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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Mohamad Taghvaee, Vahid; Seifi Aloo, Alireza; Khodaparast Shirazi, Jalil |
| Abstract: | Nobody on the planet is going to be untouched by the impacts of climate change. This study aims to arrange the various socioeconomic elasticities of environmental pollution in order of priority, depending on the length of time period, to establish the most effective policy. We employed a simultaneous equations system to find out the various socioeconomic elasticities in the long run and short run in Iran during 1974-2012. Based on the results, per capita CO2 emissions, GDP, energy consumption show the strongest interactions (relationships and elasticities) in the equations system as a whole in the long run. Moreover, it is the trade openness, labour force, financial development, and urbanization which show the most decisive effects in the short run. So the effectiveness of the system variables depends on the time period. Trade openness, labour force, and financial development play the most leading role in the short run, notwithstanding their limited role in the long run. However, energy consumption elasticity of CO2 emissions and urbanization elasticity of energy consumption are among the largest elasticities both in short run and long run. Therefore, energy consumption, economic growth and urbanization should be reduced and financial sector should be grown to decrease the environmental pollution. Moreover, economic growth is an effective factor for the long run; and trade openness and financial development are effective for the short run but urbanization and energy consumption are influential for both the long run and short run policies. |
| Keywords: | Energy Consumption; Environmental Pollution; Economic Growth |
| JEL: | Q4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:70508&r=cwa |
| By: | Sirma Demir Șeker; Stephen P. Jenkins |
| Abstract: | This paper provides new evidence about poverty trends in Turkey between 2003 and 2012 and the factors accounting for them. We give particular attention to issues of statistical inference, and the choice of the poverty line and the poverty measure. Our robust conclusion is that absolute poverty declined rapidly between 2003 and 2008 but fell only slightly between 2008 and 2012. Changes in relative poverty were negligible throughout. Using decomposition methods, we argue that the declines in the absolute poverty rate are largely accounted for by changes in the rate of economic growth rather than by distributional changes or changes in population composition. |
| Keywords: | poverty; Turkey; poverty dominance; consumption; basic needs; poverty line; poverty decomposition |
| JEL: | C12 D31 I32 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:61012&r=cwa |
| By: | Sunil Kumar; Melissa Fernández |
| JEL: | N0 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:65861&r=cwa |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Each year SIGMA produces assessment reports as a contribution to the EC's annual reports on EU candidate countries and potential candidates, as well as to its programming of technical assistance. These reports assess progress made in public administration reform by our beneficiary countries. The report for Turkey analyses and takes stock of progress achieved by this country in 2014, with an aim to also provide inputs into its reform agenda. It focuses on public finance management and public procurement. |
| Date: | 2014–04–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:govaaf:2014/2-en&r=cwa |
| By: | Rashidghalam, Masoomeh (University of Tabriz); Heshmati, Almas (Jönköping University, Sogang University); Dashti, Ghader (University of Tabriz); Pishbahar, Esmail (University of Tabriz) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, it compares the performance of various panel data models in estimating technical efficiency in production. Second, it applies various stochastic frontier panel data models to estimate the technical efficiency of Iran's cotton production and to provide empirical evidence on the sources of technical inefficiency of cotton producing provinces. The results indicate that labor and seeds are determinants of cotton production and inorganic fertilizers result in reducing technical efficiency. The mean technical efficiency of the models is around 80 percent. Variations in the distribution of estimated efficiency amongst the different models is large. |
| Keywords: | technical efficiency, labor use, panel data modeling, time-variant, persistent inefficiency, individual heterogeneity, model comparison, cotton production, Iran |
| JEL: | C23 D24 Q12 |
| Date: | 2016–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9807&r=cwa |