nep-dcm New Economics Papers
on Discrete Choice Models
Issue of 2007‒12‒01
three papers chosen by
Philip Yu
Hong Kong University

  1. Migration, Self-selection and Returns to Education in the WAEMU By Philippe De Vreyer; Flore Gubert; François Roubaud
  2. Das Hybride Wahlmodell und seine Anwendung im Marketing By Till Dannewald; Henning Kreis; Nadja Silberhorn
  3. Decisions about Pap tests: What influences women and providers? By Denzil Fiebig; Marion Haas; Ishrat Hossain; Rosalie Viney

  1. By: Philippe De Vreyer (Université de Lille II, DIAL); Flore Gubert (DIAL, IRD, Paris); François Roubaud (DIAL, IRD)
    Abstract: (english) We use a unique set of identical labour force surveys that allow to observe, at the same time, migrants in seven WAEMU countries and their country of origin's labour market. We use these data first to document the patterns of migration flows in the sub-region, second to estimate the determinants of migration behaviour across these countries and to correct the estimated returns to education for the endogeneity of location choice. We finally estimate a structural model to evaluate the impact of expected earnings differentials on the probability of selecting a particular country to reside in. Our results show that Cote d'Ivoire remains the most important immigration country in the sub-region. Our data also suggests that Mali and Burkina Faso have been and still are major labour-exporting countries, largely towards Cote d'Ivoire. Benin and Togo, by contrast, combine both emigration and immigration. Looking at migrants characteristics we find that migrants tend to be less educated than non migrants in both their origin and destination countries, are more likely than natives to work in the informal sector and that they receive lower wages. Our econometric results suggest that not holding account of international migration in estimating returns to education yields upward biased estimates in three countries out of seven and downward biased estimates in two others. However, disparities in returns to education between capital cities do not vanish, suggesting that country-specific amenities and other un-measurable non-wage variables play important roles in the location choice of individuals with different levels of education. We also find that expected earnings differentials have a very significant effect on the choice probabilities: all else equal, people tend to live in countries in which their expected earnings are higher than elsewhere. _________________________________ (français) Nous utilisons les données issues d'enquêtes réalisées simultanément dans sept capitales de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine pour documenter les caractéristiques des flux migratoires entre pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, puis pour estimer un modèle individuel de choix résidentiel faisant intervenir la différence de gains potentielle comme déterminant. Une estimation en trois étapes est réalisée qui permet de contrôler de l'auto-sélection des individus dans les différentes destinations. Nos résultats montrent que la Côte d'Ivoire demeure le premier pays d'accueil des migrants de la sous région, alors que le Burkina Faso et le Mali sont au contraire des pays d'émigration, principalement à destination de la Côte d'Ivoire. Le Bénin et le Togo sont à la fois des pays d'émigration et d'immigration. L'examen des caractéristiques des migrants montre qu'ils tendent à être moins éduqués que les non migrants, aussi bien dans leur pays d'origine que dans leur pays d'accueil, travaillent plus fréquemment dans le secteur informel et reçoivent une rémunération plus faible. Nos estimations économétriques montrent que la prise en compte de l'auto-sélection des individus dans les différentes destinations modifie les rendements estimés de l'éducation dans certains pays. Nous trouvons également que les différences de gains potentielles ont un impact très significatif sur les probabilités de choix et que, toutes autres choses égales par ailleurs, les individus tendent à vivre dans des pays où ils reçoivent des revenus plus élevés.
    Keywords: International migration, Wage differentials,Discrete regressions, qualitative choice models, Migrations internationales, Différences de salaires, Régressions sur variables discrètes, modèles de choix qualitatifs.
    JEL: F22 C35 J31 O15
    Date: 2007–10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200710&r=dcm
  2. By: Till Dannewald; Henning Kreis; Nadja Silberhorn
    Abstract: Traditional choice models assume that observable behavior results from an unspecified evaluation process of the observed individual. When it comes to the revelation of this process mere choice models rapidly meet their boundaries, as psychological factors (e.g., consumers’ perception or attitudes towards products) are not directly measurable variables and therefore cannot offhand be integrated within the model structure. The causal-analytic approach offers the possibility to specify not directly measurable factors as latent variables, and can thus reasonable supplement choice models. So far, methodological approaches investigating latent variables, and traditional choice models are perceived and applied independently of one another. In this paper the possibilities of an integration of latent variables into traditional choice models is pointed out, and an introduction into the modeling of hybrid choice models is provided. Furthermore, potential areas of application in marketing research are outlined.
    Keywords: Hybrid choice model, latent variables, causal model, choice model
    JEL: M30 C51 C10
    Date: 2007–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2007-062&r=dcm
  3. By: Denzil Fiebig (University of NSW); Marion Haas (CHERE, University of Technology, Sydney); Ishrat Hossain (CHERE, University of Technology, Sydney); Rosalie Viney (CHERE, University of Technology, Sydney)
    Abstract: Despite the success internationally of cervical screening programs debate continues about optimal program design. This includes increasing participation rates among under-screened women, reducing unnecessary early re-screening, improving accuracy of and confidence in screening tests, and determining the cost-effectiveness of program parameters, such as type of screening test, screening interval and target group. For all these issues, information about consumer and provider preferences and insight into the potential impact of any change to program design on consumer and provider behaviour are essential inputs into evidence-based health policy decision making. This paper reports the results of discrete choice experiments to investigate women?s choices and providers? recommendations in relation to cervical screening in Australia. Separate experiments were conducted with women and general practitioners, with attributes selected to allow for investigation of interaction between women?s and providers? preferences and to determine how women and general practitioners differ in their preferences for common attributes. The results provide insight into the agency relationship in this context. Our results indicate a considerable commonality in preferences but the alignment was not complete. Women put relatively more weight on cost, chance of a false positive and if the recommended screening interval were changed to one year.
    Keywords: Cervical Screening; Discrete choice experiments; Agency relationships, Consumer preferences
    JEL: I10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:her:chewps:2007/11&r=dcm

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