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on Cultural Economics |
| By: | Gillian Doyle (Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)) |
| Abstract: | The audiovisual sector is a significant component of the economy in terms of wealth creation and employment and audiovisual industries also play an important cultural role. This study reviews the main forces driving patterns of trade in audiovisual (mainly television and film) and identifies key issues that may potentially impact on trade liberalization and open markets. It analyzes economic aspects of the audiovisual sector and how these influence patterns of international trade. The report also examines the regulatory environment, including frameworks for transnational coordination of copyright. Cultural issues that may affect trade in audiovisual goods and services are considered. The study concludes with reflections on how open markets can be reconciled with cultural objectives which are an intrinsic aspect of the audiovisual sector. |
| Keywords: | Audio-visual Services, Audio-visual sector, international trade and cultural policy, regulatory environment, audio-visual industries, international trade in services |
| JEL: | F2 |
| Date: | 2012–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:macroe:23322&r=cul |
| By: | Ballon, Pieter; Bleyen, Valérie-Anne; Donders, Karen; Lindmark, Sven |
| Abstract: | In this paper, the principles of multi-sided platform theory and value network analysis are used in order to give a detailed picture of the financing and revenue sharing models present in the audiovisual media industry in Flanders. By means of expert interviews, we verify whether the counter-logics of platform ecosystems and the double marginalisation effect of double platform markets pertain to the Flemish audiovisual media industry. We also discuss the impact of new entrants such as over-the-top players on the audiovisual ecosystem in general. -- |
| Keywords: | Digital television,multi-sided platform theory,value network analysis,revenue sharing models,double marginalisation,over-the-top players |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse12:60344&r=cul |
| By: | Berggren, Niclas (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)); Bjørnskov, Christian (Aarhus University) |
| Abstract: | Social and cultural determinants of economic institutions and outcomes have come to the forefront of economic research. We introduce religiosity, measured as the share for which religion is important in daily life, to explain institutional quality in the form of property rights and the rule of law. Previous studies have only measured the impact of membership shares of different religions, with mixed results. We find, in a cross-country regression analysis comprising up to 112 countries, that religiosity is negatively related to our institutional outcome variables. This only holds in democracies (not autocracies), which suggests that religiosity affects the way institutions work through the political process. Individual religions are not related to our measure of institutional quality. |
| Keywords: | Religion; Religiosity; Rule of law; Property rights; Institutions |
| JEL: | K11 K42 Z12 |
| Date: | 2012–03–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:0905&r=cul |
| By: | Hasan, Dr. Syed Akif; Subhani, Dr. Muhammad Imtiaz; Osman, Ms. Amber |
| Abstract: | Media is the strongest communication channel and one of key players in making the world as a global village. This industry is more apparent to the world’s audience. Pakistan’s media has moved quite fast and is trying to beat the international hues of media. Our media is trying to highlight the problems but solutions are quite suppressed and left out in the open. Hence, it leads to more agitation and detained communication leading to despair of the nation. The role of the media is to voice the real information of the world. It is trying to bring a positive change by various forms for better socio-economic conditions in the long run but why one views so much grim in today’s media channels, print and radio. In particular, talk shows on Pakistan’s different media channels have hyped so much for different topic agendas, which is leading to nowhere. This article will jot out the pros and cons of the media actual purpose behind talk shows. Definitely to answer that is it for increasing rating of the channel, betterment for the society and/or dealing personal grudges against the topic of the show/guests on the show. |
| Keywords: | Media; Talk shows; Globalization; Pakistan; Socio-Economic conditions |
| JEL: | L82 A10 |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:40380&r=cul |
| By: | David Flath |
| Abstract: | In Japan, the newspapers with the greatest daily circulation offer both morning and evening editions in most of their distribution areas. Their prices per page of actual content are different for morning-and-evening subscribers than for morning-only subscribers. So the subscription price schedules could be described as sliding scales. These are tariff schedules that are step functions, and thus nonlinear. My focus is on two aspects of nonlinear pricing by Japanese newspapers. The first is that pricing and circulation of the differing editions reveal parameters of the demand for newspaper content. I estimate these parameters using nonlinear least squares and find that price elasticity of demand is around 1.2, while elasticity of demand with respect to pages of content is around 0.5. Estimates from micro-data have price elasticity around 1.3 and elasticity with respect to pages of content around 0.4. The second aspect of nonlinear pricing on which I focus is the distorting effect of demandersf incentive compatibility constraints on the newspaper publishersf choice of newspaper content. The newspaper publishers wastefully reduce the number of pages of content of their morning editions to deter morning-and-evening subscribers from cancelling their evening subscriptions. It is wasteful in the sense that the marginal value to subscribers of an additional page of content in the morning edition is less than the marginal cost. |
| Date: | 2012–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:0851&r=cul |
| By: | Young Hoon Lee (Department of Economics, Sogang University, Seoul); Jigyu Chung (Samsung Sports Administration Team); Joonho Kang (Seoul National University) |
| Abstract: | Attendance is determined by the ex ante expectation on the quality of a game, while television viewing is influenced by the actual progression of a game since switching television channel costs nil. This implies that the determinants of baseball demand on television may change as the games progress. This paper examines the dynamic relationship between the demand for baseball games on television and the uncertainty of game outcomes. In particular, it analyzes the inning-varying coefficients in the television rating regression equation. According to our empirical study, the expectation of a game outcome uncertainty and the game quality, which are formed before a game begins, significantly influence the television viewership in the first inning; however, their effects reduce gradually as the games progress. On the other hand, actual tightness of competition, offensive performance, and turnovers do not impact television viewership in the early part of a game, yet, theses factors become major determinants of the television demand in the later part of a game. |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sgo:wpaper:1206&r=cul |
| By: | Selvakumar, Ekambar; Huang, Jin; Aidi, Laili; Markendahl, Jan I.; Tollmar, Konrad; Blennerud, Greger |
| Abstract: | -- |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse12:60404&r=cul |
| By: | David Flath |
| Abstract: | In Japan, newspapers enjoy a special exemption from antimonopoly prohibitions against resale price maintenance (suppliers' stipulations that bar downstream firms from price discounting), but are each required to set uniform prices throughout Japan. In fact, the newspapers have rarely changed their subscription prices in recent years, and the three leading national dailies, together accounting for about half the total industry circulation, and thirteen other papers accounting for another one eighth of industry circulation, all have set exactly the same price (3,925 yen per month for combined morning-and-evening editions, and 3,007 yen per month for morning-only). The remaining local papers all set lower prices. The authorized resale price maintenance, and prohibition against prices that vary geographically, arguably have allowed collusive price increases, but by precisely how much it is difficult to judge. I here estimate that if the coordinated pricing of the leading national and local newspapers is inflating their prices by 340 yen per month (about a 10 percent increase in their prices), it entails economic waste of 86-billion yen ($1-billion) per year but is adding only around 5-billion yen per year to newspaper industry profit. The estimate is based on an econometric model of newspaper demand, estimated for 47 Japanese newspapers using March 2007 micro-data. The paper also estimates the demand and supply of newspaper advertising and a newspaper subscription price equation using 2007 cross-section data. The subscription pricing equation reflects the interdependence of demand between morning-only subscriptions and morning-and-evening subscriptions offered by the same newspaper. |
| Date: | 2012–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:0850&r=cul |
| By: | Aurelian Plopeanu, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”; Peter Foldvari; Bas van Leeuwen; Jan Luiten van Zanden (Universiteit Utrecht and Erasmus University Rotterdam) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we try to establish the link between book production and the spread of “ideas” as proxied by patents. Two mechanisms may be distinguished. First, in the initial phase of economic development, the production of books may stimulate the accumulation of knowledge already present in society. After such an accumulation is complete, books may stimulate a common research focus within a certain geographic space. Applying this to the case of England, we find that books indeed had a significant on the number of patents during the second Industrial Revolution. However, when education became increasingly important, the role of books eventually broke down in the second half of the twentieth century. This pattern does not hold true for less developed regions where, due to the lack of efficient education, linguistic fragmentation, an overwhelmingly oral culture, and a structural different kind of knowledge, book production stagnated and no knowledge could be imported (for example via translated books). |
| Keywords: | book production, patents, ideas, economic development, England, world |
| Date: | 2012–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucg:wpaper:0033&r=cul |