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on Energy Economics |
| By: | Arunanondchai, Panit; Sukcharoen, Kunlapath; Leatham, David J. |
| Abstract: | The emergence of energy exchange-traded funds (ETFs) has provided an alternative vehicle for both energy producers and users to hedge their respective exposures to unfavorable energy price movements without opening a relative expensive futures account. While hedging with energy ETFs has been touted as a promising alternative to hedging with traditional energy futures, the question concerning the hedging effectiveness of energy ETFs versus energy futures, especially in terms of their ability to manage downside risk, remains largely unexplored. Accordingly, this study formally compares the hedging effectiveness of the two instruments in a downside risk framework from the perspective of both short and long hedgers. Two estimation methods are applied to estimate the minimum-Value at Risk (VaR) and minimum-Expected Shortfall (ES) hedge ratios: the empirical distribution function method and the kernel copula method. The empirical application focuses on four different energy commodities: crude oil, gasoline, heating oil, and natural gas. |
| Keywords: | Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2018–02–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea18:266564&r=ene |
| By: | Frondel, Manuel; Kussel, Gerhard |
| Abstract: | Empirical evidence on households' awareness of electricity prices and potentially divergent demand responses to price changes conditional on price knowledge is scant. Using panel data originating from Germany's Residential Energy Consumption Survey (GRECS), we fill this void by employing an instrumental-variable (IV) approach to cope with the endogeneity of the consumers' tariff choice. By additionally exploiting information on the households' knowledge about power prices, we combine the IV approach with an Endogenous Switching Regression Model to estimate price elasticities for two groups of households, finding that only those households that are informed about prices are sensitive to price changes, whereas the electricity demand of uninformed households is entirely price-inelastic. Based on these results, to curb the electricity consumption of the household sector and its environmental impact, we suggest implementing low-cost information measures on a large scale, such as improving the transparency of tariffs, thereby increasing the saliency of prices. |
| Keywords: | price elasticity,switching regression model,information |
| JEL: | Q41 D12 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:763&r=ene |
| By: | ?rem D?D?NMEZ (Hacettepe University); Do?u SEVER (DG Denetim Danismanlik YMM A.S.) |
| Abstract: | Climate change and environmental pollution are important problems need to be tackled all around the world. These problems make countries to create new implementations to reduce environmental pollution and to figure out climate change issue. Taxation is one of the most common tools of these implementations. Especially beginning from the 1990s, the carbon tax has been come into prominence in practice to abolish environmental problems and to ensure sustainability in this regard. Carbon tax was introduced firstly in Finland and it is in practice in many countries all around the world. In Turkey, there is no taxation called carbon tax but practices have been conducting tax regulations to reduce emission. In this study, carbon tax which might take place among tax regulation in Turkey is evaluated. As a result, it has been detected that carbon tax can be one of the most important political tools to solve environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions reduction even it has pros and cons. |
| Keywords: | carbon tax, greenhouse gas emmision, Turkey |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:6409074&r=ene |
| By: | Torell, Gregory L.; Stevens, Reid |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Demand and Price Analysis |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259946&r=ene |
| By: | Elena Verdolini (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), Milan); Francesco Vona (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques); David Popp (Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs) |
| Abstract: | The diffusion of renewable energy in the power system implies high supply variability. Lacking economically viable storage options, renewable energy integration is possible thanks to the presence of modern mid-merit fossil-based technologies, which act as back-up capacity. This paper discusses the role of modern fossil-based power generation technologies in supporting renewable energy investments. We study the deployment of these two technologies conditional on all other drivers in 26 OECD countries between 1990 and 2013. We show that moving from the first to the third quartile of the distribution of modern fossil technologies is associated with an increase in yearly renewable energy investment of between 6 and 14 kW per thousand people, on average and ceteris paribus. This is a sizeable effect, considering that average yearly renewable capacity addition in our sample are around 12 kW per thousand people. These findings are robust to different econometric specifications, various definitions of modern fossil technologies and are stronger for wind, which is more intermittent and for which the mismatch between supply and demand is more marked. Our analysis points to the substantial indirect costs of renewable energy integration and highlights the complementarity of investments in different generation technologies for a successful decarbonization process. |
| Keywords: | Renewable energy instruments; Fossil energy investments; Complementarity; Energy and environmental policy |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/jff6fcqc8e6bbhnlvps4rou6&r=ene |
| By: | Klepacka, Anna M.; Pawlik, Kamil |
| Abstract: | The production of renewable energy has been increasing in Poland in accordance with the EU mandate. Solar energy use, in particular, has been affected by regulations and the associated subsidy mechanism. The specific aim of the tudy was the verification of the influence exerted by renewable energy regulations on the amount of revenues and duration of the period when an investor can expect positive returns on operating a PV power plant. The analysis involved five scenarios and used financial and operational data shared by the existing PV power plant in Jadowniki, Poland. Two scenarios refer to plants operating under the support mechanism applied before July 1, 2016, while three scenarios consider plants operating under the auction system that became the support mechanism for renewable energy producers on July 1, 2016. Scenarios I and II generate a positive NPV and IRR under the assumed conditions including the use of green certificates. For PV power plants operating since July 1, 2016, Scenarios III and IV show that the return is dependent on the auction price and the size of NPV and IRR discourages investment. Scenario V assumes absence of support in the form of green certificates or through auction systems and generates loss. The continuing changes in the regulation of power generation from renewable energy sources, including solar energy, creates uncertainties that are likely to discourage investment in large commercial PV power plants in Poland. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iafepa:276630&r=ene |
| By: | Santos, João; Domingos, Tiago; Sousa, Tânia; Serrenho, André |
| Abstract: | In basic economic growth models, energy is neglected as a production factor, and output is generated from capital and labor in a single-sector process, with most of growth attributed to an exogenous residual. However, alternative approaches argue for a multi-sector system in which the major contribution to growth comes from increased efficiency in the conversion of energy to more productive forms. In this work we develop a two-sector model for the economy, featuring an extended energy sector, including all primary-to-final (energy industries) and final-to-useful (end-use devices) exergy conversion processes. Exergy is a thermodynamics concept, accounting for the potential of energy to perform work. Empirical application of the model for a single country (Portugal) requires decomposition and reclassification of national accounts and energy balances, to match empirical data with the model’s variables. Obtained estimates for the price of useful exergy (an intermediate product) facilitate the construction of gross output measures for more accurate growth accounting. Evidence suggests that declining useful exergy prices act as an engine of growth, as previously suggested in the literature. Additionally, useful exergy and capital inputs to non-energy related production act as complements while capital productivity in useful exergy generation declines slightly in the past decade. |
| Keywords: | Two-sector model; extended energy sector; useful exergy; national accounts; energy balances; |
| JEL: | C82 E01 O41 O47 Q41 Q43 |
| Date: | 2018–09–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:89175&r=ene |
| By: | Jakub Sawulski; Marcin Galczynski; Robert Zajdler |
| Abstract: | In recent years offshore wind has become one of the fastest growing forms of renewable energy technology worldwide. Nevertheless, there are still several markets with large potential for deployment. In this paper we assess the offshore wind innovation system in Poland. We apply the Technological Innovation System approach. This procedure has been widely used to describe the offshore wind innovation system in Europe. However, the existing literature concerned European countries located at the technological frontier, while in this publication we examine this issue in a follower country, which is still waiting to deploy its first offshore wind installation. The upcoming transition of the Polish energy system, resulting from depletion of current coal resources and EU climate policy goals, makes Poland one of the most promising markets for renewable technologies, and the geographical location puts Poland in position of the main actor in kick-starting the offshore wind market on the Baltic Sea. However, in our study we identify a number of challenges for offshore wind technology deployment in Poland. Some of these challenges include the unpredictable public policies, limited grid infrastructure, rather poor quality of research provided by scientific organisations and weak interactions between science and business. To address these issues, we propose a set of policy instruments, which, we believe, will significantly contribute to the development of offshore wind technology in Poland. |
| Keywords: | RES, offshore wind, innovation system, TIS |
| JEL: | O31 O33 Q42 Q55 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ibt:wpaper:wp062018&r=ene |
| By: | Chichilnisky, Graciela |
| Abstract: | Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy (DICE), and compare results for different damage functions, namely the standard one in DICE and the one proposed by Weitzman implying potential large climate damages at high temperature increases. We calculate optimal climate policy for different parameter settings and compare the results with those under the green golden rule (only final utility matters) and classical utilitarianism (no discounting). Optimal emission abatement trajectories turn out to be very different between standard dis- counted utilitarianism, classical utilitarianism and Chichilnisky specifications. The results are very sensitive to the damage function, the climate sensitivity parameter and especially the “Chichilnisky weight” given to utility of generations in the far future. We discuss conditions and reasons for preferring either classical utilitarianism or the Chichilnisky criterion, and conclude that a critical factor is the time horizon used in climate policy analysis. Adopting sustainable preferences as formalized by the Chichilnisky criterion in climate policy analysis has the advantage that the very long-term implications of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere on the environment and human welfare are not downplayed. |
| Keywords: | Chichilnisky welfare criterion; classical utilitarianism; climate change; DICE model; Weitzman damage function. |
| JEL: | D7 D71 F01 Q5 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–12–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:88757&r=ene |
| By: | Cardella, Eric; Ewing, Brad; Williams, Ryan Blake |
| Abstract: | A recent trend in most developed countries has been a move toward greater reliance on renewable or “green” energy sources. This is especially true in the residential sector, where voluntary green power is offered by many electric utilities. Using a choice-based, experimental survey, this paper investigates how information nudges regarding the energy efficiency, production cost, and environmental impacts of different sources of power generation impact consumers’ preferences for adopting voluntary green-power plans. We systematically vary whether respondents receive positive and/or negative information about either the green plan or the gray plan, or neutral information as a control. As part of the design, we also vary the price premium of the green plan across choice scenarios. Based on two different participant samples totaling over 1,800 respondents and 21,000 plan choices, our results suggest that information nudges significantly impact respondents’ choice of plan. In particular, promoting the advantages of the green plan significantly increases green plan adoption, while promoting the disadvantages of the gray plan also significantly increases green plan adoption, and to a similar extent. Moreover, the documented effects of information nudges are robust across different price premiums for the green plan. Lastly, we show that the magnitudes of the information nudges are sizable and roughly equivalent to a change in the price premium of $5/month. Our results have clear energy policy and green power marketing implications of a plausible, economical, and effective mechanism to increase residential adoption of green-power plans. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2018–01–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea18:266583&r=ene |
| By: | Anna Bartczak (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences); Wiktor Budziński (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences); Bernadeta Gołębiowska (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences) |
| Abstract: | We investigate individuals’ preferences for renewable energy development in Poland. Our main objective is to examine whether preferences for avoiding externalities from renewable energy development near respondents’ place of residence are influenced by their personal beliefs about the negative effects of wind turbine activity. We focus on attitudes towards wind power because it has had the most dynamic development among all renewable energy sources in Poland. To elicit values on avoiding renewable energy externalities, we use a choice experiment (CE) approach. To conduct our analysis we applied a theoretically robust econometric approach, the hybrid mixed logit model. From our analysis of data from a large sample of the Polish population, we find that beliefs about wind turbine have distinct negative effects on respondents’ preferences concerning renewable energy development. Respondents who generally have an opinion about potential wind turbine effects would like to have input on renewable energy development in their neighbourhood. Latent beliefs that wind power is not harmful enhance respondents’ preferences for implementing a wind energy project and enhance preferences against solar power development. These beliefs appears to be significantly correlated with respondents’ marginal utility of money. |
| Keywords: | beliefs about negative effects, choice experiment, preference heterogeneity, renewable energy externalities, stated preferences |
| JEL: | D12 H41 Q48 Q51 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:war:wpaper:2018-19&r=ene |
| By: | Casey, Gregory |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Production Economics |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259959&r=ene |
| By: | Hyeongwoo Kim; Ying Lin |
| Abstract: | A group of researchers has asserted that the rate of exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) to domestic prices has declined substantially over the last few decades. We revisit this claim of a downward trend in the rate of ERPT to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) by employing the vector autoregressive (VAR) model for the U.S. macroeconomic data under the current floating exchange rate regime. Our VAR approach that nests the conventional single equation method reveals very weak evidence of ERPT during the pre-1990 era. On the other hand, we observe statistically significant evidence of ERPT during the post-1990 era, which sharply contrasts with previous findings. After statistically confirming a structural break in ERPT to the total CPI via Hansen's (2001) test procedure, we seek the source of the structural break using the disaggregate level CPIs, which pinned down a key role of energy prices in explaining the emergence of the break. The dependency of the U.S. energy consumption on imports has increased since the 1990s. This change magnifies the effects of the exchange rate shock on domestic energy prices, resulting in greater responses of the total CPI via this energy price channel. |
| Keywords: | Exchange Rate Pass Through; Disaggregated CPI; Structural Break; Oil Price Shock |
| JEL: | E31 F31 F41 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abn:wpaper:auwp2018-05&r=ene |
| By: | Ben Gilbert; Joshua S. Graff Zivin |
| Abstract: | The intermittency of payment for many goods creates a disconnect between paying and consuming such that the marginal price is not always salient when consumption decisions are made. This paper derives optimal dynamic corrective taxes when there are externalities as well as internalities from inattention and persistence in consumption across periods. Our optimal taxes address dynamic inefficiencies that are not captured in static models of inattention. We also characterize a second-best constant tax and the excess burden associated with time-invariant tax rates. We then calibrate the model to U.S. residential electricity consumption. |
| JEL: | D03 D11 D62 D91 H21 H23 L97 Q40 Q41 Q50 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25014&r=ene |
| By: | Balazs Sziklai (Game Theory Research Group Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Corvinus University of Budapest Department of Operations Research and Actuarial Sciences); Laszlo A. Koczy (Game Theory Research Group Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Keleti Faculty of Business and Management, Óbuda University, Budapest); David Csercsik (Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the geopolitical impact and the possible consequences of the construction of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. We model the European gas network as a cooperative game between regions as players over the pipeline network, where LNG is also treated as a separate player. We focus on the change of influence of the players in three different scenarios. We investigate how the power of the agents shift when the Nord Stream pipeline is expanded, when the Ukrainian pipeline is shut down and finally when both of these happen. Our calculations show that when Nord Stream 2 is operational, Russia and Western Europe improve their position compared to the base scenario, while other suppliers, notably Norway, together with Central, Eastern and Southern Europe suffer losses, especially when the Ukrainian route is dismissed. The results highlight that both the supporters and adversaries of Nord Stream 2 are governed by self-interest and solidarity and trust, the values proclaimed by the EU and the Energy Union, remain but a slogan. |
| Keywords: | gas supply, pipeline network, Shapley value, cooperative games, Nord Stream |
| JEL: | C61 Q40 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:has:discpr:1821&r=ene |
| By: | Simon, Daniel H.; Zirogiannis, Nikolaos; Hollingsworth, Alex |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259116&r=ene |
| By: | Rajagopal, Deepak; Simon, Daniel H. |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Industrial Organization |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259969&r=ene |
| By: | List, John A.; Metcalfe, Robert D.; Price, Michael K.; Rundhammer, Florian |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258139&r=ene |
| By: | Silva, E.; Lima, R. |
| Abstract: | The objective of this article is to discuss the relationship between biofuels and food crop markets in Brazil, from August 2004 to August 2017. Prices of ethanol and food commodities (sugar, soybean and corn) were used to estimate a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The system also included Real/Dollar exchange rate, policy and seasonal dummies, and an exogenous variable representing international oil price. The results suggest the occurrence of linkages between biofuel and food commodity markets in Brazil. Thus, it is crucial that the development of public policies to pursue the objective of increasing the supply of renewable and less pollutant fuel do not conflict with the goals of food security. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:275883&r=ene |
| By: | Martin L. Weitzman; Bjart Holtsmark |
| Abstract: | Linkage of cap-and-trade systems is typically advocated by economists on a general analogy with the beneficial linking of free-trade areas and on the specific grounds that linkage will ensure cost effectiveness among the linked jurisdictions. An appropriate and widely accepted specification for the damages of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions within a relatively short (say 5-10 year) period is that marginal damages for each jurisdiction are constant (although they can differ among jurisdictions). With this defensible assumption, the analysis is significantly clarified and yields simple closed-form expressions for all CO2 permit prices. Some implications for linked and unlinked voluntary CO2 cap-and-trade systems are derived and discussed. |
| JEL: | Q50 Q52 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25001&r=ene |
| By: | Benavidez, Justin; Thayer, Anastasia W. |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2018–02–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea18:266636&r=ene |
| By: | Chen, Xiaoguang; Ye, Jingjing |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development |
| Date: | 2017–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258256&r=ene |
| By: | Andreas Ziegler (University of Kassel) |
| Abstract: | Based on data from a large-scale computer-based survey among more than 3700 German citizens, this paper empirically disentangles the determinants of the general change of electricity contracts and the specific change to green electricity contracts. Our econometric analysis reveals a strong relevance of behavioral factors and individual values and norms. For example, patience (which was measured by an incentivized experiment included in the survey) has a significantly positive effect on both general switches to alternative electricity contracts and specific switches to green electricity contracts. Furthermore, trust and (less robust) social preferences (also measured by an incentivized experiment) have additional significantly positive effects on the specific change to green electricity contracts. Our estimation results also imply an important role of political identification, i.e. an ecological policy orientation is strongly significantly positively correlated with the change to green electricity contracts. Furthermore, several household specific factors like relocation decisions as well as socio-demographic and socio-economic variables like household income are also relevant. The empirical analysis thus provides new explanation patterns for the phenomenon that relatively few households regularly change their electricity contracts and specifically switch to green electricity contracts, although they have high stated preferences for such changes. Our insights suggest several directions for policy and electricity suppliers to increase these switching rates. For example, the high importance of trust for the change to green electricity contracts suggests transparency initiatives of electricity suppliers to decrease concerns against renewable energies. |
| Keywords: | Switching electricity contracts, green electricity, behavioral factors, artefactual field experiments, individual values and norms |
| JEL: | A13 C93 D12 D91 Q41 Q42 Q50 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mar:magkse:201827&r=ene |
| By: | Hasan, Syed M.; Zhang, Wendong |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259192&r=ene |
| By: | Chaurey, Ritam (The Johns Hopkins Carey Business School); Le, Duong Trung (Binghamton University, New York) |
| Abstract: | We evaluate the impact of a place-based infrastructure development scheme directed towards India's most "backward" districts, on the performance of microenterprises. "Backward" districts were selected based on a transparent score-based assignment mechanism. Using a Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design, we find that firms in treated districts had higher profits, revenues, and employment. Improvements in electrification was an important channel driving these results, as firms used more electricity and had a lower likelihood of facing a power cut. We also find increases in migrants, and proportion of new firms in treated districts, along with negative spillovers in areas closer to the treated districts. |
| Keywords: | infrastructure, microenterprises, place-based policy, regression discontinuity |
| JEL: | O12 O18 O25 R11 |
| Date: | 2018–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp11749&r=ene |
| By: | Norbert Ligterink (TNO) |
| Abstract: | Real-world vehicle emissions differ from the legislative emissions limits for a number of reasons. Emissions can be substantially lower but in most cases emissions in real driving conditions are higher than the type-approval values. This is especially the case for NOx emissions from diesels. Between Euro 1 and Euro 5 standards the European NOx limit decreased by a factor of five but real-world NOx emissions have remained more or less constant. High real-world NOx emissions from light and heavy-duty diesels are the main cause of high NO2 concentrations in cities. Some Euro 6 vehicles now show real-world NOx emissions close to the limit, but many vehicle models still exceed the limit by a factor of eight in real-world driving conditions. This report outlines the main reasons for the deviations and discusses the implications for managing air pollution. The European situation is taken as example. |
| Date: | 2017–05–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaab:2017/06-en&r=ene |
| By: | Stephen Polasky (Boston College) |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boc:bocoec:203&r=ene |
| By: | Hellman, Kelly L.; Walsh, Patrick J. |
| Keywords: | Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Demand and Price Analysis, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259117&r=ene |
| By: | Ribeiro Scarcioffolo, Alexandre; Etienne, Xiaoli L. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258119&r=ene |
| By: | Nunez, H. |
| Abstract: | This article aims to develop a framework to forecast bioethanol policies impacts a decade ahead in Mexico, where there have been several attempts to introduce biofuels into the market but so far no success. Technically, an endogenous-price mathematical programming model is developed emphasizing the Mexican agricultural and fuel sectors, which are embedded in a multi-region, multi-product, spatial partial equilibrium model of the world economy. There is a module for the U.S. and another for ROW. Mexico is disaggregated into 193 crop districts. Production functions are specified for 14 major crops and pasture. Bioethanol can be produced both from a dedicated crop and from agroindustrial residues. Three policy alternatives are considered as well as a base case in which, as now, liquid fuels are all derived from fossil sources. The rest alternative consists of subsidies to biofuel producers, the second of blending mandates and the third of both combined. Biofuel imports are allowed in all cases. Results show some losses for fuel and agricultural consumers, that are not o set by both ethanol producer and GHG emissions reduction gains. This suggests that some compensating redistribution may be needed if these policies are to be seen as politically sustainable. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade, Marketing |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:275921&r=ene |
| By: | Nikolla, Dorina; Mills, Bradford F.; Murray, Anthony G.; Tuttle, Charlotte |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258116&r=ene |
| By: | Ghosh, Prasenjit; Rong, Jian; Khanna, Madhu; Wang, Weiwei; Miao, Ruiqing |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258100&r=ene |
| By: | Wu, T.; Thomassin, P.J. |
| Abstract: | This study analyzed the impact of a carbon tax on food prices and consumption patterns in Canada. The findings suggest that a carbon tax has negative impacts on both food prices and food consumption patterns in Canada. The magnitude of the impact depends on whether agriculture sectors are exempt from the carbon tax. When these sectors are exempt, the negative impacts of a carbon tax on food prices and food consumption patterns are small. A multi-regional price model was constructed to analyze the impact of the carbon tax by region. Specifically, this study compared the changes in food prices and food consumption patterns among different provinces in Canada. The results showed that food prices in Quebec are the most affected, followed by Alberta. In addition, there was no evidence that the impact of a carbon tax on the food consumption patterns would vary by income group. These results shed light on the impact of carbon taxes on food security and affordability in Canada. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Development |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:275913&r=ene |
| By: | Rivera, Nathaly M. |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259182&r=ene |
| By: | Kim, Moon Joon |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2017–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258215&r=ene |
| By: | Andy Stirling (SPRU, University of Sussex, UK); Phil Johnstone (SPRU, University of Sussex, UK) |
| Abstract: | Noting the increasingly unfavourable economic and operational position of nuclear power around the world, this paper reviews evidence for a hitherto neglected connection between international commitments to civil and military nuclear infrastructures. Reviewing well established understandings of interlinkages associated with fissile materials and other nuclear weapons related substances, the paper surveys a distinct – and currently potentially more important – kind of interdependency that has up to now received virtually no policy attention. This relates to the national industrial supply chains necessary for the manufacture and operation of nuclear propelled submarines, that are deemed central to strategic military doctrine in a few states – and to burgeoning ambitions in a number of others. One of the most striking features of these interdependencies, is that evidence is so strong in strategic military literatures, but that the issue is typically so neglected in energy policy analysis. So the repercussions extend beyond specific domains of civil and military nuclear policy making in themselves – significant as these may be. Across a range of countries, arguably the most important implications arise for the rigour and transparency of mainstream academic and energy policy analysis and the quality and accountability of wider democratic processes – that are failing to give due attention to the evident force of these connections. With civil nuclear power now increasingly recognised to be growing obsolescent as a low carbon energy source, but key military capabilities evidently depending so strongly on its maintenance, a potentially important new window of opportunity may be opening up for robust measures to reduce global military nuclear threats. |
| Keywords: | Nuclear power; nuclear weapons; nuclear submarines; nuclear proliferation; nuclear state; military industrial complex; |
| Date: | 2018–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:2018-13&r=ene |
| By: | Vera Plenkina (Tyumen Industrial University); Irina Andronova (LLC "LUKOIL-Engineering"); Elena Deberdieva (Tyumen Industrial University); Olga Lenkova (Tyumen Industrial University); Irina Osinovskaya (Tyumen Industrial University) |
| Abstract: | The article considers methodological tools for developing and adopting strategic management decisions at oil and gas companies. For this purpose, the authors set and successively solved the following tasks: the most significant features of management decisions were classified regarding the operation of large vertically integrated oil companies (VIOC); the study presents a model of the full cycle of strategic management at industrial enterprises; the authors propose an original algorithm for the development of strategic decisions at VIOC and review the existing general theoretical tools used for selecting strategic alternatives regarding their applicability at various levels of the company's management hierarchy; a mechanism for devising and taking strategic decisions has been developed on the example of the oil production department; the authors determined the significance of strategic managerial decisions that are currently transforming from traditionally functional into the corporate ones. The revealed positive dynamics in the costs of research and development (R&D), the increase in the number of applications for patents, and the findings of a survey conducted among top management of oil and gas companies have proven the importance of innovation and taking accurate managerial decisions on its implementation. In addition to this, the paper provides evidence that all oil and gas companies are currently using modeling as a key tool when making managerial decisions. |
| Keywords: | innovation,management,strategy,managerial decisions,oil companies |
| Date: | 2018–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01858350&r=ene |
| By: | Agboje, A. |
| Abstract: | A critical view of how the various fuel pricing policies directed towards addressing the challenges of the fiscal stability of Nigerian economy will translate to improved social welfare is farfetched. This study used a static computable general equilibrium model to assess the impact of phased and withdrawal of PMS consumption subsidy as well as their alternative curtailing policies on the welfare of farm and non-farm households in Nigeria. Results showed that partial and total PMS subsidy reform with the subsidy gains conserved reduced households consumption level, increased their expenditures on all commodities and reduced social welfare by a worst ₦70.47 billion and lowest ₦40.80billion. However, an alternative policy of reallocating fuel subsidy into the crop and service sectors contributed largely to increased household consumption basket and utility increased as low as 0.11% on phased PMS subsidy reform measure among urban non-agriculture and as high as 0.35% among rural agricultural households on account of subsidy withdrawal measure. Thus, social welfare increased from a minimum gain of about ₦43.42 billion on the alternative policy to phased PMS subsidy reform and a maximum gain of about ₦67.90billion on the alternative policy to PMS subsidy withdrawal. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:275938&r=ene |
| By: | Suh, Dong Hee |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2017–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258198&r=ene |
| By: | Yan, Youpei |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259158&r=ene |
| By: | Zou, Eric |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2017–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258274&r=ene |
| By: | Hancevic, Pedro I.; Nuñez, Hector M. |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258129&r=ene |
| By: | Hellman, Kelly L.; Mullins, Jamie |
| Keywords: | Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Health Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2017–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:259123&r=ene |
| By: | Xu, Shicong; Sam, Abdoul |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:261216&r=ene |
| By: | Xu, Minhong; Xu, Yilan |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2017–06–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258019&r=ene |
| By: | Melstrom, Richard T. |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2017–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea17:258281&r=ene |
| By: | Francesco Vona (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques); Giovanni Marin (Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna); Davide Consoli (Institute of Innovation and Knowledge Management); David Popp |
| Abstract: | We present a data-driven methodology to identify occupational skills that are relevant for environmental sustainability. We find that these green skills are mostly engineering and technical know-how related to the design, production, management and monitoring of technology. We also evaluate the effect of environmental regulation on the demand of green skills exploiting exogenous geographical variation in regulatory stringency for a panel of US metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas over the period 2006-2014. Our results suggest that, while these recent changes in environmental regulation have no impact on overall employment, they create significant gaps in the demand for some green skills, especially those related to technical and engineering skills. |
| Keywords: | Environmental regulations; Green skills; Task model; Workforce composition |
| JEL: | J24 Q52 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/1fkb59dcsg9alqqq6qv18jj5us&r=ene |