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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Alpay Filiztekin |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002836:283600028&r=cwa |
| By: | Aysit TANSEL; H. Mehmet TASCI |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003304:330400055&r=cwa |
| By: | Ali GÖKHAN; Alpay FILIZTEKIN |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000238:23800044&r=cwa |
| By: | Ege YAZGAN; Hakan YILMAZKUDAY |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003304:330400057&r=cwa |
| By: | Cem BASLEVENT |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003304:330400008&r=cwa |
| By: | UTKULU Utku; OZDEMIR Durmus |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003307:330700147&r=cwa |
| By: | Mahmut GÜNAY; Cengiz CIHAN; Seref SAYGILI; Mesut SAYGILI; Azim ÖZDEMIER |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000238:23800048&r=cwa |
| By: | Bulent Acma |
| Abstract: | The use of renewable energy is expanding rapidly due to a combination of market and political forces. Government regulations, consumer demand, economics, and environmental and sustainability concerns are all driving forces in the expanding renewable energy market. As a result of accelerated development and implementation in the past few years, renewable energy has emerged from niche markets to become a mainstream player in the energy market. While renewable energy sources have generally been thought of as more environmentally benign than conventional resources, not all applications of renewable energy should be considered sustainable. Renewable energy options include wind, solar, biomass, biogas, geothermal, and water energy(hydroelectric/ocean)The objective of this paper is to describe water resources development as a major renewable energy and its role in the current energy situation in Turkey. First section, provides a brief overview of the major renewable energy resources that have the potential for market development in the next decade. Second section, analyses water resources potential of Turkey. Third section, gives legislative and institutional aspects of water sector in the Turkish Constitution. Fourth section, analyses participatory irrigation management activities and present status of water resources in Turkey. Finally, will be discussing about participatory irrigation management activities in Turkey.First section, provides a brief overview of the major renewable energy resources that have the potential for market development in the next decade. Second section, analyses water resources potential of Turkey. Third section, gives legislative and institutional aspects of water sector in the Turkish Constitution. Fourth section, analyses participatory irrigation management activities and present status of water resources in Turkey. Finally, will be discussing about participatory irrigation management activities in Turkey. |
| Keywords: | Turkey, Energy, Environmental and water issues |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7616&r=cwa |
| By: | Fatih Karanfil; Thomas Jobert |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000240:24000019&r=cwa |
| By: | Leyla Baştav |
| Abstract: | TO EXAMİNE THE STRUCTURE AND COMPETİTİVE POWER OF TURKİSH INDUSTRİAL PRODUCTION DURING THE FINANCİAL LIBERALIZATION PERIOD AND BRINGING ALTERNATIVE POLICY ADVICE, REALIZING COMPARATIVE COUNTRY ASSESSMENTS Exanine theoretical framework for the industrialization policies in Neoclassical, Structural framework; examine the development of macroeconomic aggregates like saving, investment, output, industrial sectors, manufacturing,exports, imports, current account, trade deficit, capital flowsi reserves etc; examine successful country cases in industrialization, bringing in useful comparisons; bringing up basic traits of Turkish industry, bringing policy advice. Specifying the magnitude, structure of Turkish manufacturing industry, competitive structure of the various manufacturing exporting sectors. Useful contrasts with successful industrialization stories. |
| Keywords: | Turkey, Sectoral issues, Sectoral issues |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7600&r=cwa |
| By: | Onur KOSKA; Duygu ATHAN; Selim CAGATAY |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002841:284100025&r=cwa |
| By: | Metin TEKTAS |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000238:23800142&r=cwa |
| By: | Farid Zeynalli |
| Abstract: | 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1 |
| Keywords: | Azerbaijan, Agriculture, Agriculture |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7677&r=cwa |
| By: | Reza Mohammadpour; Hassan HEIDARI; Reza MOHAMMADPOUR; Vahid KAFILI |
| Abstract: | To explain the impact of exchange rate volatility on international trade flows many empirical studies have investigated. Most empirical findings, which are primarily concerned with exports, confirm that an increase in exchange rate volatility tends to generate uncertainty which may have a negative impact on trade flows. The current study tends to estimate the impact of exchange rate volatility on demand for bilateral imports for Iran, using bilateral import data from selected external source of Iran. Although the effectiveness of import policy depends on the magnitude of each country’s import elasticity with respect to income, price, exchange rate and volatility of exchange rate, the current policies might not be more effective unless they meet import elasticity of particular trading partner countries. Hence, the main objective of this study is to offer that different policies should be implemented for trading partners instead of a single trade policy to improve trade balance. For policy perspective, it is important because trade policies based on aggregate import elasticity might be deceptive, if bilateral import elasticity is different from those of aggregate import demand model. (Alam and Ahmad, 2011) There have been numerous studies carried out across the globe focusing on the relationship between exchange rate volatility and bilateral import. To the best of our knowledge, there is not any study investigating the relationship between exchange rate volatility and bilateral import for Iranian economy. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of exchange rate volatility on Iran’s bilateral import from her selected trading partner country, Turkey, during 2003Q1 to 2012Q4. The selection of the country is justified by the fact that Iran’s imports from this neighbor country is increasing and Turkey is one of Iran's major trading partner countries. On the other hand, these two countries are planning to come up 30 billion dollars in their bilateral trade up to 2015. The reason for sample period started from 2003Q1 is approval of equalization in exchange rate. The present empirical study differs from previous research for Iran in various dimensions. We employ ARDL approach to detect short-run and long-run impact of exchange rate volatility on aggregate demand for imports. The paper uses real effective exchange rate to construct the measure of exchange rate volatility. We also apply GARCH process for estimating volatility of real effective exchange rate. Our results show that income elasticity is significant and exchange rate volatility is negative and statistically significant for Iran’s bilateral import from Turkey in long run.Our data set covers the period from 2003Q1 to 2012Q4. The Data series of bilateral imports were taken for selected importing country of Iran namely Turkey which were collected from the IMF's Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS). Gross domestic product, consumer price index, unit value index of import and real effective exchange rate for Iran were compiled from the IMF's International Financial Statistics (IFS). All real values are measured on base of year 2005 and all of the series are transformed into natural log form. Log transformation can trim down the problem of heteroskedasticity (Gujarati, 2003). The impact of volatility in the exchange rate on Iran's bilateral imports from selected source is estimated by using the ARDL approach. This paper does not include all dimensions of dynamic relationships between Iran's bilateral imports and real effective exchange rate volatility but limited to the following variables: Dependent variable • Real bilateral imports is a ratio calculated by dividing the bilateral import over unit value index of import. Independent variables • Real gross domestic product is the ratio of nominal gross domestic product to consumer price index. Expected sign for this variable is positive, because an increase in real income, increases domestic demand for import. • Relative price of imports is a ratio calculated by dividing the unit value index of import over consumer price index. It is expected to find a negative relationship between real bilateral imports and relative price of imports. • Real effective exchange rate measures the changes in the competitiveness of a country by taking into account the changes in the relative prices between the countries involved. (Pelinescu and Caraiani, 2006). This index is expected to have a positive relationship with real bilateral imports. • Real effective exchange rate volatility is a measure that intends to capture the risk faced by traders due to unpredictable fluctuations in the exchange rate. The study used GARCH models for this variable. The effect of this variable on the import demand depends on whether the trader is risk-neutral or risk-adverse.The dynamic relationship between bilateral import demand for Iran and exchange rate volatility as well as some important explanatory variables with Turkey has been examined by applying the ARDL approach, suggesting a long-run relationship among selected explanatory variables over the sample period for Iran’s bilateral imports from Turkey. The income elasticity of imports is positive and significant which indicates that as real income growth occurs in Iran, it demands more imports from Turkey. The result also shows that relative price elasticity for bilateral imports significantly and negatively affects bilateral imports from Turkey, suggesting that import of goods decrease by increasing import price. The present study also confirms that devaluation has significant contraction effect on Iran’s bilateral imports. The result further suggests that exchange rate volatility reduces the demand for Iran’s bilateral import from selected partner in the long run. This study concludes that short run disequilibrium converges very soon in the long-run. Finally, for policy makers, the present study suggests that a single trade policy is not too effective. Policy makers should make separate policies for neighbor trading partners, according to their trade relations with Iran and in the light of present analysis. |
| Keywords: | Iran, Trade issues, Other issues |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7660&r=cwa |
| By: | Tarana Mammadova; Т.А. Мамедова, Х.Ш. Теюбов, С.К. Алиева, З.Ш. Багиров, З.М. Алиева, М.И. Рустамов, В.М. Аббасов |
| Abstract: | получение биодизельных топливиспользование явления ультразвуковой каитацииинтенсификаци процесса получения биодизельного топлива за счет сокращения продолжительности процесса |
| Keywords: | Azerbaijan, Energy, Environmental and water issues |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7529&r=cwa |
| By: | DALKIR Serdar; KALKAN Ekrem |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003307:330700039&r=cwa |
| By: | Jibran J Punthakey |
| Abstract: | Policy complementarities have often been overlooked in transition economies, leading to the exclusion or partial adoption of reforms. This paper examines the key determinants of successful transition strategies, and concludes that an approach exploiting complementary relationships and interactions between policies is most likely to result in a welfare improvement. Based on nine policy areas from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Transition Indicators database, composite indicators measuring reform implementation and complementarity are constructed. Panel data estimates for 30 countries over the period 1989 to 2012 demonstrate a positive association between improvements in reform complementarity and economic growth. Moreover, the effects are found to persist over time for up to two years after the initial policy change, and are robust to the inclusion of a wide range of control variables. Applying these findings to the case of Kazakhstan illustrates that comprehensive reforms to a targeted group of complementary policies generate sustained increases in output growth, whereas a partial reform strategy results in a loss of welfare. |
| Keywords: | economic growth, transition economies, panel data, structural reforms, Kazakhstan, complementarity, reform indicators |
| JEL: | C33 O40 P2 |
| Date: | 2014–09–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:govaab:2014/9-en&r=cwa |
| By: | Qazanfar Suleymanov; Suleymanov Qazanfar; Bakhishov Azar; Akhmadova Akima; Agayeva Khanim |
| Abstract: | In this article, both the global and local economic development has been studied on the basis of international experience in the use of industrial clusters . The study is based on the use of natural features and built-in facilities for industrial cluster efficiency of the economy , there are both positives and negatives to both . The efficiency of the industrial clusters in certain areas of their activities during the creation process manifests itself.To this end, the article, the negative effects of industrial clusters isifadənin - enhance the value of the labor, the rise in the price of land and real estate, environmental impacts , etc. izomorizm technology has been well studied . As a result, increases the role of the regional economic integration process and the country into one of the world's leading economic developed. |
| Keywords: | Azerbaijan, Socio-economic development, Socio-economic development |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7553&r=cwa |
| By: | Mohammad BAKHSHOODEH; M ZIBAEI |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003306:330600012&r=cwa |
| By: | Aizhan Samambayeva; Manuel Fernández Grela |
| Abstract: | Relationship between innovation performance and economic development is well-recognised all over the world (Mairesse, Lotti, & Mairesse, 2009, Grossman & Helpman, 1990, Hall, 2001). There are numerous of studies confirming that innovation development leads to economic growth, better productivity and increase in sustainable competitiveness. The assessment contributes to theoretical analysis on innovation and significantly broadens knowledge of innovation performance in developing countries. But the most considerable contribution is made to innovation system of Kazakhstan, which is very poor researched and published. Results of the study provide strengths and weaknesses of innovation performance in Kazakhstan and its position in the global landscape, which can be useful information for future policy making to improve social and economic development of the region. Besides The European Innovation Scoreboard, the most prominent innovation measurement indices are: 1. OECD Science, Technology, and Industry Scoreboard 2013 2. The World Bank’s Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM) 2012 3. The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014 Taking into account data availability and level of innovation development, European Innovation Scoreboard is most appropriate tool to measure innovation performance in Kazakhstan. For example, The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report is difficult to implement due to comprehensive nature of data required that is not publicly available. Moreover, some innovation indicators used in scoreboard are elaborated particularly for developed and sophisticated innovation system. Therefore they include variables that have interpretation value only in case of developed countries. European Innovation Scoreboard is not optimal choice to measure innovation performance in Kazakhstan. However, perfect fitting to Kazakhstan’s economy innovation measurement is unlikely will be comparable for other countries as well. Our goal was to find innovation measurement (scoreboard) that can satisfy our targets to elaborate innovation indicators that can be easily interpreted, providing exhaustive analysis of innovation situation in Kazakhstan; and to be able benchmark the country with similar economies (catching-up countries). According to Archibugi, Denni, & Filippetti (2009), European Innovation Scoreboard shoud be considered as measure of innovation performance rather than others. Because it takes into account new forms of innovation. Others mostly represent current endowment of country to develop its competitiveness and growth through technological innovations. The methodology includes 29 indicators, grouped over 7 different innovation dimensions and 3 major groups of dimensions. The group of “Enablers” captures the main drivers of innovation that are external to the firm and it is divided into two dimensions: “Human resources” and “Finance and support”, capturing in total 9 indicators. Some indicators are subject to national context. Therefore, more detailed information about issues regarding the calculation of the indicators is presented in the whole version of the paper. The results of study revealed relative competitiveness of the region in supply of human capital. However, the rapid pace of economic development requires highly skilled workforce, especially technical and engineering specialist, in order to support innovation performance in the country. Besides the importance of participation in long-life learning for on-going technical development and innovation, this number is extremely low in Kazakhstan. The main factors hampering innovation performance are insufficient R&D investments (public and private), poor infrastructure, weal linkages between main stakeholders of innovation process. This everything is a result of inefficient public policy on innovation and historical and cultural circumstances. The study has found that generally the innovation performance of the region is similar to that of the country. The indicator of the country and region are slightly different. Unsurprisingly, the indicators have shown that the region is placed at the bottom of catching-up countries. The current research was limited to evaluate factors related to qualitative characteristics of the indicator. Moreover, measuring regional innovation performance showed that more progress is needed on the availability and quality of innovation data at regional level. In general, research showed that innovation level of the country is very low even in comparison with catching-up countries. It can be explained by economic model where output is mainly driven by increased used of labour and capital. As a result a low demand for knowledge and weak linkages between key actors. “Knowledge producing and processing sectors and actors so far remain largely isolated from one another, and their activities are structurally mismatched. This may be explained by the lack of incentives in the business sector to innovate, as innovation is often not seen as necessary to maintain or develop competitive advantages. In addition, the commercial orientation of public R&D capacities (knowledge supply) remains limited. This vicious cycle seems to have locked the national innovation system into a suboptimal, low knowledge intensity equilibrium (Innovation performance review of Kazakhstan, 2012)” See above See above |
| Keywords: | Kazakhstan, Socio-economic development, Socio-economic development |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7897&r=cwa |
| By: | Rauf Asadullayev; Т.М.Панахов; Р.А.Асадуллаев; В.С.Салимов; Х.Т.Абасова |
| Abstract: | Испытание лежкоспособности и определение характера потерь гибридных сортов винограда Хранение осуществлялось при температуре 0...-1°С и относительной влажности воздуха 90-95%. Для подавления развития эпифитной микрофлоры производилась фумигация SO2. Результаты оценивались визуально и при помощи электронных весов.Определена степень пригодности изучаемых сортов к длительному хранению, изучен характер имевших место потерь и передача элементов лежкости от родительских форм. |
| Keywords: | Азербайджан, Agriculture, Agriculture |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7668&r=cwa |
| By: | Leylufer Aliyeva; 1В.М.Аббасов, 1Э.К.Гасанов, 1Л.И.Алиева, 1,2С.А.Мамедханова ,1 Е.Д.Агазаде, |
| Abstract: | получение маслорастворимых ингибиторов коррозии металловсинтез ингибиторов коррозии металловполучение консервационных жидкостей |
| Keywords: | Азербайджан, Other issues, Other issues |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7481&r=cwa |
| By: | Toghrul Valiyev |
| Abstract: | Основной целью данной работы является изучение современного состояния и перспектив взаимоотношений Азербайджана со среднеазиатским регионом. В данном случае под регионом Средняя Азия подразумеваются четыре государства – Туркменистан, Узбекистан, Кыргызыстан и Таджикистан. Говоря о взаимоотношениях Азербайджана с государствами региона в отдельности, стоит отметить, что они неравномерны. В большинстве случаев находятся на различном уровне и на протяжении всей истории менялись. Иногда находясь на высоком уровне, или же на низком уровне. Сейчас рынки стран Средней Азии являются одними из наиболее неосвоенных другими государствами. Поэтому они представляют большой интерес, как для азербайджанской промышленности, так и сельского хозяйства. В то же время это также хорошее место для азербайджанских инвесторов. В целом, взаимоотношения в настоящее время не находятся на надлежащем уровне, поэтому в работе было изучено современное состояние и будущие перспективы, а также направления, по которым возможно развитие взаимоотношений.В данной работе мы пользовались статистическими данными по торговле, определяемыми Государственным таможенным комитетом Азербайджана и Государственным комитетом по статистике Азербайджана. Нередко в статистике государств возникали разночтения ввиду различных методологий, поэтому мы в данной работе опирались на азербайджанскую статистику.Отношения с каждым из государств находятся на различных уровнях. Так, взаимоотношения с Туркменистаном складывались неравномерно. В 90-х годах между государствами возникали конфликты, связанные как с месторождениями, расположенными в Каспийском море, так и с делением дна Каспия, поставками газа Туркменистаном Азербайджану. Продвижение в отношениях стало наблюдаться после возращения Азербайджаном долга Туркменистану за поставки природного газа, в 2008 году. В том же году состоялось первое заседание азербайджано-туркменистанской межправкомиссии, проведена совместная выставка и много различных мероприятий. В настоящее время между двумя государствами интенсивно растет товарооборот. Если в 2010 году товарооборот составил чуть более 15 млн. долларов, то в 2013 году он составил около 90 миллионов долларов. Так экспорт из Туркменистана составил 48 млн. долларов (против 3,5 млн. в 2010 году), а из Азербайджана 39 млн. долларов (против 12 млн. в 2010 году). Таким образом, между двумя государствами существует значительные перспективы роста товарооборота. Азербайджан и Узбекистан имеют довольно давние отношения. Это связано как с тем, что в историческом развитии Узбекистана принимали участие азербайджанцы, так и с другими историческими особенностями. В настоящее время, несмотря на довольно отрицательный фон мировых рынков, для товарооборота характерны положительные тенденции. Важное значение для расширения торгово-экономических связей играет межправкомиссия. Одновременно если в момент мирового экономического кризиса товарооборот между государствами рос, то сейчас наблюдается падение. Так в 2013 году он составил чуть более 21,2 млн. долларов, то в 2012 19 млн. долларов, в 2011 году 72 млн. долларов. Еще ранее он составлял от 26 млн. долларов до 50 млн. долларов. Взаимоотношения Азербайджана и Таджикистана отличаются тем, что они не сформированы тем или иным отношением с нефтью. Основной продукцией, импортируемой Таджикистаном из Азербайджана является глинозем. Ежегодно Гянджинский комбинат поставляет более 300 тысяч тонн глинозема. Таджикистан также получает продукцию сельского хозяйства. В то же время, несмотря на то, что последние годы товарооборот рос, в 2013 году было зафиксировано резкое падение. Говоря о взаимоотношениях Азербайджана и Кыргызыстана, стоит отметить, что они находятся на довольно слабом уровне. Товарооборот между государствами небольшой. Но как отмечали обе стороны, есть значительные перспективы. В настоящее время, в целом, во взаимоотношениях между государствами, существует довольно большой потенциал. Тут стоит учесть, как азербайджанские инвестиции в экономики этих государств, так и много различных сфер, в которых страны еще не возобновили сотрудничество. Азербайджан также может играть важную роль в связи многих государств региона с ЕС и мировым рынком, в целом. Так в настоящее время идут интенсивные обсуждения участия Туркменистана в европейских газовых проектах и ни для кого не секрет, что Азербайджан принимает в них важное участие. В то же время, в скором времени с постройкой железной дороги Туркменистан-Иран, которая объединит всю железнодорожную сеть Центральной Азии с Ираном, произойдет и ее объединение с Азербайджаном. Так как одновременно Иран связывает свою железную дорогу с Азербайджаном и через Азербайджан с Россией. Это может дать сильный импульс развитию. Реализуется в настоящий момент и проект «Шелкового пути». Таким образом, с реализацией крупных инфраструктурных проектов, развитие региона может пойти по совершенно другому пути, что даст импульс также взаимоотношениям с Азербайджаном. |
| Keywords: | Азербайджан, Туркменистан, Узбекистан, Кыргызыстан, Таджикистан, Socio-economic development, Infrastructure |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7634&r=cwa |
| By: | Esmaiel ABOUNOORI; Younes NADEMI |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002596:259600001&r=cwa |
| By: | Ebru Kerimoglu; Hale Ciraci |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002836:283600044&r=cwa |
| By: | Mohammad Ali MORADI |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000238:23800092&r=cwa |
| By: | Nurlan Kulbatyrov; Tulepbekova Aizhan; Kulbatyrov Nurlan |
| Abstract: | Revival of the Great Silk Road will make a huge contribution to the collective prosperity of ECO Member States that was repeatedly noted by the leaders of ECO Member States. The Silk Road should be the corridor of energy, trade, transport and communications. In this regard, the further deepening of integration in transport and communication of ECO Member States is the most important problem. Today the ECO region again has become in the center of interests of the leading countries of the world, the center of the revival of an open, progressive Islamic civilization and the birthplace of the Central Asian economic miracle. Due to its central geopolitical position, ECO and its individual members act as important bridge between this region and the other regions of the world. Integration in transport sphere is one of the priorities of ECO cooperation at the regional level, which will facilitate trade in the region. Formation of the regional transport system was started in the framework of the ten-year ECO program of action in the field of transport and communications, which was adopted at the summit in May 1997 in Ashgabat. In 1998, in Almaty, by the ECO members was signed a framework agreement about transit transport of goods and passengers. In addition, there were formed committees, working groups and programs for the various transportation sectors, including rail, road, sea transport, civil aviation, transportation and communication, and multimodal transport. But despite the activities carried out by ECO members the problem of undeveloped transport communication system in the ECO region is still actual. This fact restrains the growth of intra-regional trade. The basis of transport system in the ECO region is railways, carries for more than 80% of freight and 50% of passenger traffic. That’s why the important direction of cooperation is the modernization and development of this sector. Analysis of the activities of the other Asian integration groups showed that the cooperative institutions contribute to the development of the economies of the Member States. Therefore integration cooperation should be strengthened by combining the efforts of the Central Asian states for solutions of regional problems.-Method of mapping and analysis of the shortest routes, which will determine the further development of transport corridors; -Scenario method, which will determine the possible scenarios of transport corridors in the member countries of ECO. Recommendations -for the creation and development of efficient transport and communications system that provides reliable communication with global transport corridors; -for the development of transit potential of the ECO region and extension of its export opportunities. In respect that many countries of Central Asia are the part of free trade zone within the CIS, all of them have bilateral free trade agreement between themselves; the formation of a developed transport infrastructure within the ECO will promote transit trade that will lead to the modernization of the economies of ECO member states and increasing their competitiveness. |
| Keywords: | All ECO member states, Regional integration, Infrastructure |
| Date: | 2014–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:006666:7596&r=cwa |
| By: | MURADOVA Khusnia; KHUSAINOVA Oydin |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:003307:330700110&r=cwa |
| By: | Sevkiye Sence Turk; Lale Berkoz |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002836:283600095&r=cwa |
| By: | Ahmet AYSAN; G. GULSUN AKIN; Denada BORICI; Levent YILDIRAN |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002596:259600016&r=cwa |