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on Education |
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Issue of 2010‒09‒18
six papers chosen by Joao Carlos Correia Leitao University of Beira Interior and Technical University of Lisbon |
| By: | Daniel Boothby (Industry Canada); Torben Drewes (Trent University) |
| Abstract: | Among OECD countries, Canada has the highest percentage of postsecondary graduates in the population 25-64 years old, which is due to having a large proportion of nonuniversity postsecondary graduates from colleges and trade schools. By considering the financial returns to types of postsecondary education, which reflect demand and supply, this paper examines whether Canada has produced too many postsecondary graduates in general, or too many graduates from colleges or trade schools in particular. The answers to both questions is no. There are high rates of return to higher education, with the exception of women graduates of trade schools. |
| Keywords: | Education Papers, postsecondary education, OECD countries |
| JEL: | I21 J24 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdh:ebrief:104&r=edu |
| By: | Osorio, Juan Carlos Parra; Wodon, Quentin |
| Abstract: | Fe y Alegria is a catholic network of schools that started operations in Colombia in 1971, and in 2009 served more than 72,000 students in 61 schools. This paper assesses the performance of Fe y Alegria secondary schools in Colombia using test scores for Spanish and mathematics, as well as detailed information on the characteristics of the household to which students belong. Simple statistics suggest that Fe y Alegria schools perform worse than other schools for all years in the sample. However, Fe y Alegria schools also cater to poorer students who come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Once controls are included for student background, Fe y Alegria schools actually often perform as well and in some cases better than other schools for mathematics and Spanish, thus partially reversing the previous finding. |
| Keywords: | Tertiary Education,Secondary Education,Gender and Education,Teaching and Learning,Primary Education |
| Date: | 2010–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5413&r=edu |
| By: | Torbjørn Hægeland, Lars Johannessen Kirkebøen, Oddbjørn Raaum and Kjell G. Salvanes (Statistics Norway) |
| Abstract: | There is massive cross-sectional evidence that children of more educated parents outperform their schoolmates on tests, grade repetition and in educational attainment. However, evidence for causal interpretation of this association is weak. Within a rich census level data set for Norway, we examine the causal relationship using two approaches for identification: cousins with twin parents and adopted children. In line with most of the literature, we find no effect of mothers’ education on children’s school performance using the children-of-twins approach. However, for adopted children, mother’s education has a positive effect, but only a third of the size of the effect found in biological relationships in adopting families. Carefully tracking the work experience of parents during offspring childhood, we find no support for the hypothesis that the small causal effects of parental education can be explained by detrimental effects of higher labour force participation among more educated mothers. |
| Keywords: | Intergenerational transmission; education; pupil achievement |
| JEL: | I21 J24 J62 |
| Date: | 2010–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssb:dispap:628&r=edu |
| By: | Kempkes, Gerhard |
| Abstract: | We analyse the adjustment of public education spending in response to rapidly decreasing student cohorts in East Germany where birth rates collapsed after German reunification. Previous results from the literature based on data from more stable demographic periods suggest that public resources are incompletely adjusted, and that large reductions in the student population would thus translate into major increases in spending per student. Our empirical analysis suggests, however, that resource adjustments in East Germany have been considerable, especially in the years when student cohorts actually decreased. Adjustments were less tight when student numbers began to stagnate. Although our results are restricted to public education, they may be interpreted as early evidence on fiscal adjustments during strong demographic change, which will play a growing role in the years to come. -- |
| Keywords: | Subnational government spending,demographic change,public education |
| JEL: | I22 J18 H72 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:bubdp1:201016&r=edu |
| By: | Ren, Weiwei (University of Western Australia); Miller, Paul W. (Curtin University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the gender differential in the payoff to schooling in China. The analyses are conducted separately for rural and urban areas, and are based on a framework provided by the over education/required education/under education literature, and the decomposition developed by Chiswick and Miller (2008). It shows that the payoff to correctly matched education in rural China is much higher for females than for males. Associated with this, the wage penalty where workers are under qualified in their occupation is greater for females than for males. Both of these factors are shown to be linked to the higher payoff to schooling for females than for males. Over educated females, however, are advantaged compared with their male counterparts, though this has little effect on the differential in the payoff to schooling between males and females in rural China. These findings are interpreted using the explanations offered for the gender differential in the payoff to schooling in the growing literature on earnings determination in China. The payoffs to actual years of schooling for males and females in urban China are remarkably similar in this study. |
| Keywords: | China, schooling, earnings, rates of return |
| JEL: | J31 J62 J70 |
| Date: | 2010–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp5179&r=edu |
| By: | Andrea-Rosalinde Hofer; Jonathan Potter; Alain Fayolle; Magnus Gulbrandsen; Paul Hannon; Rebecca Harding; Åsa Lindholm Dahlstrand; Phillip H. Phan |
| Abstract: | This report brings together findings from the case studies in Berlin and Rostock on how entrepreneurship support is organised, the activities in entrepreneurship education and start-up support, and the strategy behind. In addition, the report provides in its “fishing ideas from international good practice” section 13 short descriptions of how places and universities collaborate elsewhere in mobilising their talents for entrepreneurial action. These short case studies are intended to provide inspiration for both policy and local action on the key issues in making places conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation, in entrepreneurship education, and in making university entrepreneurship support systems work. |
| Date: | 2010–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:cfeaaa:2010/9-en&r=edu |