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on Efficiency and Productivity |
| By: | Zhang Xiaotong (Nankai University) |
| Abstract: | This presentation focuses on the current status of new quality productivity research and the issues that should be paid attention to in the measurement and evaluation process. No substantial calculation of the new quality productivity development index has been carried out. It is recommended that the National Bureau of Statistics should regularly produce and publish the "New Quality Productivity Development Index" as a product, rather than having it published by the private sector. |
| Date: | 2024–10–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boc:chin24:04 |
| By: | Chu, Angus C.; Furukawa, Yuichi; Peretto, Pietro; Xu, Rongxin |
| Abstract: | Is agricultural productivity conducive to economic development? We develop a two-country open-economy Schumpeterian growth model with endogenous takeoff. With agricultural trade and a subsistence requirement, higher domestic agricultural productivity has ambiguous effects on the economy's takeoff and its transitional growth rate if domestic and imported agricultural goods are substitutes. Without the subsistence requirement, higher domestic agricultural productivity delays industrialization and lowers transitional growth by increasing domestic demand for agricultural labor. This specialization force works in the opposite direction of the change in domestic consumption pattern governed by the subsistence requirement, which tends to release labor from agriculture. Without agricultural trade, the specialization force is absent and the subsistence requirement on agricultural consumption implies that higher domestic agricultural productivity reallocates labor from agriculture to industry, hastening industrialization and raising transitional growth. Using cross-country panel-data, we find that agricultural productivity has a direct positive effect on economic growth but this positive effect weakens and even becomes negative when reliance on agricultural imports is sufficiently high. Simulating the calibrated model, we find that improvement in domestic agricultural productivity accounts for about one-third of the changes in TFP growth in China and Japan, respectively, and more so for their main trading partner, the US. |
| Keywords: | international trade; agricultural productivity; innovation; endogenous takeoff |
| JEL: | F43 O3 O4 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122630 |
| By: | Mertens, Matthias (MIT); Schoefer, Benjamin (University of California, Berkeley) |
| Abstract: | We document and dissect a new stylized fact about firm growth: the shift from labor to intermediate inputs. This shift occurs in input quantities, cost and output shares, and output elasticities. We establish this fact using German firm-level data and replicate it in administrative firm data from 11 additional countries. We also document these patterns in micro-aggregated industry data for 20 European countries (and, with respect to industry cost shares, for the US). We rationalize this novel regularity within a parsimonious model featuring (i) an elasticity of substitution between intermediates and labor that exceeds unity, and (ii) an increasing shadow price of labor relative to intermediates, due to monopsony power over labor or labor adjustment costs. The shift from labor to intermediates accounts for one half to one third of the decline in the labor share in growing firms (the remainder is due to wage markdowns and markups) and rationalizes most of the labor share decline ingrowing industries. |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17461 |
| By: | SAHOO Amarendra (European Commission - JRC); NECHIFOR Victor (European Commission - JRC); FERRARI Emanuele (European Commission - JRC); FERREIRA Valeria; AMANY Damit Serge Didier |
| Abstract: | Increasing port efficiencies could enhance economic growth, with a positive impact on both exports and imports, resulting in GDP gains and reduced poverty rates in Senegal. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc139361 |
| By: | Darith, Siek; Kimley, Lay; Eav, Lim Kim; Sanith, Pou; Chihouy, Yun; Bunhak, Tha; Sourphimean, Siek |
| Abstract: | This research explores how ingredient costs and efficiency ratios affect the sustainability of small coffee businesses in Battambang, Cambodia. By examining ingredient usage patterns, cost impacts, and economic efficiency, the study aims to find strategies to improve financial sustainability. Data were gathered from 80 coffee shop owners through surveys and interviews. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between various cost factors and coffee income. The results show that ingredient costs, equipment costs, and operational expenses significantly affect coffee income. Costs for coffee beans, ice, plastic items, and straws positively impact income, while the cost of ice buckets has a negative effect. Additionally, the price of coffee sold is crucial for revenue generation. The study concludes that by optimizing ingredient use, managing costs efficiently, and implementing strategic pricing, small coffee businesses in Battambang can improve their financial sustainability and support the local economy. |
| Date: | 2024–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:p7mn3 |