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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Park, Joungho (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Kang, Boogyun (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Min, Jiyoung (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Yun, ChiHyun (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Gwun, Kawon (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Khon, Yevgeniy (Central Asia Institute for Strategic Studies) |
| Abstract: | Amid global economic uncertainties arising from prolonged oil prices, China’s economic slowdown, and increased protectionist US trade policies, the Central Asian governments are developing and pursuing individual eco-nomic development strategies which reflect their own socio-economic characteristics and key policy goals. Central Asia’s three resource-rich countries, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, have several common obstacles threatening further economic growth: inadequate transpor-tation and logistics networks due to land-locked locations, high dependency on primary commodity exports, among others. Thus their economic development strategies aim to pro-mote economic diversification for sustainable growth. The purpose of this study is to focus on Ka-zakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, ana-lyzing the new economic development strate-gies of these countries, and to discover oppor-tunities and demand for economic cooperation. |
| Keywords: | Economic Development Strategies; Major Central Asian Countries; Resource-rich countries; Economic Cooperation |
| Date: | 2017–12–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwe:2017_025&r=cwa |
| By: | Ayşe Abbasoğlu Özgören (Department of Demography, Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, Ankara, Turkey); Banu Ergöçmen (Department of Demography, Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, Ankara, Turkey); Aysıt Tansel (Department of Economics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Bonn, Germany; Economic Research Forum (ERF) Cairo, Egypt) |
| Abstract: | The relationship between fertility and employment among women is a challenging topic that requires further exploration, especially for developing countries where the micro and macro evidence fails to paint a clear picture. This study analyzes the two-way relationship between women’s employment and fertility in Turkey using a hazard approach with piece-wise constant exponential modelling, using data from the 2008 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that makes use of an event history analysis to analyze this relationship within a developing country context. Specifically, a separate analysis is made of the association between the employment statuses of women in their first, second, third, and fourth and higher order conceptions, and the association of fertility and its various dimensions with entry and exit from employment. The findings suggest that a two-way negative association exists between fertility and employment among women in Turkey, with increasing intensities identified among some groups of women. Our findings also cast light on how contextual changes related to the incompatibility of the roles of worker and mother have transformed the fertility-employment relationship in Turkey, in line with propositions of the role incompatibility hypothesis. |
| Keywords: | Fertility, Employment, Women, Event History Analysis, Turkey. |
| JEL: | C41 J13 J16 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:met:wpaper:1716&r=cwa |
| By: | Aurélien Dasré (Université Paris-Nanterre- Cresppa-GTM)& Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques - INED); Angela Greulich (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne & Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques - INED); Ceren Inan (French Ministry of Education and Research (SIES)) |
| Abstract: | This paper identifies motors and barriers for combatting domestic violence against women in Turkey – a country where modernism and conservatism are in constant interplay. We combine information from the Demographic Health Surveys and the Turkish Domestic Violence Survey and distinguish between controlling behavior, physical and sexual violence. Our empirical analysis tests how far a woman's intra-household decision making power (as measured by her education, her activity status, her income etc.) bears the potential to reduce her risk of experiencing domestic violence in Turkey. The analysis takes into account contextual factors as well as partner and household characteristics. We find that women's participation in the labor market does not, on its' own, reduce women's risk of experiencing intimate partner violence, but an egalitarian share of economic resources between spouses in likely to protect women against domestic violence. This finding has two important implications: First, higher education enabling women to access formal wage employment allows women not only to gain economic independence, but also to freely choose their partner. Second, unstable economic conditions that harm earning opportunities for men are an important risk factor for couples to experience conflits that can result in domestic violence against women. Against the background of the recent economic crisis that comes hand in hand with a backlash of gender and family norms in Turkey, our results highlight the need of policy action in this field |
| Keywords: | Violence against women; gender; economics |
| JEL: | J1 J12 J16 J18 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:17052&r=cwa |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Armenia has made significant strides in enhancing macroeconomic stability over the past two decades. This has recently come under strain. Before a full recovery from the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) could take root, a second wave of external shocks, resulting from the slowdown in Russia and the ensuing sharp currency depreciation, buffeted the economy. Armenian public finances have deteriorated steadily since 2013, triggering the debt brake mechanism in 2016. |
| Keywords: | Armenia;Middle East; |
| Date: | 2017–11–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:17/330&r=cwa |
| By: | Joaquin Iglesias; Alvaro Ortiz; Tomasa Rodrigo |
| Abstract: | We apply the natural language processing or computational linguistics (NLP) to the analysis of the communication policy (i.e statements and minutes) of the Central Bank of Turkey (CBRT). While previous literature has focused on Developed countries, we extend the NLP analysis to the Central Banks of the Emerging Markets using the Dynamic Topic Modelling approach. |
| Keywords: | Working Paper , Central Banks , Digital economy , Economic Analysis , Emerging Economies , Turkey |
| JEL: | E52 E58 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bbv:wpaper:1724&r=cwa |
| By: | Ceren Baysan |
| Abstract: | Many claim that increased availability of information via both old and new media drives political polarization, possibly undermining democratic institutions. However, rigorous evidence on this topic remains limited. I address this gap by conducting two experiments during a recent Turkish referendum that was on an important institutional change to weaken constraints on the executive. First, I designed a randomized door-to-door campaign. In this campaign, the opposition party gave uniform information on poor economic performance and increased terrorist activity under the incumbent's leadership to more than 130,000 voters. I show that voters, despite receiving the same information, diverged further in their vote choice on aggregate, leading to a significant increase in ideological polarization. The result is consistent with a model where polarization in vote choice is driven by differences in reaction to the same information and not self-segregation to different information sources, as others have assumed. The opposition failed to increase its vote share in this campaign, on aggregate, because it lacked the necessary data to target the subset of constituents that interpreted the information in their favor. In a second experiment with politicians, I confirm that the opposition had inadequate data on voters relative to the incumbent based on an analysis of roughly one million of their tweets. The evidence from both experiments, taken together, suggests that the incumbent party can exploit its access to higher quality data on voters to maintain its grip on power and advance an agenda that weakens democratic checks and balances. |
| JEL: | D80 D83 D72 P26 |
| Date: | 2017–12–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jmp:jm2017:pba1551&r=cwa |