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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2014‒02‒15
six papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro |
| By: | Tanja Sinozic; Tanja Sinozic; Tanja Sinozic; Franz Tödtling; Franz Tödtling; Franz Tödtling |
| Abstract: | This paper explores cluster change using the case example of New Media in Vienna. It addresses the question of how cluster elements (such as firms and institutions) interact to shape and transform the thematic and spatial boundaries of clusters as they shift along their developmental stages. Clusters go through different phases underpinned by technical change, renewing and destroying previous cluster specialisations. Creativity is a key feature in modern economies underlying competitiveness in a range of sectors which cluster in urban areas. Sectors such as software and computer services, advertising and market research, printing and reproduction of recorded media, motion pictures, creative arts and entertainment are supported by regional conditions that enable creative processes in local interacting firms, and the translation of ideas into innovative products and services. These perspectives are used to explore the New Media cluster in Vienna based on 25 semi-structured interviews with firms specialising in New Media technology areas. When analysed using a life cycle perspective of clusters, the findings in this paper suggest that cluster thematic boundaries are shaped by change in technological variety via complex processes such as inter-disciplinary problem-solving in projects, re-activation of latent local and global networks, and firm capabilities to respond to rapidly changing client needs in devices, communication and design. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwsre:sre-disc-2014_01&r=cul |
| By: | Matthew Gentzkow; Jesse M. Shapiro; Daniel F. Stone |
| Abstract: | We review the theoretical literature on market determinants of media bias. We present a theoretical framework that organizes many key themes in the literature, and discuss substantive lessons. |
| JEL: | D21 |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:19880&r=cul |
| By: | Matos, Nelson (University of Algarve); Mendes, Julio (University of Algarve); Valle, Patrícia (University of Algarve) |
| Abstract: | In the present era of social and media mobility the importance of meeting and exceeding the tourists’ needs by offering added value is a key factor to the future and sustainability of any region or tourism destination. However, the financial resources available are gradually scarcer and managers need to find alternative ways to provide added value at lower cost. One option at their disposal is to deliver unique and powerful experiences that may enable tourists to feel engaged with the destination and ultimately satisfied. Despite of the extensive research of previous studies regarding the destination image and the tourism experiences, few have captured in a holistic perspective, the relationship between both constructs. Thus, this paper purpose is to assess the image of the Algarve, before and after the tourism experience at the destination to evaluate the impact(s) of the different tourists’ experiences and its relationship with the tourism destination. The spatio-temporal conceptual model presented, will be later verified using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM). |
| Keywords: | Tourism Experiences; Destination Image; Image Formation |
| JEL: | L80 L83 |
| Date: | 2014–02–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:cieodp:2014_005&r=cul |
| By: | Sonia SCHWARTZ (Université d'Auvergne); Jean Galbert ONGONO OLINGA; Eric Nazindigouba KERE; Pascale COMBES MOTEL; Jean-Louis COMBES; Johanna CHOUMERT; Ariane Manuela AMIN |
| Abstract: | Protected areas are increasingly used as a tool to fight against deforestation. This paper presents new evidence on the spillover effects that occur in the decision to deforest and the creation of protected areas in local administrative entities in Brazilian Legal Amazon over the 2001-2011 period. We also highlight the interdependence between these two decisions. We proceed in two steps. First, we assumed that protected areas are created to stop the negative effects of deforestation on biodiversity. In order to control for the non-random location of protected areas, biodiversity indicators are used as excluded instruments. This model is estimated using a spatial model with instrumental variables. Second, a simultaneous system of spatially interrelated cross sectional equations is used to take into account the interdependence between the decision to deforest and the creation of protected areas. Our results show (i) that deforestation activities of neighboring municipalities are complements and that (ii) there is evidence of leakage in the sense that protected areas may shift deforestation to neighboring municipalities. The net effect of protected areas on deforestation remains however negative; it is moreover stable across two sub-periods. Our results confirm the important role of protected areas to curb deforestation and thereby biodiversity erosion. Moreover, they show that strategic interactions deserve attention in the effectiveness of conservation policies. |
| Keywords: | Protected areas; deforestation; spatial interactions; simultaneous equations; Brazil; Amazon |
| JEL: | C31 Q57 Q23 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdi:wpaper:1537&r=cul |
| By: | Joy Buchanan (Interdisciplinary Center for Economic Science and Department of Economics, George Mason University); Bart Wilson (Economic Science Institute, Chapman University) |
| Abstract: | We conduct a laboratory experiment to explore whether the protection of intellectual property (IP) incentivizes people to create non-rivalrous knowledge goods, foregoing the production of other rivalrous goods. In the contrasting treatment with no IP protection, participants are free to resell and remake non-rivalrous knowledge goods originally created by others. We find that creators reap substantial profits when IP is protected and that rampant pirating is common when there is no IP protection, but IP protection in and of itself is neither necessary nor sufficient for generating wealth from the discovery of knowledge goods. Rather, individual entrepreneurship is the key. Length: 36 |
| Keywords: | intellectual property, experimental economics |
| JEL: | C92 D89 K39 |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gms:wpaper:1044&r=cul |
| By: | Rama Ramswamy |
| Abstract: | Handlooms an age old tradition of the rich cultural heritage of India is an important sector with respect to its size and employment potential. It is the second largest employment provider after agriculture, providing employment to 12 million families. Clusters and clustering of small firms is increasingly becoming an important tool in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) development in both developed and developing economies. Since centuries, India developed a system of specialised handloom concentrations throughout the country. Handloom and handicraft clusters dominate the cluster landscape of the country. The cluster model of developing traditional micro enterprises has shown success in handloom clusters in the country. Marketing, however, has been a general problem faced by the handloom industry in India, since these products are known for niche marketing. The Chanderi (Madhya Pradesh) and Kannur (Kerala) clusters are examples of how with the required institutional support they have become benchmark clusters for others to emulate by making inroads into international markets. Key words: marketing, marketing problems, micro enterprise, micro artisan enterprises |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vor:issues:2013-9-10&r=cul |