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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | Natee Amornsiripanitch; Paul Gompers; George Hu; Kaushik Vasudevan |
| Abstract: | We study immigrant founders of venture-capital backed firms using a new and detailed data set that we assemble on the backgrounds of founders. Immigrant founders have been critical to the entrepreneurial ecosystem, accounting for roughly 20% of all venture capital-backed founders over the past 30 years. We document the channels through which immigrant founders arrive in the United States and how those channels have changed over time. Higher education has served as the primary entry channel for immigrant founders. The share of foreign-educated immigrant founders who initially arrive for work has decreased over time, while the share of immigrant founders with undergraduate education in the United States has increased over time. Immigrant founders are likely to start their companies in the state in which they were educated, leading to potentially large local economic benefits associated with attracting foreign students. The results of this paper have important policy implications for the supply of entrepreneurial talent and efforts to promote entrepreneurial ecosystems. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship; venture capital; immigration; education |
| JEL: | G24 J0 J15 J24 L26 L23 |
| Date: | 2022–08–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:94591&r=ent |
| By: | MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki; ZHAO Qiuhan |
| Abstract: | This study contributes to the empirical analysis of specific distances in knowledge spillover effects. We propose a geographical distance-based approach to precisely measure the proximity of knowledge spillover from a university's research activities to high-tech startups in surrounding regions. Most current research measuring knowledge spillover typically use states and cities as the statistical caliber, making it difficult to capture the exact extent of knowledge spillover within cities. In this study, we constructed panel data for Japan for 1998-2018 by dividing the research area into 1*1 km2 meshes and geocoding firms (high-tech startups and firms without patents), university patents, and paper data, and subsequently using each mesh as the basic unit. Additionally, variables containing geographical proximity information were calculated by constructing multiple buffers for each mesh. Our findings show that i) the spillover effects of university research attenuate with distance - rapidly within a 2 km range, and slowly thereafter; and ii) patents are more private and localized than papers. The knowledge spillover effect of university patents attenuates more rapidly with distance. |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:23027&r=ent |
| By: | Nurlyaiym Zhaksybayeva |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asx:nugsbd:2023-20&r=ent |
| By: | Shumaila Yousafzai; Nurlykhan Aljanova; Wojdan Omran |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asx:nugsbd:2023-19&r=ent |
| By: | Klaus Friesenbichler; Agnes Kügler; Julia Schieber-Knöbl (Statistics Austria) |
| Abstract: | We examine the role of intangible capital as a production factor using Austrian firm-level register data. Descriptive statistics show that intangible investment has increased over time. The intensive and extensive margins of firms' investments are highly skewed. They differ across sectors. A series of sample splits show that the components of intangible capital play different roles as inputs in the production function. Software and especially licenses are important for SMEs and exporters. Research and development play an important role in production in all specifications. For firms that continuously invest in intangible capital, all components of intangible capital gain importance in the production functions. These patterns differ from those found in previous studies and have implications for the strategic orientation of industrial and innovation policy. |
| Keywords: | Intangible capital, R&D, Firm level productivity, Investment, Production function, Austria |
| Date: | 2023–05–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wfo:wpaper:y:2023:i:660&r=ent |
| By: | Maczulskij, Terhi; Viinikainen, Jutta |
| Abstract: | Abstract Personality is related to labor market success, and entrepreneurship differs from paid employment in several ways. In this research, we examine the relationship between six personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, sociability, hostility, self-confidence, and conscientiousness) and outcomes associated with two different phases of the entrepreneurial process: selection into entrepreneurship and subsequent entrepreneurial success. We utilize register panel data on employment characteristics over a 20-year period. Our results show that self-confidence is associated with entry into entrepreneurship, and this trait is also associated with entrepreneurial success in terms of higher survival probability and 6–20 percent higher entrepreneurial income and the firm’s labor productivity. Self-confidence may not be stable and can change. Therefore, providing support that enhances people’s self-confidence may promote both entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial performance in society. See also Self-confidence Predicts Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Success. |
| Keywords: | Personality, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial success |
| JEL: | L26 |
| Date: | 2023–05–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:briefs:122&r=ent |