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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2025–02–17
six papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira, Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | D'Allesandro, Francesco; Santarelli, Enrico; Vivarelli, Marco |
| Abstract: | In this paper we integrate the insights of the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship and Innovation (KSTE+I) with Schumpeter's idea that innovative entrepreneurs creatively apply available local knowledge, possibly mediated by Marshallian, Jacobian and Porter spillovers. In more detail, in this study we assess the degree of pervasiveness and the level of opportunities brought about by AI technologies by testing the possible correlation between the regional AI knowledge stock and the number of new innovative ventures (that is startups patenting in any technological field in the year of their foundation). Empirically, by focusing on 287 Nuts-2 European regions, we test whether the local AI stock of knowledge exerts an enabling role in fostering innovative entry within AI-related local industries (AI technologies as focused enablers) and within non AI-related local industries, as well (AI technologies as generalised enablers). Results from Negative Binomial fixed-effect and Poisson fixed-effect regressions (controlled for a variety of concurrent drivers of entrepreneurship) reveal that the local AI knowledge stock does promote the spread of innovative startups, so supporting both the KSTE+I approach and the enabling role of AI technologies; however, this relationship is confirmed only with regard to the sole high-tech/AI-related industries. |
| JEL: | O33 L26 |
| Date: | 2024–08–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024016 |
| By: | Damioli, Giacomo; Van Roy, Vincent; Vértesy, Dániel; Vivarelli, Marco |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative innovation with the potential to drive significant economic growth and productivity gains. This study examines whether AI is initiating a technological revolution, signifying a new technological paradigm, using the perspective of evolutionary neo-Schumpeterian economics. Using a global dataset combining information on AI patenting activities and their applicants between 2000 and 2016, our analysis reveals that AI patenting has accelerated and substantially evolved in terms of its pervasiveness, with AI innovators shifting from the ICT core industries to non-ICT service industries over the investigated period. Moreover, there has been a decrease in concentration of innovation activities and a reshuffling in the innovative hierarchies, with innovative entries and young and smaller applicants driving this change. Finally, we find that AI technologies play a role in generating and accelerating further innovations (so revealing to be “enabling technologies”, a distinctive feature of GPTs). All these features have characterised the emergence of major technological paradigms in the past and suggest that AI technologies may indeed generate a paradigmatic shift. |
| JEL: | O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2024–08–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024018 |
| By: | Vallejo, Bertha |
| Abstract: | Despite the interest in African industrialization, sub-Saharan Africa’s path towards science, technology and innovation (STI)-led development has been slow. The underdeveloped capacity for dynamic interactions among the actors in the innovation system (i.e., firms, knowledge centers, governments, and civil society) has contributed to this slow development. Innovation capacity results from technological efforts by firms over time, but these efforts should align with the firms’ characteristics and environment. The large pool of small and medium firms in African manufacturing should be considered when designing STI policies. The context within which these policies are implemented is critical for the evolution of the innovation system and the dynamism of its actors. |
| JEL: | O14 O39 O55 |
| Date: | 2024–08–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024019 |
| By: | Kaushik, Rituparna; Paul, Sourabh Bikas; Sartorello Spinola, Danilo (RS: UNU-MERIT) |
| Abstract: | This article studies the innovation effort in India through the education of corporate board members obtained from prestigious STEM higher education institutes known as the Indian Institute of Technology (IITs). Our primary aim is to enquire whether firms with director/s having an IIT-Bachelors’ degree in their corporate boards positively impact the firm’s innovation effort. To answer this question, we build a novel dataset merging two micro-level databases: CMIE-Prowess (firm innovation) and NSE-Infobase (board of directors' characteristics). Based on the sample of 6151 Indian firms for 2006-2015, we find that overall, having board members with IIT-Bachelor’s qualifications do enhance innovation efforts to some extent. However, the positive effect on innovation effort becomes more robust when the director has a research degree over their IIT- Bachelors’ degree. The paper highlights that when it comes to innovation efforts, the dominant narrative of relying solely on IIT-STE M elite undergraduate education (IIT-Bachelor’s) is insufficient and should also focus on and prioritize research education. |
| JEL: | O31 G30 I23 |
| Date: | 2023–04–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2023014 |
| By: | Ziesemer, Thomas (Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn, RS: GSBE MORSE) |
| Abstract: | The empirical investigation of properties of an endogenous growth model by Huang, Lai, and Peretto (2023) in this paper confirms important assumptions and results of the model for OECD countries. Labour-augmenting technical change is enhanced through private and public R&D stocks in FMOLS and DOLS mean-group estimations, and pooled mean-group (PMG) estimation, also when adding the number of enterprises. The CES spillover functions in the growth models functions for R&D stock dynamics are supported through nonlinear estimation under the assumptions of identical or different spillover parameters for private and public R&D. We suggest strong public-to-private spillovers and weak private-to-public spillovers as well as high elasticities of substitution for private-public R&D stocks for private R&D processes and low CES for public R&D processes. We confirm the existence of private-public researcher interaction effects in the private R&D knowledge growth function and provide tentative evi dence for the linear relation between public researchers and firm-level R&D and the hump-shaped relation between public and private researchers (both as % labour force). A vector-autoregressive (VAR) panel model in growth rates produces results, which are in accordance with the impact of public R&D cuts on the steady state and the transitional dynamics of the HLP model. |
| JEL: | O41 O38 O47 |
| Date: | 2024–02–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024002 |
| By: | Fusillo, Fabrizio; Nenci, Silvia; Pietrobelli, Carlo (RS: UNU-MERIT); Quatraro, F. |
| Abstract: | Although evolutionary economics has extensively analyzed the evolution of industries in relation to innovation and technology lifecycles, the interplay between industry lifecycles and evolutionary patterns of knowledge networks has not been fully explored yet. This work aims to bridge this gap by analyzing the co-evolutionary patterns of knowledge and trade flows in the mining industry, using social network tools in combination with the Schumpeterian tradition of analysis. The study focuses on three Latin American countries: Brazil, Chile, and Peru, where the mining sector plays a significant role in the economy, particularly in the context of energy and digital transitions. Our findings suggest that the innovation network and the global value chain-trade network display divergent co-evolutionary patterns: while the former tends to be stable and concentrated, the latter shows increasing fragmentation and turbulence. The analysis also shows remarkable evolutionary evidence at the country level. |
| JEL: | L10 L72 O30 F14 N56 |
| Date: | 2023–10–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2023037 |