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on Entrepreneurship |
| By: | Svein Olav Nås (Norwegian Institute for Studies in Research and Education - Centre for Innovation Research) |
| Abstract: | The analysis addresses path dependency by studying development in industrial structure in Norway over time, and relates types of changes in firms to innovation activities in the firms as identified by the Norwegian innovation survey. A typology of changes is developed on the basis of matched employer-employee data allowing differentiating between events like entry and exit, take overs and spin-outs. Results show that despite a large degree of underlying turbulence the underlying industrial structure remains relatively stable over time - although with the well known reduction in primary industries and growth in service industries. Changes are more pronounced in terms of employment than in terms of value added which show a stable or increasing trend in virtually all industries. Combining with innovation data reveals that types of changes in firms vary with innovation modes. In particular, strategic innovators are found less frequently among unchanged organisations than is the case for other types of innovators. On the other hand a higher share of subsequent transformed establishments is found among strategic innovators. |
| Date: | 2007–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tik:inowpp:20070611&r=ent |
| By: | R. Jason Faberman |
| Abstract: | This paper presents new evidence on the relationship between a metropolitan area’s employment growth and its establishment age distribution. The author finds that cities with a relatively younger distribution of establishments tend to have higher growth, as well as higher job and establishment turnover. Geographic variations in the age distribution account for 38 percent of the geographic differences in growth, compared to the 32 percent accounted for by variations in industry composition. Differences are disproportionately accounted for by entrants and young (5 years or younger) establishments. Furthermore, the relationship between age and growth is robust to controls for urban diversity and education. Overall, the results support a microfoundations view of urban growth, where the benefits of agglomeration affect firms not through some production externality but through a process that determines which firms enter, exit, and thrive at a given location. |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:07-17:x:1&r=ent |
| By: | Kyoji Fukao; Young Gak Kim; Hyeog Ug Kwon |
| Abstract: | This study analyzes the cause of the slowdown in Japan’s TFP growth during the 1990s. Many preceding studies, examining the issue at the macro- or industry-level, have found that the slowdown was primarily due to the stagnation in TFP growth in the manufacturing sector. Using establishment level panel data covering the entire sector, we investigate the causes of the TFP slowdown and find that the reallocation of resources from less efficient to more efficient firms was very slow and limited. This “low metabolism” seems to be an important reason for the slowdown in Japan’s TFP growth. |
| JEL: | O4 O53 |
| Date: | 2006–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:hitcei:2006-17&r=ent |