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on Cultural Economics |
| By: | de Tissot, Olivier (ESSEC Business School); Wagner-Edelman, Francine (Barreau de Paris) |
| Abstract: | The authors analyse the present and coming financial consequences of the revolution caused by the new communication media (TV broadcast, DVD, internet…) towards the diffusion of literary and artistic works protected by intellectual property laws to an increasingly larger public. They successively describe the ongoing extension of the sense of protected works, the concomitant increase of incomes of property rights and the problems raised by the protection of these rights against piracy (Hadopi law), and finally the management perspectives of these rights by means of new legal licences controlled by companies in charge of collecting and distributing royalties (Sociétés de Perception et de Répartition des Droits - SPRD). |
| Keywords: | Companies in Charge of Collecting and Distributing Royalties; Hadopi Laws; Intellectual Property; Legal Licences; Piracy; Protected Works |
| JEL: | K00 |
| Date: | 2010–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ebg:essewp:dr-10002&r=cul |
| By: | Paul Sarfo-Mensah (Bureau of Integrated Rural Development, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources (CANR), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)); William Oduro (Wildlife and Range Management, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, CANR, KNUST); Fredrick Antoh Fredua (Bureau of Integrated Rural Development, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources (CANR), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)); Stephen Amisah (Wildlife and Range Management, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, CANR, KNUST) |
| Abstract: | Local cosmologies and traditional perceptions of the natural environment, especially forests, have been a major influence in the management of the natural resources and biodiversity amongst rural communities in the transitional zone of Ghana. Sacred groves, which are typical outputs of traditional conservation practices, derive from indigenous religious beliefs and perceptions of forest. Sacred groves are believed to be the abode of local gods, ancestral spirits and other super natural beings. These beliefs and perceptions have in the past strongly supported the conservation of biodiversity. However, changes in local cosmologies threaten the protection of rare species, habitats and ecological processes. Data from the study confirm evidence from several studies in Ghana and elsewhere in West Africa that the tremendous ecological, social, institutional, religious and economic changes in communities that have protected sacred groves threaten the survival of these cultural artefacts. The paper demonstrates that in contemporary natural resources management, the sacred grove model may still be used as a means of restoring and protecting landscapes in indigenous communities. Even in communities where population explosion and economic pressures have reached thresholds that undermine the natural landscape, the model may still be useful to keep pockets of forests within the landscape. |
| Keywords: | Sacred Grove, Cultural Artefact, Communal Resource, Degradation, Sustainability and Biodiversity |
| JEL: | Q5 |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2010.87&r=cul |
| By: | Ronen Bar-El (The Open University); Teresa García-Muñoz (Universidad de Granada); Shoshana Neuman (Department of Economics, Bar Ilan University); Yossef Tobol (Department of Economics, Bar Ilan University) |
| Abstract: | This study presents an evolutionary process of secularization that integrates a theoretical model, simulations, and an empirical estimation that employs data from 32 countries (included in the International Social Survey Program: Religion II – ISSP, 1998). Following Bisin and Verdier (2000, 2001a), it is assumed that cultural/social norms are transmitted from one generation to the next one via two venues: (i) direct socialization – across generations, by parents; and (ii) oblique socialization – within generations, by the community and cultural environment. This paper focuses on the transmission of religious norms and in particular on the 'religious taste for children'. The theoretical framework describes the setting and the process leading to secularization of the population; the simulations give more insight into the process; and 'secularization regressions' estimate the effects of the various explanatory variables on secularization (that is measured by rare mass-attendance and by rare-prayer), lending support to corollaries derived from the theory and simulations. The main conclusions/findings are that (i) direct religious socialization efforts of one generation have a negative effect on secularization within the next generation; (ii) oblique socialization by the community has a parabolic effect on secularization; and (iii) the two types of socialization are complements in 'producing' religiosity of the next generation. |
| Keywords: | cultural transmission, religion, fertility, secularization, ISSP |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:biu:wpaper:2010-10&r=cul |