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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | F Baum, Christopher (Boston College, DIW Berlin & Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies); Lööf, Hans (Royal Institute of Technology & Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies); Stephan, Andreas (Jönköping University, DIW Berlin & Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies); Viklund-Ros, Ingrid (Royal Institute of Technology & Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the impact of knowledge spillovers on innovation in newly founded firms. Analyzing patent statistics for 12 cohorts of about 7,600 Swedish startups, we apply a recursive bivariate probit model to identify a causal impact from board members of existing innovators on potential new innovators. The results show that new entrants with members of the board linked to innovative firms are more likely to apply for patents than other young entrepreneurial firms. The spillover effect is even stronger when we substitute trademarks for patents as an innovation indicator. |
| Keywords: | start-ups; board of directors; knowledge diffusion; innovation; endogeneity |
| JEL: | C36 D24 L21 M13 O33 |
| Date: | 2019–11–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0483&r=all |
| By: | Guzman, Jorge; Kacperczyk, Aleksandra |
| Abstract: | Using data on the entire population of businesses registered in the states of California and Massachusetts between 1995 and 2011, we decompose the well-established gender gap in entrepreneurship. We show that female-led ventures are 63 percentage points less likely than male-led ventures to obtain external funding (i.e., venture capital). The most significant portion of the gap (65 percent) stems from gender differences in initial startup orientation, with women being less likely to found ventures that signal growth potential to external investors. However, the residual gap is as much as 35 percent and much of this disparity likely reflects investors’ gendered preferences. Consistent with theories of statistical discrimination, the residual gap diminishes significantly when stronger signals of growth are available to investors for comparable female- and male-led ventures or when focal investors appear to be more sophisticated. Finally, conditional on the reception of external funds (i.e., venture capital), women and men are equally likely to achieve exit outcomes, through IPOs or acquisitions. |
| Date: | 2018–11–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:z5he2&r=all |
| By: | NAKAMURA Hiroki; HONJO Yuji; IKEUCHI Kenta |
| Abstract: | Certain individuals with experience in entrepreneurial activity tend to become angel investors as they understand the challenges encountered by founders in obtaining the funding needed to launch a business. The purpose of this study is to provide a clearer picture of the characteristics and linkages not only between actual entrepreneurs and angel investors, but also among actual and potential entrepreneurs and angel investors in Japan. This paper is based on the results of an internet survey of Japan conducted by RIETI which examined whether individuals have experience in starting a business and angel investing, as well as whether they are interested in starting a business or angel investing. The individuals are categorized into types of entrepreneurs and angel investors. According to the analysis, the number of entrepreneurs and angel investors is quite small across Japan, however we have established that there is a positive relationship in particular regions of Japan between potential entrepreneurs, angel investors, and potential angel investors. These findings can help vitalize entrepreneurial ecosystems where entrepreneurs are linked with angel investors. |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:19089&r=all |
| By: | Kiyotaka Maeda (Department of Japanese History, Faculty of Letters, Keio University) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates how small corporations in rural areas arranged funds and reassesses the role of market-based financing for Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises from the 1880s through the 1910s. Whereas previous studies have focused on the financing of large corporations in urban areas, this paper argues that corporations of various sizes, including small ones in rural areas, arranged their funds from the stock market during Japan's industrialisation. By applying this style of financial arrangement, these corporations expanded their production scales, accelerating the local formation of specialised producing regions and boosting the regional economy. |
| Keywords: | market-based financing, industrialisation, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), over-the-counter market, salt industry |
| JEL: | N15 N25 N85 |
| Date: | 2019–10–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:keo:dpaper:2019-019&r=all |
| By: | Xu, Wenjian |
| Abstract: | This paper probes the drivers and constraints that affect an unemployed individual's decision to start a business. Using linear probability model and survival analysis, we find that unemployment benefits have a significantly negative effect on switching from unemployment to self-employment and a positive effect on the duration before the switch, especially on the unincorporated self-employment. Moreover, unemployed individuals are less likely to start a business after being laid off, if their spouse does not have a job or most people expect the unemployment rate to go down in the coming 12 months. |
| Date: | 2018–01–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:5dahz&r=all |
| By: | Anmol Bhandari; Serdar Birinci; Ellen McGrattan; Kurt See |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the reliability of survey data on business incomes, valuations, and rates of return, which are key inputs for studies of wealth inequality and entrepreneurial choice. We compare survey responses of business owners with available data from administrative tax records, brokered private business sales, and publicly traded company filings and document problems due to nonrepresentative samples and measurement errors across all surveys, subsamples, and years. We find that the discrepancies are economically relevant for the statistics of interest. We investigate reasons for these discrepancies and propose corrections for future survey designs. |
| Keywords: | Business fluctuations and cycles; Firm dynamics |
| JEL: | C83 E22 H25 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bca:bocawp:19-45&r=all |
| By: | Kaki, Rodrigue S.; Mignouna, Djana B.; Aoudji, Augustin K.N.; Adeoti, Razack |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295743&r=all |
| By: | Siahaan, Andysah Putera Utama (Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi); Nasution, Muhammad Dharma Tuah Putra |
| Abstract: | This study discusses the prediction model of entrepreneurship intent for alumni. The data is obtained from the database of an online job market, alumni tracer and survey results to the alumni. This research applies the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to get a prediction model that shows the intention of entrepreneurship. Some essential indicators include Self-efficacy, Need for Achievement, Advisory Quotient, Locus of Control and Passion. The predictive model found that the best predictor was Self-efficacy which contributed to influence the entrepreneurship intention with a value of 79.7 percent. The authors recommend to educational institutions to foster candidate interest through curriculum improvement, field practice or learning models in and out of the classroom. |
| Date: | 2018–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:inarxi:mznhb&r=all |
| By: | Houedjofonon, Elysee Mahulonou; Adeoti, Razack; Adjovi, Rene Nestor Ahoyo; Mignouna, Djana; Tahirou, Abdoulaye |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295674&r=all |
| By: | Kurniawan, Putu Sukma (Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha) |
| Abstract: | Sustainability reporting becomes a new paradigm in corporate reporting. This article discusses the implementation of sustainability reporting model on village-owned enterprise (VOE) and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), especially in Indonesia. This research design is a qualitative descriptive study and literature research. This research was conducted at the village-owned enterprise and some small and medium enterprise in Tajun village, Buleleng, Bali. The process of this research divided into initial research, data collection, create the sustainability reporting model, and the implementation of the sustainability reporting model. The methods of collected data are semi-structured interview, observation, and document analysis. Sustainability reporting model in village-owned enterprise and small and medium enterprises based on GRI G4 standard. There are five stages on sustainability reporting model for VOE and SMEs. The five stages are prepare stage, connect stage, define stage, monitoring stage, and reporting stage. Sustainability reporting on VOE and SMEs increases transparency towards stakeholders and improves the optimization of business process. This result indicated that VOE and SMEs can more contribute than other related business in sustainability context. Keywords: sustainability reporting, sustainability reporting model, village-owned enterprise, small and medium enterprises |
| Date: | 2018–04–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:inarxi:6p8uv&r=all |