| Abstract: |
In 1917, when the American Society of Independent Artists refused to exhibit a
porcelain urinal that Marcel Duchamp had submitted to them as a sculpture, a
friend of Duchamp's wrote : "There are those who anxiously ask: 'Is he serious
or is he joking?' Perhaps he is both!" Duchamp's behavior - making a
provocative and radically innovative artistic gesture, then declining to
explain his motives in the face of accusations that this was a hoax - became a
model that subsequently inspired a series of iconoclastic young conceptual
innovators. These include many of the most important artists of the twentieth
century, and their line of descent runs from Joseph Beuys, Andy Warhol, Yves
Klein, and Piero Manzoni to Gilbert & George, Jeff Koons, Tracey Emin and
Damien Hirst. The ambiguity of these artists' actions has triggered heated and
persistent debates over the sincerity of their work, which have increased the
effectiveness of the work's attacks on existing artistic conventions at the
same time that they have advanced the artists' reputations and careers. The
model of the conceptual artist as trickster is a novel feature of the
innovative conceptual art of the past century, and it has produced a type of
conceptual art that is more personal than nearly all other forms of art: we
can never look at their work without thinking not only of their ideas - what
is the artistic significance of a manufactured object purchased at a hardware
store, or a silkscreen of a photograph taken from a magazine - but also of
their attitudes - was Fountain or Fat Chair really intended to be taken
seriously? |