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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒04‒08
five papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale |
| By: | Barbara Biasi; Petra Moser |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ste:nystbu:18-06&r=all |
| By: | Luca Tasciotti, Farooq Sulehria and Natascha Wagner (Department of Economics, SOAS University of London, UK) |
| Abstract: | Pakistan has the second highest fertility rate in South Asia with every women giving birth to 3.4 children on average. This paper uses three waves of the Demographic Health Survey data to empirically analyse fertility trends in Pakistan between 1990 and 2013; accounting for wealth and the use of contraceptives and birth spacing, this paper looks at three additional pathways for reducing fertility: (i) electrification, (ii) access to TV and (iii) family planning commercials broadcasted on television. The pooled regression results suggest that the direct effect that the access to electricity has on fertility is limited. In contrast, access to television had a significant effect in reducing fertility rates, especially after the 2000s. To further disentangle the contribution of television to the fertility decline, we assess the role of family planning commercials broadcasted on television. We provide complementary qualitative evidence on the content and evolution of Pakistani soap-operas and we argue that the role models, the typology of households and the messages conveyed by the soap-operas are possible drivers of the fertility decline. We show that a similar conclusion cannot be drawn in the case of radio. Our findings suggest that in one of worldís most populous country access to modern role models via soap-operas might be one of the most powerful fertility-reducing interventions. |
| Keywords: | Fertility, electricity, television, Pakistan, panel analysis |
| JEL: | J13 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:soa:wpaper:221&r=all |
| By: | Mohana Mondal (University of Waikato); Michael P. Cameron (University of Waikato); Jacques Poot (University of Waikato) |
| Abstract: | Auckland, the largest city of New Zealand, is one of the most diverse cities in the world, with more than 40 percent of its population born abroad, more than 200 ethnicities represented and 160 languages spoken. In this paper, we measure residential sorting of individuals in Auckland by their cultural (ethnicity) and economic (age, income, education, occupation) characteristics for the years 1991-2013. We use entropy-based measures of residential sorting as our preferred measure, and find that individuals exhibit the greatest residential sorting by ethnicity, compared with sorting by economic characteristics. We also observe that ethnic sorting declined between 1991 and 2013, for broad ethnic groups, but that sorting within the broad ethnic groups has increased. At the broad occupational groups level, sorting has also declined between 1991 and 2013, but the contribution to sorting of within-broad-group occupations has increased. We also observe that the semi-rural fringes of the city are less diverse than the central urban area. |
| Keywords: | residential sorting; cultural sorting; economic sorting; segregation; entropy measures; cultural diversity; economic diversity |
| JEL: | J15 R21 R23 |
| Date: | 2019–04–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:19/03&r=all |
| By: | Mostafa Amir, Sabbih |
| Abstract: | The issue of academic dishonesty has received a considerable amount of attention in academic studies over the past 20 years. Researchers have tried to empirically test a number of determinants and factors to explain academic dishonesty. This article aim to investigate the influence of an integrity culture on discouraging academic dishonesty among graduate students of KDI School through applying the knowledge of previous studies related to the academic integrity culture. It applied simple correlation test to observe the influence of contextual factors including existence of honor codes, chance of getting caught and punishment on the likelihood of cheating. However, it could not find enough evidence to support that a strong academic integrity culture discourage academic dishonesty and suspected that there may be other demographic and cultural factors associated. |
| Keywords: | Academic integrity, contextual factors, higher education, cheating |
| JEL: | I23 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:93012&r=all |
| By: | Rockerbie, Duane; Easton, Stephen |
| Abstract: | This study utilized a number of useful innovations to estimate marginal revenue product’s for Major League Baseball free agents.Two robust results emerged from our empirical results. Free agents that are paid a salary below the MLB average tend to be underpaid, while those paid a salary above the MLB average tend to be overpaid. In addition, free agents on single-year contracts tend to be underpaid, while those on multi-year contracts tend to be overpaid. These results are not consistent with the standard monopsony talent market assumption, unless one resorts to arguing that the talent market is segmented. We develop a simple model of real options to demonstrate how a player can be overpaid or underpaid depending upon the length of the contract, the available opportunities for the player to move during the contract period and the player’s expected performance. We believe that a real options approach to player contracting is an important addition to the market-based approaches relied upon in the past. |
| Keywords: | marginal revenue product; baseball; real options; contracts |
| JEL: | J41 L83 |
| Date: | 2019–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:93062&r=all |