nep-ent New Economics Papers
on Entrepreneurship
Issue of 2023‒02‒13
five papers chosen by
Marcus Dejardin
Université de Namur

  1. What’s Driving the Decline in Entrepreneurship? By Nicholas Kozeniauskas
  2. Managerial input and firm performance. Evidence from a policy experiment By Manaresi, Francesco; Palma, Alessandro; Salvatici, Luca; Scrutinio, Vincenzo
  3. Does highspeed internet boost exporting? By Lynda Sanderson; Garrick Wright-McNaughton; Naomitsu Yashiro
  4. The Influence of Entrepreneurship Education (EE) Policy on Women's Entrepreneurial Activity in Kazakhstan By Shumaila Yousafzai
  5. Construire et transmettre de la légitimité. Le cas de deux programmes d'accompagnement de l'économie sociale et solidaire By Amandine Maus

  1. By: Nicholas Kozeniauskas
    Abstract: Why has there been a steady decline in entrepreneurship in the US in recent decades? To answer this question, I develop a general equilibrium occupation choice model and combine it with data on these choices. Skill-biased technical change can account for much of the decline in the relative entrepreneurship rate of more educated people, but cannot explain the decline in the aggregate level of entrepreneurship. The major factors in the decline in the share of people who are entrepreneurs, the firm entry rate, and the size of the entrepreneur sector are rising entry costs and outsized productivity gains by large non-entrepreneur firms.
    JEL: E23 E24 J24 J31
    Date: 2022
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ptu:wpaper:w202217&r=ent
  2. By: Manaresi, Francesco; Palma, Alessandro; Salvatici, Luca; Scrutinio, Vincenzo
    Abstract: We study the effects of a subsidy program designed to boost small and medium enterprises' export capabilities through a Temporary Export Manager (TEM), hired for at least 6 months to provide consulting on how to reach foreign markets. Firms applied online for the subsidy and vouchers to hire TEMs were allocated on a first-come, first-served basis. We use a difference-in-differences design to compare the performances of firms that nearly got the subsidy with those that barely did not. Eligible firms experienced a large increase in revenues, return on equity, profits and value added per employee, accompanied by a significant growth in export in extra-EU markets four years after receiving the subsidy. The gains were larger for the least productive and smaller firms and effects were heterogeneous across TEM providers. TEMs were also effective in stimulating 'good' labor demand: besides intensifying exports, firms increased their workforce by nearly 13%, mainly in full-time and permanent employees. Results of a survey conducted on TEM providers confirm our econometric results and revealed that the benefits of voucher extended beyond the initial subsidized service.
    Keywords: SMEs; export subsidy; labor demand; natural experiment; click-day
    JEL: L20 O40 F14 H20 F20
    Date: 2022–10–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:117989&r=ent
  3. By: Lynda Sanderson (Productivity Commission); Garrick Wright-McNaughton (FNZ Group); Naomitsu Yashiro (International Monetary Fund)
    Abstract: This paper examines the links between uptake of high-speed internet and entry into exporting among New Zealand firms. The analysis draws on rich, longitudinal information about firms' use of ICT captured in Stats NZ's Business Operations Survey to both identify firms which shifted to UFB and infer differences across firms in their capability to exploit the faster internet connections. It shows that firms that shifted to fibre broadband in the early years of New Zealand's Ultra-Fast Broadband rollout were subsequently more likely than otherwise similar firms to start exporting, and that the strength of this relationship depends upon both the industry in which firms operate and their pre-existing use of the internet for core business activities. To explore the causality lying behind this relationship, the paper makes use of a policy choice to prioritise schools in the rollout of the new fibre broadband infrastructure as an instrument for early uptake. While the results are consistent with a positive effect of UFB uptake on export entry, the instruments are not strong enough to draw firm conclusions on causality.
    Keywords: high-speed internet, UFB, export propensity, digital capability
    JEL: F14 O33 H54
    Date: 2022–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ayz:wpaper:22_02&r=ent
  4. By: Shumaila Yousafzai
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asx:nugsbd:2023-17&r=ent
  5. By: Amandine Maus (AMU - Aix Marseille Université, CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon)
    Abstract: Dans une société qui prône l'entrepreneuriat comme un choix de carrière envisageable et valorisé, les incubateurs, structures d'accompagnement entrepreneurial, constituent un enjeu politique et financier majeur pour les États. Ces organisations sont cependant critiquées, particulièrement en France, pour leur nombre trop important ou leur supposée faible efficacité. La question de la légitimité des incubateurs se pose alors, notamment pour déterminer lesquels sont les plus pertinents pour accompagner les entrepreneurs et pour percevoir des fonds publics et privés. Dans ce contexte, cette communication porte sur ce sujet de la légitimité dans le contexte de l'accompagnement entrepreneurial. Nous mobilisons les travaux qui portent sur les mécanismes de légitimation des organisations pour étudier les incubateurs et leurs processus de construction de légitimité. Pour appréhender ces processus, une étude de cas unique et longitudinale est en cours de réalisation depuis février 2021. Le cas étudié est un incubateur français spécialiste de l'accompagnement de projets entrepreneuriaux issus de l'Economie Sociale et Solidaire. La construction de la légitimité de deux programmes d'accompagnement qui se sont succédé y est étudiée. Les données qui permettent d'étudier le premier programme ont été collectées a posteriori, quand les données focalisées sur le second programme sont collectées en temps réel. Les premiers résultats de cette recherche soulignent la présence de mécanismes de légitimation qui s'échelonnent dans le temps en fonction de leur nature, ainsi que des phases d'abandon du développement de la légitimité au profit d'un recentrage sur les acquis du programme. Les mécanismes de légitimation identitaires, associatifs et organisationnels évoqués par la littérature sont mobilisés par la structure d'accompagnement pour construire la légitimité de ses programmes. Notre contribution est alors de mettre en avant l'articulation et la temporalité de ces mécanismes, de même des phases d'absence de mobilisation de ces mécanismes, remplacés par le maintien ou la transmission de légitimité.
    Keywords: accélérateur d’entreprises, légitimité, programme d’accompagnement, accélérateur d'entreprises légitimité programme d'accompagnement, accélérateur d'entreprises, programme d'accompagnement
    Date: 2022–11–26
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03864847&r=ent

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