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on Discrete Choice Models |
| By: | Chan Mono Oum (University of Waikato); Gazi M. Hassan (University of Waikato); Mark J. Holmes (University of Waikato) |
| Abstract: | Migration cost is a critical factor of human labour mobility, and little is known about how much migrant workers would pay for their foreign jobs. Previous studies do not capture the effects of direct worker-paid migration costs on migration decisions; the endeavour to ensure a positive return on migration thus remains a puzzling and new frontier in labour migration research. The paper investigates the effect of the direct monetary costs on formal or informal migration decisions of Cambodian labour migrants to Thailand, using unique data from a 422-household survey in Cambodia. The survey also includes data from 17 registered recruiting agencies that enable us to construct the alternative specific conditional logit model with alternative migration cost-specifics. After controlling for the endogenous costs of moving using the Control Function method, we find that reducing the total cost of labour migration lowers the probability of choosing irregular migration by 15.8 percentage points. The choice of regular or irregular migration is also determined by other factors such as destination countries' immigration policies, such as deportation, length of stay, and income. The labour migration policies should be revisited by considering these factors to curb the high migration cost. |
| Keywords: | costs of migration; regular migration; irregular migration; Cambodia |
| JEL: | F22 J08 R23 |
| Date: | 2021–06–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:21/06&r= |
| By: | Christophe Gaillac (TSE - Toulouse School of Economics - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Eric Gautier (TSE - Toulouse School of Economics - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies point identification of the distribution of the coefficients in some random coefficients models with exogenous regressors when their support is a proper subset, possibly discrete but countable. We exhibit trade-offs between restrictions on the distribution of the random coefficients and the support of the regressors. We consider linear models including those with nonlinear transforms of a baseline regressor, with an infinite number of regressors and deconvolution, the binary choice model, and panel data models such as single-index panel data models and an extension of the Kotlarski lemma. |
| Keywords: | Deconvolution AMS 2010 Subject Classification: Primary 62P20,Deconvolution,Random Coefficients,Quasi-analyticity,Identification,secondary 42A99,62G07,62G08 |
| Date: | 2021–05–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03231392&r= |
| By: | J.M.D. Sandamali Wijayarathne (University of Waikato); Gazi M. Hassan (University of Waikato); Mark J. Holmes (University of Waikato) |
| Abstract: | The United Nations' seventh Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) ensures universal access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy services for all by 2030. Modern or clean energy is perceived to be the golden thread that connects economic growth, human development, and environmental sustainability. However, one-third of the world's population still uses solid fuels for cooking, indicating the importance of switching from solid to clean fuels. This paper, therefore, analyses demographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristics that affect household-level cooking energy choices in Sri Lanka. Further, it identifies the synergies between SDG 4, SDG 6, and SDG 7. The data is obtained from the Sri Lankan Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) for 2009 - 2016, covering about 58,000 households. The results of the random effects panel multinomial logit model identify that household income, household wealth, education of head, age and education of spouse, household size, number of children, housing characteristics (number of bedrooms, water facilities, type of wall, floor, and roof), and residential sector are vital in the selection of clean cooking fuel. More specifically, Advanced Sustainability Analysis (ASA) results show SDG 4 and SDG 6 have a strong synergetic effect on SDG 7. The findings suggest the importance of taking the determinants of energy choice and the synergetic gains of the SDGs into account in formulating a comprehensive national energy policy. |
| Keywords: | energy;clean fuel;solid fuel;cooking;Sustainable Development Goal; SDG;synergies |
| JEL: | C25 F24 O13 Q01 Q42 R20 |
| Date: | 2021–06–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:21/05&r= |