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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | In response to a request from the National Bank of Georgia (NBG), and with the support of the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF’s) Middle East and Central Asia Department, a financial accounts (FA) and financial soundness indicators (FSIs) technical assistance (TA) mission visited Tbilisi, Georgia, during September 18–29, 2017. The mission complemented the work of the October 2016 TA mission on financial and sectoral accounts. Its main objectives were to assist the NBG in: (i) compiling and disseminating quarterly FA by institutional sector; (ii) compiling and disseminating flow-based monetary statistics for the central bank and other depository corporations (ODCs); (iii) producing a quarterly balance sheet approach (BSA) matrix; (iv) reviewing the source data and compilation methodology of FSIs; and (v) improving the reporting frequency of FSIs. |
| Date: | 2018–03–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:18/60&r=cwa |
| By: | Elena Petrenko (SUSU - South Ural State University); Nurlan Iskakov (Almaty Management University); Oleg Metsyk (Institute of Economics, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences); Tatyana Khassanova (SUSU - South Ural State University) |
| Abstract: | Favorable ecosystem of entrepreneurship plays crucial role for successful development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their sustainability. One of preconditioms of encouraging business environment is its' stability, and trust in long-term stability. Meanwhile the global economic crisis has created a state of economic and political instability, what consequently affected trust of business entities, and therefore contributed to increase of social and economic risks. The article discusses the decline of trust in the entrepreneurship of Kazakhstan, examines the causes and consequences of loss of confidence as an important institutional resource. |
| Keywords: | state,corruption,SMEs,entrepreneurship ecosystem,trust,business risks,economics,Kazakhstan |
| Date: | 2017–09–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01724560&r=cwa |
| By: | Hlalefang Khobai (Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela University) |
| Abstract: | The study purposes to investigate the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Turkey using annual data covering the period 1990–2014. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is applied and the findings suggest existence of a long run relationship among the variables. The ARDL long run estimation results discovered that renewable energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. The results from the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) reveals that there is a unidirectional causality flowing from economic growth to renewable energy consumption without feedback. This findings bring a fresh perspective for policy makers for long run and sustainable economic development in Turkey. |
| Keywords: | Renewable energy consumption, Economic growth, Causality, Turkey |
| JEL: | D04 Q47 Q42 Q01 |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mnd:wpaper:1807&r=cwa |