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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Dan Finn; Rebekka Grun; Katia Herrera-Sosa; Herwig Immervoll; Cristobal Ridao-Cano; Gokce Uysal; Ahmet Levent Yener |
| Keywords: | Work and Working Conditions Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Policies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets |
| Date: | 2013–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21124&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Secondary Education Teaching and Learning Education - Education For All Education - Primary Education Tertiary Education |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21101&r=cwa |
| By: | Kan, Viktoriya |
| Abstract: | This paper considers the economic factors behind major differences that emerged in the extent of development of SMEs in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan during the transition period. Taking into account problems of the Soviet-type centrally planned economic system as its initial conditions and using primary sources including laws and regulations, as well as data sources including the national statistical agencies for each country, the paper analyzes the determinants of development trends for SMEs across these three countries. Special attention is paid to macroeconomic factors such as the initial level of development of cooperatives, the impact of transition policies on business activity, the initial level of industrialization, and some demographic factors related to both demand- and supply-side determinants of entrepreneurship that are implicated in either inhibiting or promoting SME development during the transition period in each country. |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:cisdps:639&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank; Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Economy |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction - Access of Poor to Social Services Poverty Reduction - Equity and Development Poverty Reduction - Inequality Poverty Reduction - Poverty Monitoring & Analysis |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21324&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development - Access to Finance International Economics and Trade - Trade Policy Economic Theory ; Research Private Sector Development - E-Business Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Markets and Market Access |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21103&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Curriculum and Instruction Access and Equity in Basic Education Education - Primary Education Education - Education For All Tertiary Education |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21326&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank Group |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Subnational Economic Development Public Sector Expenditure Policy Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets Public Sector Economics Public Sector Development Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Taxation & Subsidies |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21063&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policies Transport Economics Policy and Planning Social Protections and Labor - Labor Policies Economic Theory and Research Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets Environment Transport Macroeconomics and Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21421&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development - Currencies and Exchange Rates Private Sector Development - Emerging Markets Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets Macroeconomics and Economic Growth Environment Environment - Environmental Economics & Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Economic Theory & Research |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21084&r=cwa |
| By: | Olga Kupets (Associate Professor, Department of Economics, National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the incidence and determinants of education‐job vertical mismatch in four non-EU transition economies, namely Armenia, Georgia, Macedonia and Ukraine. It uses cross‐section data from the recent World Bank’s Skills toward Employment and Productivity (STEP) surveys of working-age urban population and applies several methods of measuring the incidence of education‐job mismatch. The particular interest is to examine whether the young generation that acquired education in modern economic environment is different from the older generation that studied before or shortly after the onset of transition, and whether overeducated and undereducated workers are different from those who are well-matched in terms of cognitive and non-cognitive skills. Our study shows that although workers from the older pre-transition cohort have relatively higher incidence of overeducation in Georgia and Armenia and lower incidence of overeducation in Ukraine and Macedonia as compared to younger workers from the transition cohort, the effect of cohort and age is rarely significant when other important characteristics are taken into account. Overeducated individuals seem to possess a relatively worse bundle of skills than workers who are adequately matched to their jobs in terms of formal education, undereducated individuals often perform better than well-matched workers, but the differences are not always significant. |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kyo:wpaper:915&r=cwa |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction - Achieving Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Poverty Assessment Poverty Reduction - Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Poverty Reduction - Poverty Reduction Strategies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Safety Nets and Transfers Conflict and Development - Post Conflict Reconstruction |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21364&r=cwa |
| By: | Sargsyan, Arman; Tatybekov, B; Soboleva, I; Kubishin, E; Baskakova, M |
| Abstract: | Analyzes the main reasons of informal employment at SMEs and looks for decisions to stimulate formal employment in the CIS countries. |
| Keywords: | employment, informal employment, informal economy, role of ILO, international labour standards, employment policy, social protection, CIS countries, emploi, emploi informel, économie informelle, rôle de l'OIT, normes internationales du travail, politique de l'emploi, protection sociale, pays CEI, empleo, empleo informal, economía informal, papel de la OIT, normas internacionales del trabajo, política de empleo, protección social, países CEI |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ilo:ilowps:485091&r=cwa |