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on Economics of Strategic Management |
| By: | Enrico Santarelli; Jacopo Staccioli; Marco Vivarelli |
| Abstract: | Using the entire population of USPTO patent applications published between 2002 and 2019, and leveraging on both patent classification and semantic analysis, this papers aims to map the current knowledge base centred on robotics and AI technologies. These technologies will be investigated both as a whole and distinguishing core and related innovations, along a 4-level core-periphery architecture. Merging patent applications with the Orbis IP firm-level database will allow us to put forward a threefold analysis based on industry of activity, geographic location, and firm productivity. In a nutshell, results show that: (i) rather than representing a technological revolution, the new knowledge base is strictly linked to the previous technological paradigm; (ii) the new knowledge base is characterised by a considerable - but not impressively widespread - degree of pervasiveness; (iii) robotics and AI are strictly related, converging (particularly among the related technologies) and jointly shaping a new knowledge base that should be considered as a whole, rather than consisting of two separate GPTs; (iv) the U.S. technological leadership turns out to be confirmed. |
| Keywords: | Robotics; Artificial Intelligence; General Purpose Technology; Technological Paradigm; Industry 4.0; Patents full-text. |
| Date: | 2021–01–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2021/01&r=all |
| By: | Bandara, KBTUK; Jayasundara, JMSB; Naradda Gamage, Sisira Kumara; Ekanayake, EMS; Rajapackshe, PSK; Abeyrathne, GAKNJ; Prasanna, RPIR |
| Abstract: | Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are renowned as the engine of economic development in both developed and developing regions in the era of economic globalization. However, the existing knowledge in the field outlines numerous factors that hinder SMEs’ growth and survival and lead to business failures in terms of bankruptcy and liquidation. In such a context, Entrepreneurial Marketing (EM) is one of the critical determinants of growth and survival of the SME sector since their marketing approaches do not fit with established traditional marketing theories. Successful SMEs can acquire a competitive advantage on their unique benefit of “smallness,” often under limited resource conditions and uncertain market circumstances. Hence, this paper aims to review the literature on EM and its impact on the performance of SMEs, particularly in developed and developing regions. Accordingly, the review identified a range of EM dimensions that directly affect SME performance in developed and developing regions. The study also identified many other variables have a causal effect on the relationship between EM and SME performance, including external environment, internal venture environment, and venture approach to marketing. Finally, the study provides practical implications for practitioners and theoretical implications for researchers as an array of progressive areas for future endeavors. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurial Marketing, Marketing, Small and Medium Enterprises, SME Performance |
| JEL: | M2 M31 |
| Date: | 2020–11–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:104341&r=all |
| By: | Jorge Nogueira de Paiva Britto (Universidade Federal Fluminense); Leonardo Costa Ribeiro (Cedeplar/UFMG); Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque (Cedeplar/UFMG) |
| Abstract: | This paper revisits the pioneers of innovation systems in the 1980s to evaluate their perception of international forces tensioning national boundaries of those systems. The development of multinational enterprises and consequent changes in their operation beyond national borders is discussed, looking at the formation of a network of international knowledge flows. Those changes are connected to the internationalization of science and consequent formation of another network of international knowledge flows. Both networks, one firm-led and the other university-led, are pushed by the revolutions in information and communication technologies. The combination, overlapping and intertwinement of those two networks of international knowledge flows constitute a new layer in innovation systems - an emergent global innovation system. This new layer rearranges the roles of regional, sectoral and national innovation systems. |
| Keywords: | innovation systems, international knowledge flows, layers of innovation systems |
| JEL: | O30 |
| Date: | 2021–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdp:texdis:td628&r=all |
| By: | Simone Strambach; Stephen Momanyi; ; ; |
| Abstract: | Alternative economic forms are credited with great potential to contribute to social innovation and sustainability transitions. Hybrid organizations, combining multiple institutional logics, emerge in different forms in many regional contexts. There are, however, limited insights on the emergence and unfolding of hybrid organizational fields in different spatial contexts, especially in the spaces of the Global South. This paper contributes to this shortcoming by investigating the institutional dynamics of the emerging field of impact sourcing service providers (ISSPs) in Kenya. Impact sourcing can be considered as a social innovation. These hybrids follow a social mission to promote the integration of disadvantaged youth in the labor market by building IT capabilities, simultaneously striving for financial sustainability for the organization. The findings of this study reveal the multi-scalarity of the field configuring processes; furthermore, they reveal the necessity for Global South hybrids to flexibly combine the weight of both economic and social logics in their business models. This enables them to cope with the double burden of building legitimacy for new practices in the local environment, and the global value chains (GVCs), simultaneously. By combining neo- institutional organization theory, with insights from economic geography and social innovation theory, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the complex institutional dynamics in the emergence and formation of fields of hybrid organizations located in the Global South and their social impacts, enabled due to embeddedness in GVCs. |
| Keywords: | Hybrid organizations, Global South, Social innovation, Organizational and institutional change, Global Value Chains |
| Date: | 2020–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:2057&r=all |
| By: | Etienne Capron (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage); Dominique Sagot-Duvauroux (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage); Raphaël Suire (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes - IUML - FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UM - Le Mans Université - UA - Université d'Angers - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UN - Université de Nantes - ECN - École Centrale de Nantes) |
| Abstract: | This article aims to study the role of places and events in the structuring of a community of innovation whose practice is at the crossroads of art and tech - videomapping. Based on an exploratory case study, we observe the relationships between the different actors who form subgroups, sharing a common interest in a techno-creative practice - but whose collective innovation dynamic is only in its beginnings. We also document the usage of places and events in their intermediation role for these subgroups. This reveals preferential circulations - patterns of moves among a set of focal locations in the city for a community – and the crucial role of these locations in creative communities emergence. |
| Keywords: | techno-creative innovation,places,knowledge,network analysis |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02617101&r=all |
| By: | Chu, Shuai; Liu, Xiangbo |
| Abstract: | This paper studies whether research universities can boost regional economic development through an exogenous shock of a forced relocation of a research university in China. We analyze the development in the treated regions compared with a set of control regions that are created using the synthetic control method and find that research universities can have negative effects on local economic development. We then perform a series of robustness checks. Our main results carry through. By employing a more exogenous shock and more reliable identification strategies, our study provides evidence that research universities do not necessarily promote regional economic development. |
| Keywords: | Research Universities,Regional Economic Development,Synthetic Control Method |
| JEL: | O15 O18 R11 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:748&r=all |