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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒09‒16
six papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale |
| By: | Georgiana Mardare Balusescu (Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Romania); Nicoleta-Elena Heghes (Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | Art is a specific human activity that aims at producing aesthetic values and using specific means of expression. Moreover, arts are distinguished by the material used (painting - color, sculpture – stone or wood, literature – words, music – sound or note), but they share the artistic image underlying the act of creation. Authentic - False in artworks should not only focus on the substrate, the paints, the background, the lacquer, but also on the technique used to verify that it corresponds to that of the painter. The resolution of these problems cannot be conceived without the use of laboratory techniques that reflect a predominant place in the observations of the person skilled in the art. Therefore, the identification of technical investigations should be carried out systematically for each expertise. These expertises can be simple, convenient and efficient. In this paper is presented an overview of trace evidence and chemical painting techniques used in artwork and the applicability of chromatography, spectroscopy, X-ray radiography, neutron autoradiography and conoscopic holography as a tool for investigations of the material composition of the paintings. X-ray radiography and neutron autoradiography, for example, are nondestructive techniques which enable determination the structure of the components and also the material composition. The applications of these techniques answer the questions when, where, or by whom such a painting was made. |
| Keywords: | analytical techniques, signatures authenticity, neutron autoradiography, X-ray radiography, trace evidence |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:dpaper:045ngm&r=all |
| By: | Kalea Ramsey (Menaul School, New Mexico, USA) |
| Abstract: | This research uses Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein as an anchor to look back and forth between the novel and the precursor texts and themes on which Shelley both draws and which she also transforms in light of the critical influences of her historical moment, straddling as it did a transition from the rationalism of the Enlightenment to the emotional, social and creative energies unleashed by Romanticism. This paper focuses on the themes of transgression, fear, isolation, damnation and redemption, and their importance in outlining the journeys of Victor Frankenstein and the monster he created, as well as other related works in history. The major comparisons in this research are that of Frankenstein with the archetypal figure of Prometheus, ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’, and Paradise Lost. The first was directly referenced by Mary Shelley in the allusions of Walton and Victor Frankenstein, and the latter is the epigraph of the book, which appears as one of the books that shaped the Monster’s education. Stemming from ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’, the Wandering Jew and the biblical Cain and Abel story are extended archetypes, further showing traits that could be found among the Mariner, Frankenstein, the Monster, and Satan, forming an interconnected web that weaves all these characters together. Frankenstein is also known as the ‘Modern Prometheus’: through her writing, Mary Shelley aimed to historicize and reconceptualize universalist assumptions about the nature and relevance of archetypes in literature. By historicizing the role of Prometheus and imbuing it in Victor Frankenstein, Shelley portrayed the figure of an ambitious scientist who assumed the role of God and disregarded the law of nature. She charaterized Victor such that his traits resemble those of Prometheus, yet far from reproducing an idealized archetype, Shelley brings a Greek myth down to earth, transforming it so that it can speak to the people of her time. This paper reads Frankenstein in relation to how its context transforms the universalist archetypes on which Shelley drew to give her characters and themes literary depth and texture. Shelley inflects Victor Frankenstein and his Monster with traits associated with the archetypal figures of Prometheus, Satan, and the Ancient Mariner, simultaneously relating the resulting hybrid characters to the pressing concerns of her particular historical moment and demonstrating that universal archetypes continue to be rich sources both for the creative process and for bringing perennial themes to life for successive generations of readers. |
| Keywords: | Archetypes, Cain, Edmund Burke, Enlightenment in literature, Frankenstein, French Revolution, Mary Shelley, Prometheus, Paradise Lost, Romanticism, Satan, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Wandering Jew |
| Date: | 2019–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:cpaper:51kr&r=all |
| By: | Joanna Klingenstein (University, Cleveland, United States of America) |
| Abstract: | Rarely does research design rely on the use of artistic processes to gather affective data. Scholars often rely on verbal communication to measure affective response rather than extracting data through creative mediums. Art therapists have long been writing about the power of creativity to uniquely surface emotion. Do artistic processes tap into affective data otherwise ignored? Can affective response further academic knowledge of power and influence? As noted by scholar and theorist Donovan Schaefer, affect theory highlights associations between semiotic forces and power. It offers a framework for understanding how emotional responses are shaped and experienced. Similarly, the Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC), developed by art therapy pioneers Sandra Kagan and Vija Lusebrink, suggests a way to visualize expression according to the placement of affect in the body. The ETC therefore allows art therapists to guide and interpret creative processes. In a study titled, “Female Evangelical Multimedia Personalities: How Does Their Content Affect Female Viewers?†these theoretical frameworks are combined in a way that, to this author’s knowledge, has not been done before. As part of the study design, participants will be asked to react artistically and verbally to written and visual evangelical content. This study seeks to illuminate how artistic processes expose the affective influence and power of rhetorical content. The proposed presentation will provide a brief overview of these two theoretical frameworks, affirm the value of studying affect, and explore how researchers can utilize creativity to measure affective response. |
| Keywords: | affect theory, affect, expressive therapies continuum, research method, art, creativity, evangelical, women |
| Date: | 2019–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:cpaper:11jkl&r=all |
| By: | May Mahfouz (Ain Shams University Cairo, Egypt) |
| Abstract: | This research addresses the influence of social media with its ever-evolving techniques that serve social campaigns focusing on people as the central theme of its concern. Developers of social media techniques are always looking for and making the necessary changes through intensive and successive campaigns across various social media channels, to reach its full impact on users taking into consideration important marketing elements, such as culture and timing of said campaigns among other elements. Social media is a great way to communicate with the public. It contributes to building trust, elevates the spirits of society, enhances tolerance by considering emotions of individuals and it reinforces the feeling of belonging. It could positively affect the behavior and moral levels of humans. All that while working in an integrated framework of analysis that is run by governments, international institutions, civil society organizations and private sectors. These institutions factor in the public needs to better deliver their messages, there is no doubt that these types of social media campaigns are becoming a great deal of interest in different societies at different levels. As Egypt is aligning itself in recognizing the importance of evolution in social media and ultimately aim to change the negative reality and transform society to better reality; I will address in this study the role of social media in the success of “100 Millions’ Health†campaign that took place in Egypt. This campaign was able to gain great amount of popularity through social media networks and contributed to the convergence of Egyptian public opinion about its objectives. |
| Keywords: | Social Media, Value, Healthcare |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:dpaper:04mm&r=all |
| By: | Mahmood Khosrowjerdi; Lutz Bornmann |
| Abstract: | Many factors such as economy size, capital resources, and size of national publication market seem to be related to the scientific performance of nations. In this paper we link the national culture values with scientific performance of 53 nations. We focus on the year 2010. Our study uses three datasets: 1) Hofstede's data on national culture, 2) data on migration share of societies, and 3) citation impact data. We found that four dimensions of culture (i.e. individualism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence) correlate practically and statistically significantly with scientific impact of nations. The findings are discussed in mirror of cultural theories. |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1909.04521&r=all |
| By: | Gözde ?slamo?lu (Kocaeli University, Faculty of Communication, Department of Radio, Television and Cinema) |
| Abstract: | Since its first appearance, photograph has been a tool that attracted the attention of people and enabled to share certain moments with other people. Together with the developing technologies, photograph has also been transformed and digitalized, and it has become easier to edit photographs. While the tools of photo editing and filter applications reinforce the relationship with the digital world, social media platforms play an important role in this transformation. Thus, photograph becomes a part of socialization and also contributes to the interaction of people with each other. Instagram is an example of a popular platform where photos and videos can be shared with other users. One of the most important features of this platform is that it allows photos to be rearranged by applying digital filters. In this way, photos become more visible on social media, and by interacting with other users it plays an important role in increasing the number of followers. In the scope of this study, how filtered and unfiltered photos shared by most-followed public Instagram accounts are perceived by different users has been examined. The purpose of the study is to reveal whether people can distinguish filtered photographs from unfiltered ones; which ones they find more attractive, like most and prefer to interact with. The findings of the study have been obtained through semi-structured interviews. In addition, the similarities and differences in the interpretation of the photographs were determined and its connection with user's age, life experience and social relations were tried to be established. |
| Keywords: | Photograph, Instagram, Photo sharing |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011134&r=all |