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on Efficiency and Productivity |
| By: | Khanh, Huyen Ngo |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the operational efficiency of commercial banks through the lens of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, highlighting its significance in assessing banking performance in a rapidly evolving financial landscape. By analyzing key literature and trends, the study identifies critical factors influencing bank efficiency, including technological advancements, sustainability, and regulatory frameworks. It also explores the impact of digital transformation on traditional banking operations and emphasizes the importance of customer-centric approaches in enhancing service efficiency. Furthermore, the paper discusses future research directions, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and big data analytics, cross-country comparisons, and the relationship between operational efficiency and risk management. Ultimately, this study aims to provide insights for scholars and practitioners seeking to enhance the competitiveness and resilience of commercial banks in an increasingly complex global environment. |
| Date: | 2024–10–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:uy9mx_v1 |
| By: | Rafael Araujo; Vitor Possebom |
| Abstract: | The FAO-GAEZ crop productivity data are widely used in Economics. However, the existence of measurement error is rarely recognized in the empirical literature. We propose a novel method to partially identify the effect of agricultural productivity, deriving bounds that allow for nonclassical measurement error by leveraging two proxies. These bounds exhaust all the information contained in the first two moments of the data. We reevaluate three influential studies, documenting that measurement error matters and that the impact of agricultural productivity on economic outcomes may be smaller than previously reported. Our methodology has broad applications in empirical research involving mismeasured variables. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.12141 |
| By: | Viktoriya Ereshchenko; Elena Popic |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Energy-Energy Resources Development Energy-Renewable Energy Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42581 |
| By: | Kambayashi, Ryo (Musashi University); Ohyama, Atsushi (Hitotsubashi University) |
| Abstract: | We empirically examine whether and how management facilitates Work From Home (WFH) arrangements using data from the 2020 Management and Organizational Practices Survey conducted in Japan (2020 JP MOPS). In this study, we view WFH arrangements as choices made by establishments/firms and analyze the variation in these arrangements across establishments/firms through the lens of managerial heterogeneity. Our empirical investigation reveals the multi-faceted roles management plays in WFH arrangements. First, well-managed establishments tend to adopt advanced digital technologies that support WFH arrangements, positioning management as a mediator in this context. Second, well-managed establishments are more likely than their poorly managed counterparts to implement WFH arrangements independent of technological factors. Performance-based systems with appropriate rewards appear to effectively incentivize remote workers. Finally, WFH arrangements are positively correlated with labor productivity when management scores are high but show no correlation when management scores are low. Thus, management plays a moderating role in the relationship between WFH arrangements and labor productivity. The overall findings from this study suggest that heterogeneity in management among establishments contributes to the variation in WFH arrangements. |
| Keywords: | WFH, structured management, advanced technology |
| JEL: | M54 L25 O33 |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17668 |
| By: | Mcmillan, Margaret S.; Zeufack, Albert G. |
| Abstract: | Manufacturing has made an important contribution to raising living standards in many parts of the world. Concerns about premature deindustrialization have made some observers skeptical about the potential for manufacturing to play this role in Africa. But employment in African manufacturing has grown rapidly over the past 20 years. These employment gains have been accompanied by: (i) large increases in the number of small manufacturing firms, (ii) limited employment gains in large firms, and (iii) robust labor productivity growth in Africa’s large firms. Limited employment growth in Africa’s large manufacturing firms is partly a result of the capital intensity of the manufacturing subsectors in which African countries are most engaged—the processing of resources—and partly a result of rising capital intensity in manufacturing. The potential for manufacturing to raise living standards in Africa depends on indirect job creation by large firms through backward and forward linkages and increasing labor productivity in small firms. |
| Date: | 2023–02–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10294 |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Agriculture-Agribusiness Private Sector Development-Global Value Chains and Business Clustering Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Investment and Investment Climate Social Protections and Labor-Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42546 |
| By: | Purohit, Yagnesh; Parkhi, Shilpa |
| Abstract: | In the fabrication industry, selecting the most suitable welding method is crucial for optimizing standard work hours (SWH) and achieving efficient resource utilization. This study aims to provide a systematic evaluation of three prevalent welding techniques—Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)—using the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART). The objective is to identify the welding method that best balances efficiency, complexity, weld volume, and skill requirements. The methodology involves evaluating the three welding methods based on five key criteria: Labour Efficiency (LE), Operational Efficiency (OE), Job Weight, Weld Volume, and Skill Level. Each criterion is assigned a relative weight to reflect its importance in the overall evaluation. The SMART technique is employed to aggregate these weights and assess the performance of each welding method against the criteria. The findings reveal that GMAW stands out as the most effective welding method when considering the balance of efficiency, complexity, weld volume, and required skill level. GMAW's performance surpasses that of SMAW and GTAW in terms of overall suitability for most fabrication tasks. The study concludes that GMAW is optimal for enhancing productivity and resource management in the fabrication industry. Future research could expand on this study by incorporating additional criteria that might affect welding performance, such as environmental impact or cost considerations. Additionally, applying alternative multi-criteria decision-making techniques could provide further validation of the results and offer a more comprehensive analysis of the welding methods. This would enable a more nuanced understanding of the trade-offs between different welding techniques and their applicability to various industrial contexts. |
| Date: | 2024–07–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:q7bem_v1 |
| By: | Yuan, Boning |
| Abstract: | Using panel data from 35 listed banks' annual reports and corporate social responsibility reports from 2009 to 2022 as a sample, this study empirically examines the impact of green credit on the performance of commercial banks and takes China Merchants Bank as the case analysis object. Based on the theory of green finance, this paper discusses the function mechanism of the effect of green credit on commercial banks by empirical method, heterogeneity analysis and robustness test. Then, using the specific business data of China Merchants Bank in the field of green credit and its business performance data, the paper further reveals the specific impact of green credit on the business performance of the bank. The research shows that commercial banks have improved their asset income ability through green credit, significantly enhanced their operating efficiency in social responsibility and risk control, and positively impacted the overall operating effect. Finally, this paper suggests that green credit can positively promote commercial banks' performance and point out a new path for the sustainable development and social responsibility of commercial banks. This research has not only contributed to theory but also provided important reference for practice. |
| Date: | 2024–11–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xk6ew_v1 |
| By: | Mtshweni, Harry; Costa, King (Global Centre for Academic Research) |
| Abstract: | The downstream petroleum sector plays a critical role in the economic development of emerging economies by providing energy, employment, and opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, various external factors, including regulatory frameworks, market volatility, and technological advancements, significantly impact the operational efficiency of SMEs in this sector. This paper explores how these external challenges affect SMEs, particularly those owned by Historically Disadvantaged Individuals (HDIs), in the petroleum industries of emerging markets. Focusing on the South African context, the paper examines global and African perspectives on operational efficiency, with case studies from Ghana, Nigeria, and Kenya. It highlights the importance of infrastructure development, local capacity building, and regulatory reforms in enhancing operational efficiency. Additionally, technological advancements such as automation and data analytics are explored as potential tools for improving SMEs’ performance. The paper concludes by offering practical recommendations for overcoming these challenges, including streamlining regulatory processes, promoting technological adoption, and fostering inclusive business models. By addressing these external factors, SMEs in the downstream petroleum sector can improve their competitiveness, contribute to economic transformation, and meet the growing energy demands of emerging economies. |
| Date: | 2024–09–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:rp3k4_v1 |
| By: | Dilip Limaye; Jas Singh; Selena Jihyun Lee |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Conservation & Efficiency Energy-Energy Consumption Energy-Energy Finance Environment-Adaptation to Climate Change Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:42714 |
| By: | Darith, Siek; Kimley, Lay; Eav, Lim Kim; Sanith, Pou; Chihouy, Yun; Bunhak, Tha; Sourphimean, Siek |
| Abstract: | This research explores how ingredient costs and efficiency ratios affect the sustainability of small coffee businesses in Battambang, Cambodia. By examining ingredient usage patterns, cost impacts, and economic efficiency, the study aims to find strategies to improve financial sustainability. Data were gathered from 80 coffee shop owners through surveys and interviews. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between various cost factors and coffee income. The results show that ingredient costs, equipment costs, and operational expenses significantly affect coffee income. Costs for coffee beans, ice, plastic items, and straws positively impact income, while the cost of ice buckets has a negative effect. Additionally, the price of coffee sold is crucial for revenue generation. The study concludes that by optimizing ingredient use, managing costs efficiently, and implementing strategic pricing, small coffee businesses in Battambang can improve their financial sustainability and support the local economy. |
| Date: | 2024–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:p7mn3_v1 |