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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2024‒09‒09
five papers chosen by Roberto Zanola, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale |
| By: | Luis Aguiar; Zhizhong Chen |
| Abstract: | Digitization has importantly expanded the scope for reusing music in movies, a process known as music synchronization. We use panel data on Netflix and Shazam to estimate the causal effect of music synchronization on the discovery of reused songs. Our results show that songs are substantially more likely to be discovered via Shazam’s music recognition algorithm when reused in movies that get more Netflix exposure, even after controlling for song quality. We further show evidence of reuse in movies positively affecting song consumption on the Spotify charts, indicating that movies play a significant role in boosting the demand of reused music. These results have important implications for the policy debate on copyright and fair use and can additionally inform the negotiation of licensing rights between movie producers and music rightholders. They additionally improve our understanding of how innovations enabled by digitization can affect the content industries. |
| Keywords: | copyright, reuse, digitization, recorded music, music synchronization |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11249 |
| By: | Keisuke Kokubun |
| Abstract: | As the aging of the world accelerates, clarifying the relationship between cultural differences and ageism is an urgent issue. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a correlation analysis between the six cultural scales of Hofstede et al. [1] and the 10 ageism scales calculated from data on 35, 232 people from 31 countries included in the World Values Survey Wave 6 by Inglehart et al. [2]. The results of a partial correlation analysis controlling for economic and demographic factors showed that the cultural scales were correlated with ageism. This is the first study to show that diverse cultural scales are related to multiple dimensions of ageism. |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2408.04781 |
| By: | Jean-Michel Tobelem (EIREST - Équipe interdisciplinaire de recherches sur le tourisme - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne); Marie Ballarini (DRM - Dauphine Recherches en Management - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Digital technology has had a profound impact on most contemporary organisations. Museums have also undergone significant transformations, both in terms of strategy definition and the implementation of their actions, particularly in the post-Covid world. This article has a twofold objective: first, to identify best practices in the use of digital technology within museums, whether big or small; second, to suggest practical and concrete ways to implement digital in loyalty, promotion, communications and fundraising policies. The following questions are addressed:How should a digital strategy be integrated into the museum's global strategy?How can social media be used to optimise fundraising campaigns?How important should crowdfunding campaigns be in the broader fundraising policy?How should digital technology be used in subscriber loyalty campaigns through Customer Relationship Management (CRM) techniques?How can a personal relationship be maintained with major donors while using digital resources?What structure is needed to implement these actions within museums? |
| Keywords: | Economics, Finance, Business & Industry, Museum and Heritage Studies |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04662229 |
| By: | Smoliga, James M (Tufts University School of Medicine); Sawyer, Kathryn E |
| Abstract: | Taylor Swift’s present at National Football League (NFL) games was reported to have a causal effect on the performance of Travis Kelce and the Kansas City Chiefs. However, this has not been validated through a robust statistical analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to critically assess whether Taylor Swift's game attendance influenced: 1) Travis Kelce’s football performance, and 2) Kansas City Chiefs' game outcomes in the 2023 American football season. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study with propensity score matching was employed. Chiefs’ pregame Elo score was identified as a confounding factor which influence Kelce’s performance during the pre-Swift era (2014-2022 season). Each Chiefs game from the Swift era (2023 season) were matched to five games from the pre-Swift era by Chiefs’ pregame Elo. Linear mixed effects models were then used to determine how Swift’s presence or absence in Swift-era games influence Kelce’s performance, relative to historical data. Kelce’s yards was the dependent variable, random factor was each “matched set” of six games (5 pre-Swift era, 1 Swift era), and Chiefs pre-game Elo was entered as a covariate. Two models were developed: 1) Swift present (n=13 Swift era games, matched to 65 pre-Swift era games); and 2) Swift absent (n=6 Swift era games, 30 pre-Swift era game). Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was developed to determine if Swift’s presence influenced the Chief’s game outcomes, relative to historical averages. RESULTS: Kelce's performance was similar between the Swift (2023 season, 70.5 yards) and pre-Swift (2014-2022 seasons, 73.9 yards) eras. Linear mixed effects models revealed that Kelce achieved an extra mean 7.1 (95% confidence interval: -12.7, 26.9) yards per game when Swift was in attendance (n=13 games in the Swift era), compared to matched games from the pre-Swift era however this was not statistically significant (p=0.476). When Swift was absent from games (n=6 in the Swift era), Kelce’s performance changed by -28.6 (-69.4, 12.3) yard per game, compared to matched games from the pre-Swift era – again not statistically significant (p=0.163). Swift’s attendance did not significantly increase the Chief’s likelihood of winning [odds ratio = 1.32 (0.33, 5.34), p=0.692]. DISCUSSION: The weak statistical evidence that spawned the concept of the “Swift effect” is rooted in a constellation of fallacies common to scientific and medical research –including attribution bias, unjustified mechanisms, inadequate sampling, emphasis on surrogate outcomes, and inattention to comparative effectiveness. Clinicians and researchers must be vigilant to avoid falling victim to the “Swift effect, ” since failure to scrutinize available evidence can lead to acceptance of unjustified theories and negatively impact clinical decision-making. |
| Date: | 2024–08–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ujws7 |
| By: | Peter Grajzl; Peter Murrell |
| Abstract: | Most development models emphasize a growth in the scope of individual choice as the law becomes impartial, relevant to all. An early expression of this conceptualization appeared in the 19th century, when Henry Maine coined his celebrated dictum that progressive societies move from status to contract. We conduct a macro-historical quantitative inquiry into Maine's dictum using corpora on 16th- to 18th-century caselaw and print culture. Upon conceptualizing the notions of contract and status, we train word embeddings on each corpus and produce time series of emphases on contract, status, and contract versus status. Only caselaw exhibits an increasing emphasis on contract versus status, and even that trend is discernible only before the Civil War. After 1660 in caselaw, emphases on both contract and status increase, with no trend in contract versus status. After 1660, caselaw trends reflect the increasing importance of equity compared to common-law. In print culture, religion consistently emphasizes contract over status, while politics exhibits a downward-trending emphasis on contract versus status. VAR estimates reveal that the applicable ideas in caselaw and print culture coevolved. |
| Keywords: | contract versus status, Henry Maine, early-modern England, machine learning, caselaw, print culture |
| JEL: | K10 Z10 N00 P10 C80 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11246 |