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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Sarvalingam, A; Sivakumar, Marimuthu |
| Abstract: | How can we measure economic development? Is it in money terms or in human terms? If it is the second one, how can we measure economic development in human aspects? These questions had been asked and argued for several years. Human development concept and its index gives answer for these questions. This paper aims to depict the concept of human development and its measurement especially in the Indian context |
| Keywords: | Human Development; India; Longevity; Education; Standard of living |
| JEL: | I31 I0 A13 O15 I3 |
| Date: | 2010–05–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:22505&r=cwa |
| By: | Guha-Khasnobis, Basudeb; James, K. S. |
| Abstract: | South Asia has the highest rate of child malnutrition in the world, despite rapid economic growth compared to other regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. Known as the ‘South Asian enigma’ this feature is partly attributed to the low status of women in South Asian societies. This paper examines this tenet in the context of India, with particular emphasis on possible differences between rural and urban scenarios. The empirical evidence reveals some important differences, which are relevant for policies relating to women’s empowerment against a backdrop of rapid urbanization. |
| Keywords: | urbanization, women, malnutrition, slums, India |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2010-37&r=cwa |
| By: | Mihai Macovei |
| Abstract: | Turkey's performance in the current crisis shows that it has managed to weather the global stormy conditions relatively well and avoid collapsing into a full-fledged currency and financial crisis. On the face of it, one could conclude economic reforms introduced since 2001 have paid off and today's performance marks a clean break with the past. But there are also indications that the Turkish economy still retains some of its old vulnerabilities. By determining how resilient Turkey's economy has become to domestic and international economic volatility, one can better assess the sustainability of the accelerated economic convergence process on which Turkey embarked after the 2001 crisis. |
| Keywords: | Economic crisis, external vulnerabilities, growth, economic convergence, fiscal consolidation, structural reforms, enlargement, boom-bust growth pattern, Macovei |
| JEL: | E32 E63 F33 P17 |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:euf:ecopap:0386&r=cwa |
| By: | Nitish Jha (Independent researcher and consultant) |
| Abstract: | Access to safe water is necessary for lives and livelihoods. In India, a mid-term assessment reveals that the country has already met its MDG (Millennium Development Goal) in terms of expanding access to water infrastructure although in the parallel subsector of sanitation progress is falling far short of the mark. In reality, most basic observations indicate that water supply coverage is not as good as the figures show while national sanitation continues to be poor even after almost six decades of efforts to eradicate open defecation. It argues that economic, technical, institutional as well as social factors constrain access to safe drinking water and proper sanitation in India for both the urban and rural poor, and that coverage figures do not reflect this restricted access. It finds that, increasingly, communities are being required to manage their own water and sanitation schemes, not just in rural areas but in urban ones as well. There are definite advantages to such an institutional arrangement if the transition to community management is carried out smoothly. Often, however, the chances of success of community management are vitiated because policy makers misunderstand and misapply three interlinked concepts that are crucial to the success of community-managed water and sanitation schemes?participation; water and sanitation burden; and project ownership. The paper concludes by clarifying these concepts and the implications they have for policy implementation in this sector. |
| Keywords: | Access of the Poor to Water Supply and Sanitation in India: Salient Concepts, Issues and Cases |
| Date: | 2010–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipc:wpaper:62&r=cwa |
| By: | AYSIT TANSEL (Middle East Technical University & Institute for Study of Labor); H.MEHMET TASÇI (Balikesir University) |
| Abstract: | There is little evidence on unemployment duration and its determinants in developing countries. This study is on the duration aspect of unemployment in a developing country, Turkey. We analyze the determinants of the probability of leaving unemployment for employment or the hazard rate. The effects of the personal and household characteristics and the local labor market conditions are examined. The analyses are carried out for men and women separately. The results indicate that the nature of unemployment in Turkey exhibits similarities to the unemployment in both the developed and the developing countries. |
| Keywords: | Unemployment Duration, Hazard Analysis, Gender, Turkey |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tek:wpaper:2010/6&r=cwa |
| By: | Chitra Mishra |
| Abstract: | This paper attempts to question the state of ‘women community†at large with situation depicting the growing rate of crime, oppression and subjugation which is historically unprecedented and its re-occurrence is in probability with struggle creating a wave of discontent and demanding an urgency to act upon. Does “she†fraternity stand anywhere amidst the social set-up at the very inception of society as a generic term? [Intern WP 232]. |
| Keywords: | urban, india, Delhi, Globalization, sexual harassment, advertisements, dowry, child marriage, society, women, community, crime, rape, female infanticide, sex ratio, domestic violence, traffic, domestic work, labour, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2481&r=cwa |
| By: | Ramani K V; Trivedi Poonam; Malek Imran |
| Abstract: | The Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA), was established in 1961 as an autonomous institution by the Government of India in collaboration with the Government of Gujarat and Indian industry. IIMA?s involvement in the health sector started with the establishment of the Public Systems Group in 1975. In the initial period, our research focused on the management of primary healthcare services and family planning. We expanded our research activities to include the management of secondary healthcare services in the 80s and to tertiary healthcare services in the 90s. Currently our research interests focus on the governance and management issues in the areas on Rural Health, Urban Health, Public Health and Hospital Management. In June 2004, IIMA Board approved the setting up of a Centre for Management Health Services (CMHS) in recognition of IIMA?s contributions to the health sector in the past and the felt need to strengthen the management of health sector in the context of socio-economic developments of our country. The overall objectives of CMHS are to address the managerial challenges in the delivery of health services to respond to the needs of different segments of our population efficiently and effectively, build institutions of excellence in the health sector, and influence health policies and wider environments. All our research projects are externally funded and we have developed research collaborations with 15-20 international universities in USA, UK, Europe, and Asia. CMHS has also established strong linkages with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare at the national and state government levels, particularly in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Orissa, and Bihar. This working paper is a compilation of the abstracts of all our publications in the last 10 years, which include 40 referred journal articles, 54 Working Papers, 19 Chapters in Books and 18 Case Studies. |
| Date: | 2010–05–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:wp2010-04-04&r=cwa |
| By: | Christopher F. Baum (Boston College; DIW Berlin); Mustafa Caglayan (University of Sheffield); Oleksandr Talavera (School of Economics, University of East Anglia) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the effects of parliamentary election cycles on the Turkish banking system. Using annual bank-level data representing all banks in Turkey during 1963-2005, we find that there are meaningful differences in the structure of assets, liabilities and financial performance across different stages of the parliamentary election cycle. However, we find that government-owned banks operate similarly to both domestic and foreign-owned private sector banks before, during and after elections. Our estimates also show that government-owned banks underperform their domestic and foreign-owned private sector counterparts. |
| Keywords: | elections, state banks, domestic banks, foreign-owned banks, loans, interest rate margin |
| JEL: | G21 G28 |
| Date: | 2010–04–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uea:aepppr:2010_02&r=cwa |
| By: | Manjrekar, Rajesh; Sinha, Pankaj |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the investment behavior of Indian mutual fund industry. Since the majority of investors who invest in mutual funds are salaried individuals or individuals that own SMEs, the Indian Mutual Fund industry should have a long term investment horizon. However, the data from all mutual funds for the periods December 2007 to May 2008 and December 2008 to May 2009 reveals that the mutual fund industry has adjusted its position on a short term basis in tandem with the short term volatility of the market. The findings substantiate the SEBI Chairman’s observation that there is an urgent need to set up investment norms with regard to the holding period for stocks owned by the Indian mutual fund industry |
| Keywords: | Mutual Fund; short term volatility; asset under management; investment churn. |
| JEL: | G11 G23 G28 G24 G21 |
| Date: | 2010–05–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:22458&r=cwa |
| By: | Ashwini Deshpande (Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi, India); Thomas E. Weisskopf (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) |
| Abstract: | Our objective in this paper is to shed some empirical light on a claim often made by critics of affirmative action policies: that increasing the representation of members of marginalized communities in jobs – and especially in relatively skilled positions – comes at a cost of reduced efficiency. We undertake a systematic empirical analysis of productivity in the Indian Railways in order to determine whether the policy of reserving jobs for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes has actually reduced productive efficiency in the railway system. We find no evidence that affirmative action in hiring has reduced the efficiency of the Indian Railways. Indeed, some of our results suggest that the opposite is true, providing tentative support for the claim that greater labour force diversity boosts productivity. |
| JEL: | J L |
| Date: | 2010–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cde:cdewps:185&r=cwa |
| By: | Rana Hendy (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne et CREST-INSEE); Catherine Sofer (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne - Paris School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the intrahousehold ressource allocation in Egyptian married couples and its impact on females labor supply. Using data from the Egyptian Labor market and Panel Survey of 2006, we estimate a discrete-choice model for female labor supply within a collective framework. The economic model incorporates the possibility of non-participation for females which represents the working situation of more than 70 percent of Egyptian married women. The originality of this paper consists on testing new distribution factors, i.e., a set of exogenous variables which influence the intrahousehold allocation of resources without affecting preferences or the budget constraint. The latter are variables related to the marriage market, gender attitudes, domestic violence, direct access to the household income and participation in household decision making. Indentification of the model relies on the assumption that only some parameters of the utility function are identical for single and married females. We find significant relations between females bargaining power and labor supply decisions. This study's results has important policy implications. |
| Keywords: | Collective model, labor supply, distribution factors, maximum simulated likelihood, Egypt. |
| JEL: | D11 D12 J22 |
| Date: | 2010–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:10035&r=cwa |
| By: | Rana Hendy (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne - Paris School of Economics et CREST-INSEE) |
| Abstract: | The present research explores for the first time to our best knowledge the extremely biased division of labor within Egyptian households. Time activities in respect of paid and unpaid work are an important aspect of this study. The classical dichotomy of "work in the market" versus "leisure" may serve as a good approximation of the role the male plays in the production activity of the household but does gross injustice to the female since it overlooks the whole time she spends, outside the market, on domestic activities. And, studying the females' invisible unpaid work is crucial since it remains the female's main occupation. Time use profiles are constructed using the Egyptian time use data available, only for females, in the Egyptian Labor Market and Panel Surveys of 1998 and 2006. The empirical exercise consists in, on the one hand-analyzing the main features of Egyptian females' time allocation relying on both cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. On the other hand, we estimate a Propensity Score Matching model in order to evaluate the effect of marriage on females market and domestic labor supplies. |
| Keywords: | Time allocation, domestic production, descriptive analysis, propensity score matching, Egypt. |
| JEL: | D13 J16 J22 |
| Date: | 2010–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:10034&r=cwa |