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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Torun, Huzeyfe (Central Bank of Turkey); Tumen, Semih (Central Bank of Turkey) |
| Abstract: | Although the season of birth variable is often used as an instrumental variable to estimate the rate of returns to schooling in the labor economics literature, there is an emerging consensus that the season of birth is systematically associated with later outcomes in life such as the educational and labor market success; thus, it is highly likely non-random. Using a large micro-level data set from Turkey, we argue that the degree of this non-randomness can be even larger in a developing-country context. Specifically, we show that around 20 percent of all individuals in Turkey have January as their month of birth due to a combination of geographical, seasonal, institutional, and idiosyncratic factors that lead to misreporting. We further document that being January-born strongly predicts worse socio-economic outcomes in later life. We show that this can be a serious problem in evaluating policies that define eligibility based on the month of birth – such as compulsory schooling and compulsory military service laws that set the eligibility birth date cutoff as the January 1st. We confirm the validity of this concern based on a series of regression discontinuity design exercises. We conclude that, in a developing-country context, additional caution should be exercised when using the season-of-birth variable as a statistical tool. |
| Keywords: | season-of-birth effects, IV, education, earnings, family background, misreporting |
| JEL: | C26 I26 J13 |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10203&r=cwa |
| By: | Kalenjyan, S. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Solntsev, V.I. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Vardapetyan, V.V. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Gumilevskaya, Olga (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The description of the approaches to the formation of the complex methods and tools for designing strategic plans for the cluster and innovation development of the regions to improve the efficiency of regional development programs in accordance with the system of multi-level priorities. Proposed methodology for assessing the quality and level of innovation and cluster development of regions on the basis of studying the experience of the individual regions of Russia and Kazakhstan. The results can be used to improve the work of regional and federal levels of strategic planning in the Russian Federation. |
| Keywords: | cluster development, innovation development, Russia, Kazakhstan |
| Date: | 2016–06–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:2863&r=cwa |
| By: | Shagaida, Natalia (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper discusses the methods of state regulation of the involvement of rural land for the construction of the example of foreign and Russian experience. Tools used in the United States, Uzbekistan, analyzed from the perspective of the feasibility of the use of analogues in Russia. A review of the organization of work on controlled use of farmland for the purposes of housing construction in the Belgorod region. It analyzes the activities of the Federal Fund sodeyst-tions Housing (RHD) with the risk position of agriculture and to ensure the reduction of barriers to housing access. |
| Keywords: | state regulation, rural land, construction, Uzbekistan, Russia, USA |
| Date: | 2016–06–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:2864&r=cwa |