|
on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; Goetz, Linde; Akramov, Kamiljon; Dorosh, Paul; Glauben, Thomas |
| Abstract: | Studies on food price transmission and market integration, particularly in less developed countries, have received increased attention since the recent so-called ‘food crises’. They help us understand implications of price relationships in different markets on food security and livelihoods in food insecure countries in an interconnected world. However, despite wide coverage of areas, Central Asia received limited exposure. This paper aims to fill this gap and study wheat market integration and price transmission in Tajikistan, the most food insecure country in Central Asia. In particular, in this study we measure how well wheat market prices in Tajikistan are integrated with international and regional markets, as well as domestically with each other. Subsequently, we assess the nature of price transmission between these markets. Using horizontal price transmission analysis we specifically focus on asymmetric price relationships, a.k.a. rockets and feathers, between different markets. |
| Keywords: | Food security, market integration, price transmission, Central Asia, Tajikistan, Food Security and Poverty, Q11, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae15:211786&r=cwa |
| By: | Mirzabaev, Alisher; Tsegai, Daniel |
| Abstract: | Higher weather volatility may be reflected in higher incidences of weather shocks. Weather shocks could potentially affect the supply of agricultural commodities and their prices. In this study, the effects of weather shocks on agricultural commodity prices in Central Asia are investigated at the provincial scale using monthly data for the period of 2000-2010. The study uses an estimation method, where the idiosyncratic components of the variables are analyzed using Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) panel regression in the presence of cross-sectional dependence and serial autocorrelation. The analysis indicates that weather volatility and, especially, the fluctuations in the availability of irrigation water have statistically significant effects on wheat prices in Central Asia. Weather shocks, involving lower than usual temperatures and precipitation amounts, could create favorable conditions for higher wheat prices in the region. |
| Keywords: | weather and price shocks, Central Asia, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, O13, Q11, Q54, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae15:212466&r=cwa |
| By: | Djanibekov, Utkur; Finger, Robert |
| Abstract: | In Uzbekistan cotton production substantially contributes to GDP. The cotton is produced based on the cotton procurement policy, according to which farmers have to allocate half of their land for cotton and produce certain amount of cotton. However, cotton yields are uncertain. Lower than expected cotton production by farms can be considered as inefficient farm. Because farmers lease land from the state, failure to deliver the cotton output lead to adjustment in its scale of operations – a process called farm optimization. Reduction in farm size of one farmer leads that the area of more efficient farmer that accomplished the cotton production increases. The study aims to develop policies that can improve cotton production and farm incomes. For this we developed a dynamic recursive model that considers variability and farm adjustments. We showed that variability influences farm sizes and due to farm size changes the income inequality may widen among farms. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae15:211829&r=cwa |
| By: | Tayebi, Zahra; Onel, Gulcan |
| Abstract: | The main purpose of this paper is to study if two major microcredit programs, namely Women Microcredit Funds (WMF) and Self-Help Groups (SHG), in Southern Iran reach rural poor and vulnerable households. We use primary panel data that consist of monthly consumption and income information for 280 households. The results showed that although both programs are successful at reaching poor, evidence on propensity of vulnerable households joining programs is relatively limited. Furthermore, results indicate that vulnerable households are more likely to join SHG, while poor households mostly choose to join WMF program. |
| Keywords: | Microcredit Programs, Poverty, Vulnerability, Iran, Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development, |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea16:230116&r=cwa |
| By: | Nader Habibi (Brandeis University); GholamReza Keshavarz Haddad (Haddad) |
| Abstract: | In this article we estimate the wage difference between over-educated and adequately educated workers in a sample of semi-skilled and low skill occupations in Iran’s labor market. Our results show that the over-educated workers in these job categories enjoy a wage premium in the range of 10% to 25% for their excess education. While this relative advantage has gradually declined for private sector employees over (2001-2014), it has remained stable for public sector jobs. The result is attributable to the fact that salary and benefits for public sector employees are directly linked to education attainment and their work experience. Our findings offer an explanation for the strong desire of Iranian youth for university education. If a university graduate finds a job that matched her specialization she will enjoy a higher salary than a high school graduate. If she cannot find an adequate job and has to accept a job for which she is over-educated, she still enjoys a wage premium over her co-workers who are not over-educated. We observe that the over-education wage premium is larger for public sector employees. |
| Keywords: | wages, over-education, average treatment effect, propensity score matching, Iran |
| JEL: | J45 J31 I26 I23 C54 |
| Date: | 2016–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:brd:wpaper:105&r=cwa |
| By: | Ayse ARAT (Selcuk University, Faculty Of Law) |
| Abstract: | As a member of the family, the relationship of the child with the parents is considered in custody institution. But, how should the relationship be established with the other parent of the child if custody is given to one of the parents due to the termination of family relationship? If this condition is left to the initiative of the parents with the custody, especially in cases where an abrasive divorce process is experienced, it can lead to the use of children as a revenge tool. At this point, with the idea that it is to the benefit of the child to establish relationship with both parents even if separately, the legislator has made a legal regulation on this issue (TCL. Art. 323-324). According to the regulation mentioned, each of the parents has the right to request the establishment of appropriate personal relationship with the child who is not under his/her custody or is not given to him/her. But not only parents, third parties other than those, for example a grandparent may request to establish a personal relationship with the child in such a case. Turkish Civil Code allows a third person to establish a personal relationship with the child to the extent that it is to the benefit of the child (TCL. Art. 325). In our study issues of the conditions under which children can establish relationships with third parties, who can be accepted in this context and how to provide this relationship are considered. |
| Keywords: | Turkish Civil Law, Family Law, Custody |
| JEL: | K36 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:3506053&r=cwa |
| By: | Dilber Ulas (Ankara University, Faculty of Political Sciences); Arcan Tuzcu (Ankara University, Faculty of Political Science); Esra Satıcı (Republic of Turkey, General Directorate of Highways) |
| Abstract: | Ankara University TÖMER (Ankara University Turkish and Foreign Languages Research and Application Center) has been established as “Turkish Education Center†in 1984 for the purpose of performing service on the issue of teaching foreign students a large number of languages, primarily the Turkish language. As from the date TÖMER has started its activities until today, numerous public and private qualified establishments wishing to benefit from the value carried by the name TÖMER, sought for using this name. Ankara University, is the pioneer establishment which is the creator of the name TÖMER and which contributed that name in gaining dignity and value. In order to protect this name Ankara University, for the registration of TÖMER brand name made an application to Turkish Patent Institute on 25.05.2010, the form of “Ankara University TÖMER 1984†has been registered on 19.07.2013 and the name TÖMER has been registered on 13.08.2013. With the completion of the registration process, the rights of usage of TÖMER brand name has been solely pertained to Ankara University. TÖMER has spreaded to countrywide with nine branches and one entity established abroad, continue their education and research activities. TÖMER gives Turkish courses in Ankara (Kızılay and YeniÅŸehir), Istanbul (Taksim and Kadıköy), İzmir, Antalya, Adana, Bursa and Samsun branches. Also TOMER provides contribution to foreign language teaching field in Turkey. The employees skills and knowledge which provide the competitive advantage for an organisation. The aim of this study is to understand how TÖMER brand is interpreted from the employee’s ideas, feelings, emotions in relation to brand experience. In order to investigate employee based brand equity, focus group has been conducted. For this reason the strengths and weaknesses of TÖMER revealed through SWOT analysis in focus groups using six branch of TÖMER. We analyzed data by grouping respondents’ answers, classified answers into categories and prepared a report. Thus, the tools enabling the elimination of the weaknesses for decision makers, and enabling the use of strengths more effectively as a competitive tool, could be developed. |
| Keywords: | employee based brand equity, brand loyalty, brand identity, SWOT, focus group. |
| JEL: | M31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:ibmpro:3406030&r=cwa |