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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2024‒07‒08
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira, Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | DiMaria, charles-henri |
| Abstract: | Innovation outcomes are typically linked to measurable resources such as R&D expenses and the number of researchers. However, we show that innovation outcomes are also significantly influenced by the National Innovation System, an aspect often overlooked in the existing literature. The National Innovation System encompasses challenging-to-measure resources such as the amount of staff training, the extent of university-industry or cross-industry collaboration, and the level of intellectual property rights. We demonstrate, using a Data Envelopment Analysis model, that cross-country differences in National Innovation Systems account for a significant share of relative inefficiencies in producing innovation from typical innovation inputs. This finding suggests that countries can support long-term economic growth by simply fostering and advancing a National Innovation System. |
| Keywords: | Data Envelopment Analysis, National Innovation System, country efficiency heterogeneity |
| JEL: | E22 O32 O47 |
| Date: | 2024–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120800&r= |
| By: | Lars Van Cutsem; Marleen Willekens; Koenraad Debackere |
| Abstract: | In this study, we leverage the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) valuation methodology to reexamine how innovation links to economic value estimates of firms, and how size moderates this relationship. As DCF valuation can be applied to a complete spectrum of firm sizes, ranging from small privately-held to large publicly-listed firms, our study provides more exhaustive evidence on the link between innovation and economic firm value across for all types of firms. This contrasts prior studies that typically draw inferences based on market valuations of publicly listed firms. We show that innovation is positively and statistically significantly related to the economic value in both large and small firms, and that firm size negatively moderates this link. Notably, innovation is more substantially linked to the economic value estimates of small firms than larger ones. These findings are robust to various controls, alternative operationalisations, including survey-reported innovation in the Community Innovation Survey (CIS), and a battery of robustness tests for the DCF valuation approach. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:msiper:742970&r= |
| By: | Wadho, Waqar; Chaudhry, Azam |
| Abstract: | New processes significantly affect firms and workers; however, due to a lack of quantitative indicators, our understanding of the measures, determinants, and impacts of new processes remains limited. Drawing on unique data from Pakistan, we analyzed five different measures of process innovation output: cost reductions, defect rate reductions, reductions in production cycle time, increases in production capacity, and improvement in product quality. We find that the breadth and depth of innovative capabilities, level of competition, and availability of market sources of knowledge are important inducers of process innovation and that smaller firms are more likely to introduce new processes and are better able to transform them into higher output. All five process innovation outputs are associated with higher labor productivity and higher sales. We do not find that adopting new processes led to labor displacement; however, there is suggestive evidence that new processes led to the increased employment of skilled workers. |
| Keywords: | Technology, Innovation, Process innovation, Cost-reduction, Labor productivity, Developing countries, Textiles & Apparel, Pakistan |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 J23 J24 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1443&r= |
| By: | RADOVANOVIC Nikola (European Commission - JRC); FABBRI Emanuele (European Commission - JRC); MATUSIAK Monika (European Commission - JRC); CONTE Andrea (European Commission - JRC); SALOTTI Simone (European Commission - JRC); DOSSO Mafini; HOLLANDERS Hugo; MERKELBACH Iris; TOLIAS Yannis; DURAN SILVA Nicolau; FUSTER MARTÍ Enric; MASSUCCI Francesco A.; PLAZAS Adrià |
| Abstract: | All Western Balkan economies launched their first respective Smart Specialisation strategy development processes by 2018, wishing to enhance their innovation policy frameworks with the evidence-based and participatory approach for revealing priority areas for policy intervention. Within these efforts, the economies had a complex task to thoroughly analyse their promising domains through economic, innovation and scientific mapping exercises. This report gives an overview of the regional competitiveness based on providing evidence on specialisation as well as emerging areas, highlighting their potential in detail. Although common patterns of economic specialisation are relatively rare, Western Balkan economies express a certain potential for science&technology collaborations. Smart Specialisation processes can enhance regional collaborations and contribute to bridging gaps between Science and Industry. |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136606&r= |
| By: | Naughton, Barry; Cheung, Tai Ming |
| Abstract: | The brief summarizes discussions and findings from the workshop on China’s Industrial Policy: Sectors and Resources, which was hosted by the UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation (IGCC) with support from the UC San Diego 21st Century China Center, on September 30 – October 2, 2022. Held in La Jolla, California on the UC San Diego campus, the workshop examined Chinese industrial policies in the sectors in which China hopes to make the biggest technological leaps, including highperformance computing, artificial intelligence, electric vehicles, solar, robots, aerospace, and biotech. Participants from leading universities, think tanks, and industry, along with U.S. government representatives, shared their research and observations along China’s industrial policy life cycle, from formulation to implementation. |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, china, industrial policy, sectors, resources |
| Date: | 2022–11–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt7sz6s3gb&r= |
| By: | MURZYN Dorota |
| Abstract: | The aim of this report is to investigate the potential for harnessing key features of Transformative Innovation to improve the design and the implementation of Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) strategies, based on empirical analyses. The study draws on the conceptual framework on this question previously defined for the JRC (European Commission, 2024), and the methodology for case studies articulated in the same report. The case study research comprises overall 14 case study reports covering 16 different territories from across the EU and beyond, casing various institutional contexts, a variety of biogeographical regions within different climate risks, different ranges of population sizes, and representing a diversity of approaches to CCA and transformative innovation1 . The framework takes the form of an analytical grid, structured into seven sections, each of them representing a key feature of the ‘transformative innovation’ approach where the features are understood as essential conditions for the design and implementation of CCA strategies with this high level of ambition. Each section sets out the main question(s) to be addressed in relation to its respective transformative innovation feature. This report provides the findings for the region of Emilia Romagna, Italy, as at November 2023, and is the result of a collaboration between the Joint Research Centre (JRC), DG CLIMA and DG RTD. |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc137319&r= |
| By: | Melanie Dunger; Janina Kraus |
| Abstract: | Effectively combating climate change requires a dual approach: individual and industrial transformation. However, to mitigate climate change the synergies between individual Pro-Environmental Behavior (PEB) and climate engineering techniques, such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), have often been neglected, thereby promoting only one of them. This study examines the relationship between PEB and the acceptance of CCS, taking into account attitudes toward climate change, norms, trust, and uncertainty aversion. Our analysis of survey data reveals a positive relationship between PEB and the acceptance of CCS, with PEB serving as a mediator linking attitudes toward climate change to CCS-acceptance. Our findings demonstrate the urgency of advancing PEB and technology-integrated strategies for climate mitigation. Therefore, this study contributes to the ongoing conversation about how to combine technological solutions with individual actions to successfully mitigate climate change. |
| Keywords: | Pro-Environmental Behavior, Carbon Capture and Storage, Technology Acceptance, Attitudes, Climate Change |
| JEL: | Q54 Q55 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:atv:wpaper:2401&r= |
| By: | Richard G. Lipsey (Simon Fraser University (Professor Emeritus)) |
| Abstract: | This paper distinguishes four types of public policies that seek to encourage growth-inducing technological advance: technology, R&D, industrial, and science policies. The first three are typically treated under the single heading ‘industrial policy’, which is a source of confusion since each is administered by different agents and often with different objectives. Evidence of successes and failures of any one of the policies defined here is often incorrectly taken to apply to the other policies. Evidence for the symbiotic relation between the public and the private sectors is outlined, although typically ignored by in formal growth theories. The massive influence of science policy on economic growth, also typically ignored by in growth theories, is a largely unintended byproduct of scientific advance. A policy implication of the approach in this paper is to stress science, technology, and R&D policies, putting much less stress on industrial policy as defined here. |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sfu:sfudps:dp24-01&r= |
| By: | J. Ignacio Conde-Ruiz; Juan-José Ganuza; Manuel García-Santana; Carlos Victoria |
| Abstract: | This article examines gender gaps in higher education in Spain from 1985 to 2023 in the context of technological advancements, particularly digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI). We identify significant disparities, with women over represented in health-related fields and underrepresented in STEM disciplines. This imbalance is concerning as STEM fields offer better employment prospects and higher salaries. We analyze university degrees' exposure to technological change through Routine Task Intensity (RTI) and AI exposure indices. Our findings show that women are more enrolled in degrees with high RTI, prone to automation, and less in degrees with high AI exposure, likely to benefit from technological advancements. This suggests technological change could widen existing labor market gender gaps. To address this, we recommend policies to boost female participation in STEM fields and adapt educational curricula to reduce routine tasks and enhance AI complementarities, ensuring equitable labor market outcomes amid technological change. |
| Keywords: | gender gaps, artificial intelligence, higher education, STEM, technological change, self-actualization |
| JEL: | I23 I26 J16 J24 |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bge:wpaper:1450&r= |