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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | Smith, Harry; Bennett, Robert J.; van Lieshout, Carry; Montebruno, Piero |
| Abstract: | This article uses the British Business Census of Entrepreneurs (BBCE) to examine the relationship between the household and entrepreneurship in England and Wales between 1851 and 1911. The BBCE allows three kinds of entrepreneurial households to be identified: those where an entrepreneur employs co-resident family members in their business, those where two or more household members are partners in the same firm, and households with two or more entrepreneurs resident who are running different firms. The article traces the number of these different households across the period and examines their sector and gender breakdowns as well as their geographical distribution. The article demonstrates that these different kinds of entrepreneurial households served different purposes; co-resident family businesses were used in marginal areas where other sources of labour and capital were scarce and the incidence of such firms decreased over this period. In contrast, household partnerships and co-entrepreneurial households were used to share risk or diversify; they were found throughout England and Wales at similar levels during this period. |
| Keywords: | census; economic history; England and Wales; entrepreneurship; household; ES/M010953; RG66385 |
| JEL: | R14 J01 N0 |
| Date: | 2020–08–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:106262&r= |
| By: | Pierre Vialle (MMS - Département Management, Marketing et Stratégie - TEM - Télécom Ecole de Management - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IMT-BS - Institut Mines-Télécom Business School - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], LITEM - Laboratoire en Innovation, Technologies, Economie et Management (EA 7363) - UEVE - Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne - Université Paris-Saclay - IMT-BS - Institut Mines-Télécom Business School - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Jason Whalley (University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom]); Shengxing Yang (Université Paris-Saclay) |
| Abstract: | To analyse the internationalisation process of a mobile operator and highlight the specificities of this particular industry. Design/methodology/approach - Longitudinal single case study based on document research. Findings - The internationalisation process differs from the main model (Uppsala model). It is necessitates the ability to seize opportunities as they arise. Seizing such opportunities leads directly to an initial strong commitment without going through a process of gradual commitment. The role of regulation is also outlined. Originality/Value - While studies on the internationalisation of (mobile) operators have been, the process of internationalisation has not been conceptualised in comparison with the main model. |
| Keywords: | Innovation,Italy,Internationalisation,Entry,Disruption,Mobile Telecommunications |
| Date: | 2021–12–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03549645&r= |
| By: | Yu Zhao; Shaopeng Wei; Yu Guo; Qing Yang; Gang Kou |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we propose to model enterprise bankruptcy risk by fusing its intra-risk and spillover-risk. Under this framework, we propose a novel method that is equipped with an LSTM-based intra-risk encoder and GNNs-based spillover-risk encoder. Specifically, the intra-risk encoder is able to capture enterprise intra-risk using the statistic correlated indicators from the basic business information and litigation information. The spillover-risk encoder consists of hypergraph neural networks and heterogeneous graph neural networks, which aim to model spillover risk through two aspects, i.e. hyperedge and multiplex heterogeneous relations among enterprise knowledge graph, respectively. To evaluate the proposed model, we collect multi-sources SMEs data and build a new dataset SMEsD, on which the experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method. The dataset is expected to become a significant benchmark dataset for SMEs bankruptcy prediction and promote the development of financial risk study further. |
| Date: | 2022–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2202.03874&r= |
| By: | naryono, endang (STIE PASIM SUKABUMI) |
| Abstract: | Poverty is a very complex problem to solve and find a solution, this is because poverty is highly correlated with various cross-sectors with one another that is interconnected so that breaking the poverty rate requires a strategy that is concrete, valid and of course sustainable. The purpose of this paper is to make a policy design in an effort to alleviate poverty in developing countries or poor countries that have low per capita income. The main problem in developing countries is that they do not have sufficient budgets to develop their countries so that in general the budget deficit is covered through foreign debt, then it is still dependent on investment from foreign investors in driving the economy, especially in the manufacturing, industry and infrastructure sectors because the state has not been able to afford it. to build it themselves due to the lack of budget, the low quality of human resources, this is due to the low level of education so that they do not have the competitiveness in competing in getting jobs, so that people who do not have competitiveness are finally excluded and fall into poverty. Policies in developing countries are generally still at the macro-economic level, not at the micro-economic level in poverty alleviation so that the poverty rate, although there is a decline, is still very small compared to the ratio of poverty growth to population. One solution to overcome this poverty problem is to build an entrepreneurial spirit because entrepreneurship will have high economic value and have a very large multiplayer for economic growth. |
| Date: | 2021–11–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:736dv&r= |
| By: | Pierre-Jean Benghozi (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, i3-CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion i3 - X - École polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Nouveaux acteurs, nouveaux services, nouveaux modes de consommation, nouvelles formes de créativité: l'importance de l'innovation et de l'entrepreneuriat a redoublé et l'attention qu'y portent les sciences de gestion tout autant . La figure grandissante de l'entrepreneur culturel fait directement écho à cette montée en puissance de la figure de l'entrepreneur en général dans la société, portée par la vague des start-up associées aux nouvelles technologies. Pour autant, la question dépasse le simple effet de mode associé au poids grandissant du numérique. En matière d'art, les porteurs de projets ont existé de tous temps et l'attention qu'on porte à l'entrepreneuriat artistique et culturel en tant que tel s'est manifestée dès les années 80 en France, dans la foulée de l'impulsion financière donnée à l'époque par le ministère de la culture. Cette importance grandissante de l'entrepreneuriat tient-elle donc d'un engouement pour un phénomène préexistant sur lequel on met désormais un terme nouveau, ou d'un phénomène inédit que les chercheurs étudient et que l'Etat cherche à accompagner? |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03503874&r= |