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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Güngen, Ali Rıza; Akçay, Ümit |
| Abstract: | Analysis of the growth patterns in the global South in the 21st century suggests there is room for authoritarian states to search for new growth models. Authoritarian states, such as Turkey and Egypt, benefited from global financial circumstances in the early 21st century and opted for new growth models in the 2010s, suppressing political space further. To explain the changes in growth models amid the strength of reinforced authoritarianisms in these two countries, we employ a hybrid research strategy consisting of critical macroeconomic analysis and a critical political economy approach, tying growth model changes to conflicts within the power bloc. Peripheral goods producers gained the upper hand in Turkey in this period, while a military takeover in Egypt was followed by the promotion of exports and new investments in the mid-to-late 2010s. We contend that power bloc reconfigurations and the rise of new growth strategies led to the change in Turkey's growth model during the Covid-19 pandemic and the quasi-shift in Egypt's growth model in the late 2010s. |
| Keywords: | Comparative political economy, growth models, growth strategies, Turkey, Egypt |
| JEL: | B52 E65 E66 F43 O43 P52 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:2062023 |
| By: | Angela Greulich (CRIS - Centre de recherche sur les inégalités sociales (Sciences Po, CNRS) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUF - Institut Universitaire de France - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche); Aurélien Dasré (CRESPPA - Centre de recherches sociologiques et politiques de Paris - UP8 - Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | We test in how far women's economic participation can be associated with physical and/or sexual domestic violence against women in Turkey, by mobilizing the Survey "National Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey" (wave 2014). Several studies found that economically active women have a similar, if not a higher risk of experiencing domestic violence than inactive women in Turkey, as well as in other emerging countries. We challenge these findings for Turkey by distinguishing between formal and informal labor market activities as well as between women who do not work because their partner does not allow them to and women who are inactive for other reasons. To increase the control for endogeneity in this cross-sectional setting, we apply an IV-approach based on cluster averages. We find that, while overall employment for women cannot be associated with a lower risk of experiencing domestic violence for women in Turkey, those women who participate in the formal labor market and those women who contribute at least the same as their partner to household income are less exposed to physical and/or sexual domestic violence than their counterparts. Distinguishing between formal and informal employment is thus important when it comes to investigate the association between women's economic activity and domestic violence. This is especially the case in a country like Turkey, which currently undergoes important socioeconomic changes and where women in formal and informal employment have therefore very different socioeconomic backgrounds. |
| Date: | 2022–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-03959678 |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | The Kyrgyz Republic is facing significant policy challenges stemming from multiple shocks: the anticipated spillovers from the projected contraction in Russia; the global slowdown; global financial tightening; and still-high food and energy prices. Strong output growth in 2022 was a positive surprise, but elevated inflation remains persistent, the current account and fiscal deficits have widened, international reserves have declined, and poverty has increased. In view of heightened uncertainty, policy buffers that were eroded in addressing the pandemic need to be rebuilt. |
| Date: | 2023–02–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/091 |