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on Efficiency and Productivity |
|
Issue of 2022‒09‒05
thirteen papers chosen by |
| By: | Kang, Hyonyong; Suh, Dong Hee |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322121&r= |
| By: | Orea, Luis (University of Oviedo); Álvarez-Ayuso, Inmaculada (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid); Servén, Luis (Centro de Estudios Monetarios y Financieros) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we provide an empirical assessment of the effects of infrastructure provision on structural change and aggregate productivity using industry-level data for a set of developed and developing countries over 1995-2010. A distinctive feature of our empirical strategy is that it allows the measurement of the resource reallocation directly attributable to infrastructure provision. To achieve this, we propose a two-level top-down decomposition of aggregate productivity that combines and extends several strands of the literature. In our empirical application, we find significant production losses attributable to misallocation of inputs across firms, especially among African countries. Our empirical application also shows that infrastructure provision has stimulated aggregate TFP growth through both within and between-industry productivity gains. |
| Keywords: | Productivity growth; Resource allocation; Stochastic frontier analysis; Structural change |
| JEL: | C20 D24 O18 O47 |
| Date: | 2022–02–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cbsnow:2022_006&r= |
| By: | Liu, Yong; Ruiz-Menjivar, Jorge |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322521&r= |
| By: | Subhash C. Ray (University of Connecticut); Linge Yang (University of Connecticut) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we consider alternative multiplicative decompositions of profit efficiency measured by the ratio of the actual profit of a firm to the maximum achievable profit. We use the directional distance function of Chambers, Chung, and Färe (1996) as the generic analytical method for measuring technical efficiency. Alternative choice of directions yields the Shephard input and output distance functions as well as the lesser-known McFadden’s gauge function for measuring technical efficiency. We also present an endogenously determined direction based on the overall efficiency measure of Ray (2007). We show that the McFadden gauge function is the only one that yields a decomposition where both the technical and allocative components of profit efficiency lie between 0 and 1 while the technical efficiency factor is also independent of prices. |
| Keywords: | Directional Distance Function; Gauge Function; Nerlovian Efficiency |
| JEL: | D24 C61 |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uct:uconnp:2022-15&r= |
| By: | Hutchins, Jared P.; Irwin, Scott H. |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Agribusiness, Production Economics |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322202&r= |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | In the face of slowing productivity growth, a number of OECD countries have set up pro-productivity institutions to produce objective evidence and data on productivity trends and growth drivers and help inform pro-productivity policies and interventions. The paper presents a new analytical framework to analyse the key characteristics of these pro-productivity institutions. The framework draws on a comprehensive stocktaking of pro-productivity institutions and applied policy advice work aimed at supporting capabilities and mutual learning across these institutions. The paper finds that pro-productivity institutions rely on a variety of set-ups and approaches to contribute to pro-productivity policies. Despite this variety, the paper does point to some lessons that can help pro-productivity institutions to continuously strengthen their capabilities. In particular, the paper highlights the importance of guaranteeing the analytical independence of pro-productivity institutions and access to micro-level data on firms and workers to inform policies and interventions with objective data and evidence. The paper opens a new line of research on the political economy of productivity policies that can support countries ensure the effective implementation of policies aimed at enhancing incomes and living standards. |
| JEL: | D02 D04 D24 E24 J24 O47 |
| Date: | 2022–08–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaac:32-en&r= |
| By: | Tian, Yongxia; Shaik, Saleem |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322436&r= |
| By: | Gustavo González |
| Abstract: | I investigate the importance of commodity price shocks on aggregate productivity dynamics. I focus on variable utilization of primary factors as driving mechanism. I exploit variation in product tradability and cost exposure to the copper industry to characterize the responses of manufacturing Chilean firms to copper price shocks. I find that, when copper prices increase, establishments selling non-tradables display higher productivity growth than those selling tradables. At the same time, plants more cost-exposed to the copper industry display lower growth. I develop a multi-sector small open economy model featuring frictions to factor management and variable factor utilization. I quantitatively find that variable utilization can generate a strong positive association between copper price shocks and measured aggregate productivity, as it is observed in Chilean data. |
| Date: | 2022–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chb:bcchwp:939&r= |
| By: | Dong, Qi |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322067&r= |
| By: | Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Li, Mengjie |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Production Economics, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322092&r= |
| By: | Hoey, Sam (Erasmus University Rotterdam); Peeters, Thomas (Erasmus University Rotterdam); van Ours, Jan C. (Erasmus University Rotterdam) |
| Abstract: | We study how workers in production teams are affected by the temporary absence and replacement of a coworker. When a substitute coworker is absent, the remaining coworkers produce less output per working time. They compensate for this by increasing their working time at the expense of the (less able) replacement worker, such that the output loss per remaining worker is not significant. When a complementary coworker is absent, we see a similar loss in output per minute worked, but this directly leads to a loss of output produced, because remaining workers do not take over the absent worker’s tasks. |
| Keywords: | absenteeism, worker productivity, team production, ice hockey |
| JEL: | M50 M54 J24 |
| Date: | 2022–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15455&r= |
| By: | Lu, Yifan (Tasmanian School of Business & Economics, University of Tasmania); Yamazaki, Satoshi (Tasmanian School of Business & Economics, University of Tasmania) |
| Abstract: | To what extent do marine-based economic activities influence the onset of violent conflict? Despite ongoing debate over several decades around the relationship between natural resources and violent conflict, little of the relevant research has addressed the marine environment. Based on satellite data in Indonesia, this paper provides new evidence on the relationship between fisheries and violent conflict. From a sample of 757 cells representing the spatial interaction of conflict and catch landings in 2015 and employing ocean productivity as an exogenous instrument, both industrial and non-industrial catches were found to have a statistically significant positive effect on the number of conflict events. Additionally, increased illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) catches are more likely than legal catches to cause violent conflict. An increase in fish catches in Indonesian waters fuels conflict of every kind, among which protests and riots are most sensitive to fisheries while fighting and terrorism are least sensitive. Overall, these empirical findings support the hypothesis that increased competition for common-pool resources contributes to the onset of violent conflict. |
| Keywords: | conflict, illegal fishing, marine resources, ocean productivity, satellite data, Indonesia |
| JEL: | D74 O13 Q22 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tas:wpaper:46656&r= |
| By: | Dalhaus, Tobias; Zhang, Yujie |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty, Agricultural Finance, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322126&r= |