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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Sinha, Avik; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Balsalobre, Daniel |
| Abstract: | Numerous studies regarding the economic growth-environmental pollution link have struggled to determine the effects of various forms of energy consumption on environmental degradation, particularly in the context of emerging economies. This study examines the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for CO2 emissions in N-11 countries during 1990-2014 by segregating three forms of energy consumption (renewable, biomass and non-renewable). Urbanization and trade openness are additional explanatory variables that are used in the empirical framework. Using the Generalized Moments Method (GMM), the empirical evidence confirms the presence of an N-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation for N-11 countries. This study analyzed the interaction effects among trade openness, biomass consumption and economic growth; these interactions had a negative impact on CO2 emissions levels of N-11 countries. Suitable policy recommendations have been provided based on the detailed results. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Kuznets Curve; Biomass Energy; Trade openness; Renewable energy |
| JEL: | A1 |
| Date: | 2017–09–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81212&r=env |
| By: | An Ha Truong (CleanED - Clean Energy and Sustainable Development Lab - USTH - University of sciences and technologies of hanoi); Hoang Anh Tran (CleanED - Clean Energy and Sustainable Development Lab - USTH - University of sciences and technologies of hanoi); Minh Ha-Duong (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CleanED - Clean Energy and Sustainable Development Lab - USTH - University of sciences and technologies of hanoi) |
| Abstract: | Co-firing biomass with coal is a relatively low-cost technology to utilize biomass for electricity production compared to dedicated biomass power plant. Co-firing could help to reduce the negative impact of coal power plants to economy, environment and society. Vietnam has potential to develop co-firing base on the abundant of biomass resources and because Vietnam will continue to build more coal-fired power plant in the next 2 decades as stated in the latest National Power Development Plan. Among the co-firing technologies, direct co-firing is the most suitable for Vietnam context. Despite of low biomass ratio, direct co-firing offers low investment cost and could utilize most of the biomass feedstock. Vietnam has huge biomass potential, especially the agriculture and forestry residues. These biomasses should be considered first as feedstock for co-firing. Biomass pellets is also a good choice in term of technical features and local supply. However, the price of pellets is not yet competitive with coal or agricultural residues. Economic benefit of co-firing would be higher in the plants that has following features: assess to stable biomass supply, biomass price competitive with coal, incentives and support in term of market for renewable energy utilization and waste reduction. Vietnam should start experimenting co-firing in the coal power plants that located in the area where biomass resource is available, easy to collect and deliver to the plant, using imported coal such as Vinh Tan 2, Duyen Hai 1, Long Phuoc 1…; or the plants that are soon or already depreciated such as Ninh Binh, Uong Bi or Pha Lai to utilize the existing infrastructures. The case study of co-firing 5% rice straw with coal in Ninh Binh Coal Power Plant shows that co-firing could bring benefit to the plant owner in the condition that lack supporting mechanism for co-firing as well as with the absent of carbon credit. Farmers and workers that work in biomass supply chain also benefit from co-firing, especially farmers. In addition, co-firing provide significant positive externalities, in which the most notable is health benefit from reducing air-borne pollutants. Greenhouse gas emissions reduction adds a small part to the overall benefit of co-firing. |
| Keywords: | co-firing, vietnam, straw |
| Date: | 2016–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01390558&r=env |
| By: | Robert Joumard (IFSTTAR/AME/LTE - Laboratoire Transports et Environnement - IFSTTAR - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux - PRES Université de Lyon) |
| Abstract: | Several large treaties are being negotiated or ratified today: between the European Union and the United States or Canada, the Trade in service agreement, three projects between EU and Africa, or the Transpacific agreement. We evaluate the methods of the many socio-economic impact studies of these treaties. Most of them take into account only the direct costs for the companies and not the external costs, social or environmental, which are much higher. The environmental impacts are taken into account only through sustainability impact assessments, whose input data are results of socio-economic impact studies. These impact assessments, in their most serious part, translate the economic impact assessments into impacts on pollutant emissions, consumption of raw materials or waste generation through inventory methods. But an inventory is only the first phase of an impact assessment. These studies try also to assess the impacts on other environment and sustainability aspects, as biodiversity, culture, inequalities, etc. but with a biased strictly economic rationality, without drawing on the variety of disciplines necessary for such exercises. |
| Abstract: | Plusieurs traités de grande envergure sont actuellement en cours de négociation ou de ratification : entre l'Union européenne et les États-Unis ou le Canada, l'Accord sur le commerce des services, trois projets de traités entre l'Union européenne et l'Afrique, ou le traité transpacifique. Ces traités ont fait l'objet de nombreuses études d'impact socio-économiques dont nous évaluons les méthodes. La plupart d'entre elles ne tiennent compte que des coûts directs pour les entreprises et non des coûts externes, sociaux comme environnementaux, qui sont très nettement plus élevés. Les impacts sur l'environnement ne sont pris en compte qu'au travers des études de l'impact sur le développement durable, qui prolongent les études d'impact socio-économiques dont elles prennent les résultats comme données de base. Ces études d'impact, pour leur partie la plus solide, traduisent les estimations d'impact économique en impacts sur les émissions de polluants, la consommation de matières premières ou la production de déchets par des méthodes de type inventaire. On ne peut cependant réduire une étude d'impact à un inventaire, qui n'en est que la première phase. Ces études tentent en outre d'évaluer l'impact sur d'autres aspects de l'environnement et du développement durable comme la biodiversité, la culture, les inégalités, etc. mais dans une vision strictement économique assez biaisée, sans faire appel à la variété des disciplines nécessaires à ce type d'exercice. En 2015, 262 accords commerciaux régionaux étaient en vigueur dans le monde. Ce sont, du plus simple au plus intégré, des accords commerciaux préférentiels, des accords ou traités de libre-échange, des unions douanières, ou des accords d'intégration économique. S'y ajoutent près de 3 000 traités bilatéraux (éventuellement multilatéraux) d'investissement. Ils assurent aux investisseurs étrangers (individus et sociétés) un haut niveau de protection contre le traitement éventuellement arbitraire des États dans lesquels ils possèdent du patrimoine. Les accords de libre-échange intègrent des dispositions semblables à celles des traités d'investissement à côté d'autres dispositions sur le commerce. |
| Keywords: | environnement, traité, libre-échange, méthode |
| Date: | 2016–10–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01404118&r=env |
| By: | Frederick van der Ploeg |
| Abstract: | Cumulative emissions drive peak global warming and determine the safe carbon budget compatible with staying below 2oC or 1.5oC. The safe carbon budget is lower if uncertainty about the transient climate response is high and risk tolerance low. Together with energy costs this budget determines the constrained welfare-maximizing carbon price and how quickly fossil fuel is replaced by renewable energy and how much of it is abated. This price is the sum of a gradual damages component familiar from the unconstrained optimal carbon price highlighted in economic studies and a Hotelling component for the additional price needed to ensure that the safe carbon budget is never violated familiar from IAM studies. If policy makers ignore damages, as in the cost-minimizing temperature constraint literature, a more rapidly rising carbon price results. The alternative of adjusting damages upwards to factor in the peak warming constraint leads initially to a higher carbon price which rises less rapidly. |
| Keywords: | peak warming target, climate uncertainty, risk tolerance, Pigouvian damamges, Hotelling rule, carbon price |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oxf:oxcrwp:195&r=env |
| By: | Marcelo Arbex (Department of Economics, University of Windsor); Michael Batu (Department of Economics, University of Windsor) |
| Abstract: | We introduce temperature shocks and environmental preferences in a real business cycle model with natural resources. Our findings suggest that permanent and temporary weather shocks propagation and their welfare implications depend crucially on whether agents exhibit environmental preferences. |
| Keywords: | Business Cycles; Temperature Shocks; Climate Change. |
| JEL: | E32 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wis:wpaper:1707&r=env |
| By: | Christopher Costello; Bruno Nkuiya; Nicolas Querou |
| Abstract: | How will countries harvesting mobile renewable resource react to the threat of climate change? We address the non-cooperative exploitation of a migratory renewable resource in the presence of possible regime shift that affects its movement. Motivated by the anticipated effects of climate change, we model a regime shift that will alter the spatial movement patterns of the resource at some point in the future. We develop a stochastic spatial bioeconomic model to address the effects of this class of regime shift on non-cooperative harvest decisions made by decentralized owners such as countries exploiting a migratory fish or other natural resource stock. We find that the threat of a future shift modifies the standard golden rule and may induce more aggressive harvest everywhere, irrespective of whether the owner will be advantaged or disadvantaged by the shift. We also identify conditions under which the threat of regime shift induces owners to reduce harvest rates in advance of the shift. Our analysis suggests that different property rights structures (single ownership vs common property) or heterogenous growth can give rise to previously unexplored incentives and can even reverse conventional wisdom about how countries will react to the threat of environmental change. |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lam:wpaper:17-07&r=env |
| By: | Salwa Mkik (Université Mohammed V de Rabat); Mustapha Khouilid (Université Mohammed V de Rabat); Amina Aomari (Université Mohammed V de Rabat) |
| Abstract: | The main intention to write this article is to determine the level of awareness and perception of Moroccan consumers through evaluating their connection to the environment, trust in green advertising promoted by companies and willingness to purchase green products. A survey was conducted to gather responses from online respondents using the social media website. Two hundred and two respondents have responded to the one week survey time, to a 24 questions questionnaire. The findings show that generally, the Moroccan consumers have some environmental awareness and a significant positive influence towards green advertising on their behaviour. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings will be discussed. |
| Keywords: | Environmental consumption,Green advertising,Consumer behaviour,Environmental awareness,Environmental concerns |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01581428&r=env |
| By: | Gallic, Ewen; Vermandel, Gauthier |
| Abstract: | How much do weather shocks matter? This paper analyzes the role of weather shocks in the generation and propagation of business cycles. We develop and estimate an original DSGE model with a weather-dependent agricultural sector. The model is estimated using Bayesian methods and quarterly data for New Zealand over the sample period 1994:Q2 to 2016:Q4. Our model suggests that weather shocks play an important role in explaining macroeconomic fluctuations over the sample period. A weather shock -- as measured by a drought index -- acts as a negative supply shock characterized by declining output and rising relative prices in the agricultural sector. Increasing the variance of weather shocks in accordance with forthcoming climate change leads to a sizable increase in the volatility of key macroeconomic variables and causes significant welfare costs up to 0.58% of permanent consumption. |
| Keywords: | Business Cycles; Climate Change; Weather Shocks; DSGE |
| JEL: | C11 C13 E32 E37 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81230&r=env |
| By: | Antonella Basso (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Marta Cardin (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Achille Giacometti (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari); Chiara Mio (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari) |
| Abstract: | The main aim of this contribution is to investigate the possibility to include sustainability among the performance features that can be taken into consideration by university rankings. To this aim we propose a set of well-defined sustainability indicators related to different aspects of sustainability. Today the mission of a University can hardly be reduced to simply teaching and research. A University should contribute to building a new and improved society, and as such, it must be a visionary center of sustainability, innovation, and excellence, disseminating values and the well-being of society. Within this framework, sustainability has to be integrated into everyday activities. Within the University framework sustainability is often identified with environmental sciences; on the contrary, it is a pervasive interdisciplinary issue entailing a number of different issues. While one specific university ranking (The GreenMetric) has adopted a ranking criterion fully hinging on sustainability indicators, none of the main global rankings have so far addressed the issue. Both in terms of good practice assessments, and as an important signal to the society as a whole, the introduction of sustainability in global rankings could be an important addition to the existing metrics, and a significant dimension of comparison. Among all different aspects of sustainability, those considered here are of three different kind: the environmental (or green) sustainability; the social sustainability; the relation with the local community. Within this framework, we propose a set of sustainable indicators, deeply rooted in the relevant scientific literature, easily measurable, and sufficiently flexible, to be selectively included in different rankings. |
| Keywords: | Sustainability indicators, university rankings |
| JEL: | I23 I30 Q56 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2017:18&r=env |
| By: | von Heyking, Carl-Anton; Jaghdani, Tinoush Jamali |
| Abstract: | Iran is suffering from groundwater resources depletion through the excessive subsidized electricity for water pumping and the resulting disproportionate water consumption in agriculture. The creation of an alternative income sources for farmers and elimination of heavy subsidies for groundwater pumping simultaneously is a possible option for dealing with this threat. By expanding photovoltaic technology (PV) in rural areas, farmers can have an alternative source of income by supply and sale of renewable energy through feed-in tariff (FiT) mechanism. The latest decision of the Ministry of Energy in Iran in 2016 for purchasing electricity which is generated by low capacity PV owners can be a solution for the above mentioned problem. This study undertakes a comparison between Germany and Iran of the development of decentralized power system and PV expansion by private owners. In direct comparison to Germany, Iran has a far higher solar radiation and significant potential for the generation of electricity through PVs. This study illuminates both countries' costs of conventional/renewable electricity power, their changing FiT's for renewable power and the renewable energy laws. Comparing the price development shows that a lucrative business arises by selling electricity for the Iranian owners of PV whereas in Germany the trend of self-consumption is clearly preferred. Innovative policies are needed to tackle infrastructural and economic challenges to exploit this potential in Iran. |
| Keywords: | Iran,Germany,photovoltaic technology (PV),groundwater depletion,electricity subsidy,feedintariff (FiT),decentralized power system,renewable energy laws |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:daredp:1709&r=env |
| By: | Fatima El Hadad Gauthier (UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - CIHEAM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRA Montpellier - Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier); Myriam-Emilie Kessari (Montpellier Recherche en Management (MRM) - Montpellier Business School); Giulia Palma (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier); Leila Temri (UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - CIHEAM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRA Montpellier - Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques); Selma Tozanli (UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - CIHEAM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRA Montpellier - Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | In this article, we first present the framework of the conventions theory (CT) and the sustainable criteria of the Alternative Food Networks (AFN). Then, we present our results chain’s actor by chain’s actor (processors, supermarkets, corner grocery stores and producers). We indicate their consideration for the local and organic food products and their values around these themes. Finally we discuss these results within the CT conceptual framework showing that the producers seems anchored in the industrial world while the other actors are in majority coordinated by the market world. Thus, we suggest that the levers will be different for the producers and for the other actors of the peach and apricot chains and yet some common values have to been found within the chain. |
| Keywords: | fruit production,value chain,alternative food network,sustainable convention |
| Date: | 2016–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01407267&r=env |
| By: | Singh, Rajesh; Weninger, Quinn |
| Abstract: | We introduce an ecological-economic model of a spatially and temporally heterogeneous multiple-species fishery. The fishery is regulated with individual transferable fishing quotas that cap landings of individual species during a regulatory cycle, or fishing season. Quotas are neither spatially nor temporally (within-season) delineated and, therefore, fishermen choose where and when to harvest fish. We derive a rational expectation equilibrium for the spatial-temporal harvests, landings, discards, and capital allocations over a representative season. Our results characterize a complex mapping from initial ecological-economic conditions, i.e., stock abundance, prices, technology, and regulations, to outcomes of management interest, e.g., spatial-temporal fishing mortality and resource rent generation. The results offer advice for resource managers for setting multiple-species quotas that effectively meet management goals in complex but realistic ecological-economic systems. |
| Date: | 2017–08–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isu:genstf:201708300700001033&r=env |
| By: | Tesfatsion, Leigh; Jie, Yu; Rehmann, Chris R.; Gutowski, William J. |
| Abstract: | This study describes the development of WACCShed, an agent-based software platform that permits the systematic study of interactions among hydrology, climate, and strategic human decision-making in a watershed over time. To illustrate the capabilities of the platform, findings are reported for a base-case application reflecting, in simplified form, the structural attributes of the Squaw Creek watershed in central Iowa. Attention is focused on the alignment of welfare outcomes as a prerequisite for effective watershed governance. Key treatment factors include farmer and city manager decision modes for land and budget allocations, farmer targeted savings, and the effectiveness of city levee investments for the mitigation of city flood damage. Welfare misalignment is found to arise across a broad spectrum of settings for these treatment factors. |
| Date: | 2015–12–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isu:genstf:201512160800001226&r=env |
| By: | Xuan Huang; Bruno Lanz |
| Abstract: | Using a dual-market sorting model of workers' location decisions, this paper studies the capitalization of air pollution in wages and property prices across Chinese cities. To account for endogeneity of air pollution in the determination of wages and property prices, we exploit quasi-experimental variations in air quality induced by a policy subsidizing coal-based winter heating in northern China, and document a discontinuity in average air quality for cities located north and south of the policy boundary. Using data for all 288 Chinese cities in 2011, we estimate an equilibrium relationship between wages and house prices for the entire system of Chinese cities, and specify a regression discontinuity design to quantify how variation in air quality induced by the policy affects this relationship locally. Our preferred estimates of the elasticity of wages and house prices with respect to PM10 concentration are 0.53 and -0.71 respectively. At the average of our sample, the willingness to pay for a marginal reduction in PM10 concentration is CNY 261.28 (about USD 40.50), with a significant share reflected in labor market outcomes. |
| Keywords: | Hedonic model; Air pollution; Labor market; House prices; Local public goods; Regression discontinuity |
| JEL: | H41 J31 R31 Q53 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irn:wpaper:17-10&r=env |
| By: | Philippe Polomé (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Etienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Claude Michel (Parc naturel régional des Ballons des Vosges) |
| Abstract: | A survey of private forest owners on adoption of the Natura 2000 charter has been designed to allow respondents to state motives for non-adoption. These motives fall into five main categories: Economic, Compatibility with own practices, Control over one's property, Information and " no motive ". Using a mixed logit model, we can show that owners of properties at least in part in N2000, significantly evoke the Control motive more often than the other owners; that is not the case of the other motives. Owners who are convinced their properties have a remarkable feature are significantly less likely to evoke the Control motive. We argue that these findings might be appropriated by environmental managers to induce adoption of the N2000 Charter. Abstract A survey of private forest owners on adoption of the Natura 2000 charter has been designed to allow |
| Keywords: | Non-indutrial private forest owner, Natura 2000 program, Motivation |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01582134&r=env |
| By: | Martina Sartori; Davide Geneletti; Stefano Schiavo; Rocco Scolozzi |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the structural, joint implications of climate and land-use change on agriculture in the European Union, by means of a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy. The counterfactual simulations are conducted at the year 2050 under the second Shared Socioeconomic Pathway. We find that climate and land-use change are likely to affect agricultural systems very differently across Europe. Northern countries are expected to benefit from climate change impacts, whereas other areas in Europe will suffer negative consequences in terms of reduced agricultural output, real income and welfare. The most vulnerable region is not made of Mediterranean countries, but rather Central Europe. Our results suggest that climate and land-use changes may exacerbate existing disparities within the EU. Therefore, appropriate adaptation strategies and a more flexible land-use are required to limit these negative consequences and possibly exploit the beneficial effects of climate change in some countries. |
| Keywords: | agricultural productivity shock, climate change, land-use change, general equilibrium analysis. |
| JEL: | C68 Q11 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bcu:iefewp:iefewp98&r=env |
| By: | Parag Mahajan; Dean Yang |
| Abstract: | How readily do potential migrants respond to increased returns to migration? Even if origin areas become less attractive vis-à-vis migration destinations, fixed costs can prevent increased migration. We examine migration responses to hurricanes, which reduce the attractiveness of origin locations. Restricted-access U.S. Census data allows precise migration measures and analysis of more migrant-origin countries. Hurricanes increase U.S. immigration, with the effect increasing in the size of prior migrant stocks. Large migrant networks reduce fixed costs by facilitating legal immigration from hurricane-affected source countries. Hurricane-induced immigration can be fully accounted for by new legal permanent residents (“green card” holders). |
| Keywords: | Immigration, migrant networks, returns to migration, natural disasters, hurricanes |
| JEL: | F22 O15 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cen:wpaper:17-50&r=env |
| By: | Helen Micheaux (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Franck Aggeri (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Le modèle économique dominant est une économie linéaire fondée sur la consommation de ressources non renouvelables et la mise en décharge des produits en fin de vie. Face aux impasses de ce modèle linéaire, un modèle alternatif a été proposé : l'économie circulaire, fondée sur un principe de bouclage des flux de matière et d'énergie. On observe depuis le milieu des années 2000, diverses expérimentations d'innovation de business models circulaires (BMC) visant à explorer le potentiel de création de valeur associé à ce modèle. Toutefois, ces initiatives restent relativement isolées. De ce fait, se pose la question du passage d'expérimentations locales à un système soutenable sur le plan économique et environnemental. Dans cette optique, cette communication analyse, au travers du concept de business model, les conditions de développement des BMC émergents dans la filière des équipements électriques et électroniques. Ainsi, nous identifions le déficit d'actions collectives qui constituent des freins à la capitalisation des expériences et à leur intégration dans des filières. Pour surmonter ces obstacles, nous mettons en évidence que la structuration d'actions collectives et l'intervention publique sont nécessaires, et proposons des pistes d'actions envisageables. |
| Keywords: | Business model circulaire,Innovation environnementale,DEEE |
| Date: | 2016–09–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01368036&r=env |
| By: | Laurent Guihéry (MRTE - Laboratoire de géographie Mobilités, Réseaux, Territoires, Environnements - Université de Cergy Pontoise) |
| Abstract: | City logistics projects and research on pooling logistics activities, especially in urban area, are nowadays on the agenda of land use planners and transport economist researchers. There is a general agreement on the relevancy, success and implementation of these strategies: acceptability of urban population is good, as (diesel motorized) trucks entering cities are considered as damaging the environment and generating strong nuisances on the neighbourhood. Local politicians and public policy designers have integrated these projects in new urban plans and future city modelling. Setting up an organization between shippers, transport companies, logisticians, supported by local authorities, needs a clear and rigorous analysis. Do we have to take into account the long term impact on innovation and possible distortion of competition and cartelization? |
| Keywords: | city-logistics, urban studies, spatial competition |
| Date: | 2016–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01476465&r=env |
| By: | Mamoon, Dawood; Ijaz, Kinza |
| Abstract: | In this paper we measure all the components of food security. The objective of the study is to measure the impact of Area under cultivation, Mechanical inputs, and Average Rainfall (mm per year) on food security index. Auto-regressive distributed lagged model (ARDL) is used in both models. In model 1 the data is from 1990-2014 and in model 2 the data is from 1973-2014. On the basis of our analysis we suggest that agricultural factors are significantly affecting the food production in case of Pakistan. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Food Security |
| JEL: | Q1 Q18 Q57 |
| Date: | 2017–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81346&r=env |
| By: | Helen Micheaux (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Franck Aggeri (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Le modèle économique dominant est une économie linéaire fondée sur la consommation de ressources non renouvelables et la mise en décharge des produits en fin de vie. Face aux impasses de ce modèle linéaire, un modèle alternatif a été proposé : l'économie circulaire, fondée sur un principe de bouclage des flux de matière et d'énergie. On observe depuis le milieu des années 2000, diverses expérimentations d'innovation de business models circulaires (BMC) visant à explorer le potentiel de création de valeur associé à ce modèle. Toutefois, ces initiatives restent relativement isolées. De ce fait, se pose la question du passage d'expérimentations locales à un système soutenable sur le plan économique et environnemental. Dans cette optique, cette communication analyse, au travers du concept de business model, les conditions de développement des BMC émergents dans la filière des équipements électriques et électroniques. Ainsi, nous identifions le déficit d'actions collectives qui constituent des freins à la capitalisation des expériences et à leur intégration dans des filières. Pour surmonter ces obstacles, nous mettons en évidence que la structuration d'actions collectives et l'intervention publique sont nécessaires, et proposons des pistes d'actions envisageables. |
| Keywords: | business model, innovation environnementale, économie circulaire, création de valeur |
| Date: | 2016–09–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01504049&r=env |
| By: | Mihai, Florin-Constantin; Taherzadeh, Mohammad |
| Abstract: | This chapter intends to draw attention to solid waste management sector toward rural areas where bad practices and public health threats could be avoided through traditional and integrated waste management routes. The expansion of waste collection services across rural municipalities should be a priority for many countries. Agricultural and municipal waste diversion from wild dumps and open burning practices must be avoided through smart solutions at the local level which are cost-efficient particularly in developing countries. The book further examines, on the one hand, the main challenges in the development of reliable waste management practices across rural regions and, on the other hand, the concrete solutions and the new opportunities across the world in dealing with rural solid waste. |
| Keywords: | waste management; sustainability; pollution; recycling; compostig; rural development; bionergy |
| JEL: | O18 P48 Q15 Q16 Q40 Q53 Q56 Q57 R00 R21 R51 R53 |
| Date: | 2017–09–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81234&r=env |
| By: | C Lamine (ECODEVELOPPEMENT - Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique); Gilles Maréchal (ESO - Espaces et Sociétés - UNICAEN - Université Caen Normandie - UM - Université du Maine - UA - Université d'Angers - UN - Université de Nantes - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - UR2 - Université de Rennes 2 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); M Darolt (Instituto Agronômico do Parana) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, four French and Brazilian case studies of transitions paths towards a greening of farming and food systems are compared. The methodology is a transitions approach, both systemic and pragmatic. The main guideline follws the emergence and evolution over time of past and current initiatives emerging from the public and private sectors, as well as in the civil society. The roles of civil society and public authorities, quite different in Brazil and France as drivers towards transition, are discussed. The quality of the linkiages kept along time by local players is key to understand the sustainability of the transition process. |
| Keywords: | Networks of actors,France,Brazil,Transition,Agri-food systems |
| Date: | 2017–08–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01579748&r=env |
| By: | Marc Lavergne (EMAM - IFPO - Institut français du proche-orient - MIN AFF ETRANG - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CITERES - Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés - Université François Rabelais - Tours - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | La promesse d'un retour à la paix sociale et à la prospérité, qui a fourni le prétexte à l'armée égyptienne pour reprendre le pouvoir en juillet 2013, n'a pas été tenue. Les maux de l'Egypte, qui avaient entraîné la chute de Hosni Moubarak, n'ont pas trouvé de solution : ils tiennent en effet à la nature même du système économique mis en place depuis la libéralisation ouverte par Anouar el Sadate dès les années 70. Léconomie égyptienne repose depuis lors sur des rentes extérieures qui ont permis une croissance de la consommation, réservée à une minorité, mais n'ont pas été utilisées pour bâtir une économie durable et équilibrée. Le salut de l'Egypte ne proviendra pas des aides financières extérieures, ni des grands projets mirifiques qui ont la faveur de ses dirigeants, mais d'un retour d'un gouvernement légitime et compétent, dévolu à la fourniture de services publics, à la stimulation d'une économie productive et à un aménagement équilibré du territoire. |
| Keywords: | Egypte,armée,Sissi,économie,crise,rentes,migration,tourisme,pétrole,environnement,canal de Suez,grands travaux |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01580845&r=env |
| By: | Geneviève Fontaine (ERUDITE - Equipe de Recherche sur l’Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Economique - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12) |
| Abstract: | En partant du constat que la question des conditions favorables à l’émergence des communs est présente dans les travaux d’Ostrom et que certains de ses écrits tardifs témoignent d’une prise en compte des enjeux du développement durable, nous dégageons des éléments opérationnels d’analyse de l’émergence de communs comme outils du développement durable. Pour ce faire, nous cherchons à caractériser les communs de capabilité en croisant l’approche de la justice sociale de Sen qui fonde sa conception du développement durable (Sen, 2013) et l’approche d’Ostrom sur les communs. Cet effort nous amène enrichir mutuellement ces deux approches pour définir cinq critères qui, en plus des trois critères additionnels définis par Ostrom, permettent de caractériser des communs de capabilité. A l’aide de ces critères, nous complétons notre grille des conditions favorables à l’émergence des communs issues directement ou indirectement du cadre ostromien pour les préciser dans le cas des communs de capabilité. L’application de cette grille d’analyse à la dynamique de coopération économique TETRIS sur le Pays de Grasse (France) nous permet de comprendre les éléments ayant joué favorablement dans l’émergence de leur commun foncier mais également de poser l’hypothèse que la construction de ce commun dans un écosystème rassemblant des conditions plutôt favorables, permet l’émergence d’un commun de capabilité imbriqué. |
| Keywords: | Communs, capabilités, émergence, développement durable, conditions favorables |
| Date: | 2016–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01539849&r=env |