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on Demographic Economics |
| By: | Timothy Riffe (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany); Rustam Tursun-Zade (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany); Sergi Trias Llimós (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany) |
| Keywords: | Spain, mathematical demography, mortality, population composition |
| JEL: | J1 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dem:wpaper:wp-2024-029 |
| By: | Stelter, Robert; Baudin, Thomas |
| Abstract: | European fascist regimes have attached great importance to nationalistic families and designed policies to perpetuate them. Most offered policy packages with interest-free loans repayable through childbirth, along with allowances and tax deductions for large families. Using a difference-in-difference approach and Nazi Germany as a case study, we show that these policies may have counterproductive effects due to negative selection mechanisms in the marriage market. The excessive pressure to marry exerted on singles results in lower quality, ultimately less fertile, and more fragile unions. This finding is important as the main European far-right parties today propose reinstating these policy packages. |
| Keywords: | amily policies, Fascism and Nazism, Fertility, Marriage, Divorce, Female labor force participation |
| JEL: | N3 D1 J1 |
| Date: | 2024–09–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bsl:wpaper:2024/09 |
| By: | Ana Costa-Ramón; Ursina Schaede; Michaela Slotwinski; Anne Ardila Brenøe |
| Abstract: | The “child penalty” significantly reduces women’s lifetime earnings and pension savings, but it remains unclear whether these gaps are the deliberate result of forward-looking decisions. This paper provides novel evidence on the role of information constraints in mothers’ labor supply decisions. We first document descriptively that mothers are largely inattentive to the long-term financial consequences of reduced hours. In a large-scale field experiment that combines rich survey and administrative data, we then provide mothers with objective, individualized information about the long-run costs of reduced labor supply. The treatment increases demand for financial information and future labor supply plans, in particular among women who underestimate the long-term costs. Leveraging linked employer administrative data one year post-intervention, we observe that mothers who underestimate the long-term costs increase their labor supply by 6 percent over the mean. |
| JEL: | J16 J22 |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zur:econwp:452 |
| By: | Kristin F. Butcher; Deniz Civril; Sari Pekkala Kerr |
| Abstract: | We use the Longitudinal Business Database to examine the impact of state-level paid parental leave laws in California, New Jersey, and Rhode Island on firms. Our main estimation strategy uses multi-unit firms and compares within-firm changes in outcomes for establishments in treated and untreated states. We find that paid parental leave laws reduce employment in firms’ establishments in treated states. We investigate heterogeneity of the effects by pre-mandate share of workers in an industry that were women, and find that there is no systematic evidence that firms reduce employment more in industries with a higher share of women employees. |
| Keywords: | Paid Leave; Employment; Productivity |
| JEL: | H75 J13 J18 J21 J23 J31 J63 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedhwp:98827 |