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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | Xin Sun |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the public finance of Chinese local governments, with a particular focus on the effect of lockdown measures on startups during the pandemic. The outbreak has placed significant fiscal pressure on local governments, as containment measures have led to declines in revenue and increased expenses related to public health and social welfare. In tandem, startups have faced substantial challenges, including reduced funding and profitability, due to the negative impact of lockdown measures on entrepreneurship. Moreover, the pandemic has generated short- and long-term economic shocks, affecting both employment and economic recovery. To address these challenges, policymakers must balance health concerns with economic development. In this regard, the government should consider implementing more preferential policies that focus on startups to ensure their survival and growth. Such policies may include financial assistance, tax incentives, and regulatory flexibility to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. By and large, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on both the public finance of Chinese local governments and the startup ecosystem. Addressing the challenges faced by local governments and startups will require a comprehensive approach that balances health and economic considerations and includes targeted policies to support entrepreneurship and innovation. |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2308.07437&r=ent |
| By: | Adhikari, Tamanna (Central Bank of Ireland); McGeever, Niall (Central Bank of Ireland) |
| Abstract: | The trading performance of Irish small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has thus far proven resilient in the face of significant input cost inflation. Turnover levels increased in 2022, with firms passing on cost increases to customers. Higher prices and exceptionally strong consumer demand broadly allowed most firms to maintain or even increase their profit margins, though a fifth of the firms saw their margins fall. Simulation evidence suggests that profit margins would remain robust in 2023 under baseline projections. Nonetheless, our analysis shows that profit margins would be sensitive to a slump in consumer demand and persistently elevated costs. |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbi:fsnote:6/fs/23&r=ent |
| By: | Nong Zhu (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique); Xubei Luo (The World Bank) |
| Abstract: | In a digitalizing global economy, countries that successfully harness the potential of e-commerce are better placed to take advantage of the access to regional and international markets for sustainable growth, while those that fail to do so may risk falling behind. For the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, digitalization of business activities is key to connect producers with customers, support the integration of regional and global value chains (GVCs), and foster the dynamism of private sector to aid productive job creation and inclusive growth. This study aims to examine the relationships between participation in e-commerce and firm performance (measured by production, productivity, export and/or import, and innovation) in MENA, with case studies in Jordan, Morocco, and Egypt. The analyses are based on an original survey at firm-level, carried out by the Economic Research Forum (ERF) in 2022, and data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey. The main findings are as follows: (i) E-commerce participation is relatively low in the three case study countries compared with regional peers or countries with similar development levels. (ii) E-commerce participation varies widely across firms with different characteristics: large firms, young firms, firms in “information and communication” sector, and firms with more educated workers are more likely to participate in e-commerce. (iii) Production is positively associated with e-commerce participation. However, among the three countries, the positive association between e-commerce participation and productivity is significant only in Jordan where e-commerce is most developed. (iv) Participation in e-commerce is also positively associated with firms’ exports and/or imports and innovation activities. (v) Depending on the level of e-commerce development and the structural characteristics, the role of the difference in the attributes between e-firms and non-efirms and the difference in the returns to these attributes in firm performance may vary. (vi) Firms involved in e-commerce are performing better than other firms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, our study finds that e-commerce is positively associated with the viability of enterprises and their ability to maintain the level of sales. |
| Date: | 2023–04–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1637&r=ent |
| By: | OCDE; Commission européenne |
| Abstract: | Le présent document d’orientation intitulé « Améliorer les programmes de formation à l’entrepreneuriat inclusif et social » a été produit par l’OCDE et la Commission européenne. Il traite de l’importance des programmes de formation et présente une vue d’ensemble des types de programmes de formation disponibles. Il analyse également les possibilités pour les pouvoirs publics de renforcer ces programmes de formation et fournit des conseils sur la manière de concevoir des programmes de formation à l’entrepreneuriat inclusif et social plus efficaces. |
| JEL: | L26 M13 L31 |
| Date: | 2023–08–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:cfeaaa:2023/05-fr&r=ent |