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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | Naudé W.; Siegel M.; Marchand K. (UNU-MERIT) |
| Abstract: | We provide an assessment of the state of scholarly and policy debates on migrant entrepreneurs in development. They are often described as super-entrepreneurs who contribute to development through i being more entrepreneurial than natives; ii providing remittances that fund start-ups in their countries of origin and iii returning entrepreneurial skills to their home countries when they re-migrate. We evaluate these three views and conclude that the empirical evidence to support the notion of the migrant as a super-entrepreneur is weak. We further argue that the evidence is less ambiguous on the general development contribution of migration over and above its contribution through entrepreneurship. The implication is that removal of discriminatory barriers against migrants and against migrant entrepreneurs in labour, consumer and financial markets will promote development in both sending and receiving countries, not least through reducing the shares of migrants that are reluctant entrepreneurs. |
| Keywords: | International Migration; Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies: General; Entrepreneurship; Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration; |
| JEL: | J60 L26 O15 F22 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2015033&r=all |
| By: | Jehiel, Philippe |
| Abstract: | Prospective investors of new projects consider the returns of implemented projects with similar (observed) attributes and invest if the empirical mean return exceeds the cost. The steady states of such economies result in suboptimal investment decisions due to the selection bias in the sampling procedure. Assuming higher attributes are associated with higher returns, there is systematic overinvestment as compared with the Bayesian benchmark, thereby illustrating that selection bias may explain entrepreneurial overconfidence. Various extensions are considered to illustrate the negative externality that rational investors exert on other investors, the effect of correlation between the attributes considered by various investors, and how trading may be affected by the sampling procedure. |
| Keywords: | investment strategy; overconfidence; selection bias |
| JEL: | C70 D82 D83 D84 |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10868&r=all |
| By: | Kaitlyn Harger (Florida Gulf Coast University); Brad R. Humphreys (West Virginia University, Department of Economics); Amanda Ross (West Virginia University, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | We examine the impact of new sports facilities on new businesses, an unexplored topic in the literature. We use data from the Dunn and Bradstreet MarketPlace files to examine how new sports facilities affect nearby business activity in terms of the number of new businesses and workers. We find no evidence of increased new businesses openings after the opening of new sports facilities in 13 US cities in the 2000s; employment at new businesses near new facilities is larger than at new businesses elsewhere in the MSA; this increase cannot be linked to businesses in any specific industry. |
| Keywords: | new sports facility, difference-in-differences model, firm level data |
| JEL: | R13 R58 H71 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wvu:wpaper:15-32&r=all |
| By: | Zuzana Brixiová (SALDRU, University of Cape Town and IZA); Thierry Kangoye (African Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes to closing a knowledge gap on gender, entrepreneurship and development by linking the entrepreneurial productivity to start-up capital and skills. The empirical analysis of a survey of entrepreneurs in Swaziland confirmed the importance of start-up capital for sales. Women entrepreneurs have smaller start-up capital and are less likely to fund it from the formal sector than their men counterparts, pointing to a possible room for policy interventions. Further, business training is positively associated with sales performance of men entrepreneurs, but has no effect on women. However, this does not call for abolishing training programs for women entrepreneurs. Instead their design and targeting should be revisited. |
| Keywords: | Gender and entrepreneurship, start-up capital, skills, training, multivariate analysis |
| JEL: | L53 O12 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ldr:wpaper:155&r=all |
| By: | Tilekeyev, Kanat |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the results of a study of the micro-, small and medium enterprise (MSME) sector in Tajikistan, with a focus on its role in the economic growth of the country. Tajikistan has experienced a significant improvement in economic performance during the last decade. This growth is evident in sectors in which MSMEs operate, suggesting the need to better understand the sector and its role in national economic growth. The paper describes the results of a survey of 325 randomly selected, cluster-based enterprises in three key economic sectors in urban and rural areas across Tajikistan: retail trade and services, transportation and agriculture. The dataset provides detailed information on the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs, as well as specific factors influencing the growth of MSMEs, including labour, capital, information and barriers to growth. Analysis of the determinants of making investments, as well as the success of investment decisions of urban entrepreneurs, provides insight into the necessity of developing education opportunities on business and financial planning for MSME owners. Conclusions are presented to help guide policy and programmes that impact the MSME sector and the broader environment in which it functions. |
| Keywords: | Micro-, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), Tajikistan, Business Development, Urban Business Development, Rural Business Development, Economic Growth, Business Environment |
| JEL: | D22 L21 L26 L53 M21 Q13 |
| Date: | 2014–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:66719&r=all |
| By: | Icks, Annette; Levering, Britta; May-Strobl, Eva; Ettl, Kerstin |
| Abstract: | Gründungen werden häufig als Triebfeder für die Wirtschaftsentwicklung und das Beschäftigungswachstum beschrieben. Gründungen zu fördern, ist eine wirtschaftspolitische Daueraufgabe. Die Gründungszahlen in Deutschland sind jedoch rückläufig oder stagnieren. Folglich stellt sich die Frage nach einer veränderten Gründungsförderung: Welche Ansatzpunkte lassen sich in der neueren Gründungsforschung finden? Die Prüfung von acht Top-Journals der Entrepreneurship-Forschung ergab, dass die Gründerperson und Finanzierungsfragen derzeit von großem Forschungsinteresse sind. Ein Abgleich der Forschungsthemen mit den aktuellen Herausforderungen der Gründungsförderung zeigt große Übereinstimmungen. Die Wirtschaftspolitik kann von der Forschung dann profitieren, wenn sie bei der Formulierung von Unterstützungsmaßnahmen nicht nur einzelne Faktoren berücksichtigt, die Gründungen beeinflussen, sondern vor allem deren kausale Zusammenhänge. |
| Abstract: | Start-ups are often described as the driving force for economic development and employment growth. However, the start-up numbers in Germany are declining or stagnating. Therefore the question arises, whether the start-up support should be revised. The study examines to what extent policy suggestions can be deducted from start-up-related research. These issues have been identified in recent editions from eight top journals of entrepreneurship research and categorized into priorities. The analysis indicated that the founder person as well as financing questions continue to be of considerable research interest. A comparison of research topics with the current challenges of start-up support shows great correspondences. Economic policy can benefit from research, if they consider not only isolated factors, which influence start ups, but although the causal relationships of them. |
| Keywords: | Gründung,Deutschland,wirtschaftspolitische Implikationen,start-up,Germany,policy implications |
| JEL: | L25 L26 M13 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifmmat:237&r=all |