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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Nikoloz Kudashvili |
| Abstract: | While discrimination in the marketplace is well documented in empirical studies, field experiments have been less successful in identifying the sources of discrimination. This paper documents experimental evidence of the extent and nature of discrimination in the Georgian land market. The experiment is designed to uncover sources of statistical discrimination due to different beliefs about foreign investors. Discrimination is measured by the difference in price offers to foreign and Georgian investors. We find that the magnitude of discrimination shrinks significantly once foreign investors signal their willingness to search and pay the lease price in advance. This suggests that discrimination is largely driven by stereotypes about search costs and payment reliability of foreign investors - leaving no or very little preference-based discrimination. Knowing the source of discrimination can be helpful for policy makers to frame anti-discriminatory legislation.Creation-Date: 2018-02 |
| Keywords: | preference based discrimination; statistical discrimination; |
| JEL: | C93 J15 Q15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp612&r=cwa |
| By: | Lant Pritchett (Center for International Development at Harvard University); Masoomeh Khandan (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | A long-standing literature in the sociology of organizations (e.g., DiMaggio and Powell 1983) suggests that, as change agents face uncertainty about actions and outcomes, they often seek legitimacy through isomorphism: adopting structures, policies and reforms similar (at least in appearance) to those deemed successful elsewhere. We examine history’s most rapid reduction of fertility—from 8.4 in 1985 to 2.4 in 2002, in rural Iran—as an example of successful autonomous reform. The Iranian state, which was self-consciously cut off from nearly all of the traditional vectors of global isomorphism, initiated a successful behavioral change in a domain (family planning) perhaps unexpected for an Islamic state. We describe and explain the Iranian approach, in particular the rural program, contrasting it with the global strategy of adopting universal "best practices." |
| Keywords: | Iran, Fertility |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cid:wpfacu:338&r=cwa |
| By: | Mariam El Hamiani Khatat |
| Abstract: | Two types of currency in circulation models are identified: (1) a first generation derived from the theory of money demand and (2) a second generation aimed at producing daily forecasts of currency in circulation. In this paper, we transform the currency demand function into a VAR to capture the dynamic link between interest rates and the demand for cash. We also apply ARIMA modeling to forecast the daily currency in circulation for Brazil, Kazakhstan, Morocco, New Zealand, and Sudan. Our empirical work shows that some of the conclusions in the economic literature on the impact of interest rates on the demand for currency do not necessarily hold, and that central banks would benefit from running both generations of currency in circulation models. The fundamental longer-run determinants of the demand for cash are distinct from its short-run determinants. |
| Date: | 2018–02–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:18/28&r=cwa |
| By: | Abuselidze, George |
| Abstract: | In the last decade of XX century, has expanded the area of capital movements, which included the former socialist countries. Thus, the countries that are attracting some of the centers of the capital and at the same time, participate in the export of capital, it is impossible not to have engaged in a global economy. Our country has been greatly involved in the processes of globalization. At the same time, Georgia's future development will depend on how the country is adapting to globalization with the need for policy implementation, the political, economic and organizational actuating levers. In this regard, the need for more emphasis on the intellectual forces of international finance - financial institutions with their own interests, the use of integrated approaches to economic development, high rates of achievement, social and economic policy harmonization, social inequality mitigation. Finally, the orientation of foreign economic priorities have to be organic in conjunction with the ongoing processes, it must define the strategic objectives of the national economy. |
| Keywords: | Public Finance,Financial Aspects,Economic Integration,Macroeconomic Policy,Fiscal Policy |
| JEL: | F36 H30 E60 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:175659&r=cwa |