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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Jeffery Connor (Policy and Economics Research Unit,CSIRO Land and Water); John Ward (Policy and Economics Research Unit,CSIRO Land and Water) |
| Abstract: | Proceedings of the Salinity Solutions Conference "Working with Science and Society" 2 – 5 August 2004, Bendigo, Victoria. |
| Keywords: | Australia;salinity;environmental management |
| JEL: | Q0 Q1 Q2 |
| Date: | 2004–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:csi:report:04_01&r=env |
| By: | Don Fullerton; Li Gan |
| Abstract: | This paper uses an estimated demand system that accounts for heterogeneity to calculate and compare the lost consumer surplus from a higher tax on gasoline, a tax on distance, or a subsidy for buying a newer car. We introduce a view of cost-effectiveness that compares policies instead of technologies. Each tax might induce some consumers to drive less, some to switch from two vehicles to one, and some to buy a car instead of an SUV. Our model captures these behaviors. For each rate of tax, we simulate the changes in all such choices and how the new choices affect emissions. We also calculate the equivalent variation and subtract tax revenue to get deadweight loss. Finally, we take the added deadweight loss over the additional abatement as the social marginal cost of abatement, and we plot this curve for several different tax policies. |
| JEL: | H2 Q5 |
| Date: | 2005–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11174&r=env |
| By: | Georg Muller-Furstenberger; Gunter Stephan |
| Abstract: | Obviously, there are different views on how successful the Kyoto process was in establishing interna-tional cooperation in greenhouse gas abatement. But independent of that, the question is urgent: What might happen after 2012? Will there be a new initiative for an internationally coordinated climate policy or does the world fall back into a regime of non-cooperative abatement policies? This paper analyses costs and benefits of three different post-Kyoto policy options: On the one hand there is PARETO which is the nickname for the pareto-efficient internationalization of the external effects of global cli-mate change through international trade in carbon rights on the one hand. And there is CAP as well as INTAG on the other. Both are unilateral climate policies. CAP denotes a scenario where regions aim for reducing domestic carbon emissions by a certain percentage annually. INTAG is a short cut for intensity targeting which is the US’ most preferred climate policy option. It refers to the same abate-ment policy, however by means of technological progress only |
| Keywords: | Climate policy; intensity targeting; R&D investments; Integrated Assessment |
| JEL: | O33 Q38 Q43 |
| Date: | 2005–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ube:dpvwib:dp0502&r=env |
| By: | Matteo Cervellati (Universitat Pompeu et Università di Bologna); Piergiuseppe Fortunato (EUREQua et Università di Bologna) |
| Abstract: | We study the long run relationship between natural resources abundance and wealth of countries producing diffetentiated products sold in the international market. When the price (terms of trade) of national products depend on the human capital used to produce them, natural resources may lead to inferior long run production. This is the case if natural resources are neither irrelevant nor focal for the production possibilities of the economy. |
| Keywords: | Natural resources; globalization; human capital |
| JEL: | O13 O42 F43 |
| Date: | 2004–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:wpsorb:v04068&r=env |
| By: | Florent Pratlong (ERASME et EUREQua); Denise Van Regemorter (CES - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven); Paul Zagamé (ERASME et EUREQua) |
| Abstract: | In respect to GHG emission reduction targets set in the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, a emission quotas trading system will be implemented among the Annex-1 participating countries to lower the mitigation costs of the international cooperation on climate change issue. Nonetheless, in the way the market was designed, the States of the Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe are likely to become large sellers of carbon as a result of the drop in emissions level due to economic downturn, referring to "Hot Air". Indeed, these countries may exert substantially a dominant position in the international permits market since the US had decided to withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol. This paper aims to develop a better understanding of the consequence of "Hot Air" in the international carbon emission trading, using some policy variants simulated with the computable general equilibrium GEM-E3 World model. The present analyse focuses particularly on the measures of "Hot Air" and the implications of potential market power in the emission trading market. Under various scenario options, the exercise of market power lead to a misallocation of abatement effort accross the remaining Annex-1 countries as a consequence of permits price and welfare effets. |
| Keywords: | Emission trading; market power; MECG |
| JEL: | D43 D58 Q48 |
| Date: | 2004–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:wpsorb:v04074&r=env |