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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Giray Berberoglu (Department of Secondary Mathematics and Science Education, METU); Aysit Tansel (Department of Economics, METU; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Bonn, Germany; Economic Research Forum (ERF) Cairo, Egypt) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the effectiveness of private tutoring in Turkey. The authors introduce their study by providing some background information on the two major national examinations and three different kinds of tutoring. They then describe how they aimed to analyse whether attending private tutoring centres (PTCs) enhances Turkish students’ academic performance. By way of multiple linear regression analysis, their study sought to evaluate whether the impact of private tutoring varies in different subject areas, taking into account several student-related characteristics such as family and academic backgrounds as well as interest in and perception of academic success. In terms of subject areas, the results indicate that while private tutoring does have a positive impact on academic performance in mathematics and Turkish language, this is not the case in natural sciences. However, as evidenced by the effect sizes, these impacts are rather small compared to the impacts of other variables such as interest in and perception of academic success, high school graduation fields of study, high school cumulative grade point average (CGPA), parental education and students’ sociocultural background. While the authors point out that more research on the impact of further important variables needs to be done, their view is that school seems to be an important factor for determining students’ academic performance. |
| Keywords: | Private tutoring, Academic Performance, Regression analysis, Turkey. |
| JEL: | I20 I21 I22 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:met:wpaper:1408&r=cwa |
| By: | A. F. AYSAN; M. DISLI; H. OZTURK; I. M. TURHAN (-) |
| Abstract: | We look at market discipline in the Islamic deposit market of Turkey for the period after the 2000 crisis. We find support for quantity based disciplining of Islamic banks through the capital ratio. The evidence for price disciplining is, however, less convincing. In addition, we also look at the effect of the deposit insurance reform in which the dual deposit insurance was revised and all banks were put under the same deposit insurance company in December 2005. We observe that the reform increased quantity based disciplining in the Turkish Islamic deposit market. |
| Keywords: | Depositor discipline, Islamic banks |
| JEL: | G23 G28 O52 |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rug:rugwps:13/871&r=cwa |
| By: | Ira N. Gang (Rutgers University) |
| Abstract: | Women who want to work often face many more hurdles than men. This is true in Tajikistan where there is a large gender gap in labour force participation. We highlight the role of two factors – international migration and education – on the labour force participation decision and its gender gap. Using probit and decomposition analysis, our investigation shows that education and migration have a significant association with the gender gap in labour force participation in Tajikistan. International emigration from Tajikistan, in which approximately 93.5% of the participants are men, reduces labour force participation by men domestically; increased female education, especially at the university and vocational level, increases female participation. Both women acquiring greater access to education and men increasing their migration abroad contribute to reducing the gender gap. |
| Keywords: | immigration |
| JEL: | F1 |
| Date: | 2014–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rut:rutres:201407&r=cwa |
| By: | KARGI, Bilal |
| Abstract: | This text is for the relation between credit default swap (CDS) spreads and some chosen macro economic data in Turkish economy. Credit default swap spread as an insurance spread is the most important sign for the solvency of the debitors in that country about the securities that public sector and companies export in an economy. Thus, the decisions of investors for the investment feasibility related to economy are based on the information that was supplied by these spreads. Therefore, the credit default swap spreads have become a kind of reliability index. Moreover, they have become an information source about the general view of economy except the investee securities. In this study, the relation between the interest rates of CDS spreads and GDP is determined over time. |
| Keywords: | Credit Default Swap Spreads, GDP, Interest Rates, Turkish Economy. |
| JEL: | G24 O40 O52 |
| Date: | 2014–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:57380&r=cwa |
| By: | M. DISLI; K. SCHOORS (-) |
| Abstract: | We analyze how rebranding affects depositor discipline in a sample of Turkish banks. Depositor discipline refers to the empirical regularity that banks with higher capitalization attract more deposits at lower cost. Bank rebranding tends to increase depositor discipline, especially when there is only a small cosmetic change to the name. Rebranding a Turkish named bank into a foreign named one is associated with increased depositor discipline. In a similar manner, depositor discipline tends to decrease in the short-run if the bank rebrands from a foreign name to a Turkish one. These results suggest the presence of depositor ethnocentrism. Our main findings are robust to controls for major ownership changes and for selection effects. |
| Keywords: | depositor discipline; rebranding; banks |
| JEL: | G2 M3 |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rug:rugwps:13/867&r=cwa |
| By: | Aytekin Güven (Abant izzet Baysal Universitesi, iktisat Bolumu); Basak Dalgic (Hacettepe Universitesi, Maliye Bolumu); Aysit Tansel (Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi, iktisat Bolumu; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Bonn, Germany; Economic Research Forum (ERF) Cairo, Egypt) |
| Abstract: | Son donemlerde dunya genelinde artan gelir esitsizlikleri, iktisatcilarin dikkatlerini esitsizlikleri dengeleyici faktorlerden biri olarak gorulen bireylerin gelir durumlarini daha ust ya da daha alt gelir gruplarina tasiyabilmeleri olarak adlandirilan gelir hareketliligi konusuna cevirmelerine neden olmustur. Gelir hareketliligi ve esitsizlikler uzerindeki etkileri 2000’li yillardan sonra ve daha cok gelismis ulkeler icin incelenmeye baslanmis ve genel bir sonuca ulasmak icin henuz yeterli sayida calisma yapilmamistir. Bu calisma gelir dagilimi en adaletsiz ulkeler arasinda yer alan Turkiye icin bir gelir esitsizligi ve gelir hareketliligi analizi yaparak gelismekte olan ulke ornegi ile literature katki sunmayi amaclamaktadir. Calismadan elde edilen sonuclar ozetle soyledir: i) Ele alinan donem uzadikca gelir hareketliligi atmaktadir ancak bu hareketlilik gelir esitsizligini azaltici nitelikte degildir. ii) Gelir dagiliminin an alt ve en ust gruplari diger gruplara gore daha hareketlidir. iii) Ele alindan alt donemlerde en alt gelir grubundaki bireylerin %30’u issiz durumuna duserken, yalnizca %1,5’i en ust gelir grubuna yukselebilmistir. |
| Keywords: | Gelir Hareketliligi, Gelir Esitsizligi, Turkiye. |
| JEL: | D31 D63 J60 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:met:wpaper:1407&r=cwa |
| By: | Knar Khachatryan; Emma Avetisyan; Frédéric Teulon |
| Abstract: | The microfinance sector is relatively new in Armenia, and has shown significant increase over the last decade. We designed a qualitative research to explore the main characteristic and adaptation strategies of the microfinance sector in this country. Our findings indicate that the emergence of MFIs was subject to offering a complementary effort in filing the gap in the financial services industry. Its main objective was to address the increasing unemployment and poverty resulted from transitional shock. The microfinance market is segmented with different programs serving different populations. We found range of microfinance services, unequal coverage in terms of geography and of business sectors, revenues, unequal VAT treatment between commercial banks and MFIs, regulated Microfinance operations, and lack of cooperation within the Microfinance sector and government support as main problems of the sector development. |
| Keywords: | Microfinance (MFI), adaptation strategy, poverty alleviation, developing economies, not for-profit firms. |
| Date: | 2014–07–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-406&r=cwa |