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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2021‒08‒16
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Fitjar, Rune Dahl; Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés |
| Abstract: | The role of cities in fostering innovation has for long been taken for granted. Agglomeration and the knowledge spillovers generated in dense urban environments have been considered fundamental drivers of innovation. This view has, however, become challenged by research questioning the returns to physical agglomeration and local networking, placing instead more emphasis on the importance of interregional and international collaboration, and on innovation in peripheral regions. This paper delves into the debate on the role of cities for innovation by examining the interplay between urban location and local collaboration in Norway. It uses data from the Community Innovation Survey for 2006–2010 to map out the geographical dimension of R&D collaboration in Norwegian firms with a view to assessing whether different types of R&D collaboration in urban and rural locations affect firms’ propensity to innovate. The results show that local collaboration is associated with increased process and organisational innovation, while it does not produce higher levels of product or marketing innovation. Conversely, international collaboration is connected with higher probabilities of product, new-to-market and marketing innovations. Furthermore, location in urban or rural areas makes no difference for most innovation outcomes in Norway when other characteristics are controlled for. Location in cities also does not shape the returns to local R&D collaboration. Hence, the role of cities for innovation in Norway, whether in themselves or as sites for dense local interaction, is less relevant than the urban innovation literature would predict. |
| Keywords: | innovation; firms; networking; collaboration; cities; Norway; 209761 |
| JEL: | L25 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2020–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:101306&r= |
| By: | Giovanni Dosi (LEM - Laboratory of Economics and Management - SSSUP - Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa]); Francesco Lamperti (UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne); Mariana Mazzucato; Mauro Napoletano (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques - Sciences Po - Sciences Po); Andrea Roventini |
| Abstract: | We study the impact of alternative innovation policies on the short- and long-run performance of the economy, as well as on public finances, extending the Schumpeter meeting Keynes agent-based model (Dosi et al., 2010). In particular, we consider market-based innovation policies such as R&D subsidies to firms, tax discount on investment, and direct policies akin to the "Entrepreneurial State" (Mazzucato, 2013), involving the creation of public research oriented firms diffusing technologies along specific trajectories, and funding a Public Research Lab conducting basic research to achieve radical innovations that enlarge the technological opportunities of the economy. Simu- lation results show that all policies improve productivity and GDP growth, but the best outcomes are achieved by active discretionary State policies, which are also able to crowd-in private investment and have positive hysteresis effects on growth dynamics. For the same size of public resources allocated to market-based interventions, "Mission" innovation policies deliver significantly better aggregate performance if the government is patient enough and willing to bear the intrinsic risks related to innovative activities. |
| Keywords: | Innovation policy,mission-oriented R&D,entrepreneurial state,agent-based modelling |
| Date: | 2021–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03300295&r= |
| By: | KAWANISHI Takuya |
| Abstract: | This empirical examination assesses effects of ceasing the public trading of company stock, specifically the practice of "going-private," on subsequent corporate behavior. More specifically, this report identifies effects of going private transactions on corporate restructuring, investment, and innovation activities (patents, R&D) using Japanese going-private-type management buy-out (MBO) data. Firms that conducted public-to-private MBOs are matched with firms that have similar attributes to clarify empirically whether going private promotes corporate innovation activities or restructuring. The study described herein also tests factors underlying changes that occur after going private using a hypothesis related to motives for going private. According to the results, restructuring behaviors are observed after going private, but firm innovation activities are not confirmed among the MBO firms. Buyout funds enhance investment of MBO firms after the buyouts are completed, but they exhibit no effect on innovation activities. |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:21067&r= |
| By: | Dimitrios Exadaktylos; Mahdi Ghodsi; Armando Rungi |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the relationship between patenting activity, productivity, and market competition at the firm level. We focus on the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry as a particular case of an innovative sector whose contribution to modern economies is pivotal. For our purpose, we exploit financial accounts and patenting activity in 2009-2017 by 179,660 companies operating in 39 countries. Our identification strategy relies on the most recent approaches for a difference-in-difference setup in the presence of multiple periods and with variation in treatment time. We find that companies being granted patents increase on average market shares by 11%, firm size by 12%, and capital intensity by 10%. Notably, we do not register a significant impact of patenting on firms' productivity after challenging results for reverse causality and robustness checks. Findings are robust after we consider ownership structures separating patents owned by parent companies and their subsidiaries. We complement our investigation with an analysis of market allocation dynamics. Eventually, we argue that policymakers should reconsider the trade-off between IPR protection and market competition, especially when the benefits to firms' competitiveness are not immediately evident. |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2108.00814&r= |
| By: | Odusola, Ayodele; Mekuria, Fisseha; Mzyece, Mjumo; Mfupe, Luzango |
| Abstract: | Innovation on sustainable ICT technologies to realize affordable broadband connectivity for rural and underserved communities is a crucial component of the effort to achieve the aim of “leaving no one behind by 2030” as championed by the United Nations. Digital connectivity and the creation of a digital entrepreneurial rural ecosystem (DERE) are two interconnected interventions necessary to achieve digital inclusion with rural communities as the main target. This paper defines the ecosystem components for the DERE, which include affordable broadband, sustainable business models and co-creation of relevant ICT services involving beneficiary rural communities. This framework presents a proof of concept on rural SMEs-driven digital inclusion being implemented at four sites in South Africa. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2021–08–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:undpae:313056&r= |
| By: | Anna Gerke (Audencia Recherche - Audencia Business School); Geoff Dickson (La Trobe University [Melbourne]); Veit Wohlgemuth (HTW - University of Applied Sciences [Berlin]) |
| Abstract: | Research question: This paper addresses the following research questions: 1) To what extent do the procedural dimensions of the dynamic capabilities view explain non-profit sport organisations' adaptation to a changing environment? 2) To what extent do non-profit sport organisations develop routinised versus ad hoc dynamic capabilities? Research methods: Guided by an interpretivist approach we conducted semi-structured interviews with senior managers of 20 Australian golf clubs. We coded data guided by the procedural dimensions of the dynamic capabilities view but with inductively emerging sub themes. Results and findings: Our study demonstrates the usefulness of the dynamic capabilities view for investigating strategic processes within non-profit sport organisations. The three procedural dimensions-sensing, seizing, and transforming-captured the different practices undertaken within the golf clubs. Our findings suggest maturity of dynamic capability processes and success with using both routinised and ad hoc processes. Implications: Dynamic capabilities are useful for understanding the ability of non-profit sport organisations to adapt. Furthermore, routinisation depends on the maturity of an organisation's internal management processes and the means available for the latter. |
| Keywords: | dynamic capabilities,golf clubs,non-profit organisation,change management,strategic management |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03295365&r= |
| By: | David Vallat (TRIANGLE - Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IEP Lyon - Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon); Julie Fabbri; Amélie Bohas |
| Abstract: | Open access to knowledge promotes collaboration, sharing, and exchange; further, it nourishes creativity, democratizes innovation (Hippel, 2005, 2017), and facilitates adaptation to a very volatile environment. So how can we favour collaboration and open access knowledge in education to stimulate students'creativity? We propose in this paper to present an experiment of situated learning based on the commons concept. This experiment relies on a method developed by a group of academics studying new work practices and collaborative spaces (the Research Group on Collaborative Spaces): the Open Walked Event-based Experimentation. The OWEE research method relies on collaboration to produce open access knowledge and considers walking in common as a good way to create a community. We adapted the OWEE protocol to a new context-a learning expedition mainly with students in a closed event space-to turn them into active and reflexive visitors of the fair. |
| Keywords: | open knowledge,teaching,learning expeditions,common-pool-resource,Commons |
| Date: | 2019–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03297753&r= |
| By: | Taiwo Adetiloye |
| Abstract: | City logistics involves movements of goods in urban areas respecting the municipal and administrative guidelines. The importance of city logistics is growing over the years especially with its role in minimizing traffic congestion and freeing up of public space for city residents. Collaboration is key to managing city logistics operations efficiently. Collaboration can take place in the form of goods consolidation, sharing of resources, information sharing, etc. We investigate the problems of collaboration planning of stakeholders to achieve sustainable city logistics operations. Two categories of models are proposed to evaluate the collaboration strategies. At the macro level, we have the simplified collaboration square model and advance collaboration square model and at the micro level we have the operational level model. These collaboration decision making models, with their mathematical elaborations on business-to-business, business-to-customer, customer-to-business, and customer-to-customer provide roadmaps for evaluating the collaboration strategies of stakeholders for achieving sustainable city logistics operations attainable under non-chaotic situation and presumptions of human levity tendency. City logistics stakeholders can strive to achieve effective collaboration strategies for sustainable city logistics operations by mitigating the uncertainty effect and understanding the theories behind the moving nature of the individual complexities of a city. To investigate system complexity, we propose axioms of uncertainty and use spider networks and system dynamics modeling to investigate system elements and their behavior over time. |
| Date: | 2021–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2107.14049&r= |
| By: | Masahito Ambashi (Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates which technological development scheme is desirable in technology competition and cumulative innovation with significant uncertainty included in the follow-on innovation. Technology competition is likely to generate a socially overincentive for innovation especially when consumer surplus is negligible. This paper first finds that grant-back clause combined with an appropriate distribution of expected profits mitigates the socially overinvestments in both the initial and follow-on technologies, and therefore, improves social welfare. In particular, this paper shows that if a government authority can specify a particular distribution of expected profits between the firms, the socially optimal investment in the initial technology can be realized. On the other hand, assuming significantly positive consumer surplus instead, this paper reveals that competition in the follow-on technology creates higher social welfare as consumer surplus is large. |
| Keywords: | technology competition, cumulative innovation, initial and follow-on technologies, technological development scheme, grant-back clause |
| JEL: | L24 O32 O34 |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kyo:wpaper:1065&r= |