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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2022‒08‒29
seven papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Francesco Cinnirella; Erik Hornung; Julius Koschnick |
| Abstract: | Economic societies emerged during the late eighteenth-century. We argue that these institutions reduced the costs of accessing useful knowledge by adopting, producing, and diffusing new ideas. Combining location information for the universe of 3,300 members across active economic societies in Germany with those of patent holders and World’s Fair exhibitors, we show that regions with more members were more innovative in the late nineteenth-century. This long-lasting effect of societies arguably arose through agglomeration economies and localized knowledge spillovers. To support this claim, we provide evidence suggesting an immediate increase in manufacturing, an earlier establishment of vocational schools, and a higher density of highly skilled mechanical workers by mid-nineteenth century in regions with more members. We also show that regions with members from the same society had higher similarity in patenting, suggesting that social networks facilitated spatial knowledge diffusion and, to some extent, shaped the geography of innovation. |
| Keywords: | economic societies, useful knowledge, knowledge diffusion, innovation, social networks |
| JEL: | N33 O33 O31 O43 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9836&r= |
| By: | Jeong, Hyunju; Suh, Dong Hee |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Productivity Analysis, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:322122&r= |
| By: | SBARDELLA Angelica; BARBIERI Nicolò; CONSOLI Davide; NAPOLITANO Lorenzo (European Commission - JRC); PERRUCHAS François; PUGLIESE Emanuele (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The brief provides an overview of green technological development across European regions employing the Economic Fitness Complexity approach to establish a green technology space. The study explores the associations between comparative advantage in specific technological domains and a region’s capacity to develop green technologies, i.e. its Green Fitness. Furthermore, it addresses the interaction between the green and non-green knowledge bases, with a particular focus on whether regional know-how in the non-green technological realm can be exploited in the green domain and vice versa. To this aim, a metric of regional Green Potential is proposed. The analysis suggests that regions specialised in green domains, irrespective of their complexity, have a higher propensity to develop technologies connected with green technologies. Green technologies are linked mostly to technologies related to the production or transformation of materials; with engines and pumps; and with construction methods. The regions with the highest Green Potential are not necessarily those with the highest Green Fitness. The results suggest that there is a potential for green and non-green technological advances to generate positive spillovers in terms of capabilities to produce innovations across the spectrum of technological complexity. |
| Keywords: | Green Deal, Economic Complexity, Green Capabilities, Regional Green Potential |
| Date: | 2022–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc124696&r= |
| By: | Lamiae Benhayoun-Sadafiyine (LITEM - Laboratoire en Innovation, Technologies, Economie et Management (EA 7363) - UEVE - Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne - Université Paris-Saclay - IMT-BS - Institut Mines-Télécom Business School - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], TIM - Département Technologies, Information & Management - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IMT-BS - Institut Mines-Télécom Business School - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Marie-Anne Le Dain (G-SCOP_CC - Conception collaborative - G-SCOP - Laboratoire des sciences pour la conception, l'optimisation et la production - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Carine Dominguez-Péry (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Andrew C. Lyons (University of Liverpool) |
| Abstract: | SMEs increasingly participate in collaborative innovation networks (CINs), enabling them to access valuable external knowledge from other actors while maintaining high levels of internal competencies. The SME absorbs this knowledge to achieve reciprocal learning through its contribution to the common CIN goals, and one-way learning to improve its own organization's performance. This knowledge absorption varies according to the SME's context, described with factors such as the turbulence of its external environment, the motivations to contribute to the CIN, or the cognitive distance separating it from the network actors. To better guide this knowledge absorption, this research uses a two-stage mixed method to propose a contextualized operational measure of absorptive capacity (ACAP) for an SME embedded in a CIN. A qualitative phase consisting of semi-structured interviews was implemented first and enabled characterizing the SME's ACAP through a set of practices and dimensions that it could implement. Then a quantitative phase using the partial least squares (PLS) method established a model predicting the absorption dimensions and practices that the SME should master primarily according to its context in the CIN. Hence, this study provides SMEs with an instrument to assess their strengths and weaknesses with regard to ACAP in CINs. |
| Keywords: | SME,Collaborative network,Open innovation,Absorptive capacity,Inter-organizational learning,Partial least squares |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03144459&r= |
| By: | Mac Clay, Pablo; Sellare, Jorge |
| Abstract: | The adoption of new bio-based technologies that reduce our reliance on fossil fuels is presented as a path to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while creating new business opportunities. Such a transition towards a bio-based economy will require substantial investments in technological innovations that will likely affect how value chains are structured and which actors benefit from this transformation. Yet, previous studies on the bioeconomy have largely ignored the relationship between the structure of value chains and the rate of technological innovation. In this article, we analyze the link between technological innovation, value chain structures, and welfare distribution in the transition to a bioeconomy. We find that an acceleration in the rate of bioeconomy innovation is associated with shorter and more vertically coordinated value chains, bigger firms with higher market shares, increasing knowledge-sharing among value chain members, and a leading role by firms with core research capabilities. Finally, we argue that while bio-based innovation can potentially achieve environmental sustainability, it creates risks for the weakest value chain actors. Thus, we propose some lines of thought regarding the potential distributional effects of bio-based innovation. From a policy perspective, this debate is relevant to safeguarding social sustainability in the transition to a bioeconomy. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2022–08–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:323957&r= |
| By: | Dilmetz, Daniel |
| Abstract: | This dissertation aims to answer current research questions related to entrepreneurship. Since the works of Joseph Schumpeter (1883 - 1950), who attributed the development of capitalism to entrepreneurship, it has been one of the most important factors influencing technological progress and the growth of economic structures. The motives of a person to become an entrepreneur are complex. While some founders actively pursue the goal of realizing themselves and being able to act autonomously, others discover an opportunity and develop an entrepreneurial initiative from this discovery, which ultimately results in their entrepreneurial action. Also, the change of circumstances, the environment, or other regularities can an individual to recognize an entrepreneurial opportunity. Ourselves have been experiencing such a change since the year 2020 when the Covid-19 pandemic changed our lives to an extent unimagined at that time. As a result, new problems of everyday life also arose, which were not infrequently addressed by innovations from start-up companies to ensure the safety of society in these times and still allow normal life to continue. Two years later, taking advantage of the technologies that have emerged, we have adapted. We now carry our vaccination records digitally at all times, use apps on our smartphones to track our whereabouts, and traditional meetings in our workday are replaced by digital meetings using apps like Zoom or Teams. Society is evolving and using the products and services of innovative young companies to counter the ”new now” and move on with life. In line with the high relevance of entrepreneurship for economic and social development and the advance of technological progress, research in this field has also expanded rapidly in recent decades, encompassing a considerable number of sub-fields. However, two questions, in particular, preoccupy this field of research: The origin of entrepreneurs and how they differ from other individuals, and the question of how entrepreneurs can exercise sustainable successful entrepreneurship. Concerning the origin of the entrepreneur, the question of whether founders are born or if the skills needed for successful entrepreneurship can be learned has prevailed almost since the beginning of research in the field of entrepreneurship. In the context of this question, educational institutions such as universities are the focus of research endeavors. Concerning the sustainable success of an enterprise, the acquisition of the necessary resources is crucial. In particular, securing financial resources is the most important challenge for the entrepreneur. From these two points of view, two of the largest scopes of research in the field of entrepreneurship have developed over the past decades: entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial finance. This dissertation consists of a total of three studies that provide new insights in both areas and thus make a significant contribution to current entrepreneurial research. The first study focuses on the field of entrepreneurial education and investigates how the university ecosystem can influence students' innovation skills. Based on a survey of over 300 students before and after their first year within the university, we demonstrate in this study that individual elements of the university ecosystem can indeed have a positive impact on students' entrepreneurial development. Thus, this study also indicates through empirical findings that individuals can indeed learn the skills for successful entrepreneurial actions, thereby underscoring universities' role and relevance in this endeavor. The second and third studies deal respectively with the field of entrepreneurial financing, referring to a still rather young phenomenon in this field: crowdfunding as an alternative to traditional financing options such as venture capital financing. The second study examines how the use of words associated with creativity in the presentation of a crowdfunding campaign can affect its likelihood of success. This study is based on a dataset of more than 39,000 crowdfunding projects conducted between 2009 and 2019. The results of the study indicate that the use of words associated with creativity, when used to describe the campaign, has significant potential to in-crease the campaign's likelihood of success. This study thus makes a further contribution in terms of identifying signals for reducing information asymmetries between founders and investors. The third study then examines how project initiators can and should inform their supporters about the current status of the campaign. Using a dataset of 909 crowdfunding projects, this study investigates which topics have a particularly high potential to convince potential supporters of the quality of the project and, as a result, to make a financial contribution to the project through this information tool ("updates"). Each study discussed in this dissertation will be conducted with the help of empirical methods. The empirical methodology is explained in detail in each underlying chapter. Likewise, each underlying chapter of a study first deals with an overview of the current state of research and the derivation of the hypotheses related to the respective study. Subsequently, the empirical results of each study are presented and dis-cussed in detail. The final section of this dissertation summarizes the theoretical and practical contribution of the results obtained. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dar:wpaper:133737&r= |
| By: | Krol, Robert (Mercury Publication) |
| Abstract: | Abstract not available. |
| Date: | 2021–05–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ajw:wpaper:11209&r= |