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on Central and Western Asia |
| By: | Singh, Nirvikar; Cortuk, Orcan |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the link between structural change and growth in India. It constructs indices of structural change, and performs a time series analysis of the data. It finds that 1988 marks a break in the time series of growth and structural change. There is one-way causality from structural change to growth in the period 1988-2007, whereas there is no evidence for this linkage before 1988. |
| Keywords: | Indian economy; structural change; growth; causality |
| JEL: | O1 O5 |
| Date: | 2010–02–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:20867&r=cwa |
| By: | Ranja Sengupta; Narendra Jena |
| Abstract: | India is currently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement with the European Union, which includes not only liberalization of commodity trading, but also a wide range of chapters including deep services trade liberalization, full investment liberalization, and stricter IPR conditions than the TRIPS norms. An analysis and evaluation of health impacts of this FTA on Indian women is necessary. The need to indicate suitable policy interventions, both in the trade agreement and in the domestic socio economic environment, to maintain and encourage women’s access to health and healthcare, is undeniable. This study is an attempt to provide such an analysis in simple terms. [Paper II]. |
| Keywords: | liberalization, healthcare, socio economic environment, trade, women's, health, India, European Union, EU, FTA, free trade agreement, policy, state, domestic, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2426&r=cwa |
| By: | Husain, Zakir; Mukherjee, Diganta; Dutta, Mousumi |
| Abstract: | Who controls the income earned by Self Help Group (SHG) members from group activities – they, or their husbands? The answer indicates the level of economic empowerment attained by SHG members. This paper examines whether identity of person controlling this income depends upon the political party ruling the municipality where the SHG is situated. Two parties are considered – the Left Front, a coalition comprising of Leftist parties, and the Indian National Congress. This paper is based on a field study of 240 SHG members in six municipalities in West Bengal, a major state in India. |
| Keywords: | Self Help Groups; Political structures; India |
| JEL: | P13 D79 P16 |
| Date: | 2010–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:14849&r=cwa |
| By: | Indrani Chakraborty; Achin Chakraborty |
| Abstract: | Female work participation in West Bengal is one of the lowest among all the states in India. However, it varies widely across the state’s 341 blocks. An analysis of some block level characteristics based on Census 2001 data show that female work participation varies inversely with the female literacy rate and percentage of Muslim population, and is positively related to the overall work opportunity as reflected by male work participation. However, there are a few blocks with very high percentage of Muslim population where female work participation is rather high. These are the blocks where women are engaged in home-based work in large numbers. Surveys were conducted of households in two such areas in Murshidabad and South 24 Parganas, respectively. [IDSK OP 18]. |
| Keywords: | men, women, India, census 2001, households, west bengal, female work participation, Muslim population, labour force, NSS, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2438&r=cwa |
| By: | Marie Daumal (Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis, Université Paris-Dauphine, LEDa, UMR DIAL) |
| Abstract: | Regional inequalities are large in India and Brazil and represent a development challenge. This paper aims to determine whether regional disparities are linked to countries’ trade openness. An annual indicator of regional inequalities is constructed for India over the period 1980-2003 and for Brazil over 1985-2003. Results from time series regressions show that Brazil’s trade openness contributes to the reduction in regional inequalities in Brazil. The opposite result is found for India. India’s trade openness is an important factor aggravating income inequality among Indian states. In both countries, the inflows of foreign direct investment are found to increase regional disparities. _________________________________ Dans les années 90, les inégalités régionales ont fortement augment´e en Inde. Les inégalités entre Etats brésiliens sont importantes et constituent un problème politique majeur pour la fédération brésilienne. En 1991, ces deux pays se sont progressivement ouverts au commerce international. L’objectif du papier est de déterminer s’il existe ou non un lien entre les inégalités régionales et l’ouverture commerciale dans les cas de l’Inde et du Brésil. J’ai construit un indicateur, l’index Gini, qui est une mesure des inégalités régionales, sur la période 1980-2004 pour l’Inde et sur la période 1985-2004 pour le Brésil. Cet indicateur des inégalités régionales est ensuite régressé sur divers déterminants dont l’ouverture commerciale des pays, en utilisant la technique des séries temporelles et des modèles vectoriels à correction d’erreur. Je trouve que l’ouverture commerciale de l’Inde a fortement aggravé les inégalités existant entre l’Inde du Nord, de plus en plus pauvre, et l’Inde du Sud de plus en plus riche. Or ces inégalités régionales croissantes sont maintenant une source de tension et de conflits au sein de la fédération indienne, les Etats du Sud ne voulant plus “payer” pour le Nord du pays. Au contraire, l’ouverture du Brésil semble avoir entraîné une diminution des inégalités entre Etats brésiliens. |
| Keywords: | Trade openness, regional inequality, India, Brazil, time series regression, Ouverture commerciale, inégalités régionales, Inde, Brésil, séries temporelles. |
| JEL: | F43 R11 |
| Date: | 2010–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt201004&r=cwa |
| By: | Subrata Mukherjee; Saswata Ghosh |
| Abstract: | West Bengal is not among the best performing states with regard to NREGA. The performance of all districts in the state is not equally discouraging. Some districts, in fact, have done well in generating good number of average person-days per household or in distributing the benefits of work in favour of the marginalised population (such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes). For the detailed case study we have considered the district of Birbhum. The case study finds high inter-block variations in terms of average person-days created and utilisation of NREGA funds. [IDSK OP 16]. |
| Keywords: | Panchayat, level, Birbhum District, west bengal, India, NREGA, employment, household, benefits, work, marginalised population, SC, ST, Scheduled Castes, states, poverty alleviation, disadvantaged groups, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), economy, rural people, Scheduled Tribes |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2429&r=cwa |
| By: | Husain, Zakir; Mukherjee, Diganta; Dutta, Mousumi |
| Abstract: | Evidence on success of SHGs in empowering females is mixed. In particular, researchers argue that such schemes often attract women who are already active in the public domain (referred to as ‘self-selection’), so that those who are most in need of assistance remain excluded. Simultaneously, the fact that a majority of the SHG members are already empowered leads to exaggerated estimates of the effects of the program (called ‘program effects’). This paper attempts to test the significance of the program effect of SHGs by comparing empowerment levels of newly inducted and older members of SHGs. The paper is based on a survey conducted in six municipalities in West Bengal, India. |
| Keywords: | Empowerment; Self Help Groups; Non-parametric tests; Self-selection effect; India; Asia |
| JEL: | O15 C25 |
| Date: | 2010–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:20765&r=cwa |
| By: | Khan, Rana Ejaz Ali; Sattar , Rashid |
| Abstract: | It is generally argued that open trade is crucial for economic growth and development. The economic literature also argues that growth is an important option for reducing poverty in developing countries. The paper analyzed the causality between the trade, growth and poverty for Pakistan using annual time series data from 1973-2009. Granger causality results based on Error-Correction Models have shown that in the case of Pakistan there exists two way relationship between trade and growth in the long-run but for the short-run growth enhance the trade. For the growth and poverty, there exists long-run relation from growth to poverty while for the short-run there exists no relationship. It may be concluded that international trade can play an important role towards growth and ultimately alleviation of poverty. From the policy perspective government should focus on trade. |
| Keywords: | F14; F41; O19; I3. |
| JEL: | F14 I3 O19 F41 |
| Date: | 2010–01–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:20904&r=cwa |
| By: | Sadan Jha |
| Abstract: | This paper is about deconstructing the middle class perception of the domain of the ‘folk’ in this region. With these questions, the paper sets out an agenda for writing the history of rain and weather in the context of north Bihar. Dak Vachans are conceptualized as a proverbial archive and this archive demands an interrogation and scrutiny. [Working paper No. 10]. |
| Keywords: | Proverb, Rain, Weather, ethnographer, Indian village, History, Mithila (north Bihar), agrarian life, caste, gender, politics, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2425&r=cwa |
| By: | Sima, Isabela Cristina; Marin, Camelia; Parpandel, Denisa Elena |
| Abstract: | The EU is facing crucial external challenges for its present and future stability, security and prosperity. The instability in the Middle East, terrorism, the global warming and environmental change issue, the world’s growing economic globalization and its outsiders, or the political and economical competition with the Chinese and Indian giants leading to increasingly rival partnerships must be properly understood and assessed in the full extend of their implications and consequences, and addressed by appropriate policies. But the future of EU’s role as an international actor is also being decisively shaped today by the challenges the EU faces from its Eastern neighborhood which are likely to have fundamental long term economical and political consequences on the EU. These challenges directly influence EU’s stability, security and prosperity and ability to be an international actor capable of identifying its interests, and successfully pursuing or protecting them. |
| Keywords: | Keywords: foreign; relations; enlargement; world; actor. |
| JEL: | F15 F00 N1 |
| Date: | 2010–02–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:20852&r=cwa |
| By: | Yasir, Agha |
| Abstract: | Literature on natural hazards typically perceives disasters to be acts of God (or nature) while restricting the examination of their causes to biophysical and geographical explanations. This paper takes a different approach; first, it argues that disasters are socially constructed and, second, it situates the interactions of large-scale natural forces with local political-economic conditions within the context of vulnerability to contend that disasters are consequences of unresolved development challenges. Using the Pressure and Release (PAR) Model the paper suggests the usefulness of the concept of vulnerability that shapes local geographies of risk and weak institutions which transform and enhance the negative impacts of ‘natural’ hazards into ‘man-made’ disasters. |
| Keywords: | Vulnerability; Natural Hazards; Disasters; Political Economy; Pakistan |
| JEL: | D73 Y40 H1 Q54 F54 P16 N55 Q58 |
| Date: | 2009–08–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:20762&r=cwa |
| By: | Anil Kumar K |
| Abstract: | The increasing attention and scientific research have made it possible to recognize tribal farmers as innovators, based on their unique practices in the field of sustainable agriculture. The study aims at understanding the importance of such farmers' knowledge and role in sustainable agriculture among the Pradhan Tribe in Adilabad District. The paper presents some empirical data from the Pradhan Tribe of Andhra Pradesh which highlights the community's indigenous agricultural knowledge and the changes over time. [CESS WP 81]. |
| Keywords: | Traditional Knowledge, tribal farmers, agriculture, Pradhan tribe, adilabad district, knowledge, scentific research, innovators, indigenous community, geographic area, local communities, legends, folklore, rituals, songs, developing societies, Andhra Pradesh, Sustainable Development |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2424&r=cwa |
| By: | M. Jahangir Alam |
| Abstract: | This study seeks to identify the engineering, behavioural and socio-economic determinants of childhood diarrhoea and its duration and to compute the resulting costs borne by slum dwellers. The study is based on a survey of 480 households in 32 slums in Dhaka. |
| Keywords: | households, Diarrhoea, behavioural, socio-economic, slum dwellers, water supply, Child, Cost, Behavioural factors, Hurdle Model, Dhaka, NGO hygiene, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2432&r=cwa |