, CSRD, Sustainability Reporting |
| Date: | 2024–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2401&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | The Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS)1 are highly vulnerable to environmental and climate-related hazards due to their geographic location and socioeconomic conditions. Hydrological, climatological, geophysical and biological events have increased in frequency, intensity and occurrences (ECLAC, 2023a). The high concentration of population and economic activities in low-lying coastal zones amplify the exposure and vulnerabilities of these countries. Effective and sustained management of the environment, natural resources and climate-related hazards requires both time-based and location-specific information, also known as geospatial information.2 Governments and other developmental partners use geospatial information management systems to support evidence-based decision-making for sustainable development. |
| Date: | 2023–12–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col095:68796&r=env |
| By: | Ndione, Y. C.; Tall, L.; Sall, S.; Ciss, P. N.; Rousseau, E.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Okem, Andrew |
| Abstract: | Senegal, a country in West Africa and home to over 16 million people is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, which interacts with existing environmental and socio-economic challenges. It is a water-scarce country. Decreasing rainfall frequent and intense droughts are exacerbating water-related impacts of climate change with vulnerable communities in rural areas bearing the highest burden of these impacts. Although agriculture is an important contributor to Senegal’s economy, it is largely rain-fed, thus increasing its vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. Against the backdrop of the increasing impacts of climate change, the CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience is setting up a polycentric governance model to enhance resilience against the impacts of climate change in Senegal. The study is part of a broader project titled Building Systemic Resilience Against Climate Variability and Extremes (ClimBeR). ClimBeR comprises four work modules: (1) reducing the risks associated with climate change for agricultural production systems and livelihoods; (2) strengthening the resilience of production systems by recognizing the links between climate, agriculture, security and peace; (3) Developing adaptation tools to inform policy and facilitate investment; (4) Conceptualizing a polycentric and bottom-up governance model. ClimBeR aims to strengthen climate resilience in low- and middle-income countries. This report presents the outcome of a stakeholder workshop held on 11 July 2023 as part of the project implementation. The workshop aimed to inform stakeholders about ClimBeR, share the preliminary results of the mapping exercise which culminated in an inventory of 31 promising, resilient, transformative adaptation interventions in Senegal, and select 3-4 promising, resilient and transformative adaptation interventions in Senegal from a shortlist of 8 interventions. At the end of the workshop, 4 adaptation interventions, including one recommended by the stakeholders outside the 8 preselected interventions were selected. All the selected projects operate across spatial scales with various stakeholders, including households, community members, civil society and non-governmental organisations, and government officials. Three projects focused on food security, while the fourth focused on natural resource management. The next phase of the project entails a detailed mapping of the selected interventions. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Farm Management, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2023–12–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmicp:339149&r=env |
| By: | J. Andrés; J.E. Boscá; R. Doménech; J. Ferri |
| Abstract: | We assess the macroeconomic and welfare implications of carbon mitigation strategies using an environmental Dynamic General Equilibrium model. The economy uses energy from both green renewable technologies and fossil fuels. We set an emission reduction target in line with the Paris Agreement and analyze the welfare and macroeconomic impacts of various strategies, including (1) raising the domestic price of fossil fuels, (2) implementing a subsidy on green investment funded through lump-sum taxes, (3) imposing taxes on emissions with rebates to households, and (4) utilizing emission taxes to support green investment. Our model provides a framework for evaluating the welfare consequences of various carbon mitigation strategies, emphasizing the need to balance the short and long-term effects of incentives for investment and innovation in green technologies, as well as taxes and other policies designed to reduce carbon emissions. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fda:fdaeee:eee2024-01&r=env |
| By: | Carnazza, Giovanni; Renström, Thomas I.; Spataro, Luca |
| Abstract: | The EU has embarked on multiple initiatives reflecting its commitment to environmental enhancement and sustainable transitions. Notable among these are the European Green Deal and the NextGenerationEU recovery plan, both pivotal in fostering eco-friendly policies and sustainable practices within the region. Conversely, the fiscal rules within the EU, designed to manage budgetary deficits and debt-to-GDP ratios, may pose challenges to the implementation of fiscal measures targeted at achieving environmental quality objectives. These regulatory constraints potentially curtail the fiscal space available for policies aligned with the environmental goals set forth by the EU. To address this issue, using a panel of 27 European member countries observed annually from 1995 to 2021, we investigate the impact of two different indicators on the overall carbon intensity: on the one hand, the implicit tax rate on energy reduces environmental pollution; on the other hand, an increase in the stringency of the European fiscal framework and/or the debt-to-GDP ratio increase carbon intensity. From a policy point of view, our outcomes stress the importance of shaping national and European regulations to foster more sustainable environmental development. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Public Economics, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2023–12–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:339126&r=env |
| By: | Forshaw, Rachel; Kharadi, Natalya; McLaughlin, Eoin |
| Abstract: | Air pollution is a global public health threat, responsible for more deaths annually than conventional lifestyle risk factors. While the link between particulate pollution and cardiovascular disease is well-established, evidence for gaseous pollutants remains limited. This study estimates the long-term population effects of a gaseous pollutant - SO2 - from 1901 to 1975 in a panel comprising 29 countries distributed globally, contributing to the under-explored literature on its cardiovascular disease mortality impact. Across a comprehensive range of empirical specifications, we observe a robust economically and statistically significant rise in cardiovascular disease mortality for an increase in SO2 emissions. We also contribute to the literature on economic growth and long-term health outcomes. Our historical perspective aligns with the call for more research on the effects of air pollution in developing nations. We highlight a complex trade-off: greater SO2 emissions increases cardiovascular disease mortality but leads to short-term regional cooling and reduced global warming and as such its abatement may contribute to future climate-related deaths. |
| Keywords: | Air pollution, Cardiovascular disease mortality, Economic growth, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Global public health, SO2 emissions |
| JEL: | I15 N30 N50 Q53 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:hwuaef:280754&r=env |
| By: | F. Francesca de Canio; G. Viglia; C. Lombart (Audencia Business School) |
| Abstract: | The packaging of consumer goods is considered a main cause of household waste. Worldwide institutions are pressing companies to realize solutions that minimize packaging and comply with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Similarly, emerging EU Directives are prompting countries and operators to cut off the packaging of fast-moving consumer goods. The offer of package-free products – alternatively named bulk products – represents an effective solution. Applying a mixed method approach to data collected during and after the pandemic, this paper explores consumers' propensity for bulk products, identifying potential benefits and barriers consumers face when buying package-free products. We find that consumers are keen to buy bulk products not to conform to society but as they perceive it as a personal contribution to environmental protection. However, greater familiarity with package-free products is necessary for adopting this emerging pro-environmental behavior. Thus, we encourage i) manufacturers to develop and propose new package-free lines, ii) retailers to provide package-free assortment options to attract new consumer targets, iii) institutions and policymakers to promote sustainable behavior among citizens favoring familiarity with this shopping option. |
| Keywords: | Package-free products, Buying behavior, Environmental concern, Sustainability, Complexity theory, Mixed-method |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04315034&r=env |
| By: | Marie-Chantale Pelletier; Claire Horner; Mathew Vickers; Aliya Gul; Eren Turak; Christine Turner |
| Abstract: | Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of natural capital accounting for the purpose of strengthening sustainability claims by reporting entities. The study linked riparian land improvement to ecosystem services and tested options for incorporating natural capital into financial accounting practices, specifically on the balance sheet. Methodology: To test the approach, the study used a public asset manager (a water utility) with accountabilities to protect the environment including maintaining and enhancing riparian land assets. Research activities included stakeholder engagement, physical asset measurement, monetary valuation and financial recognition of natural capital income and assets. Natural capital income was estimated by modelling and valuing ecosystem services relating to stormwater filtration and carbon storage. Findings: This research described how a water utility could disclose changes in the natural capital assets they manage either through voluntary disclosures, in notes to the financial statements or as balance sheet items. We found that current accounting standards allowed the recognition of some types of environmental income and assets where ecosystem services were associated with cost savings. The proof-of-concept employed to estimate environmental income through ecosystem service modelling proved useful to strengthen sustainability claims or report financial returns on natural capital investment. Originality/value: This study applied financial accounting processes and principles to a realistic public asset management scenario with direct participation by the asset manager working together with academic researchers and a sub-national government environment management agency. Importantly it established that natural assets could be included in financial statements, proposing a new approach to measuring and reporting on natural capital. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.13515&r=env |
| By: | Majid Hashemi; Glenn Jenkins (Queen's University); Frank Milne (Queen's University) |
| Abstract: | This study develops a generalized evaluation framework that can be used to quantify the financial, economic, stakeholder, and environmental impacts of renewable energy support programs. The application of this framework is demonstrated by evaluating the Feed-In Tariff (FIT) program for solar distributed energy resources (DER) in Ontario, Canada. Our analysis reveals that Ontario’s FIT program has successfully promoted the adoption of solar DER across communities. However, the program has caused inequitable societal outcomes through a crosssubsidization with a present value of 9 CAD billion, paid for by the electricity consumer base for the benefit of only the 0.06 percent of electricity consumers who could install solar systems. The cost imposed on the Canadian economy ranges from 2.86 to 5.37 CAD billion, depending on the discount rate applied. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that the burden of this program on the Canadian economy would have been reduced by 50 percent if the program had been delayed and implemented in 2016 instead of 2010 due to the declining trend in solar system investment costs. The lessons from this analysis provide insights for designing future environmental and emission reduction policies. |
| Keywords: | Renewable Energy Subsidy, Distributed Energy Resources, Feed-in Tariff, Stakeholder Analysis, Benefit-cost Analysis, Ontario, Canada |
| JEL: | H23 O13 Q42 Q48 |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:wpaper:1514&r=env |
| By: | SOLANO HERMOSILLA Gloria (European Commission - JRC); ANTONIOLI Federico (European Commission - JRC); CIAIAN Pavel (European Commission - JRC); PINEDO GIL Julia; FERNÁNDEZ CASAL Laura |
| Abstract: | The European Green Deal and its farm-to-fork (F2F) strategy have made sustainability in the food system an EU policy priority. It aims to help the EU’s current food system transition towards a fairer, healthier and environmentally friendlier one while maintaining its economic viability. This report seeks to provide a comparative empirical assessment of sustainability-enhancing initiatives adopted by private operators in the EU food chain. The assessment is based on data collected through semi-structured interviews with 37 representatives from food chain operators, associations, and related organizations. In total, 314 sustainability initiatives were identified, highlighting operators' efforts to promote more sustainable food production and consumption processes. These initiatives primarily emphasize the economic dimension, followed by the environmental aspect, while the social/health dimension receives comparatively less attention. The results also indicate that market demand and supply requirements are the primary drivers for adopting sustainability initiatives. Conversely, the main barriers to adoption include the lack of recognition of sustainability efforts by consumers, insufficient public support, and unclear policies regarding sustainability. To foster the adoption of sustainability initiatives, respondents identified the need for increased incentives, funding for enhanced sustainable solutions, and government technical support as crucial catalysts. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc129894&r=env |
| By: | Preksha Jain; Rupayan Pal (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the possibility of designing environmental regulation that ensures `zero emission', by promoting non-polluting `green' technology adoption by firms, without creating new rooms for corruption. It demonstrates that it is feasible to implement the `target equilibrium', in which there is `no emission and no corruption', through environmental regulation alone. It also characterizes the `target equilibrium' implementing `minimum environmental regulation', which corresponds to the least possible subsidy expenditure and the lowest possible tax burden on firms, in alternative scenarios. More interestingly, it shows that, in the presence of corruption possibilities, introduction of reputation enhancing non-monetary incentives for `green' technology adoption makes it harder to implement the target equilibrium'. It underscores that usefulness of status incentives to nudge firms' behaviour for environmental protection is rather limited. These are robust results. |
| Keywords: | Zero emission, Corruption, Minimum environmental regulation, Non-monetary status incentive, Brown tax, Green technology subsidy |
| JEL: | Q58 H23 Q52 D73 |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2023-009&r=env |
| By: | BELTRAN MIRALLES Manuel (European Commission - JRC); GOURDON Thomas (European Commission - JRC); SEIGNEUR Isabelle (European Commission - JRC); ARRANZ PADILLA Maria (European Commission - JRC); PICKARD GARCIA Nicolas (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | In its more common formulation in the European Union (EU) policy context, the ‘Do No Significant Harm’ (DNSH) principle aims to ensure that EU policies and programmes do not have a negative impact on the EU’s climate and environmental objectives. By doing this, the principle has transformed the ‘green oath’ from the European Green Deal into a reality applied by different EU initiatives. This study analyses the application of the DNSH principle in six EU instruments which have pioneered the use of the DNSH principle to integrate climate and environmental objectives in private finance and public funding: 1) the EU Taxonomy for sustainable activities; 2) the Recovery and Resilience Facility; 3) the European Regional Development Fund; 4) the Cohesion Fund; 5) the Just Transition Fund; and 6) the InvestEU Fund. The analysis maps the divergences in the way the DNSH principle is implemented across these EU instruments, identifying reasons that help to explain them. It also highlights existing interlinkages and commonalities in the application of the principle as well as the potential to build on the knowledge gained to develop common tools that could guide its implementation across EU instruments. Additionally, the implementation of the DNSH principle is starting to be applied in EU instruments extending beyond the current 2021-2027 policy cycle. In this context, the study suggests additional actions to take advantage of existing opportunities and to minimise potential risks. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc135691&r=env |
| By: | Ashish Ashish Ashok Uikey (Symbiosis International University); Ruturaj Baber (Symbiosis International University) |
| Abstract: | This study attempts to examine the impact of green brand trust and self-brand connection on green brand loyalty, with green perceived value and green transparency as antecedents. The responses were collected from and users of electric vehicles, and the proposed hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through SmartPLS 4. The study found that green brand trust had a significant positive impact on green brand loyalty, while the relationship between self-brand connection and green brand loyalty significant but weak. The study highlighted the importance of green perceived value as an antecedent for self-brand connection and green brand trust, which was more significant than green transparency. The study offers insights to practitioners enhancing their knowledge on formation of customer, allowing them to develop effective marketing strategies. The study recommends that companies emphasize transparency in their marketing approaches and address green challenges related to their products' environmental value. Furthermore, the study suggests that green brand loyalty may be achieved through green transparency and green perceived value, which are crucial for establishing green brand trust. |
| Keywords: | Green Marketing Green Transparency Green Brand Trust Self-brand Connection Green Brand Loyalty Consumer Behavior Electric Vehicles, Green Marketing, Green Transparency, Green Brand Trust, Self-brand Connection, Green Brand Loyalty, Consumer Behavior, Electric Vehicles |
| Date: | 2023–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04346255&r=env |
| By: | Vijaya Ramachandran (Breakthrough Institute; Center for Global Development); Arthur Baker (Development Innovation Lab, University of Chicago) |
| Abstract: | The push for the World Bank and others to link their investments to addressing climate concerns stems from a fear that, unless developing countries take action to decarbonize now, their economic growth will lead to vast emissions that will derail all global efforts to limit climate change. This approach, which treats low- and middle-income countries as a monolith, is unhelpful to the conversation about climate change. To understand better where emissions are concentrated and how to address them, we projected carbon dioxide emissions to 2035—the point at which observers believe they will level off in most countries due to technological advances and accumulating wealth—under some simple assumptions. Emissions from the world’s poorest 64 countries, those which get IDA loans, will remain very low for decades to come, even if their economies grow rapidly and without action to reduce emissions. Pressuring low- and lower-middle-income countries to replace plans for gas power with solar or wind energy will have limited climate benefits compared to replacing coal generation in richer countries. It is just more efficient—and just—to focus on climate mitigation where emissions are high, and on poverty reduction where poverty is high. And given that there is no sign of an increase in aid spending, especially in the poorest countries, rich countries must not cannibalize development aid or reinvent the development finance architecture |
| Date: | 2022–06–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:263&r=env |
| By: | Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Drechsel, Pay; Bucatariu, C. |
| Abstract: | Currently, in Sri Lanka, strategies to address FW prevention and reduction are being considered by different state and non-state stakeholders. However, in the current scenario, solutions for FW are mostly addressing (bio-)waste management. Quantifying FW is of paramount importance in understanding the magnitude and socio-economic as well as environmental impacts of the problem. A good understanding of the availability and quality of FW data is a prerequisite for tracking progress on reduction targets, analyzing environmental impacts, and exploring mitigation strategies for FLW (Xue et al., 2019). FW quantification aims at creating a robust evidence base for developing strategies, action plans, and policies towards FW prevention, reduction, and management as well as guide prioritization of actions, evaluation of solutions, and monitoring progress (CEC, 2019). |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development, Marketing |
| Date: | 2023–07–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:339134&r=env |
| By: | Xudong An; Stuart A. Gabriel; Nitzan Tzur-Ilan |
| Abstract: | We link detailed wildfire burn, satellite smoke plume, and ground-level pollution data to estimate the effects of extreme wildfire and related smoke and air pollution events on housing and consumer financial outcomes. Findings provide novel evidence of elevated spending, indebtedness, and loan delinquencies among households distant from the burn perimeter but exposed to high levels of wildfire-attributed air pollution. Results also show higher levels of financial distress among renters in the burn zone, particularly those with lower credit scores. Financial distress among homeowners within the fire perimeter is less prevalent, likely owing to insurance payout. Findings also show out-migration and declines in house values in wildfire burn areas. The adverse smoke and pollution effects are salient to a substantial geographically dispersed population and add appreciably to the household financial impacts of extreme wildfires. |
| Keywords: | Wildfires; Air Pollution; Consumer Credit; Financial Distress; Spending |
| JEL: | R23 Q53 Q54 D12 |
| Date: | 2024–01–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:97535&r=env |
| By: | Marco Gortan; Lorenzo Testa; Giorgio Fagiolo; Francesco Lamperti |
| Abstract: | Although high-resolution gridded climate variables are provided by multiple sources, the need for country and region-specific climate data weighted by indicators of economic activity is becoming increasingly common in environmental and economic research. We process available information from different climate data sources to provide spatially aggregated data with global coverage for both countries (GADM0 resolution) and regions (GADM1 resolution) and for a variety of climate indicators (average precipitations, average temperatures, average SPEI). We weigh gridded climate data by population density or by night light intensity -- both proxies of economic activity -- before aggregation. Climate variables are measured daily, monthly, and annually, covering (depending on the data source) a time window from 1900 (at the earliest) to 2023. We pipeline all the preprocessing procedures in a unified framework, which we share in the open-access Weighted Climate Data Repository web app. Finally, we validate our data through a systematic comparison with those employed in leading climate impact studies. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.05971&r=env |
| By: | Marouane Nakhcha (laboratoire de recherche en sciences de gestion des organisations - ENCG Kenitra); Mamdouh Tlaty (laboratoire de recherche en sciences de gestion des organisations - ENCG Kenitra) |
| Abstract: | This article explores the complex interconnection between digitization, green finance, and economic sustainability, highlighting the transformative potential of digitization for a greener economy. Adopting a rigorous research methodology, we examine the foundations of digitization and green finance, identifying the challenges and opportunities inherent in their convergence. The principles and objectives of green finance, inspired by thinkers such as Zadek and Elkington, are confronted with the advances of digitization. Our theoretical analysis reveals complex synergies between digitization and green finance, highlighting their implications for transparency, market efficiency, impact measurement, investment diversification, and innovation. However, these synergies pose challenges such as data security and regulation, requiring a responsible approach. In examining the challenges of digitizing green finance, we highlight the contributions of renowned researchers such as Rob Bauer, Andreas G. F. Hoepner, and Ioannis Oikonomou. Data privacy and regulatory challenges emerge as significant obstacles to a successful transition to greener, more sustainable finance. Our four-step methodology offers a balanced analysis of technological and regulatory challenges, exploring theoretical perspectives and potential solutions. Experts such as Rob Bauer, Andreas G. F. Hoepner, Ioannis Oikonomou, and Carolyn M. Wilkins offer innovative strategies for overcoming these obstacles, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and proactive regulation. Our article contributes to understanding the relationship between digitization, green finance, and economic sustainability. Although the transition to green digital finance presents challenges, the theoretical recommendations offer promising avenues for a more responsible and innovative economy. Our analysis encourages ongoing reflection and determined action to build a more sustainable future. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Green Finance, Economic Sustainability, Technological Challenges, Catalyst, Sustainable development |
| Date: | 2023–12–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04333883&r=env |
| By: | Marie Lassalas (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Hervé Guyomard (SDAR Bretagne Normandie - Services déconcentrés d'appui à la recherche Bretagne-Normandie - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Cécile Détang-Dessendre (CESAER - Centre d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales Appliquées à l'Agriculture et aux Espaces Ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Vincent Chatellier (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Pierre P. Dupraz (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the environmental ambition of the implementation of the 2023-2027 Common Agricultural Policy in France. Since conditionality and agri-environment-climate measures are marginally improved relative to the previous policy, attention is focused on the new environmental instrument of the eco-scheme. Results suggest low environmental progress since almost all French farms would reach the standard level of the scheme by one of the three access paths and 85% of them would reach the superior level with unchanged farming practices. The percentage of farms at the superior level would be lower for farms specialized in annual crops than for cattle farms. We also show that the premium difference of €20 per hectare between the standard and superior level is probably insufficient for farms specialized in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops to offset the additional cost of the change in farm practices required to move from the standard to the superior level. |
| Abstract: | Cet article évalue l'ambition environnementale de la mise en œuvre de la Politique agricole commune (PAC) en France sur la période 2023-2027. La conditionnalité et les mesures agro-environnementales et climatiques étant marginalement améliorées par rapport à la politique précédente, l'attention est portée ici sur le nouvel instrument environnemental qu'est l'éco-régime. Les résultats suggèrent de faibles progrès en matière d'environnement, puisque la quasi-totalité des exploitations françaises atteindraient le niveau standard du régime par l'une des trois voies d'accès et que 85 % d'entre elles atteindraient le niveau supérieur à pratiques agricoles inchangées. Le pourcentage d'exploitations atteignant le niveau supérieur serait plus faible pour les exploitations spécialisées dans les cultures annuelles que pour les exploitations bovines. Nous montrons également que la différence de prime de 20 euros par hectare entre le niveau standard et le niveau supérieur est insuffisante pour compenser le coût supplémentaire (pour les exploitations spécialisées en céréales, oléagineux et protéagineux) du changement de pratiques agricoles nécessaire pour passer du niveau standard au niveau supérieur. |
| Keywords: | Common Agricultural Policy, France, Eco-scheme, Environment, Farms, FADN, Politique agricole commune, Eco-régime, Environnement, Exploitations agricoles, RICA |
| Date: | 2023–12–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04353356&r=env |
| By: | SOLANO HERMOSILLA Gloria; ANTONIOLI Federico (European Commission - JRC); CIAIAN Pavel (European Commission - JRC); PINEDO GIL Julia; FERNANDEZ CASAL Laura |
| Abstract: | The European Green Deal and its farm-to-fork strategy have made food system sustainability an EU policy priority, with the aim of making the EU’s current food system fairer, healthier and more environmentally friendly. Notably, the farm-to-fork strategy highlights action areas for food supply chain operators, which give rise to both opportunities and challenges. Innovation in sustainability-enhancing products and practices is playing an increasingly important role in this transition to a sustainable food system; such innovation creates value for both companies and society and gives companies a competitive advantage. However, there is limited information on operator-level sustainability initiatives across the food supply chain. Importantly, to understand how regulations can effectively support this transition, policymakers must understand the drivers of and barriers to innovative sustainability initiatives. They must also be aware of how these initiatives work in practice and the expected implications and trade-offs in terms of the economic, social and environmental sustainability dimensions. This report attempts to bring together evidence on and provide a comparative assessment of sustainability innovation and innovative initiatives adopted by private operators in the EU food supply chain. The report’s analyses are based on microdata collected through an online survey of 426 representatives of EU food chain operators, industry associations and other related organisations. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc133931&r=env |
| By: | Harpenau, Franziska; Magalhaes, Katrin Marques; Steffen, Nico; Wiewiorra, Lukas |
| Abstract: | More efficient and sustainable energy consumption behaviors are crucial to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. This paper examines how dynamic personal pricing and externality cost incentives interact and affect energy conservation behaviors. We conduct an online lab experiment in which participants complete real-effort tasks under different cost schemes. Increasing personal costs that reduce individual bonuses, significantly decreases participants' energy usage, although it requires more effort in the form of additional time. However, emphasizing increases in externality costs, representing environmental damage through reduced donations, does not impact performance. This suggests that the introduction of such prosocial incentives matters more than their magnitude. While environmental attitudes predict baseline usage, they do not change marginal responses to cost changes. Our results provide novel evidence on the motivational nuances underlying energy conservation and have key implications for policies considering a combination of incentives. |
| Abstract: | Ein effizientes und nachhaltiges Energiesparverhalten ist von zentraler Bedeutung, um die negativen Auswirkungen des Klimawandels abzumildern. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, wie dynamische Anreize von Preisen und Externalitäten zusammenwirken und das Energiesparverhalten beeinflussen. Wir nutzen ein Online-Laborexperiment, bei dem die Teilnehmenden "Real-effort" Aufgaben unter verschiedenen Kostenstrukturen lösen. Eine Erhöhung der Kosten, welche individuelle Boni reduzieren, führt zu einem signifikanten Rückgang des Energieverbrauchs der Teilnehmenden, was aber mehr Aufwand in Form von zusätzlicher Zeit erfordert. Allerdings hat die Kommunikation steigender Externalitätskosten - die eine Spende verringern und Umweltschäden simulieren - keine Auswirkungen auf das Verhalten im Experiment. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass die Einführung solcher prosozialer Anreize wichtiger ist als deren Höhe. Während umweltfreundliche Einstellungen den grundsätzlichen Energieverbrauch beeinflussen, ändern sie hier nicht die marginalen Reaktionen auf Kostenänderungen. |
| Keywords: | Energy consumption, Energy conservation, Behavioral, Environment |
| JEL: | Q41 Q56 D91 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:wikwps:280956&r=env |
| By: | HUYGENS Dries (European Commission - JRC); FOSCHI Jacopo; CARO Dario (European Commission - JRC); PATINHA CALDEIRA Carla (European Commission - JRC); FARACA Giorgia (European Commission - JRC); FOSTER Gillian (European Commission - JRC); SOLIS Martyna (European Commission - JRC); MARSCHINSKI Robert (European Commission - JRC); NAPOLANO Loredana (European Commission - JRC); FRUERGAARD ASTRUP Thomas; TONINI Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles envisages “a circular textiles ecosystem that has sufficient capacities for innovative fibre-to-fibre recycling, while the incineration and landfilling of textiles is reduced to the minimum”. The general objective of this study is to summarise the techno-scientific knowledge base of different recycling, recovery and disposal options for waste textiles. First, it is indicated that post-consumer textile waste is the largest waste fraction, and that annually more than 8 million tonnes used and waste textiles are incinerated or landfilled, a much higher share than re-use, preparing for re-use and recycling together. Textile waste recycling is limited and currently dominated by transforming apparel and home textiles into cleaning rags and insulation materials, but closed-loop recycling facilities are emerging in the EU, particularly for post-industrial textile waste. Second, the life cycle assessment and cost analysis indicated that re-use and preparing for re-use are the most cost-effective options and have the best environmental performance. Whereas recycling is associated to greater costs than incineration and landfilling, it commonly brings supplementary environmental savings. Third, economic and non-economic barriers to recycling, particularly closed-loop recycling were identified. The information provided in this report may contribute to informing policy design and implementation on textile waste management. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134586&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | Las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) representan alrededor del 10% de las emisiones globales. Según el Sexto Informe de Evaluación del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático (IPCC, por sus siglas en inglés), del total emitido por la región, las emisiones del sector agricultura, silvicultura y otros usos de la tierra representan el mayor porcentaje, seguido por el sector energético (principalmente por la quema de combustible fósiles). Tanto el IPCC como la Organización Meteorológica Mundial indican que hay subregiones (p. ej., el Caribe) y zonas (p. ej., las costas) particularmente vulnerables a los efectos del cambio climático. Estas investigaciones muestran tendencias crecientes en la frecuencia e intensidad de los eventos climatológicos extremos. Estos eventos impactan severamente a la región, exacerbando los problemas de pobreza, seguridad alimentaria y contaminación lo que, a su vez, obstaculiza los esfuerzos para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de las Naciones Unidas. |
| Date: | 2023–11–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col039:68704&r=env |
| By: | Pascal da Costa (LGI - Laboratoire Génie Industriel - CentraleSupélec - Université Paris-Saclay) |
| Abstract: | La formation en ligne du DU AllCan permettra d'aborder les notions clés dans des champs disciplinaires variés (économie, droit de l'environnement, physique, écologie, RSE, histoire environnementale, ...) dans le but d'avoir une vue holistique des enjeux et des solutions associés aux transitions énergétique, climatique et écologique. • Acquérir les notions fondamentales pour comprendre les enjeux globaux associés au changement climatique et à l'érosion de la biodiversité • Permettre à l'apprenant de compléter et mettre en perspective leur formation initiale. • Acquérir un langage commun afin d'intégrer les savoirs de base des différentes disciplines abordées. • Etre capable d'analyser les conséquences du dérèglement climatique • Permettre d'aborder les solutions d'adaptation et de préservation des écosystèmes et des ressources naturelles. Programme : • Cours 1 : Présentation du volet 1 du GIEC par Valérie Masson Delmotte • Cours 2 : Présentation du volet 3 du GIEC par Franck Lecocq • Cours 3 : Synthèse des Impacts des changements climatiques sur la biodiversité par Paul Leadley • Cours 4 : Penser le DD et la RSE en termes de philosophie morale et de gouvernance par J-P Vanderlinden • Cours 5 : L'énergétique en quelques chiffres et notions clés par Laurent Zimmer • Cours 6 : Economie : Nexus énergie-climat-environnement par Pascal da Costa • Cours 7 : Introduction à l'économie circulaire par Yann Leroy |
| Keywords: | Economie du climat, Services écosystémiques |
| Date: | 2023–09–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04330665&r=env |
| By: | Edward Mitchard (University of Edinburgh and Space Intelligence); Harry Carstairs (Space Intelligence); Riccardo Cosenza (Università della Svizzera Italiana); Sassan S. Saatchi (California Institute of Technology, University of California, Los Angeles and CTrees); Jason Funk (Conservation International); Paula Nieto Quintano (Space Intelligence); Thom Brade (Space Intelligence); Iain M. McNicol (University of Edinburgh and Space Intelligence); Patrick Meir (University of Edinburgh); Murray B. Collins (Space Intelligence); Eric Nowak (Università della Svizzera Italiana, Swiss Finance Institute and VCS Advisory Group) |
| Abstract: | Independent retrospective analyses of the effectiveness of reducing deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) projects are vital to ensure climate change benefits are being delivered. A recent study in Science by West et al. (1) appeared therefore to be a timely alert that the majority of projects operating in the 2010s failed to reduce deforestation rates. Unfortunately, their analysis suffered from major flaws in the choice of underlying data, resulting in poorly matched and unstable counterfactual scenarios. These were compounded by calculation errors, biasing the study against finding that projects significantly reduced deforestation. This flawed analysis of 24 projects unfairly condemned all 100+ REDD projects, and risks cutting off finance for protecting vulnerable tropical forests from destruction at a time when funding needs to grow rapidly. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp23120&r=env |
| By: | Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; Mitra, Archisman; Osmani, Z.; Habib, A.; Mukherji, Aditi |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2023–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:339130&r=env |
| By: | Fangzhi Wang; Hua Liao; Richard S. J. Tol; Changjing Ji |
| Abstract: | Carbon abatement decisions are usually based on the implausible assumption of constant social preference. This paper focuses on a specific case of market and non-market goods, and investigates the optimal climate policy when social preference for them is also changed by climate policy in the DICE model. The relative price of non-market goods grows over time due to increases in both relative scarcity and appreciation of it. Therefore, climbing relative price brings upward the social cost of carbon denominated in terms of market goods. Because abatement decision affects the valuation of non-market goods in the utility function, unlike previous climate-economy models, we solve the model iteratively by taking the obtained abatement rates from the last run as inputs in the current run. The results in baseline calibration advocate a more stringent climate policy, where endogenous social preference to climate policy raises the social cost of carbon further by roughly 12%-18% this century. Moreover, neglecting changing social preference leads to an underestimate of non-market goods damages by 15%. Our results support that climate policy is self-reinforced if it favors more expensive consumption type. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.11010&r=env |
| By: | Christian P. Fries; Lennart Quante |
| Abstract: | Today's decisions on climate change mitigation affect the damage that future generations will bear. Discounting future benefits and costs of climate change mitigation is one of the most important components of assessing efficient climate mitigation pathways. We extend the DICE model with stochastic discount rates to reflect the dynamic nature of discount rates. Stochastic rates give rise to a mitigation strategy, resulting in all model quantities becoming stochastic. We show that the classical calibration of the DICE model induces intergenerational inequality: future generations have to bear higher costs relative to GDP and that this effect worsens under stochastic discount rates. Accounting for additional financing risks, we investigate two modifications of DICE. We find that allowing financing of abatement costs and considering non-linear financing effects for large damages improves intergenerational effort sharing. We propose a modified optimisation to keep costs below 3\% of GDP, resulting in more equal efforts between generations. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.07614&r=env |
| By: | KANG, Munsu (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)) |
| Abstract: | While energy accessibility in East Africa is still low, global agenda on energy transition brings African countries moving towards increasing green energy supply such as solar and wind power. East African countries are cooperating in the energy sector to improve energy access and power generation through EAC Vision 2050 and EAPP. One of the key message of those policies is that diversifying energy mix by increasing the share of green energy is essential. For this reason, Korea and East African countries could cooperate on improving policy environment on the energy sector, scaling up green energy projects, diversifying the energy cooperation, and promoting private sector to enter East African market. |
| Keywords: | Green energy; East Africa; Energy cooperation |
| Date: | 2023–11–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwe:2023_041&r=env |
| By: | Francesco Cesarone; Manuel Luis Martino; Federica Ricca; Andrea Scozzari |
| Abstract: | Sustainable Investing identifies the approach of investors whose aim is twofold: on the one hand, they want to achieve the best compromise between portfolio risk and return, but they also want to take into account the sustainability of their investment, assessed through some Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria. The inclusion of sustainable goals in the portfolio selection process may have an actual impact on financial portfolio performance. ESG indices provided by the rating agencies are generally considered good proxies for the performance in sustainability of an investment, as well as, appropriate measures for Socially Responsible Investments (SRI) in the market. In this framework of analysis, the lack of alignment between ratings provided by different agencies is a crucial issue that inevitably undermines the robustness and reliability of these evaluation measures. In fact, the ESG rating disagreement may produce conflicting information, implying a difficulty for the investor in the portfolio ESG evaluation. This may cause underestimation or overestimation of the market opportunities for a sustainable investment. In this paper, we deal with a multi-criteria portfolio selection problem taking into account risk, return, and ESG criteria. For the ESG evaluation of the securities in the market, we consider more than one agency and propose a new approach to overcome the problem related to the disagreement between the ESG ratings by different agencies. We propose a nonlinear optimization model for our three-criteria portfolio selection problem. We show that it can be reformulated as an equivalent convex quadratic program by exploiting a technique known in the literature as the k-sum optimization strategy. An extensive empirical analysis of the performance of this model is provided on real-world financial data sets. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.10739&r=env |
| By: | Héloïse Berkowitz (LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Mathias Guérineau (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université - IUML - FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral - UM - Le Mans Université - UA - Université d'Angers - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université - Nantes Univ - ECN - École Centrale de Nantes - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université, i3-CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion i3 - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Gaëlle Petit (ARENES - Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias - UR - Université de Rennes - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes - EHESP - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | As a blind spot in the transition, Life, in the sense of animal and plant species, landscapes and natural processes connected to the biosphere, raises specific and complex evaluation challenges. In this article, we propose a theoretical and evaluative framework for integrating the living world in transitions. By adopting a pragmatic environmental ethics approach, we discuss four major trajectories: technological-industrial, systemic rupture, regeneration and epistemic rupture. |
| Abstract: | Angle mort de la transition, le vivant au sens d'espèces animales et végétales, de paysages et de processus naturels liés à la biosphère, pose des enjeux spécifiques et complexes d'évaluation. Dans cet article, nous proposons un cadre théorique et évaluatif permettant d'intégrer le vivant dans les transitions. En adoptant une démarche d'éthique environnementale pragmatiste, nous discutons quatre trajectoires de transition : technologico-industrielle, de rupture systémique, de régénération et de rupture épistémique. |
| Keywords: | ecological and social transition, value, living, food system, meat industry, sustainability transitions, Transition écologique et sociale, Valeur, vivant, système alimentaire, filière viande |
| Date: | 2023–11–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04361332&r=env |
| By: | Taneja, Garima; Katyaini, S.; Bhattacharjee, Suchiradipta; Chaturvedi, K.; Mitra, Archisman; Verma, Shilp; Bassi, N. |
| Abstract: | Under the CGIAR Initiative on National Policies and Strategies (NPS), International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and Council for Energy, Environment, and Water (CEEW) jointly organized a National Stakeholder Workshop on “Policy Coherence for Food, Land, and Water” in India on 16th June 2023 at India Habitat Center in New Delhi. Guided by NITI Aayog, an apex public policy think tank of the Government of India, IWMI and CEEW researched the policy landscape at the national level in the food, land, and water (FLW) sectors, shortlisting seven central government schemes to understand ways to strengthen policy coherence and impact. The workshop was attended by representatives from the Ministry of Jal Shakti, the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, NITI Aayog and 17 government and civil society organizations working in the food, land, and water sectors. Under the able guidance of Debashree Mukherjee (Special Secretary, Ministry of Jal Shakti) and Avinash Mishra (Advisor, NITI Aayog), the participants discussed the study’s key recommendations, existing institutional mechanisms to catalyze coherence, harnessing synergies, and balancing trade-offs across the food, land, and water sectors. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Security and Poverty, International Development |
| Date: | 2024–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmicp:339135&r=env |
| By: | Thomas Fellmann (European Commission - JRC); Federico Antonioli (European Commission - JRC); Edoardo Baldoni (European Commission - JRC); Ana Luisa Barbosa (European Commission - JRC); Jesús Barreiro-Hurle (European Commission - JRC); Caetano Beber (European Commission - JRC); Ole Boysen (European Commission - JRC); Pavel Ciaian (European Commission - JRC); Beyhan de Jong (European Commission - JRC); Christian Elleby (European Commission - JRC); Beatrice Farkas (European Commission - JRC); Emanuele Ferrari (European Commission - JRC); Patricia Gurria (European Commission - JRC); Jordan Hristov (European Commission - JRC); Ancuta Isbasoiu (European Commission - JRC); Ana Klinnert (European Commission - JRC); Dimitrios Kremmydas (European Commission - JRC); Robert M’barek (European Commission - JRC); Victor Nechifor (European Commission - JRC); Kjersti Nes (European Commission - JRC); Ignacio Pérez Domínguez (European Commission - JRC); Simone Pieralli (European Commission - JRC); Dolores Rey Vicario (European Commission - JRC); Bartlomiej Rokicki (European Commission - JRC); Kevin Schneider (European Commission - JRC); Antti Simola (European Commission - JRC); Pascal Tillie (European Commission - JRC); Juan Tur Cardona (European Commission - JRC); Franz Weiss (European Commission - JRC); Giampiero Genovese (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The Integrated Modelling Platform for Agro-economic Commodity and Policy Analysis (iMAP) provides in-house policy support to the European Commission by assessing a wide range of policies and topics related to sustainable food systems (SFS). Substantially supported by DG AGRI, iMAP is constantly further developed to meet evolving policy needs. Although many developments are ongoing, this report outlines iMAP’s enhanced analytical capacity to capture the multidimensional aspects of SFS and assess policy impacts. Considerable progress has been made in capturing production and environmental aspects of policies and strategies, particularly those related to the European Green Deal (EGD). Significant developments have been achieved in integrating biophysical models, other sector-specific models, and satellite imagery data into iMAP’s analytical framework. However, comprehensive modelling of environmental aspects of farming practices remains challenging due to the complex interplay of biological and agronomic factors, coupled with data limitations. Limited data on specific aspects of consumer behaviour also remains a constraint for comprehensive assessments. The report shows that iMAP, along with interdisciplinary collaboration and tool integration, provides a suitable framework for assessing EGD- related policies. However, the report also highlights general uncertainties, scientific knowledge gaps, and data constraints that limit a full assessment of all aspects of the transition towards more SFS. |
| Keywords: | Agro-economic-environmental modelling, Green Deal, Food Systems |
| JEL: | Q1 C6 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc135313&r=env |
| By: | Fouquet, Roger |
| Abstract: | To better understand the processes of digitalisation, dematerialisation and decarbonisation, this paper examines the relationship between energy and information for the global economy since 1850. It presents the long run trends in energy intensity and communication intensity, as a proxy for total information intensity. The evidence suggests that, relative to GDP, global economic production has been reducing energy and increasing information use since 1913. The analysis indicates that it initially required little information to replace energy in production and that the ability to substitute away from energy and towards information has been declining. The result implies that the global economy is now reducing energy and increasing information at a substitution rate of 0.2 kB per kWh of conserved energy or 0.8 GB per tonne of carbon dioxide mitigated. As the price ratio of energy to information is currently higher than this marginal rate of substitution, there are incentives to further substitute information for energy. However, one conclusion is that (without the long run escalation of carbon prices) substitution away from energy and towards information is likely to cease within the next few decades and, beyond that, digitalisation will play a declining role in the decarbonisation process. |
| Keywords: | ES/R009708/1; EP/R035288/1 |
| JEL: | J1 |
| Date: | 2023–12–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:121063&r=env |
| By: | Daniel Citrin (Formerly IMF Director of Budget and Planning and independent consultant); Daouda Sembene (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | Evidence suggests that Africa is the most vulnerable continent to climate change. While African countries contribute relatively little to global emissions, they remain significantly vulnerable to the devastating economic effects of this phenomenon. This paper reviews IMF activities and explores how best the IMF could support efforts by African countries to cope with macroeconomic policy and structural challenges associated with climate change. To this end, while recognizing the relative significance of the overall IMF contribution to addressing this global challenge, we make several recommendations about potential ways to strengthen the role of IMF surveillance, capacity development and financing. First, IMF staff should ensure that policy advice in the context of global, regional and country surveillance fit specific circumstances and institutional capacity of African countries as well as their economic vulnerabilities to climate change. To enable timely response to climate-related crises, staff teams should also be prepared to provide advice on a flexible basis, without being tied to formal periodic work schedules. Additionally, the IMF could facilitate adaptation and mitigation by engaging in intensive outreach activities about the economic impact of climate change. Second, there is merit in developing comprehensive IMF capacity development strategies in close collaboration with the authorities in climate-vulnerable countries. For effective implementation, the IMF will need to identify and actively seek adequate financing for capacity development activities on climate issues. Finally, while the Resilience and Sustainability Trust (RST) is a welcome addition to the IMF toolkit and represents a potentially significant source of financing for some sub-Saharan African countries, specific amendments could be considered notably with a view to limiting the potential cost for low-income borrowers to access its resources. Moreover, successful operationalization of the RST hinges on careful and flexible design of conditionality and how programs under the new facility will be linked to concurrent upper-credit tranche programs. |
| Date: | 2022–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:264&r=env |
| By: | Raihan M. Ramadhan (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Pyan A. Muchtar (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)) |
| Abstract: | Despite facing global uncertainties, Indonesia has achieved macroeconomic stability, supported by strong responses in fiscal and monetary policy, as well as robust domestic supply chains. By using its natural resources and following the global trend of green industries, Indonesia aims to become a key player in the global renewable energy market. Sound infrastructure is one of the key requirements to attract high-profile investments, but Indonesia struggles with poor and unequal infrastructure. Cumbersome bureaucracy and restrictiveness towards services trade also hinder the nation from reaching its potential. Strengthening physical, human, and institutional infrastructure will help the country secure investments and boost trade. |
| Date: | 2023–01–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2022-07&r=env |
| By: | Camille Eslan (FFE - Fédération Française d'Equitation, La Jumenterie du Pin [IFCE] - IFCE - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Date: | 2023–12–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04344791&r=env |
| By: | RUSSO Carlo; SANSONE Marcello; COLAMATTEO Annarita; PAGNANELLI Maria Anna |
| Abstract: | This report presents the results from an extensive review of economic and managerial literature about mandatory and voluntary sustainability standards. The review addresses the study question: “Do mandatory standards or voluntary standards do better job in stimulating the transition to sustainable agri-food system?”. A bibliometric review identified four main branches in the academic literature on sustainability standards: Fairness and farmer welfare, Governance, Management and Consumption. The review of the most cited scientific articles in each branch concluded that sustainability standards can promote the transition toward a more sustainable food system, provide profit opportunity for farmers, improve vertical coordination, but they can be used to increase large firms’ bargaining power. The survey found also that the comparison between mandatory and voluntary sustainability standards is not one of the most debated topics in the literature. To address the research question, an illustrative model was developed to extend the conclusions from industrial organization literature on safety and quality standards to sustainability standards. If the main objective of the policy action is helping efficient firms to be even more sustainable, voluntary standards may be preferable. Instead, if the main objective is to lead all firms (and the least efficient ones in particular) to ensure at least a minimum level of sustainability, mandatory standards may be preferable. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc130619&r=env |
| By: | Pratik Thakkar (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research); Kausik Gangopadhyay (Indian Institute of Management); Rupayan Pal (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research) |
| Abstract: | In a trade-connected world, an adverse impact on economic growth on account of temperature shock in one economy may have a spillover effect on other economies. The current study quantitatively evaluates the impact of temperature shock on economic growth, during 1971--2019 for 168 economies, through direct and spillover channels. Our findings indicate that, while a temperature shock engenders an overall adverse effect on economic growth of all economies, only tropical economies experience a direct adverse effect, which is then transmitted to their non-tropical trade partners. The spillover effect is significant and more substantial for non-tropical economies than their direct effect. Among the sectors, the non-agriculture sector is sensitive to the spillover effect. Finally, the overall adverse effects on poor and rich economies hinge upon the direct and spillover effects, respectively. In our analysis, except for rich tropical economies, all experience an overall adverse effect. |
| Keywords: | Temperature shock, Climate change, Direct effect, Spillover effect, Economic growth |
| JEL: | F14 F18 O13 O14 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2023-014&r=env |
| By: | Camille Eslan (FFE - Fédération Française d'Equitation, La Jumenterie du Pin [IFCE] - IFCE - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Céline Vial (La Jumenterie du Pin [IFCE] - IFCE - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | La filière équine en France représente aujourd'hui un poids économique significatif, générant 66 000 emplois en activité principale dont 52 000 emplois directs, et un chiffre d'affaires global de 11 milliards d'euros. Cette filière, composée de quatre segments interdépendants (sport-loisir, course, travail et viande), lie au sein d'une même économie le secteur agricole et l'univers sportif. Le segment des sports-loisirs, qui compte le plus de pratiquants et de chevaux, forme par exemple un vaste écosystème, réunissant une diversité d'acteurs confrontés à des défis spécifiques. Ces activités couvrent un large éventail, allant des loisirs, en passant par les compétitions sportives amateurs et professionnelles, jusqu'au haut niveau olympique et paralympique. L'élevage français brille souvent en compétition grâce à la qualité de ses chevaux. D'ailleurs, 21 000 chevaux ont été vendus à l'étranger en 2022. |
| Keywords: | Filière équine, Bien-être animal, Loisir équestre, Sport |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04357668&r=env |
| By: | Kejia Yang (Department of Environmental Social Science, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland); Kaidong Feng (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture (TIK), University of Oslo, Norway) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we explore how governance structures influence different transition pathways in the case of China’s green energy transitions. The paper challenges the dominant understanding, focused on state-led models, of China’s transitions, by comparing two different governance structures that emerged on the ground in two of China’s provinces. One structure follows the current path of centralised power systems, led by the developmental state model; the other departs from the existing model by building more distributed energy systems driven by a wide range of actors, this model being characterised as ‘distributed governance structures’. Although it is still too early to conclude which model will be dominant in the future, these two models may result in two divergent transition pathways for China’s future low-carbon development. We therefore present two governance scenarios for China’s future energy transitions and discuss their general implications. One governance capacity depends on the developmental state and its capacities to reflectively collect information and build knowledge capacity by engaging with big players. The other governance capacity depends on distributed capacity among a wide range of actors, and the learning and interactions among them. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tik:inowpp:20240108&r=env |
| By: | Moro, Alessandro; Zaghini, Andrea |
| Abstract: | We propose a model with mean-variance foreign investors who exhibit a convex disutility associated to brown bond holdings. The model predicts that bond green premia should be smaller in economies with a closer financial account and highly volatile exchange rates. This happens because foreign intermediaries invest relatively less in such economies, and this lowers the marginal disutility of investing in polluting activities. We find strong empirical evidence in favor of this hypothesis using a global bond market dataset. Exchange rate volatility and financial account openness are thus able to explain the higher financing costs of green projects in emerging markets relative to advanced economies, especially when green bonds are denominated in local currency: a disadvantage that we can call the "green sin" of emerging economies. |
| Keywords: | Green bonds, Greenium, Exchange rate volatility, Financial openness, Original sin |
| JEL: | F21 F30 F31 G11 G12 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:cfswop:280929&r=env |
| By: | Gilles Paché (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon) |
| Abstract: | No sooner has the FIFA World Cup 2022 ended, than the next competition, to be held in the United States, Canada, and Mexico in 2026, is already at the heart of the sporting, economic and geopolitical questions. As in the case of Qatar, controversies are beginning to surface about the non-environmental nature of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. The choice of three neighboring countries, which make up a vast continent, raises the question of the ecological cost of long journeys of several thousand kilometers, which will give priority to air transport. It is as if FIFA were acting with a kind of environmental impunity, which is confirmed by the choices made for the 2030 and 2034 tournaments. One explanation is the major absence of a countervailing power to a non-state body that lays down the rules of the game without ever being challenged. The research note addresses this reality, which raises the problem of the governance of top-level sport, and its recurrent disconnection with societal and environmental issues of the utmost importance. |
| Abstract: | À peine la FIFA World Cup de 2022 terminée, la compétition suivante, qui se tiendra aux États-Unis, au Canada et au Mexique en 2026, est déjà au coeur de l'actualité autant sportive qu'économique et géopolitique. Comme pour le Qatar, des controverses commencent à poindre sur le caractère non-environnemental de la FIFA World Cup de 2026. Le choix de trois pays certes voisins, mais qui forment un vaste continent, pose le problème du coût écologique de longs déplacements de plusieurs milliers de kilomètres qui vont privilégier le transport aérien. Tout se passe comme si la FIFA agissait dans une sorte d'impunité environnementale, qui se confirme avec les choix relatifs aux tournois de 2030 et 2034. L'une des explications possibles est l'absence majeure d'un contrepouvoir face à un organisme non étatique qui édicte ses règles du jeu sans jamais être contesté. La note de recherche aborde cette réalité qui pose le problème de la gouvernance du sport de haut niveau, et sa déconnexion récurrente avec des enjeux sociétaux et environnementaux de première importance. |
| Keywords: | Contre-pouvoir, FIFA World Cups, Football, Environnement, Logistique |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04348226&r=env |
| By: | Jeroen Struben (EM - emlyon business school); Florian Kapmeier (Reutlingen University) |
| Abstract: | "Why are organizations and markets slow to transform toward sustainability despite the abundant well-recognized opportunities it provides? An important subset of the phenomena this question addresses involves decision-makers recognizing the existence of opportunities but failing to undertake ambitious, effective, sufficient, or timely action. Building on existing research on capability traps, market formation, and managing sustainability, we focus on the forces constraining organizations from developing the capabilities and market infrastructures required for sustainability transformations. We characterize types of sustainability initiatives and, using causal loop diagramming, visualize structures that enable and constrain how organizations can navigate individually and collectively worse-before-better dynamics resulting from uncertain, nonlinear, and delayed returns. Being under day-to-day pressures and deeply intertwined within their environment, organizational actors find it difficult to recognize, undertake, maintain, and coordinate necessary efforts internally and externally. We discuss research implications and directions for future research on avoiding these traps and accelerating sustainability transformations." |
| Keywords: | Sustainability transformations, corporate environmental sustainability, capability traps, collective action problems, market infrastructure |
| Date: | 2023–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325733&r=env |
| By: | Sabyasachi Das (Ashoka University); Souvik Dutta (Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the consequence of decentralization in the management of canal irrigation for spatial allocation of water and agricultural performance. Under centralized management, farmers closer to the canal tend to over-extract water, resulting in spatial mis-allocation. We test whether decentralization can improve spatial allocation of water by exploiting the staggered constitution of locally elected canal management bodies (“Pani Panchayats†) in the state of Orissa, India, that decentralized its canal management. Using survey data and a heterogeneous treatment effect estimation strategy using farmer level fixed effects, we show that farming plots farther away from the canal received less water under centralized system, but longer exposure to decentralization significantly reduces spatial mis-allocation. Consequently, agricultural revenue and wealth (landholding) improve more for those farmers. We find suggestive evidence that distant farmers’ ability to complain to local representatives is an important mechanism explaining our results. |
| Keywords: | Pani Panchayats; local governance; natural resource management |
| Date: | 2023–01–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ash:wpaper:91&r=env |
| By: | Noaman ZERIOUH (FSJES-Souissi, UM5 - Faculty of Law, Economic and Social Sciences of Souissi, Mohammed V University of Rabat); Lalla Saadia HAMIDI (FSJES-Souissi, UM5 - Faculty of Law, Economic and Social Sciences of Souissi, Mohammed V University of Rabat) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the adoption of the ISO 26000 standard through a dynamic and reflective documentary analysis within the framework of a theoretical narrative and traditional study. It conducts a literature review of scientific publications between 1999 and 2022 in the Scopus database to identify the main benefits generated by the implementation of this standard as a strategic competitive element for the company from the perspective of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this sense, this study shows that the implementation of strategies to promote socially responsible actions is currently an effective means of promoting organizational development, since they generate significant benefits in terms of added value and competitive advantage, aspects that highlight the importance of adopting and necessity. The company interprets the ISO 26000 standard as a management model based on the Sustainable Development Objectives (SDG). |
| Abstract: | Cet article étudie l'adoption de la norme ISO 26000 à partir d'une analyse documentaire dynamique et réflexive dans le cadre d'une étude théorique narrative et traditionnelle, à travers une revue documentaire de la littérature scientifique publiée entre 1999 et 2022 dans la base de données de la plateforme Scopus, afin d'identifier les principaux bénéfices générés par la mise en œuvre de cette norme en tant qu'élément stratégique compétitif de l'entreprise sous l'angle de la responsabilité sociétale (RS). En ce sens, cette recherche a identifié que la mise en œuvre de stratégies qui favorisent les actions de RS est actuellement un moyen efficace pour stimuler le développement organisationnel en raison des grands avantages qu'elles génèrent en termes de valeur ajoutée et d'avantages concurrentiels, des aspects qui démontrent l'importance et la nécessité pour les entreprises d'adopter la norme ISO 26000 en tant que modèle de gestion orienté vers les Objectifs de Développement Durable - ODD. |
| Keywords: | bénéfices RSE, Social Responsibility, Benefits SR, ISO 26000, Stakeholder, Responsabilité sociale, Stakeholders |
| Date: | 2023–12–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04352469&r=env |
| By: | Wadim Strielkowski; Larisa Gorina; Elena Korneeva; Olga Kovaleva |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the role of energy-saving technologies and energy efficiency in the post-COVID era. The pandemic meant major rethinking of the entrenched patterns in energy saving and efficiency. It also provided opportunities for reevaluating energy consumption for households and industries. In addition, it highlighted the importance of employing digital tools and technologies in energy networks and smart grids (e.g. Internet of Energy (IoE), peer-to-peer (P2P) prosumer networks, or the AI-powered autonomous power systems (APS)). In addition, the pandemic added novel legal aspects to the energy efficiency and energy saving and enhanced inter-national collaborations and partnerships. The paper highlights the importance of energy efficiency measures and examines various technologies that can contribute to a sustainable and resilient energy future. Using the bibliometric network analysis of 12960 publications indexed in Web of Science databases, it demonstrates the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing energy-saving technologies and autonomic power systems in a post-COVID world. Our findings emphasize the need for robust policies, technological advancements, and public engagement to foster energy efficiency and mitigate the environmental impacts of energy consumption. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.11711&r=env |
| By: | Davide Rizzo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Fatma Fourati-Jamoussi (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Lucian Ceapraz (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Mariia Ostapchuk (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Hanitra Randrianasolo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Anne Combaud (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Michel J.-F. Dubois (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle) |
| Abstract: | The paper explores novel connections between human and technology-driven innovation in a French agritech cluster. It focuses on the whole system innovation and addresses specifically the impact of digitalisation related to precision agriculture deployment. The cluster under investigation has been settled by the Beauvaisis municipalities' agglomeration. It comprises interactions between local authorities, firms and knowledge institutions. The analysis covers various perspectives of the stakeholders' interactions and the role of intermediary actors and introduces the concept of the floating prescriber. The early results and the following analyses will contribute to highlighting the way an ecosystem (a cluster) is developed around the issue of digital technologies and sustainable agriculture. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Technologie, Innovations soutenables |
| Date: | 2023–05–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04295987&r=env |
| By: | Maria Dolores Gadea; Jesus Gonzalo; Andrey Ramos |
| Abstract: | Determining whether Global Average Temperature (GAT) is an integrated process of order 1, I(1), or is a stationary process around a trend function is crucial for detection, attribution, impact and forecasting studies of climate change. In this paper, we investigate the nature of trends in GAT building on the analysis of individual temperature grids. Our 'micro-founded' evidence suggests that GAT is stationary around a non-linear deterministic trend in the form of a linear function with a one-period structural break. This break can be attributed to a combination of individual grid breaks and the standard aggregation method under acceleration in global warming. We illustrate our findings using simulations. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.06379&r=env |
| By: | Darmasetiawan, Noviaty Kresna; Rianawati, Andri; Hadi, Faizal Susilo |
| Abstract: | The extraordinary sea potential is owned by the City of Bitung, North Sulawesi, both from fisheries and tourism. This potential is well known to foreign countries, so it has the opportunity to become the flagship of the blue economy in Indonesia. This paper explores the role of collaboration strategy (CS) theory and resource-based view (RBV), which are the basis for formulating and creating competitive advantage to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. The type of research used was a qualitative research approach; the data collection was conducted through focus group discussion methods and in-depth interviews with stakeholders of entrepreneurs who engaged in the fisheries sector, marine tourism, government, and academics. The collaboration strategy theory is poised to play a crucial role in managing marine resources in Indonesia, particularly as the nation focuses on its blue economy flagship to gain a competitive advantage for sustainable development. This is especially evident in enhancing knowledge acquisition, which is essential for improving knowledge-based products among cluster members in the blue ocean economy. This research explores the contributions of the collaboration strategy and the resource-based view to the primary strategy in blue economy management, aiming to attain a sustainable competitive advantage. |
| Date: | 2023–12–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:w7v2e&r=env |
| By: | Pr Abdelbaki Noureddine (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco); Outellou Soumaya (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco); Driyasse Saleh (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco); Abid Fatiha (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco); Sabhi Rajae (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco); Abderrahim Oiskhine (ENCGK - ENCG University Ibn Tofail of Kenitra, Morocco) |
| Abstract: | This article highlights the importance of adopting a holistic approach In the analysis of food behavior within territorialized food systems. These systems, focused on geographical proximity, play a growing role in promoting local and sustainable food. The study explores the various factors that influence food choices, ranging from cultural traditions to environmental considerations. It also highlights the complex interaction between actors in the system, such as producers, distributors and consumers, and underlines the importance of adapted food policies. By adopting a holistic perspective, the article offers a comprehensive vision of the issues related to food behavior in these systems, thus offering innovative perspectives for a more balanced and environmentally-friendly diet at the local level. |
| Abstract: | Cet article met en lumière l'importance d'adopter une approche holistique dans l'analyse du comportement alimentaire au sein des systèmes alimentaires territorialisés. Ces systèmes, axés sur la proximité géographique, jouent un rôle croissant dans la promotion de l'alimentation locale et durable. L'étude explore les divers facteurs qui influent sur les choix alimentaires, allant des traditions culturelles aux considérations environnementales. Elle met également en avant l'interaction complexe entre les acteurs du système, tels que les producteurs, les distributeurs et les consommateurs, et souligne l'importance des politiques alimentaires adaptées. En adoptant une perspective holistique, l'article propose une vision complète des enjeux liés au comportement alimentaire dans ces systèmes, offrant ainsi des perspectives innovantes pour une alimentation plus équilibrée et respectueuse de l'environnement au niveau local. |
| Keywords: | Eating behavior, food system, localized food system, holistic approach. |
| Date: | 2023–11–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04333885&r=env |
| By: | Alexander Roth |
| Abstract: | The decarbonization of buildings requires the phase-out of fossil fuel heating systems. Heat pumps are considered a crucial technology to supply a substantial part of heating energy for buildings. Yet, their introduction is not without challenges, as heat pumps generate additional electricity demand as well as peak loads. To better understand these challenges, an ambitious simultaneous heat pump rollout in several central European countries with an hourly-resolved capacity expansion model of the power sector is studied. I assess the structure of hours and periods of peak heat demands and their concurrence with hours and periods of peak residual load. In a 2030 scenario, I find that meeting 25% of total heat demand in buildings with heat pumps would be covered best with additional wind power generation capacities. I also identify the important role of small thermal energy storage that could reduce the need for additional firm generation capacity. Due to the co-occurrence of heat demand, interconnection between countries does not substantially reduce the additional generation capacities needed for heat pump deployment. Based on six different weather years, my analysis cautions against relying on results based on a single weather year. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.06589&r=env |
| By: | Océane Biabiany (ASSET - Agroécologie, génétique et systèmes d’élevage tropicaux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Eduardo Chia (UMR Innovation - Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Jean-Luc Gourdine (ASSET - Agroécologie, génétique et systèmes d’élevage tropicaux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Nathalie Mandonnet (ASSET - Agroécologie, génétique et systèmes d’élevage tropicaux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | A partir de deux projets de recherche-intervention en Guadeloupe pour la conception de systèmes de production agroécologiques, nous interrogeons les rôles du territoire, et particulièrement de l'insularité, pour la souveraineté alimentaire. Nous prenons le parti d'observer les traductions et les proximités qui opèrent, pour explorer la dimension de la gouvernance territoriale. Nous ouvrons la discussion sur la nécessité d'une perspective décoloniale sur ces questions. |
| Keywords: | traduction, proximité, gouvernance alimentaire, transition agroécologique, co-conception, insularité, Guadeloupe, décolonialité |
| Date: | 2023–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04332470&r=env |
| By: | PEREZ CAMACHO M Nati (European Commission - JRC); FARACA Giorgia (European Commission - JRC); PEREZ ARRIBAS Zahara (European Commission - JRC); KOWALSKA Malgorzata Agata; WOLF Oliver (European Commission - JRC); SINKKO Taija (European Commission - JRC); TOSCHES Davide (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This Preliminary Report is intended to provide the background information for the revision of the EU Ecolabel criteria for the product group ‘Absorbent Hygiene Products’. The previous set of criteria was adopted in 2014 through Commission Decision 2014/763/EU. The revised EU Ecolabel criteria are set to cover a wider scope as for the first time they include a set of criteria targeting reusable menstrual cups. The product group has been enlarged thus to cover ‘absorbent hygiene products’ and ‘reusable menstrual cups'. To support the revision process with technical evidence, this Preliminary Report consists of: — an analysis of the scope, definitions and description of the legal framework, as well as a first proposal for the revised scope (Task 1); — a market analysis (Task 2); — a technical analysis, including an environmental assessment (Task 3). This background information, combined with input received from the stakeholders involved, has been used in the revision process to justify the choices behind the revision of the criteria. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134703&r=env |
| By: | Billy A. Ferguson; Paul Milgrom |
| Abstract: | Many proposed surface water transfers undergo a series of regulatory reviews designed to mitigate hydrological and economic externalities. While these reviews help limit externalities, they impose substantial transaction costs that also limit trade. To promote a well-functioning market for surface water in California, we describe how a new kind of water right and related regulatory practices can balance the trade-off between externalities and transaction costs, and how a Water Incentive Auction can incentivize a sufficient number of current rights holders to swap their old rights for the new ones. The Water Incentive Auction adapts lessons learned from the US government’s successful Broadcast Incentive Auction. |
| JEL: | D23 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32010&r=env |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Kosovo is rightly working to improve its public investment management to support future economic growth and improvements in wellbeing. This assessment applies the IMF Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) framework, including the Climate-PIMA module. It finds that there have been improvements in Kosovo’s public investment management institutions since the original 2015 PIMA assessment—but the design of these institutions is stronger than their effectiveness in practice. Continued reforms are needed to strengthen the project appraisal process, improve the pace of project implementation, and increase central support for major projects. Like most other countries, Kosovo is at an early stage of incorporating climate aspects into public investment management. Strengthening the alignment between climate goals and sectoral infrastructure planning and delivery will be needed to ensure that infrastructure investments are resilient and assist Kosovo in meeting is climate objectives. |
| Keywords: | Public investment; climate change; public finance. |
| Date: | 2023–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/380&r=env |
| By: | Sebastian G. Kessing |
| Abstract: | A global monopoly supplier country of necessary inputs for the provision of global public goods has an incentive to subsidize these exports. The strategic interdependence in the global public good context reverses the ”large country” incentives to manipulate the terms-of-trade. It is optimal for a monopoly supplier country to deliberately worsen its terms of trade. The existence of a global monopoly supplier increases global public good supply relative to a competitive setting. Import-dependent countries may also benefit from a monopoly supplier. While they are strategically exploited to increase their contributions to the global public good, they do so at lower costs, and they benefit from increased contributions by the other importer countries. |
| Keywords: | global public goods, market power, climate policy, terms-of-trade, Inflation Reduction Act, Net Zero Industry Act |
| JEL: | H41 D60 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10834&r=env |
| By: | Pérez-Mesa, Juan Carlos; García Barranco, Mª Carmen; Ciagnocavo, Cynthia; Hernández Rubio, Jesús |
| Abstract: | The objective of this study is to find new options for the promotion of intermodality, based on short sea shipping, as applied to perishable products. At present, most of the transport is carried out by refrigerated trucks. In theory, this change would have positive effects on the environment and could even reduce transit costs, but companies are still hesitant to implement this practice. In this context, the present study aims to determine whether there are aspects other than operational considerations (e.g., time, cost, quality or environmental concerns) that condition modal shift. First, a literature review is conducted which attempts to identify both the strengths and weaknesses of intermodality in perishable transport. This review serves as the basis for the elaboration of a questionnaire targeting transport actors within the fruit and vegetable supply chain in southeastern Spain – the area taken as an application example. Next, the survey is used to determine the possible drivers that would favor a modal shift applying a structural equation analysis, corroborated with a traditional econometric model. As a result, the design of an overall strategy based on the creation of redistribution hubs at destination (i.e., located at ports), whose operations could be optimized through the digitization of the supply chain, appears to be a promising approach. |
| Keywords: | modal shift, international transport, perishables products, redistribution centers, short sea shipping. |
| JEL: | M21 Q13 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:119464&r=env |
| By: | Bryan Bollinger; Naim Darghouth; Kenneth Gillingham; Andres Gonzalez-Lira |
| Abstract: | Product complementarities can shape market patterns, influencing the demand for related products and their accessories. This study examines complementarities in the demand for rooftop solar and an accessory, battery energy storage. Using nationwide administrative data, we estimate a dynamic nested-logit model of solar and storage adoption. We quantify the demand complementarity between solar and storage, and find that if storage was not available, 20% of households who coadopt solar and storage would not adopt anything. We find that the demand for solar and storage bundles increases with power outages, with a larger effect in California. |
| JEL: | C51 L94 Q48 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32003&r=env |
| By: | Samuele Centorrino; Maria P\'erez-Urdiales; Boris Bravo-Ureta; Alan J. Wall |
| Abstract: | Improving the productivity of the agricultural sector is part of one of the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations. To this end, many international organizations have funded training and technology transfer programs that aim to promote productivity and income growth, fight poverty and enhance food security among smallholder farmers in developing countries. Stochastic production frontier analysis can be a useful tool when evaluating the effectiveness of these programs. However, accounting for treatment endogeneity, often intrinsic to these interventions, only recently has received any attention in the stochastic frontier literature. In this work, we extend the classical maximum likelihood estimation of stochastic production frontier models by allowing both the production frontier and inefficiency to depend on a potentially endogenous binary treatment. We use instrumental variables to define an assignment mechanism for the treatment, and we explicitly model the density of the first and second-stage composite error terms. We provide empirical evidence of the importance of controlling for endogeneity in this setting using farm-level data from a soil conservation program in El Salvador. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.13939&r=env |
| By: | Marie Delaplace (UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, LAB'URBA - LAB'URBA - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel); Patrice Ballester (M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, Euridis - Euridis Business School) |
| Abstract: | Events in the city: between attractiveness and negative externalities. Through events, it is the staging, storytelling and production of a renewed tourist offer that is in question. The commercial, cultural and sports city questions in more ways than one. What are the lasting effects of the ephemeral in urban areas and for whom? Citizens, consumers, elected officials and national and international tourists show and think differently about the mega-event according to their interests and practices. The instrumentalization of events also involves pre and post-event assessments and support processes for infrastructures (convention and fair grounds or Olympic village) and public spaces bequeathed (seafront urban leisure facilities ) .The renewed attractiveness to attract more and more tourists comes up against the Sustainable Development Goals. The negative externalities mentioned in the various articles in this special issue of City & Tourism show that it is necessary to reflect upstream on the meaning that the actors wish to give to their event, its societal repercussions, and the limits, beliefs conveyed to this subject. |
| Abstract: | À travers l'évènementiel, c'est de la mise en scène, en récit et production d'une offre touristique renouvelée dont il est question. La ville marchande, culturelle et sportive interroge à plus d'un titre. Quels effets durables de l'éphémère en milieu urbain et pour qui ? Citoyens, consommateurs, élus et touristes nationaux et internationaux donnent à voir et à penser différemment le méga-événement suivant leurs intérêts et leurs pratiques. L'instrumentalisation de l'évènementiel passe aussi par des bilans pré et post évènement et des processus d'accompagnement des infrastructures (parc de congrès, de foire ou village olympique) et des espaces publics légués (front de mer équipement de loisirs urbain). L'attractivité renouvelée permettant d'attirer toujours plus de touristes se heurte aux Objectifs du Développement durable. Les externalités négatives mentionnées dans les différents articles de ce numéro spécial de City & Tourism montrent qu'il est nécessaire de réfléchir en amont sur le sens que les acteurs souhaitent donner à leur évènement, à ses répercussions sociétales, et aux limites, croyances véhiculées à ce sujet. |
| Keywords: | event, Olympic Games, world expo, sustainable, ephemeral, évaluation, negative externality, évènement, Jeux olympiques, exposition universelle, durable, éphémère, Evaluation, externalité négative |
| Date: | 2023–02–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04049773&r=env |
| By: | Valentin Bellassen (CESAER - Centre d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales Appliquées à l'Agriculture et aux Espaces Ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Dès le 1 er janvier 2024, un score environnemental devrait apparaître sur les produits alimentaires (et textiles), sorte de « Nutriscore » de l'écologie. Or, depuis plusieurs mois, la bataille des méthodologies fait rage. Plusieurs parties prenantes reprochent ainsi à l'Ecoscore, qui devrait inspirer le futur outil gouvernemental, de se borner à procéder à l'analyse du cycle de vie du produit. Ils mettent en avant que l'analyse de cycle de vie rend mal compte de l'impact des produits sur la biodiversité. Les défenseurs du Planet score reprochaient notamment au score environnemental retenu par les autorités, inspiré de l'Ecoscore, de donner de moins bonnes notes aux produits issus de l'agriculture biologique. [Plus de 85 000 lecteurs font confiance aux newsletters de The Conversation pour mieux comprendre les grands enjeux du monde. Abonnez-vous aujourd'hui] Etal d'un marché. Pxhere Affichage environnemental : bio ou pas, comment évaluer l'impact écologique des aliments ? |
| Keywords: | argiculture biologique, affichage environnemental, empreinte carbone, biodiversité, qualité de l'eau, impact environnemental |
| Date: | 2023–11–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04289337&r=env |
| By: | Tobias Schimanski; Chiara Colesanti Senni; Glen Gostlow; Jingwei Ni; Tingyu Yu; Markus Leippold |
| Abstract: | Nature is an amorphous concept. Yet, it is essential for the planet's well-being to understand how the economy interacts with it. To address the growing demand for information on corporate nature disclosure, we provide datasets and classifiers to detect nature communication by companies. We ground our approach in the guidelines of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD). Particularly, we focus on the specific dimensions of water, forest, and biodiversity. For each dimension, we create an expert-annotated dataset with 2, 200 text samples and train classifier models. Furthermore, we show that nature communication is more prevalent in hotspot areas and directly effected industries like agriculture and utilities. Our approach is the first to respond to calls to assess corporate nature communication on a large scale. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.17337&r=env |
| By: | Shujaat Farooq (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad); Nabila Kanwal (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad) |
| Abstract: | Today, millions of people in low-income countries lack access to health services due to accessibility and affordability issues. Health financing refers to the “function of a health system concerned with mobilizing and allocating money to cover health needs. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pid:pviewp:2023:44&r=env |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | The ECF/EFF-supported program has helped Moldova navigate headwinds, including from spillovers from Russia’s war in Ukraine—energy crisis and record-high inflation—and a drought, while catalyzing additional external financing. Moldova was granted EU candidate status in June 2022. Strong reform momentum and growthenhancing and climate-resilient investments are needed to foster long-term, sustainable development and convergence toward EU income levels. |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/428&r=env |
| By: | Leonardo Becchetti (CEIS & DEF, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"); Gianluigi Conzo (University of Rome "Tor Vergata") |
| Abstract: | Based on the horizontal differentiation literature we model decline in voter turnout as a rational choice when the distance between the voter and the closest party on the hyperplane of political preferences is regarded as too high by the voter. To analyse political preferences we consider five crucial segments going beyond the traditional left-right scale simplification (climate, migration, security, civil rights and income distribution). Our empirical findings on 32 countries in the last eight waves of the European Social Survey (ESS) support our research hypothesis: respondents who do not feel close to any party (57 percent of the sample) are more likely to abstain (23 percent of the sample). Results are confirmed when we use the Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) classification of political party positions to calculate distance. We as well show that those who declare to feel distant from political parties are significantly less concerned with climate and civil rights, while significantly more with income distribution, migration threat and security, as well as having lower education and belonging to lower income deciles. We conclude by arguing that the success of populist parties in the last decade is probably related to their higher capacity to identify characteristics of non voters and moving toward their preferences. |
| Keywords: | turnout, hotelling differentiation, environment, civil rights |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:569&r=env |
| By: | Fabrice Azemar (LBCM - Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Développement de revêtements antifouling écoresponsables |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326810&r=env |
| By: | PEREZ CAMACHO M Nati (European Commission - JRC); DONATELLO Shane; TARANCON ESTRADA Maria (European Commission - JRC); WOLF Oliver (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This report is intended to provide the background scientific information for the European Commission to respond to a number of derogation requests received for certain hazardous substances in response to Commission Decision 2014/312/EU setting the EU Ecolabel criteria for the indoor and outdoor paints and varnishes product group. To support the possible process of derogation from the EU Ecolabel criteria for indoor and outdoor paints and varnishes, this report consists of: — a general background to the EU Ecolabel with emphasis on the application of Articles 6(6) and 6(7) of EU Ecolabel Regulation (EC) No 66/2010; — the market situation and baseline information on hazardous substances, biocides and Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 (REACH) and Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 (CLP); — a technical assessment of each substance derogation request. This background information, combined with input received from the stakeholders involved, has been used to provide the final conclusions on the derogation requests received from stakeholders. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134742&r=env |
| By: | Karine Le Couviour; Karine Le Couviour (Lab-LEX - Laboratoire de recherche en droit - UR 7480 - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO - Université de Brest) |
| Abstract: | Catastrophe environnementale d'origine maritime : quelles indemnisations pour les victimes de marée noire ? ___ |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326916&r=env |
| By: | Juan Segundo Zapiola (Department of Economics, Universidad de San Andrés) |
| Abstract: | In this study, we investigate the effect drought has on school attendance in Tanzania. To do so, we exploit exogenous rainfall variability to explore its effect on the proportion of school attendance after they experienced a drought shock. We resulted in a positive and significant coefficient, indicating that those with a severe-extreme drought shock are likelier to increase school attendance. Notably, this finding holds across different model specifications, demonstrating the robustness and consistency of our results. |
| Keywords: | Drought, SPI, School Attendance, Tanzania, Education, Agriculture, Rainfall, Grid Cell, Severe-Extreme Drought Shock. |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sad:ypaper:12&r=env |
| By: | Sanjeev Gupta (Center for Global Development); Lucas Sala (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | Until the COVID pandemic, public spending in low- and low-middle-income countries had been growing modestly. As a result, governments expanded service provision, including in social sectors, and enlarged welfare programs. This was made possible in part by domestic revenue growth. However, the pandemic has significantly lowered revenue receipts of these countries, while creating pressures to spend more on shielding the population and providing support to the economy. Unfortunately, health outlays did not increase as a share of total output during 2000-2018. The preliminary evidence compiled in this paper shows that health spending in relation to GDP increased virtually in all low and low-middle income countries in 2020, though not by as much as in advanced economies. However, higher health spending in low and low-middle income countries is unlikely to be sustained because of the pandemic’s adverse impact on revenues and other spending pressures. Furthermore, COVID has critically scarred the future productivity of these countries. Before the pandemic, the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 was doubtful in part because of the slow pace in generating additional revenues from domestic sources. As the financing needs have increased, the achievement of these goals will be delayed beyond 2030, unless additional financing sources can be found. This means that policy actions will need to be taken by these countries to create additional fiscal space going forward. There is potential to raise more revenues from domestic sources by implementing politically difficult policy measures and generating savings by improving the quality of public spending, including on health. |
| Date: | 2022–06–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:262&r=env |
| By: | Céline Du Boys (AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Jossou Markolf; Raphaële Peres (ESPI2R - Laboratoire ESPI2R Research in Real Estate [Marseille] - ESPI - Ecole Supérieure des Professions Immobilières); Tiberghien Bruno (AMU - Aix Marseille Université) |
| Abstract: | Les risques et crises auxquels un territoire peut se retrouver confronté et la façon dont il y répond, forgent, pour partie, son identité. Ce chapitre permet d'aborder le territoire à travers ces marqueurs que constituent les risques, les crises et le développement des capacités de résilience. Les dynamiques et trajectoires qui se dessinent en la matière résident dans le fait que les territoires ne restent pas statiques face aux crises : leur vulnérabilité dépend pour une large part de leur capacité de résilience. Il s'agit ainsi d'envisager la façon dont un territoire peut développer ses capacités de résilience en s'adaptant aux crises. Les outils, pratiques et dynamiques de développement du territoire peuvent alors être regardés comme autant de capacités de résilience du territoire permettant de faire face aux chocs. Ainsi, le fil directeur de ce chapitre consiste à comprendre dans quelle mesure les risques, chocs et crises auxquels les territoires sont confrontés viennent façonner la résilience de ces derniers. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04150251&r=env |
| By: | Anbacha, A.; Mapedza, Everisto; Joshi, Deepa; Nigussie, Likimyelesh; Puskur, R.; Nchanji, E.; Mukhopadhyay, P.; Nortje, Karen; Enokenwa Baa, Ojongetakah; Jacobs-Mata, Inga; Zewde, Y.; Ketema, D.; Roothaert, R.; Lutomia, C.; Gartaula, H. N. |
| Abstract: | A stakeholder consultation workshop was conducted by the CGIAR Initiatives on Diversification in East and Southern Africa (Ukama Ustawi) and Gender Equality on 31 January 2023 at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The workshop aimed to identify and address barriers that limit participation of women and youth and how these are addressed in an ongoing "Veggies for People and Planet" program at the World Vegetable Center. The workshop also sought to investigate existing opportunities and recommend possible integrated solutions for more equitable and inclusive value chain development. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Farm Management, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2023–09–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmicp:339140&r=env |
| By: | Alain Bensoussan; Benoit Chevalier-Roignant (EM - emlyon business school); Alejandro Rivera |
| Abstract: | A renewable energy site can expand its power generation capacity by an endogenous amount, but may also want to shut down to save on fixed operating costs and interest payments if the market prospects deteriorate. We model such circumstances and derive managerial implications that help us explain real-world conundrums, illustrating the intricate interactions between the operational decision to build up capacity and the financial decision to exit an industry. Shutting down may be delayed in the hope of expanding capacity upon recovery; expansion may also be delayed in the presence of a valuable exit option. Numerical extensions provide further managerial insights. In particular, the presence of fixed or proportional financing costs may lead the firm to delay its expansion decision, but the scale of investment will only be affected by proportional costs. If herding behavior causes equipment prices to increase (resp., decrease) when electricity prices are high (resp., low), managers should invest earlier (resp., later) and more (resp., less) while equipment prices are low (resp., high). Furthermore, although volume swings (due to capacity decommissionings and expansions) are marked in a homogeneous industry (when the default and expansion thresholds are reached), heterogeneity in the population of wind farms smooths out such effects. |
| Date: | 2022–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325553&r=env |
| By: | Bozzolo Lueckel, Fabio; Monaghan, Rory; Lynch, Muireann à |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp763&r=env |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | The Senegalese economy continues to face headwinds. Despite the difficult socioeconomic environment, the authorities remain committed to the program objectives. Some of the downside risks identified at the time of the program request have materialized, leading to a downward revision of near-term growth. Inflation is projected to decline more gradually than anticipated. While near-term risks remain titled to the downside, with appropriate policies and the start of hydrocarbon production, medium-term prospects are favorable. |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/435&r=env |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Based on statistical data produced by several competent organizations, this article discusses, first, the evolution of sales of organic food products and the weight they represent in the overall food market. Representing 6.3% of the French food market in 2021 compared to 3.2% in 2015, organic products have enjoyed strong growth in recent years. Since 2021, however, the market has been facing many difficulties, mainly due to inflation, which is leading consumers to make new trade-offs in their purchasing actions. In a second step, this article focuses on French organic animal products, which will represent a little less than a quarter of organic food purchases in 2021. Organic livestock products are marketed for the most part through mass distribution channels and are not very concerned by foreign trade. Thus, contrary to other organic sectors (including fruit and vegetables), domestic consumption is almost exclusively assured by products from the national market. If the consumption of organic animal products has developed, at least until very recently (2021), there is however strong competition with other signs and quality labels (Label Rouge, AOP, IGP, CCP, etc.). In France, the share of organic production in total agricultural production (expressed in tonnage) is increasing, but it varies according to the sector. Eggs rank first on this criterion (15.4% of national production), ahead of dairy products (5.2% of cow's milk collection) and, further behind, meats, particularly pork and poultry (between 1% and 2% of slaughterings). |
| Abstract: | Basé sur une valorisation de données statistiques issues de différentes organisations compétentes, cet article discute, dans un premier temps, de l'évolution des ventes de produits alimentaires issus de l'agriculture biologique et du poids que celles-ci représentent dans le marché alimentaire global. En représentant 6, 3 % du marché alimentaire français en 2021 contre 3, 2 % en 2015, les produits bio ont bénéficié d'une forte croissance au cours des années récentes. Depuis 2021, cependant, le marché fait face à de nombreuses difficultés, en raison principalement de l'inflation qui amène les consommateurs à faire de nouveaux arbitrages dans leurs actes d'achat. Dans un second temps, cet article se focalise sur les produits animaux bio français, lesquels représentent un peu moins du quart des achats alimentaires bio en 2021. Les produits animaux bio sont commercialisés pour une grande part par le canal de la grande distribution et sont peu concernés par les échanges extérieurs. Ainsi contrairement à d'autres filières bio (dont les fruits et légumes), la consommation intérieure demeure quasi exclusivement assurée par des produits issus du marché national. Si la consommation de produits animaux bio s'est développée, du moins jusqu'à une période très récente (2021), une forte concurrence existe cependant avec les autres signes et mentions de qualité (Label Rouge, AOP, IGP, CCP, etc.). En France, la part du bio dans la production agricole totale (exprimée en tonnage) augmente, mais elle varie selon les filières. Les oeufs occupent le premier rang sur ce critère (15, 4 % de la production nationale), devant les produits laitiers (5, 2% de la collecte de lait de vache) et, plus loin derrière, les viandes, notamment celles de porc et de volailles (entre 1 % et 2 % des abattages). |
| Keywords: | Organic farming, Animal production, Agricultural markets, Farms, France, Agriculture biologique, Productions animales, Marchés agricoles, Exploitations agricoles |
| Date: | 2023–12–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04353443&r=env |
| By: | Kawther Aguibi (LGCgE - Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 - UA - Université d'Artois - Université de Lille - IMT Lille Douai - Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - JUNIA - JUNIA - UCL - Université catholique de Lille, UT&A - Transformations et Agro-ressources - UA - Université d'Artois - UniLaSalle) |
| Abstract: | Adjuvantation Biosourcée pour Ecomatériaux Isolants |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04324516&r=env |
| By: | Ramji, Aditya; Dayemo, Kristi |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Social and Behavioral Sciences, supply chain, lithium-ion batteries, graphite, electric vehicles |
| Date: | 2024–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt0q83t5fd&r=env |
| By: | Raphaëlle Vimbert (IUT Paul Sabatier - Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Paul Sabatier - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse) |
| Abstract: | Migrations environnementales et déplacés climatiques : quelle prise en charge par les médias d'information en continu ? L'exemple de BFM TV. |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326692&r=env |