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on Education |
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Issue of 2007‒05‒19
ten papers chosen by Joao Carlos Correia Leitao University of the Beira Interior |
| By: | Jim VanderHoff |
| Abstract: | This paper reports evidence that parental value of charter schools is primarily determined by the schools’ academically effectiveness. Data on the New Jersey charter schools indicate that not all charter schools are equally effective, measured by student test scores, or equally valued, measured by the number of students on their waiting list. The charter school value model estimates the effect of tests score, student demographics and school characteristics for both the charter school and the home district traditional public schools. The estimates indicate that the charter school test scores have the largest and most robust effect on the size of the waiting list. Neither the charter school students’ race or income nor traditional public school students’ test scores affect charter school parental value. Thus this research supports a basic tenet for competitive, market based public school improvement--parents choose academically effective schools. |
| Keywords: | Charter Schools, School Choice |
| JEL: | I21 |
| Date: | 2007–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:run:wpaper:2007-005&r=edu |
| By: | Marla Ripoll; Juan Carlos Cordoba |
| Abstract: | . . . |
| Date: | 2007–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pit:wpaper:311&r=edu |
| By: | Josselin Thuilliez (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - [CNRS : UMR8174] - [Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I]) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the link between P. Falciparum malaria - most of malaria morbidity and mortality is due to the malignant Plasmodium Falciparum - and primary education in terms of school performances at the macroeconomic stage. Cross-country regression analysis shows that the relation between school results (measured by repetition and completion rates) and the P. Falciparum malaria index is strong. The results implies that the achievement of the education Millennium Development Goals will require more than just focusing on expenditure in primary education. It does not imply that resources in education are unnecessary but that increasing resources in education and improving education resources management alone are unlikely to be sufficient. This paper suggests that health conditions and especially diseases that alter cognitive capacities of children such as malaria should be taken into account much more seriously. This study also sees the need to place emphasis on research that will improve the quality of interventions to prevent malaria. Specific education expenditure to face Malaria should be examined in addition to health policies. |
| Keywords: | Malaria incidence, human capital, development. |
| Date: | 2007–05–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:papers:halshs-00144666_v1&r=edu |
| By: | Ezzamel, Mahmoud Azmy (Cardiff Business School); Robson, Keith (Cardiff Business School); Edwards, Pam |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to examine the consequences of accounting intervention into institutionalized organizations in transition. The context for the study was the implementation of the 1988 Education Reform Act in England and Wales, known as the Local Management of Schools (LMS) Initiative, which devolved budgets from Local Education Authorities (LEAs) to individual schools. We develop the argument that the emergence of new accounting practices in institutions and the accompanying process of re-institutionalization is not inconsequential, but detail rather the accounting's re-presentation of teachers as costs does accompany a re-distribution of the authority and resources in schools and LEAs, thus implying that administrative changes and organizational actions are not decoupled. Our case study of institutional change focuses as an illustration on the example of school 'carry forwards' (budget under-spends) as we analyze the ability of accounting practices to influence legitimacy and cognition by stimulating new debates, according them increased visibility and endowing them with significance. We assess the contribution of our study to the further development of neo-institutionalist theory; in particular, we consider the new problems of cognitive legitimacy that arose between LEAs and schools, and examine their implications for institutionalized organizations. |
| Keywords: | neo-institutional theory; legitimation; cognition; educational field; budgeting |
| Date: | 2005–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdf:accfin:2005/1&r=edu |
| By: | Christian Morrisson; Fabrice Murtin |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a new dataset on educational attainment (primary, secondary and tertiary schooling) at the world level since 1870. Inequality in years of schooling is found to be rapidly decreasing, but we show that this result is completely driven by the decline in illiteracy. Then, we turn to inequality in human capital and focus on a Mincerian production function that accounts for diminishing returns to schooling. It explains the negative cross-country correlation between Mincerian returns to schooling and average schooling contrary to other functional forms. As a result, we show that world human capital inequality has increased since 1870, but does not exceed 10% of world income inequality. Next, we analyse the relationships between the national distributions of income and schooling. We show that human capital within countries exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve with respect to average schooling, namely a "Kuznets curve of education". We find that the usual Kuznets curve of income inequality is significant both in pooled and fixed-effects regressions over the period 1870-2000, and is robust to the inclusion of other variables in the regression such as schooling and human capital inequality. However, the "Kuznets effect" associated to GDP per capita is 4 times smaller in magnitude than the externality of average schooling favouring the decrease of income inequality within countries since 1870. |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pse:psecon:2007-12&r=edu |
| By: | José-Luis Raymond (Grup d'Anàlisi Econòmica Aplicada (GEAP), Departament d'Economia i Història Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona); José-Luis Roig (Grup d'Anàlisi Econòmica Aplicada (GEAP), Departament d'Economia Aplicada, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) |
| Abstract: | Empleando la Encuesta de Estructura Salarial se plantea una propuesta de estimación de externalidades de capital humano intraempresa que permite relajar las restricciones introducidas por las especificaciones que la literatura empírica existente ha usado. En concreto, la metodología propuesta evalúa las externalidades de capital humano aprovechando al máximo la variabilidad en la muestra, al permitir que todos los coeficientes de las ecuaciones estimadas varíen con el nivel de capital humano del establecimiento, relajando la hipótesis implícita de linealidad entre el efecto de externalidad y el nivel educativo de los individuos. |
| Keywords: | Externalities, Human Capital |
| JEL: | I2 J24 J31 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:xrp:wpaper:xreap2007-02&r=edu |
| By: | Eckhard Platen (School of Finance and Economics, University of Technology, Sydney); Renata Sidorowicz (School of Finance and Economics, University of Technology, Sydney) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to document some empirical facts related to log-returns of diversified world stock indices when these are denominated in different currencies. Motivated by earlier results, we have obtained the estimated distribution of log-returns for a range of world stock indices over long observation periods. We expand previous studies by applying the maximum likelihood ratio test to the large class of generalized hyperbolic distributions, and investigate the log-returns of a variety of diversified world stock indices in different currency denominations. This identifies the Student-t distribution with about four degrees of freedom as the typical estimated log-return distribution of such indices. Owing to the observed high levels of significance, this result can be interpreted as a stylized empirical fact. |
| Keywords: | diversified world stock index; growth optimal portfolio; log-return distribution; Student-t distribution; generalized hyperbolic distribution; likelihood ratio test |
| JEL: | G10 G13 |
| Date: | 2007–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uts:rpaper:194&r=edu |
| By: | Florida, Richard (George Mason University, US); Mellander, Charlotta (Jönköping International Business School (JIBS) and CESIS); Stolarick, Kevin (Carnegie Mellon University , US) |
| Abstract: | While there is a general consensus on the importance of human capital to regional development, debate has emerged around two key issues. The first involves the efficacy of educational versus occupational measures (i.e. the creative class) of human capital, while the second revolves around the factors that effect its distribution. We use structural equation models and path analysis to examine the effects of these two alternative measures of human capital on regional income and wages, and also to isolate the effects of tolerance, consumer service amenities, and the university on its distribution. We find that human capital and the creative class effect regional development through different channels. The creative class outperforms conventional educational attainment measures in accounting for regional labor productivity measured as wages, while conventional human capital does better in accounting for regional income. We find that tolerance is significantly associated with both human capital and the creative class as well as with wages and income. |
| Keywords: | Human Capital; Creative Class; Tolerance; Wages; Income; Regional Development |
| JEL: | J24 O30 R10 R20 |
| Date: | 2007–04–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0088&r=edu |
| By: | Badi H. Baltagi (Center for Policy Research, Maxwell School, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1020) |
| Abstract: | This paper updates Baltagi's (2003, Econometric Theory 19, 165-224) rankings of academic institutions by publication activity in econometrics from 1989-1999 to 1989-2005. This ranking is based on 16 leading international journals that publish econometrics articles. It is compared with the prior rankings by Hall (1980, 1987) for the period 1980-1988. In addition, a list of the top 150 individual producers of econometrics in these 16 journals over this 17-year period is provided. This is done for theoretical econometrics as well as all contributions in econometrics. Sensitivity analysis is provided using (i) alternative weighting factors given to the 16 journals taking into account impact citations, excluding self-citations, size and age of the journal, (ii) alternative time intervals, namely, (2000-2005), (1995-2005), and (1989-2005), (iii) alternative ranking using the number of articles published in these journals, (iv) separate rankings for both institutions and individuals by journal, (v) rankings for institutions and individuals based on publications in three core econometrics journals. This paper is forthcoming in Econometric Theory. |
| Keywords: | Econometrics rankings, Econometrics journals, Econometric theory, Applied econometrics. |
| JEL: | C01 |
| Date: | 2007–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:max:cprwps:94&r=edu |
| By: | Valentova, Marie (CEPS/INSTEAD); Krizova, Iva (Masaryk University Brno); Katrnak, Tomas (Masaryk University Brno) |
| Abstract: | The main aims of this article are to conduct a cross-national comparison of levels of occupational gender segregation and to examine the relation between the level of occupational gender segregation and gender segregation in education (both vertical and horizontal). The analyses include 18 European countries covered by the European Social Survey (ESS) conducted in 2004. The comparison pays a special attention to the position of the Czech Republic and differences and similarities between the EU-15 countries and the new EU member states, i.e. post-socialist countries. |
| Keywords: | gender segregation; occupational segregation ; cross-national segregatio |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irs:iriswp:2007-04&r=edu |