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on Discrete Choice Models |
| By: | Masemola, M.; Ogundeji, A.; Chaminuka, P. |
| Abstract: | Emergence of livestock diseases pose a worldwide socio-economic threat to human and animal welfare. In the past years, South Africa has seen an increase in the extent and rate of various infectious livestock diseases. The continuous outburst in re-emerging infectious disease has created a demand for development of new improved novel livestock vaccines. However, sustainable use of livestock vaccines remains low, necessitating better understanding of farmers� demand and preferences. Using a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) approach, this studyinvestigated attributes influencing farmers` choice of livestock vaccines and their willingness to pay (WTP). Data were drawn from 204 respondents keeping cattle and small stock. The livestock vaccine attributes considered were; target specie, cold chain, multivalent, efficacy and price/50 doses. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and alternative-specific conditional logit model. Results show that farmers� preferred a vaccine that had the multivalent attribute, could be used on more than one species, and had higher levels of efficacy. Price was however not a significant determinant of the choices made. Positive WTP was estimated for the multivalent attribute and negative for low efficacy. These findings are vital to guide developers in producing vaccines that are more likely to benefit and attract smallholder farmers. |
| Keywords: | Discrete Choice Experiment, Willingness to pay, livestock vaccines and diseases; Livestock Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2018–09–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aeas18:284785&r=all |
| By: | Wakamatsu, Hiroki |
| Abstract: | This study estimates Japanese consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for several components of seafood sustainability. A choice experiment via a web survey is conducted among Japanese seafood consumers. In order to estimate WTP, a latent class model is employed to treat heterogeneity of consumer preference in addition to a basic conditional logit model. The latent class model resulted in separating consumers into two characteristic groups: nature-oriented and human-oriented groups. Neither group was found to be willing to pay for seafood sustainability even though they are somewhat concerned about seafood sustainability. Specifically, the nature-oriented group, which comprised 51% of our consumer sample, negatively evaluated fisheries management and preservation of tradition and culture but highly evaluated the environment and ecosystems. Meanwhile, the human-oriented group, which comprised 49% of our consumer sample, positively evaluated fisheries management and regionality, but negatively evaluated the environment and ecosystems. The differences between the groups are unrelated to education or income, but are related to seafood expense, age, family structure, and knowledge of sustainability. |
| Keywords: | best–worst scaling, choice experiment, consumer preference, seafood sustainability |
| JEL: | Q01 Q22 Q51 |
| Date: | 2019–02–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:92390&r=all |
| By: | Makweya, L.; Oluwatayo, I. |
| Abstract: | Consumers around the world are progressively becoming more concerned and aware about food standards, quality and safety issues. The purpose of this study was to determine consumers� preference regarding safe and quality beef and willingness to pay (WTP) for graded beef in Polokwane municipality. The research surveyed 150 consumers using a structured questionnaire to collect data on consumer characteristics and responses to different bid levels for graded beef. Analytical methods were descriptive statistics, Likert scales, contingent valuation method to evaluate respondents� mean WTP for graded beef and logit model to determine the dependence of WTP on socioeconomic factors. Results showed that consumers prefer their beef tender, with less fat and bones and labelled with price, grade/class, size or quantity of the product and lastly quality inspection or certification indicator. Over half of the respondents (53%) were aware of grading or classification systems. The results further revealed that most respondents are willing to pay an increase of 16.04 % over the current price for beef. This could be an opportunity for investments in beef label industry. Consumer characteristics including age, income, gender and household size significantly influenced WTP for graded beef in Polokwane Municipality. Marketing strategies considered by beef product investors should target young, female and wealthier consumers. Grading with respect to quality attributes would make beef sales at differentiated prices possible. This will eventually enhance sales volume and returns for all stakeholders along the value chain. |
| Keywords: | Food safety, Graded beef, Preference, Polokwane, Quality, Willingness to pay; Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2018–09–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aeas18:284743&r=all |
| By: | Zantsi, S.; Greyling, J.; Vink, N. |
| Abstract: | The South African Agricultural sector is dualistic nature, comprised of large scale commercial farmers (mostly white) on one hand and on the other smallholder farming mainly practiced by black rural households in the former homelands. The smallholder farming, however is not homogeneous. Mostly a distinction is made between subsistence orientated smallholders and fully commercial orientated smallholders. Lately a middle class of smallholders falling in between these two groups has been a subject of much academic study and a large concern of smallholder policies in the last two decades. However there is no consensus on the criteria of describing these emerging farmers-various authors use different methods without giving sufficient details of who these emerging farmers are. This could have adverse effects and can potentially jeopardize success of development initiatives intended for this group of farmers. This article seeks to contribute towards a common understanding of the term 'emerging farmer' hence the group of farmers it represents by identifying various measures used to describe these farmers and apply to a data set from a survey of 379 smallholders from the former homelands of the Eastern Cape. Finally, the paper suggest a criteria based on the argument of the identified measures. Key words: Emerging farmer, South Africa, Survey, Eastern Cape. |
| Keywords: | Farm Management |
| Date: | 2018–09–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aeas18:284733&r=all |
| By: | Ndibongo-Traub, L.; Jayne, R. |
| Abstract: | Growing global markets have created opportunities that much of sub-Saharan Africa has been leveraging through high-value export agriculture. The share of high-value agriculture (HVA) in total exports out of sub-Saharan Africa has increased from 8.4% in 2001 to 10.2% in 2016. This modest increase is far beneath SSA�s true potential. The emergence of domestic and international markets for high-value agricultural products presents opportunities for growth and development by providing farmers with increased economic returns and marketing opportunities. Smallholder farmers can particularly benefit from becoming better integrated into these markets for HVA. Using Ugandan household panel data, this study identifies the factors related to the decision to cultivate HVA and the households� marketing outcomes. A triple-hurdle model is employed to examine market-related decisions made by smallholder farmers beyond conventional approaches to market participation models. Results indicate that policies that encourage HVA market participation simultaneously increase the likelihood of non-producers of HVA to commence producing HVA and lead to greater levels of HVA sales in the market. The analysis reinforce findings that even highly resource-constrained smallholder farmers respond to market incentives and that government policies, by influencing these incentives, can fundamentally alter smallholder farmers� crop choice, surplus production decisions, and livelihoods. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2018–09–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aeas18:284740&r=all |
| By: | Adams, Abigail; Andrew, Alison |
| Abstract: | Rajasthani women typically leave school early and marry young. We develop a novel discrete choice methodology using hypothetical vignettes to elicit average parental preferences over a daughter's education and age of marriage, and subjective beliefs about the evolution of her marriage market prospects. We find parents have a strong preference for delaying a daughter's marriage until eighteen but no further. Conditional on a marriage match, parents place little intrinsic value on a daughter's education. However, they believe the probability of receiving a good marriage offer increases strongly with a daughter's education but deteriorates quickly with her age on leaving school. |
| Keywords: | early marriage; education; subjective expectations |
| JEL: | J12 J16 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13567&r=all |
| By: | Alzola, Agustina |
| Abstract: | En esta tesina, se analiza el consumo de verduras por parte de los jóvenes -entre 15 y 29 años- de la Ciudad de Mar del Plata. Para ello, se utilizaron datos provenientes de una encuesta sobre alimentación y hábitos saludables relevada durante el año 2014 -sólo se consideraron las repuestas de los encuestados pertenecientes al rango etario estudiado- y, también, se realizaron entrevistas a jóvenes residentes en dicha Ciudad. Primero, se realiza un análisis descriptivo, en el que se estudian las preferencias y elecciones de alimentación y los estilos de vida de los jóvenes. Luego, se estima un Modelo Logit Ordinal con el objetivo de identificar factores demográficos y socioeconómicos y hábitos que influyen en el consumo de verduras de los mismos. Por último, el análisis es complementado con entrevistas realizadas para estudiar las percepciones de los jóvenes respecto a la calidad de los alimentos consumidos y a los hábitos adoptados. Entre los principales resultados, se puede mencionar que los jóvenes reconocen la importancia del consumo de verduras frescas, sin embargo, su consumo es menor que el de los adultos; y que el barrio de residencia y el sexo del encuestado, así como el motivo por el que consume verduras frescas y la realización de actividad física, son factores que inciden en su consumo de verduras frescas. |
| Keywords: | Jóvenes; Consumo de Alimentos; Preferencias del Consumidor; Hortalizas; Mar del Plata; |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nmp:nuland:3061&r=all |